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Narrative, Experience, and Aging
... manipulate risk perceptions in general (Gibbs van Brunschot, 2009), including the basic foundation of subjective construals, or how individuals perceive, comprehend, and interpret the world around them (Markus & Kitayama, 1991). Accordingly, effective educational campaigns necessitate attention and sensitivity to cultural relativism (Johnson, 2007) as a whole, not merely in the form of ethnicity, religion, spirituality (Clarke, Abbott, et al., 2006;Clarke, Tse, et al., 2006), or age brackets (Dickinson & Schissel, 2005;Gubrium, 2001), but in the various dimensions of culture (Hofstede, 2001) and the way they interact and influence one another. This attention to cultural dimensions allows an appreciation and anticipation of how varying cultures may influence the way messages are received and interpreted. ...
... Consequently, any link between age and gambling-related perceptions tends to focus on developmental differences (e.g., adolescents vs. young adults), gender differences, and/or changes across the life span (Calado, Alexandre, & Griffiths, 2014;Dickinson & Schissel, 2005;Dickson, Derevensky, & Gupta, 2002Fabiansson, 2008;Gibbs van Brunschot, 2009;Hraba & Lee, 1996;Welte, Barnes, Tidwell, & Hoffman, 2010). However, in late adulthood, when development has reached full maturity and life experiences, challenges, and wisdoms accumulate, factors such as life stories, narratives, and the search for meaning are likely to be more relevant and dominate how events are perceived (Gubrium, 2001;Kenyon, 2002;Kenyon, Clark, & de Vries, 2001;Randall, 2001). Consequently, the uniqueness of late-life gamblingrelated perceptions (McNeilly & Burke, 2000, 2002) has yet to be properly captured and capitalized on, particularly for the purpose of communicating messages about risk (Finucane, 2008). ...
The basis of any health promotion or harm minimization initiative is effective engagement of the target audience. However, because ''gambling'' can be interpreted in a variety of ways, service providers, such as community educators and clinical practitioners, cannot always assume a shared understanding of the meaning of gambling with their clients. This paper aims to help reduce such discrepancies by highlighting conditions in which gambling is usually viewed as gambling by those engaged in the behavior and by describing scenarios that may be more ambiguous. Such awareness can help service providers to maximize engagement efforts while minimizing the stigma typically associated with gambling. Findings are based on secondary analyses of a study that examined pathways leading to late-life problematic gambling by using a grounded theory method. The results suggest that rational decision making may be compromised in otherwise nonvulnerable individuals. Résumé Le fondement de toute initiative de promotion de la santé ou de découragement de pratiques nuisibles est la mobilisation efficace du public ciblé. Toutefois, parce que le) jeu * peut donner lieu à des interprétations variées, les fournisseurs de services comme les animateurs socio-éducatifs et les cliniciens ne peuvent supposer que leur compréhension de ce qu'est le jeu est toujours la même que celle de leurs clients. Le présent article vise à réduire de tels écarts en mettant en lumière les conditions dans lesquelles le jeu est habituellement perc¸u comme tel par les personnes qui s'y adonnent et en décrivant les scénarios qui peuvent être plus ambigus. Être conscients de ces éléments peut aider les fournisseurs de services à optimiser leurs efforts de mobilisation tout en minimisant la stigmatisation généralement associée au jeu. Les constatations de l'article reposent sur des analyses secondaires d'une étude portant sur les trajectoires menant à des problèmes de jeu tardifs effectuées à l'aide d'une
... The growing field of narrative gerontology has generated support for these beliefs (Chapman, 2005;Gubrium, 2001;Kenyon, Clark & de Vries, 2001;Randal & Kenyon, 2004) and has highlighted the value of the occupation of life storytelling in promoting wellbeing in old age. Jaber Gubrium(2001) states that meaning is created by how we link together the different experiences of our lives. ...
... The growing field of narrative gerontology has generated support for these beliefs (Chapman, 2005;Gubrium, 2001;Kenyon, Clark & de Vries, 2001;Randal & Kenyon, 2004) and has highlighted the value of the occupation of life storytelling in promoting wellbeing in old age. Jaber Gubrium(2001) states that meaning is created by how we link together the different experiences of our lives. It is in the telling of a life story that sense is made of it. ...
... The told story however may not be a representation of the remembered story. The story is often adjusted to suit the particular situational context the narrator finds himself or herself in, or may be adjusted to suit the perceived motivational demands of pleasing the interviewer (Gubrium 2001). Repetitive telling of the narrative embeds it in the narrators psyche, facilitates the development of a 'good story', and confirms the identity of the teller (Hyden & Orulv 2008). ...
This thesis presents the development, implementation and evaluation of a methodological framework for a narrative based approach to practice development and person-centred care in residential aged care settings. The study is underpinned by practice development, person-centred care and narrative methodologies. Narrative focuses on a way of being, paying attention to past present and future, and also as a way of doing, as the means through which action is understood and made meaningful. Carried out between 2010 and 2014 and underpinned by theories of narrative inquiry, person-centred care, practice development and action research, this study is guided by the philosophical perspectives of Heidegger (1962). Forty six interviews, collected as part of a national research programme, (Person-Centred Care Practice Development Programme 2007-2010), were analysed for key themes by myself, four focus groups of 12 clinical nurse managers and two independent experts. Themes were also derived from a focus group of eight residents who explored person-centredness and narrative. Combined, this analyses led to a single set of themes that were used to develop a Framework of Narrative Practice. This framework consists of four pillars, prerequisites, care processes, care environment and narrative aspects of care. The framework further includes three narrative operational elements, narrative knowing, narrative being and narrative doing. Working with the four foundational pillars and the three narrative elements enabled staff to 'work in a storied way' and provide person-centred outcomes and a narrative informed philosophy of care for older adults. Using an action research approach with work-based learning groups, the framework was implemented in two residential care settings that were comprised of 37 residents and 38 staff. Three action cycles (1) narrative practice and culture identification, (2) developing narrative practice and (3) working in a storied way emerged during the implementation. Using these action cycles, staff developed action plans to address areas where changes could improve practice and quality of life for the residents. These plans included communication/intercommunication, homely environment, having more going on with and for the residents and meals and mealtimes. By taking account of their biography, the framework confirmed the identity of older people. Three key areas emerged, however, that warranted further conceptualisation. These were, how staff and residents responded to change (narrative being), development of shared understandings (narrative knowing) and intentional action (narrative doing).
Die Praxis Sozialer Altenarbeit, die im Rahmen der sozialen Altenhilfe geleistet wird, kann mithilfe gerontologischer Erkenntnisse, Theorien und Konzepte fundiert werden. Doch nur eine kritische Distanz zu diesen wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen ermöglicht, die Lebensbewältigung im Alter reflektiert zu begleiten und bestenfalls einen Beitrag zur Emanzipation älterer Menschen von Herrschaftsdiskursen zu leisten. Der Beitrag klärt deshalb, was unter Gerontologie, Sozialer Gerontologie und insbesondere Kritischer Gerontologie zu verstehen ist, und skizziert ausgewählte Ansätze Kritischer Gerontologie als Anregungen für die Soziale Altenarbeit.
Im Beitrag wird das Alter(n) zunächst als sozialwissenschaftliche Kategorie und als soziales Phänomen charakterisiert, wobei auf wissenschaftstheoretische Traditionen und unterschiedliche disziplinäre Perspektiven ebenso Bezug genommen wird, wie auf die wissenschaftshistorische Entwicklung der Theoretisierungen von Alter(n). Deutlich wird, dass die zeitgenössische Alter(n)sforschung gekennzeichnet ist von der Aufwertung der dynamischen Perspektive auf das Alter(n). Im Zuge dieser Entwicklung erlangten biographische Ansätze Bedeutung. Vor diesem Hintergrund skizziert der Beitrag zum einen, wie die gerontologische Forschung sowohl theoretisch als auch methodisch von der Integration biographischer Konzepte profitieren kann. Zum anderen enthält er ein Plädoyer für die Berücksichtigung gerontologischer Erkenntnisse allgemein und kritisch gerontologischer Konzepte insbesondere in der Biographieforschung.
Im Beitrag wird das Alter(n) zunächst als sozialwissenschaftliche Kategorie und als soziales Phänomen charakterisiert, wobei auf wissenschaftstheoretische Traditionen und unterschiedliche disziplinäre Perspektiven ebenso Bezug genommen wird, wie auf die wissenschaftshistorische Entwicklung der Theoretisierungen von Alter(n). Deutlich wird, dass die zeitgenössische Alter(n)sforschung gekennzeichnet ist von der Aufwertung der dynamischen Perspektive auf das Alter(n). Im Zuge dieser Entwicklung erlangten biographische Ansätze Bedeutung. Vor diesem Hintergrund skizziert der Beitrag zum einen, wie die gerontologische Forschung sowohl theoretisch als auch methodisch von der Integration biographischer Konzepte profitieren kann. Zum anderen enthält er ein Plädoyer für die Berücksichtigung gerontologischer Erkenntnisse allgemein und kritisch gerontologischer Konzepte insbesondere in der Biographieforschung.
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