Holocentridae from Borodino submarine elevation (Philippine Sea)

Abstract

The information on the Holocentrid fishes (Holocentridae) from the Borodino submarine elevation (Philippine Sea) is reported for the first time. The Sargocentron borodinoensis new species is described based on one specimen found at 100–190 m depth. The brief description of the S. ittodai, Neoniphon aurolineatus, Myripristis amaena, Ostichthys archiepiscopus, O. kaianus, and Pristilepis oligolepis species found from the elevation are presented. The S. ittodai, N. aurolineatus, and M. amaena species were captured at greater depths than was earlier known.

Full text

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ISSN 0032-9452, Journal of Ichthyology, 2017, Vol. 57, No. 1, pp. 37–44. © Pleiades Publishing, Ltd., 2017.
Original Russian Text © A.N. Kotlyar, 2017, published in Voprosy Ikhtiologii, 2017, Vol. 57, No. 1, pp. 32–39.
Holocentridae from Borodino Submarine Elevation (Philippine Sea)
A. N. Kotlyar
Institute of Oceanology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
e-mail: kotlyar@ocean.ru
Received January 26, 2016
Abstract⎯The information on the Holocentrid fishes (Holocentridae) from the Borodino submarine eleva-
tion (Philippine Sea) is reported for the first time. The Sargocentron borodinoensis new species is described
based on one specimen found at 100–190 m depth. The brief description of the S. ittodai, Neoniphon aurolin-
eatus, Myripristis amaena, Ostichthys archiepiscopus, O. kaianus, and Pristilepis oligolepis species found from
the elevation are presented. The S. ittodai, N. aurolineatus, and M. amaena species were captured at greater
depths than was earlier known.
Keywords: Holocentridae, new species, Sargocentron borodinoensis, S. ittodai, Neoniphon aurolineatus, Myri-
pristis amaena, Ostichthys archiepiscopus, O. kaianus, Pristilepis oligolepis, Borodino submarine elevation,
Philippine Sea
DOI: 10.1134/S0032945217010076
INTRODUCTION
Holocentridae, including squirrelfishes, soldier-
fishes, and others, are typical inhabitants of the tropi-
cal reefs and stony grounds at the shallow depths in the
tropical and subtropical zones of the World Ocean.
There are species among them to be found at the
depths of some hundreds meters (some of Ostichthys
and Pristilepis). The highest species diversity is accu-
mulated in the Indian Ocean and the western part of
the Pacific Ocean (Kotlyar, 1996, 1998; Randall and
Greenfield, 1996; Randall, 1998).
The Philippine Sea is one of the greatest seas on
Earth; it has no land borders; it is surrounded by the
following island groups: Japanese, Taiwan, Philip-
pine, Nampo, Mariana, and Caroline. The Borodino
submarine elevation is located in the northern half of
the Philippine Sea. Three islands—Northern Borod-
ino (Kitaoagari), Southern Borodino (Minamioag-
ari), and Okinodaito—are situated on the elevation.
The Borodino Islands were discovered by Z.I. Panafi-
din, the Russian navigator, in 1820 during the Borod-
ino vessel expedition (the vessel was named in honor
of the battle of the Russian army with Frenchmen near
th e Boro dino villa ge on Augu s t 26, 1812 ).
A small fish collection compiled in the southern
part of the Borodino elevation in the 1970s is preserved
in the Zoological Institute (St. Petersburg), Russian
Academy of Sciences. There are specimens of several
Holocentrid species among them. The investigation
failed to find any publications on these fishes from this
very elevation. The information on them only from the
coastal waters surrounding these sea islands is avail-
able (Greenfield, 1968, 1974; Shimizu and Yamakawa,
1979; Randall et al., 1982; Masuda et al., 1984; Fishes
of the Okinawa Trough…, 1985; Chen et al., 1990;
Chen, 1993; Kotlyar, 1996, 1998; Randall and Green-
field, 1996; Randall, 1998). Only two species of the
Ostichthys genus (O. archiepiscopus and O. kaianus)
were indicated eastwards from the Borodino elevation,
along the Kyushu-Palau Ridge in the inland waters of
the Philippine Sea (Fishes of the Kyushu-Palau...,
1982).
The objectives of the work were to describe the new
species of the Sargocentron genus and give more infor-
mation on six Holocentrid species along the Borodino
elevation.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The material was collected in 1971 to 1972 at the
three stations in the southern half of the Borodino ele-
vation from the Professor Deryugin research vessel
(collector V. Mironov). Station no. 110 was located
between the latitudes of 26°45′6 N and 26°45′3 N and
the longitudes of 135°25′7 E and 135°25′0 E; bottom
trawling with the use of echosounder indicating each
10 minutes at 345–330–330–330–500 m echo depth
was carried out on February 26, 1971 at 22:05 to 22:55.
Station no. 228: location at lat. 24°31′9 N and long.
134°19′9 E, bottom trawling, 100–190 m depth, on
November 8, 1971. Station no. 345: location at lat.
26°45′5 N and long. 135°20′2 E, 02:18 setting time for
bottom trawling, the depth was not indicated (it might
be the same as at station 110), May 22, 1972.
The work uses the following symbols for the mor-
phometric traits: SL—standard fish length; c—head

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KOTLYAR
length (from end of upper maxilla to posterior edge of
operculum, including length of longest spine); ao—
snout length; o—horizontal diameter of eye; po—
postorbital distance; ch—head depth (at level of poste-
rior eye edge); io—interorbital space distance; lmx—
upper jaw length; lmd—lower jaw length; l sp. br.—
length of corner gill raker on first gill arch; H—maxi-
mal body depth (usually at level of vertical at ventral
fin origin); h— caudal peduncle depth; lpc—length of
caudal peduncle; aD, aP, aV, and aA—antedorsal,
antepectoral, anteventral, and anteanal distances;
PV—pectoventral straight distance between lower edge
of pectoral fin base and ventral fin origin; VA—ventro-
anal distance; lD and lA—lengths of dorsal fin base
and anal fin base; lP and lV—lengths of pectoral and
ventral fins; D, A, P, V—numbers of rays in dorsal,
anal, pectoral, and ventral fins; ll—number of scales in
lateral line; sp. br.—number of gill rakers on first gill
arch (number of the gill rakers on the upper half+ cor-
ner raker + number of the gill rakers on the lower half);
vert.—number of vertebrae, including urostyle (num-
ber ot the abdominal vertebrae + number of caudal
vertebrae). The number of scales above the lateral line
can be counted under the middle spiny part of the dor-
sal fin; the number of ctenii on the posterior scale edge
in the first row below the lateral line at the level of the
pectoral fin end.
Sargocentron borodinoensis Kotlyar species nova
Borodino soldierfish
(Figs. 1, 2a)
H o l o t y p e: Zoological Institute, no. 56056, SL
182 mm, station 228.
Diagnosis. D IX 13, A IV 9, ll 46, 3½ scale rows
above lateral line, sp. br. 5 + 1 + 9 = 12; two big
pointed spines on posterior operculum edge, lower
spine longer than upper spine; no spine at nasal fossa
edges or on nasale surface.
Description. D IX 13, A IV 9, P 14, V 7; prin-
cipal rays of caudal fin 10 + 9, seven upper additional
spiny rays, five lower additional spiny rays; ll 46; eight
scales below lateral line towards anal fin; f ive oblique
scale rows on cheek; vertical row of eight scales on
operculum; eight predorsal scales; 14 scales around
caudal peduncle; vert. 11 + 16 = 27.
Head length contained 2.7 times in SL; its depth
less than its length and comprised 1.4 times in c.
Postorbital distance contained 2.3 times in c. Snout
roundish, comprising 3.8 times in c. Lower jaw slightly
prominent under upper jaw; upper maxilla length con-
tained 2.7 times in c; Lower jaw contained 1.9 times in
c. Jaws equipped with bands of small teeth, faintly
enlarged in frontal part. Orbits large, their diameter
contained 2.9 times within c; interorbital distance
contained 5.2 times within c. Strong spine on prae-
operculum; its length contained 1.7 times in orbit
diameter and 4.9 times within c. Praeoperculum pos-
terior edge covered with small spines; bone surface
covered with numerous combs; lower praeoperculum
edge also with combs but without edge spining. On
operculum posterior edge, two big pointed spines;
lower spine longer than upper spine; small spines
below these big spines on bone edge. Some combs on
suboperculum surface; several modest plane spines
sparsely located on posterior bone edge. No spine on
nasale surface between nasal fossa and premaxillary
fossa edge and on premaxillary fossa edge. On first gill
arch, 5 + 1 + 9 = 15 gill rakers; gill rakers short and
sparsely located. Corner gill raker 5.3 times in orbit
diameter and 15.4 in c. Last two rakers on upper and
Fig. 1. Sargocentron borodinoensis, holotype, SL 182 mm.

JOURNAL OF ICHTHYOLOGY Vol. 57 No. 1 2017
HOLOCENTRIDAE FROM BORODINO SUBMARINE ELEVATION 39
Fig. 2. Borodino submarine elevation Holocentridae: (a) Sargocentron borodinoensis, holotype, SL 182 mm; (b) S. ittodai, SL 154 mm;
(c) Neoniphon aurolineatus, SL 188 mm; (d) Myripristis amaena, SL 182 mm; (e) Ostichthys archiepiscopus, SL 207 mm; (f) O. kaianus,
SL 169 mm; (g) Pristilepis oligolepis, SL 235 mm.
(а)
(b)
lower half of first gill arch present as spined low
patches.
Body elongate, laterally flattened; depth contained
3.0 times in SL. Caudal peduncle short, its length con-
tained 7.0 times in SL and 2.6 times in c; caudal
peduncle dept contained 1.9 times in its length and 4.9
times in c. Even spikes in first dorsal fin (second,
fourth, sixth, eighth, and tenth) distinctly thicker and
stronger than uneven spikes (Fig. 1); lengths of first,
second, third, fourth, and 11th pointed rays contained
3.8, 2.6, 2.5, 2.4, and 13.6 times, respectively, in c.
Lengths of first, second, third, and fourth pointed rays
of anal fin contained 17.0, 11.3, 1.5, and 2.7 times,
respectively, in c. Body covered with large ctenoid
scales; 29 to 36 ctenii on scale posterior edges.
Measurements. In % SL: c 37.4, ao 9.9, o 12.9,
po 15. 9, ch 25.8, io 7.1, lmx 13 . 7, lmd 19.8, l sp.br. 2.4,
H 33.0, h 7.7, lpc 14.3, aD 39.3, aP 38.5, aV 39.3,
aA 78.0, PV 8.2, VA 38.7, lD 53.3 (including 41.2%
spiny part), lP 22.0, lV 21.2, lA 11.0. In % с: ao 26.5,
o34.6, po 42.6, ch 69.1, io 19.1, lmx 36.8, lmd 52.9,
l sp.br. 6.5.
Coloration of holotype fixed in alcohol light
brown. No patches or stripes preserved in f ixing solu-
tion after long-term preservation.
Holotype caught in waters at 100–190 m depth.
E t y m o l o g y. The new type is called in honor of
the Borodino submarine elevation, where the holo-
type was found along one of the mountains.
Comparative notes and comments.
Twenty seven species of the Sargocentron genus inhabit
the Pacific and Indian Oceans; six species of them,
such as: S. megalops, S. spiniferum, S. ensiferum, S. shi-
mizui, S. iota, and S. lepros have 3½ scales above the
lateral line as in S. borodinoensis (Randall, 1998). The
S. borodinoensis differs from all these species in the
least (15) number of gill rakers on the first gill arch.
The number of gill rakers usually varies from 17
(S. iota) to 22 (S. spiniferum); fifteen gill rakers (in
addition, as an extreme value) is sometimes recorded
only in four species with 2 ½ scale rows above the lat-
eral line (S. caudimaculatum, S. cornutum, S. rubrum,
and S. seychellense). S. megalops has 57–58 scales in
the lateral line against the 38–48 scales in the other

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KOTLYAR
Fig. 2. (Contd.)
(c)
(d)
(e)
five species with 3½ scale rows above the lateral line
(46 scales are in S. borodinoensis). Only S. ensiferum of
these six species has one opercular spine; the others
have two spines. The lower opercular spine is signifi-
cantly shorter than the upper spine in the S. megalops,
S. shimizui, S. iota, and S. lepros species (in S. borodi-
onoensis, the lower spine is longer than the upper
spine). S. spiniferum has two approximately equidi-
mensional spines on the operculum. The new species
differs from the S. spiniferum species in a lesser num-
ber of soft rays in the second dorsal fin (13 rays vs. 14–
16 rays, 15 is usual), a lesser number of soft rays in the

JOURNAL OF ICHTHYOLOGY Vol. 57 No. 1 2017
HOLOCENTRIDAE FROM BORODINO SUBMARINE ELEVATION 41
anal fin (9 rays vs. 9–10 rays, 9 is seldom), a lesser
number of gill rakers on the first gill arch (15 rakers vs.
18–20 rakers), lower body (3.0 times in the SL vs. 2.4–
2.6 times in the SL), larger orbit (2.9 times vs. 3.9
times included in the c), and some other traits.
Five species of the Sargocentron genus inhabit the
Atlantic Ocean; four of them (S. bullisi, S. coruscum,
S. poco, and S. vexillarium) inhabit its tropical western
part; one of them (S. hastatum) inhabits the eastern
part (Woods and Sonoda, 1973; Fishes of the North-
Eastern Atlantic…, 1986; Kotlyar, 1996, 1998). All the
species in the western Atlantic have 3½ scales above
the lateral line, while the S. hastatum species possesses
2½ scales. The lower opercular spine is longer than the
upper one only in S. vexilarium. All of the western-
atlantic species compared to the S. borodinoensis have
more gill rakers (from 16 to 21) on the first gill arch.
Fifteen rakers can be sometimes found only in the S.
coruscum species. S. vexilarium has less scales (38–44)
in the lateral line, higher body (34.7–39.9% SL), lon-
ger caudal peduncle (16.5–22.1% SL), and wider
interorbital distance (16.5–22.1% SL) (Woods and
Sonoda, 1973).
Sargocentron ittodai (Jordan et Fowler, 1903)
Japanese soldierfish
(Fig. 2b)
Zoological Institute, no. 56056, SL 154 mm, sta-
tion 228.
Description. D XI 13, A IV 9, P 15, V I 7, ll 46,
2½ scale rows above lateral line, 29–30 ctenii at poste-
rior scale edge; sp. br. 5 + 1 + 12 = 18; no spine on
nasale; praeoperculum spine included 1.4 times in
Fig. 2. (Contd.)
(f)
(g)

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KOTLYAR
orbit diameter. Lengths of first, second, third, fourth,
and 11th pointed rays of dorsal fin contained 3.8, 2.6,
2.2, 2.3, and 79.0 times, respectively, in c. Lengths of
first, second, third, and fourth pointed rays of anal fin
contained 26.4, 8.5, 1.7, and 2.8 times, respectively, in c.
Measurements. In % SL: c 36.0, ao 9.4, o 10.7,
po 16.6, ch 21.1, io 7.1, lmx 11. 0 , lmd 15.3, l sp.br. 1.8,
H33.4, h 8.2, lpc 14.3, aD 36.4, aP 33.1, aV 38.3,
aA 73.7, PV 6.5, VA 35.7, lD 54.5 (including 40.6%
spiny part), lP 18.2, lV 23.2, lA 14.3. In % с: ao 26.1,
o29.7, po 45.9, ch 58.6, io 19.8, lmx 30.6, lmd 42.3,
l sp.br. 5.1.
Distribution. S. ittodai is an Indo-West
Pacific species, inhabiting waters from Africa to Mar-
quesas Islands (Kotlyar, 1998; Randall, 1998). It is
known near number of islands surrounding Philippine
Sea: Japan (Honshu, Kyushu, and Ryukyu), Ogas-
awara, Taiwan, and Philippine Islands (Masuda et al.,
1984; Chen, 1993; Kotlyar, 1998; Randall, 1998). The
species is usually caught at depths 5-70 m (Kotlyar,
1996).This capture was made in waters at 100–190 m
depth.
Neoniphon aurolineatus (Liénard, 1839)
Yellow-striped squirrelfish
(Fig. 2c)
Zoological Institute, no. 56057, SL 188 mm, sta-
tion 228.
Description. D XI 13, last spiny ray in dorsal
fin located nearer to first soft-ray than to penultimate
spiny ray. A IV 9, P 14, V I 7, ll 46; 3½ scale rows above
lateral line; 25 ctenii at posterior scale edge; sp. br. 5 +
1 + 10 = 16; no spine on nasal bone; spine lengths on
praeoperculum contained 1.5 times in orbit diameter.
Lengths of first, second, third, fourth, and 11th
pointed rays of dorsal fin contained 4.3, 2.8, 2.5, 2.6,
and 36.1 times, respectively, in c. Lengths of first, sec-
ond, third, and fourth pointed rays of anal fin con-
tained 43.3, 8.2, 1.8, and 3.1 times, respectively, in c.
Measurements. In % SL: c 34.6, ao 11.2 , o
12. 0, po 12.2 , ch 22.9, io 6.6, lmx 15.4, lmd 19.7, l sp.br.
2.6, H 30.9, h 8.5, lpc 14.4, aD 37.0, aP 38.6, aV 43.4,
aA 76.6, PV 8.0, VA 34.6, lD 48.9 (including 38.3%
spiny part), lP 23.9, lV 18. 6, lA 22.6. In % с: ao 32.3, o
34.6, po 35.4, ch 66.2, io 19.2, lmx 44.6, lmd 56.9, l
sp.br. 7.5.
D i s t r i b u t i o n. Species inhabits waters in
Indian Ocean and western part of Pacific Ocean east-
wards to Hawaiian Islands and Marquesas Islands
(Randall and Heemstra, 1985; Randall et al., 1985;
Kotlyar, 1998). In Philippine Sea species known from
Okinawa Island (Masuda et al., 1975, 1984) and Mar-
iana Islands (Donaldson et al., 1994). Species usually
captured deeper than 40 m in deepwater coral reefs, as
recorded by Randall and Heemstra (1985). This deep-
water capture was in waters at 70 m. Specimen from
Borodino submarine elevation was caught at 100–190 m
depth.
Myripristis amaena (Castenau, 1873)
Brick soldierfish
(Fig. 2d)
Zoological Institute, no. 56058, three specimens,
SL 175, 182 and 183 mm, station 228.
Description.
D XI 15, A IV 12, P 15, V I 7, ll
34–35; 2½ scale rows above lateral line; 26–35 (31.8
on average) ctenii at scales; no spine on inner sides of
dorsal fin bases. Pair of enlarged tooth sets reaching
lateral surface of mandible in its front; sp. br. 12 +1+
(23–24) = 36–37. Third spiny ray in dorsal fin similar
to fourth spiny ray in length. Lengths of first, second,
third, fourth, and 11th pointed rays of dorsal f in con-
tained 3.7–3.9 (3.8), 2.3–2.7 (2.4), 2.2–2.4 (2.3),
2.1–24 (2.3), and 4.9–5.3 (5.1) times, respectively, in
c. Lengths of first, second, third, and fourth pointed
rays of the anal fin contained 22.3–32.8 (28.9), 7.8–
16.4 (12.1), 2.1–2.6 (2.3), and 2.6–3.3 (3.0) times,
respectively, in c.
Measurements. In % SL: c 35.8−38.0 (36.2),
ao 8.6−9.3 (8.9), o 14.6−15.3 (14.9), po 12.3−13.1
(12.7), ch 31.9−33.1 (32.4), io 7.1−9.7 (8.5), lmx 18.6−20.1
(19.4), lmd 23.4−24.2 (23.7), l sp.br. 2.5−6.0 (5.9),
H38.9−40.7 (39.7), h 7.7−9.3 (8.6), lpc 12.9−13.1
(13.0), aD 38.3−40.2 (39.2), aP 38.3−42.3 (40.2),
aV 44.6−49.5 (47.1), aA 71.4−73.8 (72.4), PV
10.4−12.3 (11.5), VA 28.6−30.6 (29.9), lD 51.4−52.6
(52.2) (including 34.9−36.3 (35.5)% spiny part), lP
24.9−25.4 (25.2) lV 23.7−25.4 (24.4), lA 18.7−20.5
(19.7). In % с: ao 23.8−26.0 (24.6), o 40.3−42.7 (41.2),
po 34.1−36.6 (35.0), ch 86.6−92.1 (89.6), io 19.4−27.0
(23.6), lmx 51.9−54.5 (53.5), lmd 65.1−65.7 (65.5), l
sp.br. 15.9−16.7 (16.3).
N o t e s a n d c o m m e n t s. According to the
table for defining the species of the Myripristis genus
(Randall and Greenfield, 1996), the analyzed fish
specimens were easily defined as M. amaena. There is
some evidence of divergence in the reporting descrip-
tion of species. Thus, the authors indicate the ctenii of
45–94 units on the scale edges in fishes of 110–
203 mm SL, while their number comprised 26–35 in
fishes within the Borodino elevation. The length of the
head in the Borodino elevation fish is contained 2.6–
2.8 times vs. 2.9–3.3 times in the SL by the data of that
article; the width of the interorbital distance is con-
tained 3.7–5.1 times vs. 3.5–4.0 times in c. These dif-
ferences might be of the population features.
Distribution. M. amaena inhabits the waters
in the western part of the Pacific Ocean (eastward, up
to the Pitcairn Islands). In the Philippine Sea, it is
known at the Ryukyu, Taiwan, Ogasawara (Bonin),
Mariana and Palau islands (Masuda et al., 1984; Chen
et al., 1990; Donaldson et al., 1994; Randall and
Greenfield, 1996; Kotlyar, 1998). M. amaena is a shal-

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HOLOCENTRIDAE FROM BORODINO SUBMARINE ELEVATION 43
low-water species (greatest depth of capture is 25 m)
according to Randall and Greenfield (1996). The
specimens from the analyzed collection were caught at
100–190 m depth.
Ostichthys archiepiscopus (Valenciennes, 1862)
Straighthead soldierfish
(Fig. 2e)
Zoological Institute, no. 56059, SL 207 mm, sta-
tion 345.
Description. D XII 14, A IV 11, P 15, V I 7, ll
30; incomplete scale at front-top of first scales at lat-
eral line; 2½ scale rows above lateral line; 22 ctenii at
scales; sp.br. 8 + 1 + 12 = 21. On operculum, large
spine blunted at edge. Penultimate spiny ray of dorsal
fin slightly longer than last spiny ray. Lengths of first,
second, third, fourth, 11th, and 12th pointed rays of
dorsal fin contained 6.5, 2.3, 2.2, 2.2, 9.2, and 11.1
times, respectively, in c. Lengths of first, second,
third, and fourth pointed rays of anal fin contained
52.0, 8.7, 2.6, and 3.9 times, respectively, in c.
Measurements. In % SL: c 37.7, ao 8.7, o 9.7,
po 19.3, ch 31.2 , io 6.3, lmx 19.8, lmd 25.1, l sp.br. 5.3,
H 43.0, h 9.2, lpc 12. 3, aD 44.4, aP 42.8, aV 47.8, aA
78.3, PV 12.1, VA 32.9, lD 53.1 (including 41.1% spiny
part), lP 20.3, lV 19.8, lA 17. 6 . In % с: ao 23.1, o 25.6,
po 51.3 , ch 82.7, io 16.7, lmx 52.6, lmd 66.7, l sp.br. 14.1.
D i s t r i b u t i o n. It is an Indo-West Pacific spe-
cies. It has been earlier known at Reunion Island,
Ryukyu Islands, Hawaiian Islands, and the submarine
Kyu shu-Pala u ran ge (Fishes of the Kyushu-Palau...,
1982; Randall et al., 1982; Masuda et al., 1984; Kotl-
yar, 1996, 1998). The sampling depths were 146–360 m
(Fishes of the Kyushu-Palau..., 1982; Randall et al.,
1982).
Ostichthys kaianus (Günther, 1880)
Kai soldierfish
(Fig. 2f)
Zoological Institute, no. 56060, SL 265 mm, sta-
tion 110; Zoological Institute, no. 56091, SL 169 mm,
station 345.
Description. D XII 13−14, A IV 11, P 16, V I 7,
ll 28−29; complete scale at front-top of first scales at
lateral line; 2½ scale rows above lateral line; 21 ctenii
at scales; sp.br. (8−9) + 1 + (13−14) = 23. On opercu-
lum, large pointed spine. Penultimate spiny ray of dor-
sal fin slightly longer than last spiny ray. Lengths of
first, second, third, fourth, 11th, and 12th pointed rays
of dorsal fin contained 3.4–6.8, 2.3–4.1, 1.8–3.4,
2.0–3.5, 7.7–14.0, and 8.5–17.2 times, respectively, in
c. Lengths of first, second, third, and fourth pointed
rays of anal fin contained 44.8–76.5, 15.3–17.2, 2.3–
5.3, and 3.6–6.8 times, respectively, in c.
Measurements. In % SL (169/265 mm): c
45.3/42.3, ao 9.5/9.4, o 12.4/11.3, po 21.9/20.8, ch
34.9/33.6, io 5.9/5.8, lmx 23.1/21.1, lmd 28.7/26.0, l
sp.br. 8.6/5.7, H 48.2/47.2, h 8.9/9.1, lpc 10.7/10.6, aD
40.2/41.9, aP 42.9/43.8, aV 48.8/51.3, aA 75.4/78.5,
PV 12.1/12.5, VA 33.4/32.1, lD 54.4/52.4 (including
38.5/40.4% spiny part), lP 22.5/23.4, lV 24.3/21.1, lA
19.8/18.5. In % с: ao 20.9/22.3, o 27.5/26.8, po
48.4/49.1, ch 77.1/79.5, io 13.1/13 . 8 , lmx 51.0/50.0,
lmd 63.4/61.6, l sp.br. 19.0/13.4.
D i s t r i b u t i o n. It is an Indo-West Pacific spe-
cies registered from Reunion Island in the Indian
Ocean to Samoa in the western part of the Pacific
Ocean (Kotlyar, 1998). The species is known in the
island zone of the Philippine Sea, at the Ryukyu and
Taiwan Islands (Masuda et al., 1975, 1984; Randall et
al., 1982; Chen et al., 1990; Chen, 1993), and in the
central part, at the Kyushu-Palau Ridge (Fishes of the
Kyushu-Pal au..., 1982). It is found at the depths of
180–640 m.
Pristilepis oligolepis (Whitley, 1941)
Spinyface soldier
(Fig. 2g)
Zoological Institute, no. 56092, SL 235 mm, sta-
tion 228.
Description. D XII 14, A IV 11, P 15, V I 7,
ll 29; 21/2 scale rows above lateral line; 16 ctenii at
scales. On first infraorbital bone, flat spine prickled at
edges, overhanging maxilla. Two pointed spines at
praeopercular posterior edge; upper spine longer than
lower spine. Last spiny ray of dorsal fin half-shorter
than penultimate spiny ray. Lengths of first, second,
third, fourth, 11th, and 12th pointed rays of dorsal fin
contained 4.5, 2.7, 2.4, 2.5, 14.8, and 30.0 times,
respectively, in c. Lengths of first, second, third, and
fourth pointed rays of anal fin contained 73.8, 9.6, 3.6,
and 4.4 times, respectively, in c.
Measurements. In % SL: c 40.9, ao 10.0,
o10.2, po 20.0, ch 30.6, io 5.7, lmx 20.9, lmd 25.5,
l sp.br. 3.1, H 40.9, h 8.9, lpc 11. 2 , aD 47.2, aP 43.8, aV
47.7, aA 75.7, PV 10.6, VA 29.8, lD 54.0 (including
41.2 % spi ny p a rt), lP 19.6, lV 20.9, lA 17.4. In % с: ao
24.5, o 25.0, po 49.0, ch 75.0, io 14.1, lmx 51.0, lmd
62.57, l sp.br. 7.5.
Distribution. P. o l ig ol ep is inhabits in the
waters from Reu nion Is lan d in the India n Ocean to the
Hawaiian Islands and Easter Island in the Pacific
Ocean (Randall et al., 1982; Kotlyar, 1998). Near the
coast of Japan the species is known in the Sagamai Bay
(Masuda et al., 1975, 1984). The depths of inhabiting
range from 14 m to 220 m (Randall et al., 1982).

44
JOURNAL OF ICHTHYOLOGY Vol. 57 No. 1 2017
KOTLYAR
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
I am sincerely grateful to A.V. Balushkin (Zoologi-
cal Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences) who
delivered the collection of the Holocentrid fishes from
the Borodino elevation to analyze it.
The work was supported by the Russian Founda-
tion for Basic Research, grant no. 16-04-00365.
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Translated by O. Zhiryakova