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RSP • No. 47 • 2015: 98-112
98
ORIGINAL PAPER
Policies, Programs and Projects for Youth Employment in
Kosovo
Ylber Aliu*
Abstract
The main goal of this research is studying the policies, programs and projects for youth
employment which are implemented by the Regional Employment Centers in Kosovo.
The result of the research is to identify the policies, programs and projects for youth
employment which are implemented and not implemented in Kosovo. In the paper are
used several methods. The first, has been organized a focus group of exploratory nature
with the aim of identifying the issues for research. The second, a questionnaire was carried
out (semi-structured) with directors of Regional Employment Centers. The third, the
research of laws and bylaws in the area of employment, the publications of the Department
of Labor and Employment, Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare, and scientific literature
in the field of employment. Conclusion of the paper is that, in Kosovo there are policies,
programs and projects for youth employment in Kosovo, but they are not enough.
Keywords: Kosovo, employment, youth, political, REC
* Ph.D. Candidate, South East European University, Phone: 0037744662874, Email:
ylber.a.aliu@live.com
RS P
Policies, Programs and Prospects for Youth Employment in Kosovo
99
Introduction
Kosovo has policies, programs and projects for youth employment, but they are
not enough
By the policies, programs and projects for youth employment benefit a
considerable number of young jobseekers. However, these policies, programs and projects
are limited by two main circumstances. Firstly are realized with donnors found. secondly,
are not implemented all policies, programs and projects. The study of policies, programs
and projects for youth employment, with special focus identifying policies, programs and
projects which are implemented and not implemented, is the main objective in this paper
study. So, the paper will study this topic in these key dimensions. In the first part, will
realize a theoretical analysis about the unemployment statistics for young people in
Kosovo, policies and services that provide Regional Employment Centers (hereinafter:
REC) for young jobseekers. In the second part, we will bring empirical evidence on these
issues. At the end we give the main conclusions of the paper and bibliography.
Research Methodology
In order to identify the issues that need to be investigated, we organized a focus
group with ten (10) young participants. From the discussion developed within this focus
group we managed to identify five (5) issues that participants have identified as important
in terms of youth employment through public employment services. Our research has been
directed at finding the answer to these issues which we have turned into research
questions. Therefore, the main data of this study were obtained through semi-structured
questionnaires. REC-s directors have responded in the questionnaires sent by mail. The
questionnaires contained some key questions and some sub-questions. The rest of the data
were taken from several sources. The first, laws and other bylaws covering the field of
employment. Second, periodic reports to the Department of Labor and Employment
(hereinafter DLE) and the Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare (hereinafter: MLSW).
Third, the academic literature in the field of employment (Matthews, Ross, 2012; Eco,
1997; Manheim, 2002; Feraj, 2004). In the aspect of the relationship between the
dependent variable and independent, in the case of our research, independent variable are
the policies, programs and projects for youth employment, while the dependent variable
is the employment of youth. So, as many policies, programs and projects for youth
employment, the greater is their employment. The paper start with the study and
theoretical research.
The theoritical part
The theoretical framework of policies for youth employment consists of
theoretical explanations for the focus group, the statistics of young people registered as
unemployed or job seekers to REC's, policies and services tha are offered in order to
address the challenges arising from unemployment, and opinion of the Directors of REC's
related with policies and services for youth employment. So, "... the focus group is a
method for collecting qualitative data ... the difference is that the focus group (as the name
says itself) leaves from the interviews one by one, and become a group interview”
(Matthews, Ross, 2012: 235). Three are the focus group characteristics "Merges a group
of 5 to 13 people, who have something in common that relates to the topic of research, to
take part in a discussion on this topic, which is moderated by the researcher" (Matthews,
Ylber Aliu
100
Ross, 2012: 235). Focus group "Explorer: either pre-pilot phase of social research, for
example, to discover what participants think is important in an issue or theme and what
kind of language and concepts are used in the discussion" (Matthews, Ross, 2012: 236).
While, in terms of overall statistics of the DLE , the number of young people registered
as jobseekers is "... 92. 615 jobseekers "(Department of Labor and Employment. 2012:
20). While, until September of this year this number has reached "... 95. 448 registered
jobseekers "(Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. 2013: 1). This age marks the greater
entry in unemployment compared with all other age groups (Ibid). So, "The
unemployment rate for the persons aged 16 to 24 is approximately two times higher than
the overall unemployment rate" (Institute for Development Research, 2013: 24). But
exactly which age refers the policies, programs and projects for the youth employment?
According to the Law on registration and evidence of unemployed and jobseekers,
“Jobseekers in Regional Employment Centers can enroll persons from the age of eighteen
(18) "(MLSW, 2012a: 2). Therefore, in this research, when we say 'policies, programs
and projects for the youth employment', we referred to the policies, programs and projects
for persons aged eighteen (18) to twenty four (24). In theoretical aspect are some policies,
programs and projects dealing directly with youth employment. Policies, programs and
major projects for youth employment are: “Lifelong guidance, job search assistance,
professional qualification, work practices, job training, salary subsidies, public works and
promotion of self-employment” (MPMS. 2012b: 3). All policies for youth employment
are realized with donor funds. The main donors that support the implementation of
employment policies are: “United Nations Development Program (UNDP), the European
Commission, the Government of Switzerland, Pristina Municipality" (DLE, 2007-2012:
20). In addition, also in theoretically aspect are identified even services offered by the
REC for young jobseekers. Services offered are several. First, identification of jobseekers.
So "REC compile and maintain a register for youth registered as jobseekers" (MLSW,
2012a: 5). Second, RCE offer two types of counseling for young jobseekers: “Professional
counseling for employment and career guidance” (MLSW, 2012a: 5). Third, employment
mediation. REC advisors through labor market research reach to realize even "...
preparation and employment mediation” (Ibid). Fourth, providing information on labor
migration (For more about migration and consequences, see: Traø, 2006: 202). This
service is provided by employment Counselors and Migrant Service Centre operating
within the DLE. In the center you can find "Information on job opportunities and study
abroad as well as procedures for obtaining visas, work permits and residence permits,
accessing to the health care system and education abroad as well as other information that
you need while you think to move abroad” (MLSW, 2012a: 5). Despite the policies and
services provided, REC directors again are moderately satisfied with the policies and
services that offer for young jobseekers. Kosovo is known as the country with the youngest
populaton in Europe. So more than 70 percent of its populaton is under the age of thirty
five. The people aged from 15 to 24, 55.3 percent were unemployed and the rate is
pronounced higher to the young females with an unemployment rate of 63. 8 percent than
to the young males with an unemployment rate of 52.0 percent. In the coming five years
approximately 200,000 youngsters will reach working age and will begin searching for
jobs (Myha, 2013: 1). This format of the theoretical data is constructed based on empirical
data which we will bring as following.
Policies, Programs and Prospects for Youth Employment in Kosovo
101
The empirical part
To the empirical part we will bring concrete facts and data about the focus group,
statistics, the number of unemployed young people who benefit from employment
policies, services that are offered and opinions of REC directors . In addition, we will
formulate opinions by the logic of critical thinking.
Focus group
Initially, we organized a focus group. The purpose of this focus group was to
explore the issues that young people consider as important to explore regarding policies,
programs and projects for employment which are offered by the public employment
service. The topic of discussion was: employment experiences in relation to public
employment services. Focus Group is composed of ten (10) participants. The discussion
took fifty (50) minutes. Participants were from the age eighteen (18) to twenty (24) years.
From them have been five (5) men and five (5) women. Five (5) participants were from
Pristina region, while five (5) participants from other regions. The meeting was moderated
by the author of this paper. From discussions held with focus group emerged these
problematic issues: registration – some participants are not registered at Employment
Offices; limited possibilities – participants are concerned about the number of candidates
who benefit from policies, programs and projects by region; lack of knowledge – some
participants have concluded that have lack of knowledge about policies, programs and
projects of youth employment; variable of age – participants have discussed regarding to
which age is given more priority in employment; bureaucracy – participants had no
knowledge of the internal organization of the Employment Offices. In order to address
these concerns, we have oriented the research in finding the answers to these questions:
What is the number of young people registered as jobseekers? What are the policies,
programs and projects for youth employment and what is the number of beneficiary
candidates? What policies, programs and projects provides REC in Pristina regarding to
youth employment? What is the number of employees of this category compared to the
other categories of jobseekers? What services REC provide and how to access the use of
these services? Initially, we will examine the reply to the first question.
Registration as jobseekers
According to statistics of REC the number of young people registered as
jobseekers remains high. A typical trend based on statistics presented in Figure 1 is the
increasing number of young people registered as jobseekers. General characteristic is that
in 2013 the number of registered unemployed youth in REC is several times greater than
in 2012 or 2011. Except the REC - Gjilan in which case the number of unemployed is
lower in 2012 to be raised again in 2013. The main reason for this growth is the public
information campaign realized with the help of Lux's Devolpment related to activities and
opportunities offered by the REC. As seen from the data presented, REC of Prishtina and
REC of Prizren have the largest number of young people registered as jobseekers (over
700), it's because these two regions have the largest number of population. While RECof
Peja and REC of Gjakova have small number of young people registered as jobseekers
(near 400).
Ylber Aliu
102
Figure 1. The number of young people registered as jobseekers at the Public
Employment Services
Source: Obertinca, Z, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Prishtina), date:
06. 12. 2013; Shabani, K, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Ferizaj), date: 04. 12.
2013; Aliu, Xh, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Gjilan), date: 03. 12. 2013; Elezi,
F, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Gjakova), date: 05. 12. 2013; Dema, B, answers
given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Peja), date: 02. 12. 2013; Hajrrullah, H, answers given in
the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Prizren), date: 07. 12. 2013; Bekteshi, S, answers given in the
questionnaire sent by email (REC-Mitrovica), date: 04. 12. 2013.
If we look at youth unemployment in the region, it appears that even countries in
the region have a high rate of youth unemployment. As seen from Figure II, Albania has
the largest number of young people registered as jobseekers or unemployed, then comes
Serbia and Macedonia which has the lowest number. So, unemployment remains
phenomenon and challenge of all countries in the region.
Figure 2. Youth unemployment in neighboring countries in 2009
Source: Development Programme of the United Nations in Kosovo (UNDP), the project document,
Active Programs of Labour Market 2, Pristina, 2013. F-3
But, if we look at the logic of critical thinking, it appears that state institutions
should develop policies that promote the economic development same in the whole
territory. Balanced economic development stimulates the same youth employment.
Different from the economic development level varies from region to region, policies for
0
200
400
600
800
2011
2012
2013
42,50%
27,70%
30,80%
Albania
Macedonia
Serbia
0,00% 10,00% 20,00% 30,00% 40,00% 50,00%
Sales
Policies, Programs and Prospects for Youth Employment in Kosovo
103
youth employment are largely the same. But differ in terms of number of candidates
engaged.
In the regional context it should be noted that, “All Western Ballkan contries,
after the shock of transition, slowly are recovering and intentions and measure to reduce
the number of workers in employment office are rising” (Jashari et. al., 2014: 1). So,
“Macedonia claims that unemployment has decreased to 29 % in contrast to 21 % in Serbia
and Bosnia, and Kosovo, Albania still have high figured. But, will public employment
policies and a range of measures, among the which most common are employment under
temporary contracts, reducing unemployment among young people, women, social cases
of handicapped people yield results” (Ibid). And, “According to these logics of
employment policy and labor movement and the labor market, changes in the labor
market, the logic is imposed when Western Balkan countries will join the EU and
replaces the labor force with worker from Afghanistan, Bangladesh of Eritrea?”( Jashari
et. al., 2014: 1).
While, in the context of the European Union, “The developments in Europe in
relations to youth employment over the past four years can only be described as a
cataclysmic failure on behalf of decision – makers with regards to youth people”
(European youth forum, p-4). This is because “The issue of long term unemployment
(LTU) is now one of paramount concern for young people. LTU can have a profound
impact on the personal devolpment of young people, as well as societes in which they
live” (European youth forum, p-4). Then “Althugh youth unemployment has been
traditionally higher the adult rate, in the intractability of the current youth uneployment
crisis has resulted in un precedented rates of LTU, which has increased by 3. 7 % among
young people since 2008, compared whith an increase of 1. 8 % for the adult population”
(European youth forum, p-4).
Policies, programes and projects
Despite all REC have policies, programs and projects for youth employment
dynamics and the number of candidates involved varies from region to region. The main
criterion is the number of population in the region. Respectively the number of young
people registered as jobseekers. REC - Pristina has the largest number of candidates
engaged in any policy, program and project. For example, in the project funded by the
European Commission, 'Training on the job' Kosvet VI, "REC of Prishtina has engaged
four hundred (400) jobseekers" (European Union Office in Kosovo, 2013: 2). While all
other REC share the same number of candidates engaged in practice at work and on the
job training.
Table 1. Types of policies, programs and projects for youth employment and the
number of unemployed young people who are engaged in 2013
TYPES OF POLICIES AND THE NUMBER OF BENEFICIARIES BY REGIONS
Regional Employment
Center
Active labor o
f market
for employment
generating for youth -
UNDP
Job training, Kosvet VI
REC
–
Prishtina
51
400
Ylber Aliu
104
REC
–
Ferizaj
27
200
REC
–
Gjilan
21
200
REC
–
Mitrovica
39
200
REC
–
Pej
ë
21
200
REC
–
Gjakova
21
200
REC
–
Prizren
27
200
Source: Obertinca, Z, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Prishtina), date: 06. 12.
2013; Shabani, K, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Ferizaj), date: 04. 12. 2013;
Aliu, Xh, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Gjilan), date: 03. 12. 2013; Elezi, F,
answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Gjakova), date: 05. 12. 2013; Dema, B, answers
given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Peja), date: 02. 12. 2013; Hajrrullah, H, answers given in
the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Prizren), date: 07. 12. 2013; Bekteshi, S, answers given in the
questionnaire sent by email (REC-Mitrovica), date: 04. 12. 2013
While Chart 2 presents the policies, programs and projects for youth employment
that are applied in the constant form from REC. There are three policies, programs and
projects which are implemented by the REC: job training, work practices and professional
training. Professional training is provided through a network of the Professional Training
Centres distributed in eight key centres of the state. Except the REC of Prishtina which
offers two job training projects. While all other REC have similar characteristics regarding
to policies, programs and projects for youth employment, respectively offers a job training
project, a project in work practice and professional training. The following charts presents
the policies, programs and projects for youth employment which are implemented by the
REC.
Table 2: Employment policies which are provided by the REC
POLICIES, PROGRAMS AND PROJECTS FOR YOUTH EMPLOYMENT THAT
ARE IMPLEMENTED BY REC
Regional Employment
Center
Policies
Comments
REC
–
Prishtina
視 Job training
視 Practice at work
視
Professional training
視 2 job training projects
視 1 practical project at
work
REC
–
Ferizaj
視 Job training
視 Practice at work
視
Professional training
視 1 job training project
視 1 practical project at
work
REC
–
Gjilan
視
Job training
視
1 job training project
視 Practice at work 視 1 practical project at
work
Policies, Programs and Prospects for Youth Employment in Kosovo
105
視 Professional training
REC
–
Mitrovica
視 Job training
視 Practice at work
視
Professional training
視 1 job training project
視 1 practical project at
work
REC
–
Peja
視 Job training
視 Practice at work
視
Professional training
視 1 job training project
視 1 practical project at
work
REC
–
Gjakova
視 Job training
視 Practice at work
視
Professional training
視 1 job training project
視 1 practical project at
work
REC
–
Prizren
視 Job training
視 Practice at work
視
Professional training
視 1 job training project
視 1 practical project at
work
Source: Obertinca, Z, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Pristina), date: 06. 12.
2013; Shabani, K, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Ferizaj), date: 04. 12. 2013;
Aliu, Xh, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Gjilan), date: 03. 12. 2013; Elezi, F,
answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Gjakova), date: 05. 12. 2013; Dema, B, answers
given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Peja), date: 02. 12. 2013; Hajrrullah, H, answers given
in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Prizren), date: 07. 12. 2013; Bekteshi, S, answers given in the
questionnaire sent by email (REC-Mitrovica), date: 04. 12. 2013
REC project -Prishtina
Also, REC - Prishtina realizes another project, 'job training', with financing of the
Municipality of Prishtina, in which case, every year "are mediated twenty-nine (29) new
jobseekers in public companies, private or state institutions" (MLSW. 2013b: 2). Training
or instruction given to individuals in the work setting to assist in developing the skills and
knowledge necessary to carry out work. On the job training practices are normally carried
out during working hours, involves both formal and informal training initiatives, and is
usually conducted by staffs who are more experienced in a particular process, skill, or
knowledge area. The number of candidates involved in this project has been largely the
same in the last three years. For example, in 2011 and 2012 this number was the same
twenty-seven (27), while in 2009 this number increased to twenty-nine (29).
Ylber Aliu
106
Figure 3: The number of candidates involved in the project, "Training at work ', REC -
Prishtina, in 2011, 2012, and 2013
Source: Obertinca, Z, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Pristina), date: 06. 12. 2013
Although REC of Prishtina has the largest number of unemployed youth engaged
in policies, programs and projects for youth employment, youth at the country level have
priority over all other age groups of society in terms of employment.
Employment – variable of age
Generally from three thousand one hundred and seventy-eight (3178) candidates
involved in all active projects and programs in the labor market, one thousand seven
hundred and forty-seven (1,147) belong to the age group 18-24 years in 2013. So, in
comparison with all ages of society, priority in engagement in policies, programs and
projects of employment has age group 25-39 years, and the age group 18-24 years. The
same trend should be noted that is followed from 2009. Figure 4 below shows the trend of
hiring jobseekers in policies, programs, and employment projects from 2009 to 2013 by
age group.
Figure 4. Number of jobseekers engaged in programs and active labor market in 2013
by age group
Source: Department of Labor and Employment. (2009) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2010) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
26 26,5 27 27,5 28 28,5 29 29,5
The number of jobseekers
2013 2012 2011
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
4000
Age group 18 - 24 Age group 25 - 39 Age group 40 - 54 Age group 50 +
2009 2010 2011 2012 2013
Policies, Programs and Prospects for Youth Employment in Kosovo
107
Department of Labor and Employment. (2011) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2012) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2013) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
But, if we look at by the logic of critical thinking there are several main criticism.
First, the growing number of jobseekers youth engaged in policies, programs and projects
for youth employment. Second, to expand policies, programs and projects for youth
employment. For example, to have programs and projects that support the enterprise (self-
employment). Currently, this policy does not apply any REC (MLSW. 2012d: 3).
Despite it all REC offer similar services for young jobseekers.
Services
Besides policies, programs and projects for youth employment, REC also offer
services for young jobseekers. Services offered by RCE are: identification as jobseekers;
employment counselling; career Counselling; counselling for training; and providing
information on migration.
Figure 5: Services offered for young jobseekers and schemes of offering these services
Source: scheme prepared by the author
But, if we look at by the logic of critical thinking, then come some criticsm. First,
the REC "... should provide services exclusively for young jobseekers" (Koro, L.
2013:13). Second, the RCE should keep records profiled for young jobseekers. Not to
keep general records (If we look at the practice of other countries, for example, of
Slovenia, then we see that the Public Employment Service in this country, keeps records
profiled for jobseekers. For more see: Employment Service of Sllovenia. 2010: 20-32).
Client
Information Office
(Customer
Orientation)
Identification as
jobseekers
counsultation
-for job
-for career
-for training
Information on
migration
Internal labour market
Migratio
n for
work
Professional
Training
Centre
Ylber Aliu
108
Third, "Increased levels of employment and professional training establishment at the
request of the labor market" (MLSW. 2012-2014. 2012c: 16).
Besides these operational services, RCE's and Office of Employments also offer
other services that are important for labor market. These other services are: information
on conditions and employment opportunities; market work research; inssurance of
certificates for job seekers; support for self-employment; preparation for successful
interviewing” (MLSW, 2012b: 2); acceptance of applications for the issuance of work
permits for foreigners. Applications are accepted from RCE's and OE's, while decisions
are issued by the Department of Labor and Employment. This service is offered until the
end of March, and now is the purview of the Ministry of Internal Affairs; accepting
applications for maternity leave. Applications are accepted from RCE's and OE’s, and
decisions issued by the Department of Labor and Employment (See annual reports and see
website MLSW, part for DLE).
While services training, which are for unemployed and jobseekers persons
through Vocational Training Centres, are professional training which are offered free of
charge. These training (which will be listed besides the main training offered, we will
examine the modules offered in some of the main training which are most attended by job
seekers and the unemployed): business administration. Modules offered within this
training are: "introduction to business administration, communication and business
management, preparation of marketing and sales, financial management in small
businesses, keeping accounting books" (MLSW 2012c: 2); information technology;
administrative assistant; accountability; graphic design; entrepreneurship - modules
offered within this training are: "The idea of business, market analysis, stoc, costs,
distribution, business plan" (MLSW, 2012c: 3); makery; waiter - modules offered within
this training are: "Health and safety, organizing the counter, preparing the location,
preparing beverages, servimit methods, service and communication" (MLSW, 2012c: 3);
wiring electric; woodwork; building; metal welder; servicing of office equipment and ICT
network; electric auto - installation of water and central heating; plastering; paving tiles
and clothing; maintenance of industrial electronic equipment; cook; textile; use computer;
agri-food technology; self employment; the electrical installations in civilian homes;
hydraulics and pneumatics; industrial electronics; repairman technique of household;
tourism; hairdresser; processing milk products.
Satisfaction with services offered
Despite the offering of these services, REC directors are not satisfied with their
activities in function of young jobseekers. When we asked, 'How many are satisfied with
the services provided to young jobseekers', the majority responded that they are 'average
satisfied'. The rest responded that they were 'slightly satisfied'. While, only one responded
that it is 'Very satisfied'.
Policies, Programs and Prospects for Youth Employment in Kosovo
109
Figure 6: Opinions of Directors of REC related to policies that they offer to young
jobseekers
Source: Obertinca, Z, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Prishtina), date: 06. 12.
2013; Shabani, K, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Ferizaj), date: 04. 12. 2013;
Aliu, Xh, answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Gjilan), date: 03. 12. 2013; Elezi, F,
answers given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Gjakova), date: 05. 12. 2013; Dema, B, answers
given in the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Peja), date: 02. 12. 2013; Hajrrullah, H, answers given in
the questionnaire sent by email (REC-Prizren), date: 07. 12. 2013; Bekteshi, S, answers given in the
questionnaire sent by email (REC-Mitrovica), date: 04. 12. 2013.
But, if you look at by the logic of critical thinking, note that, the REC lack the
framework of performance measurement for youth employment. As Slovenia has.
Performance measurement framework "consists of the following elements ...: (i) setting
targets, (ii) performance measurement and (iii) systematic control / feedback on
performance” (Koro, 2013: 13). So, "These are used as instruments REC management to
monitor the activities of employment offices and their staff and to ensure efficiently
delivery of programs and services” (Ibid). Also, the REC should invest more in providing
services in electronic form for youth. Furthermore, we propose to use the model of Austria
which "... is a model example for active policies for youth” (Public Employment of
Austria, 2012: 31).
General statistics
General statistics regarding registration as unemployed, employment and
training, in terms of ethnic communities in Kosovo. The number of citizens registered as
unemployed or job seekers, mediate in employment and vocational training, through
employment offices.
Table 3: General data on registration, employment and vocational training for
Albanian, Serbian and other communities
GENERAL TABLE
Registration
Viti
Albanian
Serbian
Other minorities
2004
259.713
8769
13.865
2005
291.092
11
.635
27.298
2006
303.224
13.063
29.551
2007
305.524
13.371
30.411
2008
307.934
13.098
30.600
2009
306.221
13.055
29.705
1
4
2
Very satisfied Average satisfied Slightly satisfied
Satisfaction of REC directors with policies for youth people
Ylber Aliu
110
2010
305.400
13.021
16.839
2011
295.550
12.810
16.901
2012
232.223
12.397
14.721
2013
239.813
12.865
15.426
Employment
2004
46
69
372
573
2005
5193
357
313
2006
5811
182
272
2007
5438
91
279
2008
6121
211
60
2009
6303
158
505
2010
6157
183
447
2011
6701
274
509
2012
6668
356
668
2013
4248
248
233
Vocational Training
2004
2992
52
116
2005
3476
180
272
2006
3021
38
57
2007
2842
0
55
2008
3185
41
107
2009
2889
51
112
2010
3064
242
176
2011
3264
66
185
2012
3055
44
131
2013
3147
60
143
Source: Department of Labor and Employment. (2004) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2004) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2005) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2006) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2007) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2008) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2009) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2010) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2011) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2012) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T;
Department of Labor and Employment. (2013) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
Conclusions and recommendations
Analyzed of what was said above, we conclude and recommend that: 1. Kosovo
has policies, programs and projects for youth employment, but they are not enough. We
recommend to increase government funding in order to increase the policies, programs
and projects for youth employment, in order to engage a greater number of young
jobseekers; 2. youth unemployment remains very high in Kosovo. The number of young
people registered as jobseekers at REC increased from 2011 to now. We recommend to
organize more public information campaigns so that young jobseekers to attend more
public employment services; 3. services that are provided for young jobseekers are:
evidence of young jobseekers, employment consultations, career counsultation,
Policies, Programs and Prospects for Youth Employment in Kosovo
111
counsultation for professional training, mediation in employment and offering of the
information on migration. We recommend to increase the quality of the offering of these
services; 4. regardless of policies, programs and current projects for young jobseekers and
services that are provided, REC directors are moderately satisfied. We recommend to
increase staff engagement of public employment services regarding to young jobseekers.
References:
Jashari, H. et. al. (2014). Employment Policy and the Labor Mobility in the Western Balkans.
Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, (6), November 2014.
European youth forum (2014). Policy Paper in Youth Employment, adopted by the Council of
Members, Brussels, Belgium, 19 – 20 april. Retrieved from:
http://www.youthforum.org/assets/2014/06/0166-13_PP_Employment_Final1.pdf.
Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. (2012a) The law No. 04 / L - 083 for registration and
evidence of unemployed and jobseekers. Pristina: Official newspaper of the Republic
of Kosovo, on date: 15 May, 2012.
Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. (2012b) The regulation for Active Programs of Labour
Market. Pristina: No data.
Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. (2012c) Professional Training Strategy 2012-2014.
Pristina: No data.
Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. (2013a) Labour Market Information for September.
Pristina: No data.
Ministry of Labour and Social Welfare. (2013b) Memorandum of Understanding signed
between the Department of Labor and Employment and the Municipality of Pristina.
Pristina: No data.
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Pristina: No data.
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and training schemes in companies and skills development in entrepreneurship.
Pristina: No data.
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data.
Institute for Development Research: Riinvest. (2013) Labour Market and Unemployment in
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Department of Labor and Employment. (2012) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
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Department of Labor and Employment. (2010) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
Department of Labor and Employment. (2009) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
Department of Labor and Employment. (2008) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
Department of Labor and Employment. (2007) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
Department of Labor and Employment. (2006) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
Department of Labor and Employment. (2005) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
Department of Labor and Employment. (2004) Annual performance report. Prishtina: K. G. T.
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Traø, K. M. (2006). Policy and Democracy (Politikk og Magkt, translated from the original:
Ermir Pulaha). Pristina: Rozafa. (Second edition, without data on the first year of
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Article Info
Received: January 3 2015
Accepted: August 9 2015
