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Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial activity and in vitro antioxidant investigation of methanolic extract of seeds from Helianthus annuus L
... The extract was made using the Subashini and Rakshitha (2012) method. For extract formation, about 20 g of shade-dried powder of selected plant parts including leaves and roots was mixed with 200 ml methanol, chloroform, and aqueous solution separately in the conical flask of 250 ml, and subsequently kept for 24 hrs in rotary orbital shaker at 150 rpm (rotation per minute) [38]. ...
... After the solvent was mixed for 24 h, the extracts were made by filtering the solvent through Whatmann Filter Paper No. 1 and allowed to dry for another 24 h in a hot air oven at 37 • C. Following that, the crude extracts (ME: Methanolic extract, CE: Chloroform extract, and AE: Aqueous extract) of all three solvents were separated and kept in the refrigerator at 4 • C for further chemical analysis [38]. ...
... The Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was used to determine the total phenolic content [38]. About 20 mg of required extracts were diluted to 1 ml with distilled water. ...
Medicinal plants have been exploited for therapeutic purposes since the dawn of civilization and have long been acknowledged essential to human health. The purpose of this research is to examine the scientific evidence for using the therapeutic herbal plants Thalictrum foliolosum DC. and Cordia dichotoma G. Forst. to treat hepatitis illness. The fundamental explanation for the therapeutic relevance of these plants is phytochemicals, which were evaluated qualitatively and quantitatively in three separate extracts with different solvent properties (methanol-polar, chloroform-non-polar, and aqueous-polar as one of the bases of traditional use). Flavonoids, phenols, tannins, saponins, and alkaloids were all evaluated for their presence in plant extracts, and it was observed that methanolic extract had the highest content of phytochemicals among different extracts whereas, the aqueous extract showed least amount of phytochemicals. Additionally, the antioxidant activity of these plants was also evaluated and methanolic extract was revealed with potential antioxidant activity, as also evidenced by the lowest half inhibitory concentration (IC50) values in the DPPH, ABTS, and high %inhibition in µM Fe equivalent of FRAP assays. Following that, the dominant phytochemicals were investigated using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography from the selected plants. Furthermore, default docking algorithms were used to appraise the dominant phytoconstituents for their in-silico investigation, in which rutin was found with the highest binding affinity (8.2 kcal/mol) and interaction with receptor which is further involved in causing jaundice. The receptor is infact an enzyme that is sphingomyelin phosphodiesterase Leptospira interrogans (PDB: 5EBB) which is holded back in its position by rutin and do not interact with Leptospira inferrogans spp which causes jaundice. Overall, the study suggested that these herbs have significant therapeutic properties, and their in-silico analysis strongly recommends further clinical investigations to get insight into the mechanisms of action in curing variety of diseases.
... Medicinal plants contain various phytochemicals that are used for treatment of various diseases. Antioxidants present in the plants play an essential role in protecting the cells and tissues against damage caused by reactive oxygen species [2]. ...
... The Seeds of Helianthus annuus have medicinal importance as diuretic, expectorant and also used for cough, throat and lung infections. Healing properties of seed oil of Helianthus annus are used in folk medicine for the treatment of bronchitis, diarrhea, scorpion stings and snakebite [2]. ...
... The fixed oil showed moderate antioxidant activity (52%) by DPPH radical scavenging assay and low lethality (LC 50 1570) Table 1. The methanolic seed extracts of Helianthus annuus had shown very significant DPPH (1, 1diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity compared to standard antioxidant Ascorbic acid [2]. The results concluded that the seed extracts of Helianthus annuus are a potential source of antioxidants of natural origin and have strong potential for use as natural antimicrobials in several applications requiring these properties. ...
... Tinctures of Helianthus flowers and leaves are used to treat malaria fever and bronchiectasis. It has also been reported that H. annuus roots are boiled and used as a hot bath in rheumatic pain (20,28,29). In Morocco, the roots and extracts of H. annuus have been reported to be used as hypoglycemic, gastrointestinal stimulant, diaphoretic, antihelmintic and emenagogue (30). ...
... Considering this ethnobotanical value of H. annuus L., there are several studies evaluating biological activities such as anti-inflammatory, antimalarial, anti-asthmatic, anti-diabetic, antihypertensive, anti-oxidant, anti-tumor, antioxidant, and antimicrobial (33). Many studies have been conducted on the isolation of chemical compounds responsible for biological activities belonging to H. annuus L. (20,29). Most of these studies were carried out using aqueous extracts from leaves or extracts obtained from solvents. ...
... However, there are no many studies about antibacterial properties of H. annuus against P. aeruginosa. The methanol extracts of H.annuus seeds were reported to be effective against some Gram-negative bacteria, and Gram-positive bacteria (29). In another study, H.annuus seed oil was found to be successful against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Bacillus subtilis and Candida albicans (42). ...
... However, Erener, et al. [8] found that dietary supplementation of black cumin seeds or its extract had no significant effect on coliform count in broiler meat. The results were also agreed with Subashini and Rakshitha [9]; Auwal, et al. [10] who reported that MORS seeds have antimicrobial effects on E. coli and with Abd El-Moez, et al. [11] who reported that moringa leaves had in vivo antimicrobial effects on E. coli. It has been stated that phenolic components were chiefly responsible for the antibacterial activities of essential oils [12]. ...
... The result disagreed with Salem [18] and Mori, et al. [19] who reported that BS has an antimicrobial effect on multi-antibiotic resistant organism including gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, respectively. SFS effects in the present study results was disagreed with Subashini and Rakshitha [9] who evaluated the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of SFS. On the basis of the results of antibacterial activity analysis, the seeds extract shows high sensitivity to Salmonella typhi, the results were disagreed with study of Mhaskar, et al. [20] who reported that crude extract from CLIS seeds shows antibacterial activity against S. typhi. ...
... The treated mice shows 100% inhibitory effect compared with the control mice who received saline. The result was also, in agreement with Subashini and Rakshitha [9] who reported that polar oil from SFS shows antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, the results were disagreed with study of Mhaskar, et al. [20] reported that crude extract of CLIS shows anti-bacterial activity against S. aureus. The results were in agreement with Auwal, et al. [10] who reported that MORS had antimicrobial effects and concluded that the minimum inhibitory concentration of the extract for all sensitive isolates is 100 mg/ml and 50 mg/ml as minimum bactericidal concentration of the extract on Staphylococcus aureus. ...
The aim of the study is to evaluate the in vivo antimicrobial effect of some natural products, that include seeds of: Black cumin Fenugreek, Moringa olefera, Clitoria ternatea, Sunflower and Vit E on broiler meat keeping quality. One hundred and five one day old male chicks were used. They were allotted to 7 treatments with 3 replications each in CRD design .The chicks were fed balanced rations supplemented with tested seeds and Vit E. In vivo antimicrobial effects of tested seeds were measured using the serial dilution method on chickens breast samples at fresh, - 4oC and at – 20oC for 30 days. The tested seeds had an in vitro antifungal and antimicrobial effect on Gram + ve and Gram -ve bacteria. The in vivo antimicrobial effects of tested seeds showed no significant at fresh and -20oC storage conditions; however, there was a significant difference among treatments at – 4oC-storage condition. Nevertheless, there was a significant difference among storage conditions. Generally, the results demonstrated that the tested seeds can be used as an in vitro antimicrobial natural source.
... Medicinal plants contain various phytochemicals that are used for treatment of various diseases. Antioxidants present in the plants play an essential role in protecting the cells and tissues against damage caused by reactive oxygen species [2]. ...
... The Seeds of Helianthus annuus have medicinal importance as diuretic, expectorant and also used for cough, throat and lung infections. Healing properties of seed oil of Helianthus annus are used in folk medicine for the treatment of bronchitis, diarrhea, scorpion stings and snakebite [2]. ...
... The fixed oil showed moderate antioxidant activity (52%) by DPPH radical scavenging assay and low lethality (LC 50 1570) Table 1. The methanolic seed extracts of Helianthus annuus had shown very significant DPPH (1, 1diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity compared to standard antioxidant Ascorbic acid [2]. The results concluded that the seed extracts of Helianthus annuus are a potential source of antioxidants of natural origin and have strong potential for use as natural antimicrobials in several applications requiring these properties. ...
... Medicinal plants contain various phytochemicals that are used for treatment of various diseases. Antioxidants present in the plants play an essential role in protecting the cells and tissues against damage caused by reactive oxygen species [2]. ...
... The Seeds of Helianthus annuus have medicinal importance as diuretic, expectorant and also used for cough, throat and lung infections. Healing properties of seed oil of Helianthus annus are used in folk medicine for the treatment of bronchitis, diarrhea, scorpion stings and snakebite [2]. ...
... The fixed oil showed moderate antioxidant activity (52%) by DPPH radical scavenging assay and low lethality (LC 50 1570) Table 1. The methanolic seed extracts of Helianthus annuus had shown very significant DPPH (1, 1diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl) radical scavenging activity compared to standard antioxidant Ascorbic acid [2]. The results concluded that the seed extracts of Helianthus annuus are a potential source of antioxidants of natural origin and have strong potential for use as natural antimicrobials in several applications requiring these properties. ...
The objective of the undergoing work is investigating antitumor therapy potential and
antioxidant capacity of Sudanese medicinal plants Helianthus annuus L. (Asteraceae),
Ricinus communis L. (Euphorbiaceae), Nigella sativa L. (Ranunculaceae), Sesamum
indicum L. (Pedaliaceae) and Balanites aegyptiaca (L.) Del (Zygophyllaceae) by studying
the plants seeds fixed oils for their cytotoxicity and antioxidant activity. This study was
conducted at the Sudan National Research Center, Medicinal & Aromatic Plants
Research Center, Khartoum, Sudan, in June-August, 2013. The five fixed oils cytotoxicity
was studied using Brine Shrimp Lethality and antioxidant activity by DPPH and Iron
Chelating Assays. Obtained results showed that Ricinus communis fixed oil has the
highest toxicity with LC50 1.7014, followed by Nigella sativa with LC50 606.2, when
analyzed by Finney Probit Analysis. Antioxidant activity results of the five fixed oils
measured using DPPH showed that Nigella sativa fixed oil showed high antioxidant
potential (85%), while Ricinus communis and Helianthus annuus fixed oils showed
moderate antioxidant activity (52%) and (51%) respectively. All of the fixed oils showed no
activity when using Iron Chelating Assay. Results justify the plants use in folkloric
medicine although dosages should be monitored for its safe use. Studies directed towards
identification of bioactive compounds are recommended.
... (Liu et al., 2015;Zheng, 2018). Em adição a isso, a semente de girassol além de ser uma importante fonte de nutrientes, minerais e vitaminas, apresenta uma importante ação antimicrobiana, onde já foi demonstrando ação inibitória variada do extrato da semente de Heliantus annus contra as espécies bactericidas e fungicas de Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis , Vibrio cholera , Aspergillus fumigates e Candida albicans (Subashini;Rakshitha, 2012). (Qasim et al., 2018). ...
... (Liu et al., 2015;Zheng, 2018). Em adição a isso, a semente de girassol além de ser uma importante fonte de nutrientes, minerais e vitaminas, apresenta uma importante ação antimicrobiana, onde já foi demonstrando ação inibitória variada do extrato da semente de Heliantus annus contra as espécies bactericidas e fungicas de Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis , Vibrio cholera , Aspergillus fumigates e Candida albicans (Subashini;Rakshitha, 2012). (Qasim et al., 2018). ...
Este estudo objetivou analisar o efeito do extrato de Helianthus Annuus (AgNP@Ha) na síntese de uma nanopartícula de prata e avaliar sua ação antimicrobiana contra bactérias gram-positivo, gram-negativo e fungos. A produção da nanopartícula foi realizada em agitação sobre uma chapa magnética aquecida até a configuração total da nano, ao final foi utilizado o extrato para a estabilização da mesma, o seu tamanho comprovado através do UV-VIS. A análise microbiológica foi feita em placa com medição do tamanho do halo inibitório formado. Obteve-se uma AgNP@Ha com diâmetros de partículas coloidais com variação de 422 - 414 nm (λmax 422 nm) com efeito de formação de halo sobre as linhagens de S. aureus (16 mm), E. coli (12 mm) e P. aeruginosa (10 mm), enquanto as AgNPs que não foram estabilizadas com o girassol não apresentaram o halo inibitório. Através desta pesquisa foi possível comprovar a melhoria da eficiência de ação e de produção ao se utilizar o extrato de girassol para a estabilização. A síntese de nanopartículas de prata utilizando o extrato das sementes de Helianhtus annuus promoveu uma abordagem mais amigável ao meio ambiente, simples, eficiente e com baixo custo para a obtenção de nanopartículas se tornando um excelente produto com potencial antimicrobiano para ser comercializado além de servir como subsídio para pesquisas posteriores.
... Methanol extract had sunflower phytochemicals such as terpene, glycoside, phenols, flavonoids, saponins and tannins (Akpor et al. 2019). A methanol seed extract has a promising impact on various pathogens due to its peroxidation inhibition properties (Subashini and Rakshitha 2012). Several reports mentioned that methanolic extract had an inhibiting effect on various races of salmonella typhi (Islam et al. 2016a,b;Subashini and Rakshitha 2012), whereas petroleum ether extract show sensitivity to the P. aeuregenosa (Islam et al. 2016a). ...
... A methanol seed extract has a promising impact on various pathogens due to its peroxidation inhibition properties (Subashini and Rakshitha 2012). Several reports mentioned that methanolic extract had an inhibiting effect on various races of salmonella typhi (Islam et al. 2016a,b;Subashini and Rakshitha 2012), whereas petroleum ether extract show sensitivity to the P. aeuregenosa (Islam et al. 2016a). The cytotoxic (LC50) effects of sunflower methanol extract were 1.2 µg ml −1 while petroleum ether had LC50 1.1 µg ml −1 (Islam et al. 2016a). ...
The exploitation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed and other parts for human nutrition, medicine and the industry Abstract: Sunflower is cultivated around the globe to meet various nutritional, medicinal and industrial needs. The seed is a rich source of edible oil, protein, vitamins, antioxidants and other micronutrients. It is considered a source of healthy diets and has been recommended to improve the human immune system as well as to cure various chronic diseases. Sunflower seed oil contained poly-unsaturated fatty acids (linoleic acid), tocopherols and phytosterols, which tends to lower low-density lipid and improve immunity against various human diseases. Its seed and plants parts have been directly exploited as a source of herbal medicine. Methanolic extract of seed and other parts contained diterpene, carboxylic acid, aldehyde, steroid, polyphenol, vanillic acid, ferulic acid, trans-caffeic acid, coumaric acid, nicotinic acid, allelochemical and other aromatic compounds, which may help to cure several chronic human diseases without side effects as mentioned in this review. Future research should be carried out to fully exploit the usefulness of this plant against epidemic outbreaks.
... Plant resulting diets have been used for their effective beneficial properties and have been in existence for several years for the treatment of diseases by traditional specialists. In Nigeria the use of herbal medicines is steadily growing, several substances from medicinal plants have biological activities (Subashini and Rakshitha, 2012;Falowo et al., 2014). The achievement level of current medication depends on the continuous search for natural drugs to overcome the encounters as a result of resistant strain bacteria challenges. ...
... Similarly, the ethanol extract of the stem is indicated to have inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Eschericha coli, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans (Alibe and Inuwa, 2012). In addition, the ethanol extract has been indicated to be effective in inhibiting the growth of Staphylococcus aureus, Aspergillus niger and Candida albicans, with Escherichia coli reported to be resistant to its inhibitory activity (Subashini and Rakshitha, 2012;Adetunji et al., 2014). Also, the antimicrobial activity of the aqueous and ethanol extracts of the leaves showed inhibition against Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumonia, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium and Micrococcus luteus . ...
... Flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, steroids, and carbohydrates have been found in earlier studies in various extracts (Düsterhöft et al. 1992;Subashini et al. 2012 annus (Glenn W. Chapman, 1987). Giudici also isolated a 16-kDa protein called SAP16 (2000). ...
The Asteraceae (formerly Compositae) family contains approximately 1600 genera, many of which are known for their phytochemistry and pharmacological properties. Helianthus annuus is one of the most important plants in this family, known for producing oil and playing an important role in the economies of countries. This plant’s traditional uses date back more than 3000 years. The plants are ethnomedicinally significant and contain a variety of alkaloids, terpenoids, carbohydrates, fixed oils, steroids, amino acids, and other compounds. An important point to emphasize in this book chapter is that plants are highly adaptable to various environmental conditions, making them easier to cultivate and yielding higher yields. There is a substantial literature on the plant, but as research-based knowledge grows, it must be updated, so we will attempt to update this plant’s information in terms of its traditional uses, phytochemistry, and pharmacology properties; the pharmacological properties of H. annuus were investigated using a variety of sources, including medicinal plant databases, ethnobotanical and ethnopharmacological books, and peer-reviewed papers. This book chapter delves deeply into the chemical, nutritional, and pharmacological properties of H. annuus.Keywords
Helianthus annuus
SunflowerAsteraceaeFatty acidsPhenolic acids
... Talele et al; 2012 reported that H. annuus seeds, roots and leaves are traditionally used in various regions for treating kidney disorders (10). It has also antiinflammatory (11), antioxidant (12) and anti-microbial (13) properties. This study aimed to determine the acute toxicity of H. annuus seed extract plus oil and its nephroprotective effect against gentamicin (GM) induced nephrotoxicity in male mice. ...
Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes a decrease in renal function which leads to failure in balancing electrolyte, fluid and acid-base homoeostasis. AKI is a damaging and life-threatening disorder, but it can be managed if identified earlier. This study aimed to investigate the possible nephroprotective effect of Helianthus annuus seeds extract against gentamicin (GM) induced nephrotoxicity in male mice. The control group (0.5 ml normal saline i.p.,), Gentamycin (GM) group (GM 100 mg/kg i.p), silymarin + GM group (silymarin 50 mg/kg and GM 100 mg/kg i.p.,), H. annuus extract (HAE) and GM, group (HAE 250 mg/kg and GM 100 mg/kg i.p), HAE2 + GM group (HAE2; 500 mg/kg and GM 100 mg/kg i.p) and H. annuus oil (HAO) + GM (HAO 2.5 ml/kg and GM 100 mg/kg i.p). Serum creatinine, urea and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were significantly (P< 0.001) elevated in the GM group compared to the control group. The elevated level of serum creatinine, urea and BUN were decreased significantly (P<0.001) in groups treated with HAE and HAO extracts compared to the GM group. The kidney histopathological study from the GM group showed tubular necrosis, vacuolation and fibrosis. However, the animal that received HAE and HAO showed no tubular necrosis and vacuolation. Only mild inflammation was observed compared to the GM group. In conclusion, the extract caused marked radical scavenger and protected the kidney from oxidative damage of GM. H. annuus seeds contain strong antioxidant compounds, including flavonoids, phenolic acids, tocopherols and minerals, which could be responsible for the current show.
... The antimicrobial activity of sunflower seed extracts may be due to the considerable amounts of phenolic compounds present in sunflower seeds [17]. The results obtained from this study are similar to previous studies which revealed antimicrobial activity of sunflower seed extracts against Staphylococcus epidermis, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Candida albicans, Staphylococcus aureus, and Proteus vulgaris [43]. Similarly, a study by [44] in Nigeria using sunflower seeds found that the seed extracts were able to eliminate various bacterial species from water. ...
Various plants have been used by humans for a very long time, and the uses vary, including food, medicine, toothpaste, dyes, food preservatives, water treatment, and beer brewing, among others. For food preservation and water treatment, the plant must have antimicrobial properties which are biocidal. For this research, extracts were obtained from sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds. The extracts were assessed for the presence of antimicrobial properties against three groups of bacteria, including faecal coliforms, total coliforms, and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Dosages of ground sunflower seeds ranging from 0.5 g to 4 g were administered to the three bacterial species and their susceptibilities to the antimicrobial agents were measured and recorded. The results indicate the presence of antimicrobial properties in sunflower. The antimicrobial activities were more effective on E. coli, with an average zone of inhibition of 12 mm with a 3 g dosage of sunflower seed extract. This was followed by total coliforms (11 mm) and lastly faecal coliforms (11 mm). These findings suggested that sunflower seeds proved to be potentially effective in treating water against microbial contaminants.
... (Liu et al., 2015;Tang;Zheng, 2018). Em adição a isso, a semente de girassol além de ser uma importante fonte de nutrientes, minerais e vitaminas, apresenta uma importante ação antimicrobiana, onde já foi demonstrando ação inibitória variada do extrato da semente de Helianthus annuus contra as espécies bacterianas e fungicas de Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis , Vibrio cholera , Aspergillus fumigates e Candida albicans (Subashini;Rakshitha, 2012 (Qasim et al., 2018). Semelhante à ação antibacteriana apresentada por nanopartículas de prata revestidas com glutationa, onde o efeito foi mais intenso em gram-negativas que em bactérias grampositivas (Taglietti et al., 2012). ...
A síntese de nanopartículas de prata vem despertando atenção, devido às suas propriedades e aplicações em vários campos da ciência. Essas nanopartículas podem ser produzidas por diferentes métodos utilizando a síntese verde (green synthesis). O que resulta na minimização do custo de produção das nanopartículas. Dessa forma, este trabalho teve como objetivo sintetizar nanopartículas de prata (AgNPs) estabilizada em extratos de girassol (Helianthus annus). A produção da nanopartícula foi realizada em agitação sobre uma chapa magnética aquecida até a configuração total da nanoparticula, ao final foi utilizado o extrato vegetal para a estabilização da mesma. As mesmas foram caracterizadas através do UV-VIS. A analise antimicrobiana das nanoparticulas foi feita em placa de petri com a medição do tamanho do halo inibitório formado. Obteve-se AgNPs a dimensão nos espectros de UV-vis em torno de 20 nanometros. Verificou-se através dos picos de absorção que variou - 414 nm a 422 nm (λmax 422 nm) que o extrato de Helianthus annuus foi capaz de estabilizar com efeito de formação de halo sobre as linhagens de S. aureus (16 mm), E. coli (12 mm) e P. aeruginosa (10 mm), enquanto as AgNPs que não foram estabilizadas com o girassol não apresentaram o halo inibitório. Através desta pesquisa foi possível comprovar que a síntese verde (SV), apesar ser um novo produto nanotecnológico com bases sustentáveis é uma excelente alternativa com uma alta reprodutibilidade e está de acordo com os princípios da química verde, apresentando-se como uma alternativa de baixo custo, eco-amigável e biocompatível na síntese de AgNPs. Além de servir como subsidio para pesquisas posteriores.
... As the G. mangostana extract was mixed with aqueous solution of 1mM silver nitrate it started to change colour to reddish brown due to reduction of silver ions; which indicates the formation of silver nanoparticles which is represented in (Figure 1A & B). The color turned to reddish brown and this change has been observed in several investigations (Khandelwal et al., 2010;Saxena et al., 2010) The results of phytochemical analysis of the extract and AgNps are shown in (Table 1), which indicates the presence of secondary metabolites such as Tannins, Saponins, Flavonoids, Proteins, Anthraquinones, Carbohydrates and Ascorbic acid, Phenol. The presence of phenolic compounds constitutes a major group of compounds that act as primary antioxidants which are mainly responsible for the reducing property of the extract (Obolskly et al., 2009). ...
Garcinia mangostana is a medicinal plant has been used for hundreds of years in Southeast Asia as a medicine for treatment of various medical conditions. Thus, the study planned to biosynthesize silver nanoparticles using aqueous fruit extract of Garcinia mangostana (G. mangostana) and to evaluate their antibacterial and antioxidant activity in vitro. The synthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were confirmed by color transformation and Ultraviolet-visible (UV-visible) spectrophotometry. The appearance of dark brown color and UV absorption spectra range at 430nm confirmed the synthesized silver nanoparticles. The Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis showed that the sizes of the synthesized AgNPs ranged from 30 to 50nm. These biologically synthesized AgNPs were tested for antibacterial activity against three human pathogens such as Escherchia coli, Pseudomonas auroginosa, and staphylococcus aureus. The obtained nanoparticles showed significant inhibitory activity on all bacterial species. The free radical scavenging activity was assessed by DPPH (1, 1-Diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl) assay. The biosynthesized AgNPs showed significantly higher antioxidant activity compared to G. mangostana fruit extract alone. It could be concluded that the synthesis of silver nanoparticles using aqueous fruit extract of G. mangostana helpful for the preparation of pharmacologically useful drugs.
... Plant secondary metabolites have proved to be an excellent reservoir of new medical compounds. Antioxidants play an important role to protect cells and tissues against damage by reactive oxygen species (Rajakannu et al. 2012). Number of in vivo and in vitro studies confirmed that the plant derived metabolites are the good source of anti-cancer agents (Krishnaveni and Ragunathan, 2012;Sushma et al. 2012;Sumitra and Krunal, 2013). ...
The present study was intended to examine the antioxidant, cytotoxicity, larvicidal potentials of B. sensitivum DC. The total phenolic content was determined by the standard method described by Siddhuraju and Becker (2003). The antioxidant activity of different extracts were determined using the stable radical DPPH, phosphomolybdenum and scavenging of hydrogen peroxide assays according to the standard method. In addition, the larvicidal and cytotoxic properties of the various extract of B. sensitivum were examined. Maximum amount of extractable total phenolics was observed in methanolic extracts of B. sensitivum (1399.84 ± 215.79mg GAE/g). The best free radical (DPPH) scavenging activity of B. sensitivum was observed in acetone extracts with IC50 value 30.12µg/ml. The methanolic extracts of B. sensitivum displayed the strongest phosphomolybdenum reduction (202.24 ± 11.44 g AA/100 g) compared to other tested extracts. The methanolic extracts of B. sensitivum showed highest larval mortality in terms of lethal concentrations for 50% mortality against Culex quinquefasciatus with LC50= 215.34 mg/ml. The methanolic extract of B. sensitivum displayed most effective at 90% mortality (LC90) of brine shrimp nauplii occurred at 66.34 mg/ml Conclusion: The present investigations suggest that methanolic and acetone extracts showed a good result of antioxidant, larvicidal and cytotoxic activity. It was found that the high rates of phenolic substances widely distributed in B. sensitivum.
... annuus. These phytoconstituents have been associated with biological effects of the plant like, antitumor [25], antidiabetic [26], antimicrobial [27,28], anti-inflammatory [29,30], antihypertensive [31], antiashmatic [32], antioxidant [33] and wound healing [34]. In Nigeria, Helianthus annuus leaves are boiled in clean water for 4-6 hours, allowed to cool for and its extract drank three times a day for two weeks for treatment of peptic ulcers. ...
Peptic ulcer disease is one of the most common gastrointestinal diseases worldwide. Its treatment is becoming increasingly difficult due to the implication of Helicobacter pylori and its increasing resistance to antimicrobial agents leading to a cyclical course of exacerbation and remission. This study evaluated the antiulcer effects of methanol leaf extract and fractions of Helianthus annuus. The crude extract was prepared by cold maceration with methanol. A portion of the extract (300 g) was partitioned with n-hexane, ethyl acetate and methanol to yield n-hexane (HF), ethyl acetate (EF) and methanol (MF) fractions respectively. The extract was subjected to oral acute toxicity (LD 50) and phytochemical studies. The antiulcer activity of the extract and fractions was evaluated in rat experimental ulcer models induced with aspirin, ethanol and histamine. Omeprazole and Tween 80 served as the standard drug and negative control respectively. Activities related to antiulcer properties such as effect on gastrointestinal transit and antimicrobial activities were investigated. Outcome measures were ulcer index, percentage ulcer protection, percentage gastrointestinal inhibition and antimicrobial potency. Ulcers induced by the three ulcerogens were significantly (p < 0.05) ameliorated by the extract and the fractions. The extract and fractions significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited gastrointestinal motility in mice. They exhibited potent antibacterial activity but were devoid of anti-fungicidal property. At a dose of 5000 mg/kg (p.o), the extract caused no obvious signs of toxicity or death in mice. Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of saponins, tannins, flavonoids, steroids, glycosides, terpenoids, as well as reducing sugars. The results show that the leaves of Helianthus annuus possess antiulcer properties with n-hexane fraction offering best ulcer protection. Cytoprotection, antispasmodic, as well as antibacterial actions may account for the mechanisms of the antiulcer effects.
... 25 mg of pure essential oil of Haplophyllum tuberculatum partially inhibited the growth of Escherichia coli, Salmonella choleraesuis, and Bacillus subtilis to the same extent as 0.10 microg of gentamycin sulfate. The oil also affected the mycelial growth of Curvularia lunata and Fusarium oxysporium in a dose-dependent manner but had no effect on the germination of their spores [560]. ...
Medicinal plants possessed antibacterial activities via many mechanisms, such as disruption of cytoplasmic membrane, inhibition of cell wall synthesis, inhibition of cell membrane synthesis, inhibition of nucleic acid synthesis, inhibition of energy metabolism, as well as inhibition of bacterial virulence factors, including quorum-sensing signal receptors, enzymes and toxins. Evidence of these molecular effects at the cellular level include inhibition of biofilm formation, inhibition of bacterial attachment to host ligands, and neutralisation of bacterial toxins. The current review highlighted the medicinal plants showed antibacterial activity with their spectrum and mechanisms of action.
... SFS extraction appeared to have (14.6 mm) as the highest inhibition zone on Salmonella typhi followed by CLlS (13 mm), MORS (12.5 mm) and BS (12.3 mm), while FENS had no effect on Salmonella typhi. Staphylococcus was sensitive to CLlS [20] who evaluated the antimicrobial activity of methanolic extract of SFS. On the basis of results of antibacterial activity analysis, the SFS extract shows high sensitivity to Sal- monella typhi, moderate sensitivity to Staphylococcus aureus and less sensitivity to for fungus, the extract of SFS. ...
Introduction: Medicinal plants may represent an alternative treatment for non-severe cases of infectious diseases as they serve as
possible source of new and cheap antibiotics.
Objective: The aim of the study is to evaluate the in vitro antimicrobial effects of some medicinal plants seeds including Black cumin
(BS) Fenugreek (FENS), Moringa oleifera (MORS), Clitoria ternatea (CLIS), Sunflower seeds (SFS using petroleum ether, methanol and
water extracts against some bacteria and yeast and mold strains.
Materials and Methods: The discs diffusion method and sensitivity test were used. Three pathogenic bacteria strains (Salmonella
typhi, E. coli and Staphylococcus aureus) and yeast and mold were obtained from Microbiology Laboratory of Faculty of Engineering
and Technology University of Gezira, Sudan. The mechanical extract of the tested seeds prepared at National Oilseed Processing
Research Institute University of Gezira (NOPRI) by using electric presser, while the methanolic and water extracts of the tested seeds
powder were prepared by socking 25 grams from each in 250 ml of methanol and water for three days, however the petroleum ether
extract was prepared by using the soxhlet.
Results and Discussion: The results showed that tested seeds (BS, CLIS, FENS, MORS and SFS) had an in vitro antifungal and antimicrobial
effect on Gram +ve and Gram -ve bacteria, Clitoria ternatea petroleum ether extract had the highest inhibition zone on the
tested microorganisms, even more than the commonly used antibiotics.
Conclusions: The tested seeds can be used as an in vitro antimicrobial natural source.
... Thereby researchers are developing enthusiasm for chemical composition of Helianthus annuus L. which indeed found the presence of proteins, calcium, carbohydrates, fats and ash content [3]. Apart from these, phytochemicals like flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, phytosterols, steroids and fixed oils were also reported in methanolic extracts of seeds of Helianthus annuus L. [4]. Caffeic acid, clorogenic acid and dicaffeoylquinic acid isolated from aqueous methanol extracts of sunflower are an addition to the list [5]. ...
Objective: This investigation includes characterization of phytochemicals from acetone extract of Helianthus annuus L. seeds responsible for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition revealed from in vitro and in silico approaches.Methods: Seed extract was qualitatively and quantitatively analysed for the presence of bioactive molecules. In vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition assays and kinetics studies for α-glucosidase were done. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) autography of extract was done to screen potent inhibitors and characterized by high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HR LC-MS). Characterized molecules were further used for in silico studies.Results: Qualitative investigation reveals the presence of flavonoids, glycosides, alkaloids, terpenoids, and steroids. Quantitative analysis for total phenolic content and total flavonoid content of the extract was 0.1±0.005 mg/ml GAE and 0.025±0.003 mg/ml QE respectively. Percent inhibition of α-amylase and α-glucosidase ascertained in presence of extract was 60.42±0.6 and 83.22±0.18 at 0.01 mg while 36.24±0.81 and 37.67±0.15 at 0.005 mg of extracts for both enzymes respectively. Kinetics studies of α-glucosidase inhibition illustrated the non-competitive type of inhibition. TLC autography inhibition patterns were characterized by HR LC-MS. Characterized molecules on docking revealed (6RS)-22-hydroxy-23,24,25,26,27-pentanor-vitamin-D3-6,19-sulfurdioxide-adduct, manoalide and 5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24,25,26-hexol as the best docked molecules with lowest binding energies of-12.5,-11 and-10.2 kcal/mol for α-amylase and-14.2,-11 and-11.2 kcal/mol for α-glucosidase respectively.Conclusion: Results clearly suggested that (6RS)-22-hydroxy-23,24,25,26,27-pentanor-vitamin-D3-6,19-sulfurdioxide-adduct, manoalide and 5β-cholestane-3α,7α,12α,24,25,26-hexol could be considered as lead molecules for the discovery of potent antidiabetic agents.
... Tannins, for example, form irreversible complexes with proline-rich protein, resulting in the inhibition of microbial cell protein synthesis. Sunflower seed extract antibacterial and antifungal activity is studied by determining the inhibition zone formed around the disc revealing various degrees of potency for inhibiting Salmonella typhi, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Vibrio cholera, Aspergillus fumigates, Rhizopus stolonifer, Candida albicans and Fusarium oxysporum [68]. Antibacterial and antifungal activity may therefore be due to extracted flavonoids, alkaloids, saponins, and tannins which are proven to be inactivate microbial adhesions, enzymes, and cell envelope transport proteins [69]. ...
The sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed and sprout is a ubiquitous crop with abundant nutrients and biological activities. This review summarizes the nutritional and medical importance currently recognized but under-researched concerning both seed and sprout highlighting the potential benefits of their phytochemical constituents including phenolic acids, flavonoids and tocopherols. Furthermore, the dynamic metabolite changes which occur during germination and biological activities are evaluated. The aim is to provide scientific evidence for improving the dietary and pharmaceutical applications of this common but popular crop as a functional food.
... Thereby researchers are developing enthusiasm for chemical composition of Helianthus annuus L. which indeed found the presence of proteins, calcium, carbohydrates, fats and ash content [3]. Apart from these, phytochemicals like flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, saponins, phytosterols, steroids and fixed oils were also reported in methanolic extracts of seeds of Helianthus annuus L. [4]. Caffeic acid, clorogenic acid and dicaffeoylquinic acid isolated from aqueous methanol extracts of sunflower are an addition to the list [5]. ...
In present study, different plant samples were extracted in different solvents based on their polarity. The obtained extracts which were later on screened for α-amylase inhibitory potential. The extracts with α-amylase inhibitory potential were afterwards examined for TLC profiling which revealed different band patterns of phytoconstituents. The extracts screened after TLC-Autography, were then tested out for presence of phytochemicals like proteins, carbohydrates, phenols and tannins, flavonoids, saponins, glycosides, steroids, terpenoids, alkaloids, phlobatannins, fixed oils and fatty acids. Subsequently, pos extracts were characterized by HRLC-MS which revealed presence of about 275 compounds. The obtained compounds were then screened for Lipinski rule of five which revealed 116 compounds to satisfy all the five rules. In silico analysis of all 116 compounds for α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition showed more or less inhibitory potential, where we found 15 compounds that showed binding energies less than -10 kcal/mol. Current work is focus on Phytochemicals and their interaction with glucosidase and amylase inhibitors as potential anti-diabetic agents.
... Medicinally the plant is used as food and medicine all around the world and most importantly the seeds are been used for the production of cooking and essential oil. Leaves, stem, flower and seed oil all possess active principle and plant has potent antioxidant and also possess antimicrobial [70,71], anti-inflammatory [72] and anticancer potential [73,74]. Traditionally the leaf paste is applied to wounds, swellings, and insect bites. ...
The traditional knowledge and use of medicinal plant species from the plant family Asteraceae was reviewed for the treatment of several types of cancers in Aizawl District, Mizoram, Northeast India. Traditional healers and patients suffering from various cancers in the study area were interviewed with the help of local translators to congregate the information for the use of medicinal plants against several prevalent cancers in this part of India. In the present review, we reported 22 plant species which were commonly used for the treatment of various cancers and ulcer. The most common used plant for the treatment of various cancers is Mikania micrantha followed by Ageratum conizoids. Leaves are the most common part used. The present review outlined the traditional information along with the major phytochemical compounds obtained from the listed plants which may be responsible for their traditional values in the selected study area. We hypothesized that the information could improve the traditional anti-cancer recipes and might contribute to a better national or international health system in future.
... In a review, Saini and Sharma [8] described the traditional uses of H. annuus like food and source of different disease treatment. It is used for antiaging [17], antidiabetic [22][23][24], antimicrobial activity [25,26], and antioxidant [19,27]. It also uses the other parts of this plant in the prevention of hepatic disease [28], nephrolithiasis [29], and heart disease [30]. ...
The concept of “clean food or green food” is very popular in the present lifestyle. The green sprouts have been an increase in consumers’ demands such as alfalfa (Medicago sativa), broccoli (Brassica oleracea), lentil (Lens culinaris), mung bean (Phaseolus aureus), radish (Raphanus sativus), soybean (Glycine max), sunflower (Helianthus annuus), and other seed sprouts that are usually eaten fresh or cooked for beverages, soups, appetizers, or main courses. Not only are the delicious menus but the sprouts also considered to provide health benefits. H. annuus is a folk remedy for chronic diseases such as bronchiectasis, cough, diarrhea, hypertension, infection, and rheumatism. Its phytochemical substances are alkaloids, carotenoids, flavonoid, minerals, oils, phenols, tannins, terpene compounds, and vitamins, which all of these contribute to its remedial properties. This review is an attempt to compile information on nutraceutical uses of sunflower sprout, H. annuus in the antioxidant property. © 2016 The Authors. Published by Innovare Academic Sciences Pvt Ltd.
... M: Diuretic, antinephritic, hepatic, stomachic, antiacid, antiulcerative, anthelmintic, astringent, antidiarrheal, antihaemorrhoidal, cardiotonic, febrifuge, expectorant, antitussive, antirheumatic, antigout, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticephalalgic, antidermatitis, antiseptic, vulnerary. Cytotoxic (El Zalabani et al. 2012), antimicrobial (Souza et al. 2004), antiviral (Wachsman et al. 1988), antiinflammatory (Souza et al. 2003 Antitumor (Yasukawa 1991;Pisha et al. 1995), diuretic, anti-inflammatory (Sosa et al. 2007(Sosa et al. , 2011, analgesic (Rondina et al. 2008 Antitumor (Skaudickas et al. 2009;Tsai et al. 2012), immunostimulant, antioxidant (Hudson 2012Mishima et al. 2004), antimicrobial (Canlas et al. 2010), antiviral (Pleschka et al. 2009), anti-cold (Nahas and Balla 2011), antiinflammatory (Yu et al. 2013 Antitumor, immunomodulatory (Plohmann et al. 1997), cytotoxic (Bader et al. 1996, antioxidant, antimicrobial (Giada and Mancini-Filho 2009;Subashini and Rakshitha 2012), antiviral ), antiinflammatory (Akihisa et al. 1996), analgesic (Rondina et al. 2008 Antitumor (Srivastava and Gupta 2007), immunomodulatory (Ghonime et al. 2011), antibacterial (Shikov et al. 2008, antifungal (Jamalian et al. 2012), antioxidant, hypoglycemic (Cemek et al. 2008 (Nayak et al. 2007). Antioxidant, antimicrobial (Souza et al. 2004), anti-inflammatory (Pérez-García et al. 1996), antinociceptive, gastroprotective (Figueredo et al. 2011, analgesic (Rondina et al. 2008), vulnerary (Schmidt et al. 2009 Antitumor (Yasukawa et al., 2002), antioxidant (Shukla et al. 2009), hypoglycemic (Chen et al. 2005), hypotensive (Liu et al. 2003), nephroprotective (Shivanna et al. 2013), immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory (Boonkaewwan et al. 2006), antimicrobial (Takaki et al. 1985), antiviral (Oliveira et al. 2013), contraceptive (Gil et al. 2008). ...
The present contribution includes 50 species of Asteraceae whose products are marketed with therapeutic and aromatic purposes in the conurbation Buenos Aires-La Plata, the largest metropolitan area of Argentina. For each species, the scientific and vernacular names, types of products and samples are given. The plant products comprise fresh plants or parts thereof, herbal products, tinctures, and dietary supplements, among others. The uses assigned and the effects scientifically studied are indicated. Also, the ethnobotanical value of the diverse plant products and their commercial circulation are discussed. Circulating products and their uses were studied, both in the restricted context of immigrant segments (Bolivian and Chinese), and in the broader context of general commercial circuit (health food stores, named locally 'dietéticas'). Botanical knowledge of immigrants segments is considered linked to their traditions, and botanical knowledge of general commercial circuit is regarded nontraditional. Research conducted is framed within the urban ethnobotany context. Specially, it addresses some relevant theoretical and methodological topics within discipline: composition of botanical knowledge in urban pluricultural scenarios (linked to traditions, nontraditional), the embodiment of this knowledge in actions (such as selection of products to consume), and the dynamic of changes in urban botanical knowledge (dispersion of products and uses in the commercial circuit and media).
... M: Diuretic, antinephritic, hepatic, stomachic, antiacid, antiulcerative, anthelmintic, astringent, antidiarrheal, antihaemorrhoidal, cardiotonic, febrifuge, expectorant, antitussive, antirheumatic, antigout, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, anticephalalgic, antidermatitis, antiseptic, vulnerary. Cytotoxic (El Zalabani et al. 2012), antimicrobial (Souza et al. 2004), antiviral (Wachsman et al. 1988), antiinflammatory (Souza et al. 2003 Antitumor (Yasukawa 1991;Pisha et al. 1995), diuretic, anti-inflammatory (Sosa et al. 2007(Sosa et al. , 2011, analgesic (Rondina et al. 2008 Antitumor (Skaudickas et al. 2009;Tsai et al. 2012), immunostimulant, antioxidant (Hudson 2012Mishima et al. 2004), antimicrobial (Canlas et al. 2010), antiviral (Pleschka et al. 2009), anti-cold (Nahas and Balla 2011), antiinflammatory (Yu et al. 2013 Antitumor, immunomodulatory (Plohmann et al. 1997), cytotoxic (Bader et al. 1996, antioxidant, antimicrobial (Giada and Mancini-Filho 2009;Subashini and Rakshitha 2012), antiviral ), antiinflammatory (Akihisa et al. 1996), analgesic (Rondina et al. 2008 Antitumor (Srivastava and Gupta 2007), immunomodulatory (Ghonime et al. 2011), antibacterial (Shikov et al. 2008, antifungal (Jamalian et al. 2012), antioxidant, hypoglycemic (Cemek et al. 2008 (Nayak et al. 2007). Antioxidant, antimicrobial (Souza et al. 2004), anti-inflammatory (Pérez-García et al. 1996), antinociceptive, gastroprotective (Figueredo et al. 2011, analgesic (Rondina et al. 2008), vulnerary (Schmidt et al. 2009 Antitumor (Yasukawa et al., 2002), antioxidant (Shukla et al. 2009), hypoglycemic (Chen et al. 2005), hypotensive (Liu et al. 2003), nephroprotective (Shivanna et al. 2013), immunomodulatory, antiinflammatory (Boonkaewwan et al. 2006), antimicrobial (Takaki et al. 1985), antiviral (Oliveira et al. 2013), contraceptive (Gil et al. 2008). ...
To achieve the purpose of this study 40 male college level volleyball players who were in various colleges of tehsil Devsar of district Kulgam, Jammu and Kashmir were randomly selected as subjects. The age ranged from 17-23. The selected subjects were divided into two groups and each group consists of 20 subjects, that is 20 subjects for experimental group and 20 subjects for control group.
The sun light, that gives the clean, fleckless and the cheapest energy which is an environmental friend; becomes the demand and on-call of the researchers in the last century. In this paper, the three natural dyes, namely, (Beta Vulgarize, Curcuma Longa and Vulgaris var. cicla) were successfully and swimmingly synthesized by dissolved in acetone solvent. The optical properties: absorbance, transmission, reflection, absorption coefficient and energy band gap were carefully and solicitously studied using ultraviolet visible spectrometer UV-VIS. The efficiency of dye sensitized solar cell DSSC was studied using an utilization IV characteristic for three natural dyes (Beta Vulgarize, Curcuma Longa and Vulgaris var. cicla), where the cell was fabricated and processed by coating a conducting proceeding substrate of (FTO) using a titanium dioxide TiO2. The power conversion efficiency was calculated and reckoned, which found to be [0.583, 0.539 and 0.285], respectively. The highest efficiency obtained or acquired from this DSSC sensitized by Beta Vulgarize which was 0.583%, and thus might be due to its concentrated, focussed dye and color.
The literary review is devoted to one-year-old sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) - an annual herbaceous plant of the genus Sunflower (Helianthus L.), widely cultivated in the USA, Argentina, Turkey, Romania, the Russian Federation, mainly with the aim of obtaining oil from seeds. Russia produces up to 20.3% of one-year-old sunflower, which is one of the country's main food and technical crops. It accounts for over 80% of the sown areas of oilseeds, which are concentrated mainly in the Altai Territory, the Volga Region, the North Caucasus and the Central Black Earth Region. The review summarizes the information of the scientific literature on the chemical composition, biological activity of biologically active substances contained in different parts of one-year sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The data presented in the review show a wide range of pharmacological effects of the plant Helianthus annuus L., including anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antibacterial, antiplasmodium, anti-ulcer, antihistamine, antidiarrheic, hypolipidemic, litholytic, nephrolytic, anxiolytic, antioxidant, anticancerogenic, A wide range of pharmacological activity is due to the rich chemical composition of roots, flowers, leaves of Helianthus annuus L., which are currently used mainly in folk medicine and are cheap, available raw materials, which are the waste of processing this actively cultivated agricultural crop in the Russian Federation, which provides prospects for developing quality standards of various parts of the plant Helianthus annuus L. and medicines based on them for implementation in the medical and pharmaceutical practice of our country.
Wound healing is a biological and biochemical process that restores damaged tissue's natural structure and functioning. Healing is a natural process in which the body heals itself from tissue damage. Healing takes a long time, and the risk of microbial infection is significant. Shortening the time it takes to heal or minimising the negative repercussions are two ways to improve the healing process. India has a long history of herbal medicine in its healthcare system. Several herbs and medicinal plants that have been found to be effective wound healers have been identified and prepared for wound therapy and management. Throughout history, several herbal preparations have been employed in the management and treatment of wounds. The purpose of this assessment is to highlight several medicinal plants from the Chandoli region that have been scientifically proven to be effective in the treatment of cuts and wounds as a wound healer.
Current work discusses the way of local and tribal people have used plants over the time to cure for their skin, hairs, face beauty and in physical aspect. In times of this industrialization, people prefer natural and herbal products for dryness, acne, anti-aging, hair and skin protection effects. This article presented a descriptive review on the plants used by local and tribal people of Chhattisgarh for their skin care, cosmetics purpose and describes how plants are currently used in personal care products. Plants such as Lawsonia inermis L., Terminalia chebula Retz., Terminalia ballerica (Gaertn.) Roxb., Hibiscus rosa-sinensis L., Azadirachta indica A.Juss. and many other are used in cosmetic industry for various purposes. The purpose of doing this work is to collect and spread the knowledge about the plants nearby that are used for cosmetics.
In this study, the combinations with Olea europaea (olive) oil of fatty acids of Punica granatum, Calendula officinalis and Helianthus annuus seeds to detect interactions on Escherichia coli, Enterococcus faecalis, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis were determined by antimicrobial checkerboard method. It was revealed that linoleic, oleic, palmitic and stearic acid were to be main component of O. europaea, C. officinalis and H. Annuus. By contrast, P. granatum seed oil contained more than 70% conjugated linolenic acids (CLnA), followed by linoleic acid, oleic acid, stearic and palmitic by using GC-FID. Exposed microorganisms to combinations with O. europaea oil of fatty acids of P. granatum, C. officinalis, H. annuus overnight, according to FICI (Fractional Inhibitory Concentration Index) interpretation model, remarkable IndE was observed as 71.43% against E.coli and 76.19% against S. aureus, B.subtilis, C.albicans while lower AntE noted as 28.57% against E.coli and 23.81% against S.aureus, B.subtilis, C.albicans.
Helianthus annuus has been widely used for its medicinal and nutritional properties. This study was aimed at assessing the ethyl acetate, n-hexane and methanol extracts of Helianthus annuus for antibacterial and antioxidant potentials. The phytochemical screening, total phenols, DPPH radical scavenging assay and nitric oxide radical scavenging activity were carried out following standard procedures. Preliminary screening of the antibacterial activities of the extracts was carried out on five bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis, E. coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae), using the agar-diffusion method. Growth rate studies in presence of the extract was investigated on two bacterial species (Bacillus subtilis and E. coli). The methanol extract was observed to inhibit the growth of the five bacterial species while ethyl acetate and N-hexane extracts showed inhibition against Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Extended lag periods of 5 – 6 h were observed when the Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli were grown in broth medium that contained the respective extracts. In broth medium with mixture of extract and ascorbic acid, there was no observed growth of the Bacillus subtilis and Escherichia coli throughout the 7 h incubation period. The total phenolics content of the extracts revealed concentrations of 6.66 ±0.45, 5.58 ±0.11 and 6.06±0.41 mg TAE.g-1) for the methanol, N-hexane and ethyl acetate extracts respectively. The DPPH radical scavenging assay results displayed gradual increase in percentage inhibition from the lowest to the highest concentration across all the standard groups, a similar trend was observed with the extracts, the ethyl acetate extract showed highest percentage inhibition amongst the other extracts. All the extracts showed high reducing power ability. The nitric oxide scavenging ability of the extracts showed constant increase with increase in concentration. Helianthus annus, it could be a good source of antimicrobial and antioxidant especially in a world where resistance to antibiotic has increasingly become a global concern.
Snakebite and scorpion sting are the most neglected public problems especially in the poor rural communities of South Asia including Pakistan. The frequency of snakebites and scorpion stings in Pakistan has increased tremendously due to destruction of habitats of snakes and scorpions as a result of deforestation and the consequent migration of these poisonous animals towards human settlements. The management of the frequency of snake bites and scorpion stings has been unsatisfactory in this region. In order to investigate and collect information from the inhabitants on the curative values of plants for treatment of snakebite and scorpion sting, an ethnobotanical survey of medicinal plants was carried out from September 2015 to July 2016 to document information from 14 villages of Namal Valley of District Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan. The Martin method was followed for collecting information from informants about the medicinal plants used for these poisonous bites. A total of 68 plant species belonging to 37 families and 61 genera was recorded. Information obtained included the common names and their families while photographs of all plants recorded were obtained using the Olympus digital camera. The plants documented were herbs (54%), shrubs (26%) and trees (20%). The family Solanaceae was found to be the most frequently used. The dominant plant part in the recipes obtained is the leaf (22%). The most frequently used mode of preparation in the recipes was the paste. Calotropis procera, Arisaema jacquemontii, Albizia lebbeck and Portulaca oleracea were the major medicinal plants recorded. The present study is the first ethnobotanical survey of the area and the first report of the medicinal plants used in the treatment of poisonous snake bites and scorpion stings among the indigenous communities of Namal Valley of District Mianwali, Punjab, Pakistan.
The possibility of using Helianthus annuus extractant (sun flower) as a
solvent for Rare earth elements ( REEs) extraction from its sulfate liquor for
their recovery has been studied. Several experiments were conducted to
determine the relevant factors affecting both the extraction and stripping of
the REEs from a synthetic solution. Under the optimum conditions, the
achieved REEs capacity has attained about 12 mg/g for the ethanolic
extractant via 10 vol. of ethanolic extractant, O/A ratio of 1:1 for a shaking
time 10 min. at the pH of 0.1. The optimum stripping conditions for REEs
content from the loaded ethanolic extractant using 1M NaCl /1M HCl were
aqueous to organic phase ratio (A/O) 1:3, stripping time 15 minutes and at
room temperature (25oC). From the prepared sulfate leach liquor of Abu
Zeneima raw material (South Eastern Sinai, Egypt), REEs has then been
recovered using the working ethanolic extractant under the previously
studied optimum conditions, with an efficiency of 82% The obtained strip
liquor was then subjected to precipitation using 20 % oxalic acid to
precipitate REEs as lanthanides oxalate. The obtained precipitate has been
confirmed using EDAX analysis.
Copy Right,
The possibility of using the sunflower Helianthus annuus extractant (HAE) as a solvent extractant for uranium from sulfate leach liquor has been studied. Several experiments were conducted to determine the relevant factors affecting both the extraction and stripping of uranium from a synthetic standard solution. At the optimum conditions, it was found that the maximum saturation capacity of the HAE attains about 33 mg/1g of the extractant for uranium. Kinetic characteristics of the loading process have been found to satisfactorily fitting to the pseudo-first-order equation. The obtained optimum conditions have also been applied to investigate the potentiality of the working HAE for extraction of uranium from an actual sulfate leach liquor of Abu
Ethnopharmacological relevance:
To best of our knowledge this is the first quantitative ethno-medicinal study with the aim of documenting the indigenous knowledge and practices of using plants for malarial therapy in Soon Valley, Khushab, Pakistan. In this Valley, malaria is among the major public health problems but, until now, the population still mostly relies on herbal medicine for treatment.
Materials and methods:
Ethno-medicinal data were documented from 63 informants by using semi-structured questionnaires and interviewing the informants about their knowledge of plants regarding malaria and related symptoms. Documented data were evaluated using the quantitative ethno-botanical indices of frequency citation (FC), relative frequency of citation (RFC), percentage of respondents having knowledge (PRK) and Jaccard index (JI).
Results:
A total of 70 plant species belonging to 62 genera and 34 families were recorded as anti-malarial in the study area. Solanaceae was found to be the most cited family with 7 species, followed by Fabaceae, Rutaceae and Lamiaceae with 5 species each. Ocimum americanum and Solanum incanum were the species with the highest relative frequency of citation (RFC = 0.25 each) and percentage of respondents having knowledge (PRK = 25.4% each), followed by Grewia tenax (RFC = 0.23, PRK = 23.8%), which indicates that these plants are the best species with anti-malarial properties. The most highly cited life form was found to be herbs (56%). The dominant plant part used in preparations were leaves (49%). The main mode of utilization was decoction (47%) followed by infusion (29%). In comparison, maximum similarity index is found in our study with JI (16.83) followed by (13.13). Similarity percentage of plants uses ranges from 0.81 to 16.83 while dissimilarity percentage varies from 0% to 17.65%.
Conclusions:
To the best of our knowledge seven plant species, viz. Withania coagulans, Fagonia cretica, Carthamus oxyacantha, Ehretia obtusifolia, Helianthus annuus, Olea ferruginea and Vitex trifolia, are reported from this region for the first time for the treatment of malaria. This first ethno-medicinal study highlights potential sources for the development of new antimalarial drugs from indigenous knowledge of medicinal plants found in the Soon Valley, Pakistan. Such investigations could be a subject for in vitro and in vivo anti-plasmodial screening to develope new plant-based antimalarial drugs and can also be evaluated for other biological activities and novel drug discoveries.
In the current investigation the traditional aqueous and ethanolic extraction products from leaves of Sphaeranthus indicus and flowers of Helianthus annus were evaluated for antibacterial activity against multi drug resistant (MDR) bacterial isolates from the clinical samples. Standard tube dilution and disc diffusion methods were employed to assess the antibacterial activity. The results showed, ethanolic sphaeranthus extract at a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 3mg/ml by tube dilution & 1.8 mg/ml by disc diffusion method inhibited the growth of MDR Staphylococcus and Klebsiella. Further the MDR E.coli and pseudomonas were effectively inhibited by the ethanolic extract of Helianthus at a concentration of 4 mg/ml and 2.5 mg/ml by tube dilution and disc diffusion methods respectively. The aqueous extracts of both the herbs showed a transient antibacterial activity against MDR staphylococcus isolate, while there was no observable activity against MDR E.coli, pseudomonas or klebsiella isolates. Collectively targeting the MDR isolates may pave a way for future class of drugs from natural products in way they have been extracted and used for generations.
Wound healing is an integrated cellular and biochemical process of restoring normal structure functions of damaged tissue. Healing is a natural phenomenon by which body itself overcome the damaged to the tissue but the rate of healing is very slow and chance of microbial infection is high. Improvement in healing process can be accomplish either shorten the time required for healing or to minimize the undesired consequences. India has a rich tradition of plant-based knowledge on healthcare system. Several herbs and medicinal plants proved to be a wound healers were identified and formulated for treatment and management of wounds. Various herbal products have been used in management and treatment of wounds over the years. The present review attempt to highlight some herbs and medicinal plants proved to be scientifically used for the treatment of cuts and wounds as a wound healer.
Solvent extraction, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic extraction (UE) was used for to extract phenolic compounds and amino acid from sunflower seeds. The influence of extraction process parameters (time, temperature, and the type of solvent (water and methanol) on the isolation of biological compounds was studied. The obtained extracts were qualitatively evaluated by chromatographic methods: HPLC, GC-MS, and spectroscopic methods: FT-IR, UV-VIS spectroscopy. It was shown that by microwave extraction were isolated free amino acids and phenolic compounds.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the antidiarrheal and antihistaminic activity of ethanolic extract of the leaves of Helianthus annuus L. at the dose of 250 mg/kg and 500 mg/kg body weight using castor oil induced diarrhoea model and gastrointestinal transit model for antidiarrheal activity and histamine induced bronchoconstriction on guinea pigs and microshock model on rabbits for antihistaminic activity. At various doses (250 & 500mg/kg body weight), the extract showed a remarkable antioxidant activity when compared to ascorbic acid. Results also confirmed that Helianthus Annuus L. decreases the severity of diarrhoea and possess the anti-histaminic potential to treat the allergic disorders.
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