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Charophytes of the Wielkopolska region (NW Poland): distribution, taxonomy and autecology
... Odnalezione ramienice uznane są za zagrożone wyginięciem w kraju (Siemińska i in. 2006) i należą też do rzadkich i zagrożonych w skali Wielkopolski (Gąbka 2009). Hildenbrandia rzeczna jest gatunkiem chronionym w Polsce (Rozp. ...
... W wielu przypadkach nie Tabela 1. Wykaz glonów makroskopowych i ich stopień zagrożenia na podstawie "Czerwonej listy glonów Polski" (Siemińska i in. 2006) i w Wielkopolsce (Gąbka 2009 Wykazano jednak odrębność składu florystycznego, frekwencji oraz głębokości występowania w badanych rzekach. Analizowany odcinek Wełny odznaczała się większą różnorodnością oraz zasobami gatunków charakterystycznych dla reofilnych warunków niż w przypadku Flinty. ...
... Spośród gatunków narażonych na wyginięcie (kategoria V) stwierdzono występowanie: Chara globularis, C. vulgaris, Hieribaudiella fluviatilis i Hildenbrandia rivularis. Chara globularis i C. vulgaris należą do zagrożonych wyginięciem w regionie (Gąbka 2009). Rzeka Wełna i Flinta są miejscem występowania 3 rzadkich lub zagrożonych roślin naczyniowych. ...
... Despite the fact that charophytes are supposed to be a typical component of clear, alkaline, and nutrient-poor lakes, some species also inhabit meso-eutrophic and eutrophic water bodies [6][7]. These types of lakes are more vulnerable to restoration treatments when taking into account an urgent need to implement the guidelines of the Water Framework Directive. ...
... The study was carried out in the peak of vegetation season (July) separately for aluminium coagulant -polyaluminium chloride The charophyte species involved in the experiment was C. hispida L. The species is widely distributed in Europe (frequent in Poland) as well as in North Africa and Asia. This is one of the largest representatives of the genus -its stem-like length can reach up to 200 cm [6]. In Central and Eastern Europe, it inhabits shallow eutrophic lakes and waters with slightly acidic pH, such as peatland exploitation ponds or humic waterbodies [25][26]. ...
... In Central and Eastern Europe, it inhabits shallow eutrophic lakes and waters with slightly acidic pH, such as peatland exploitation ponds or humic waterbodies [25][26]. C. hispida prefers alkaline and neutral waters with the calcium content between 17.0 and 167.0 mg Ca 2+ dm -3 [6], and proves capable of growing with a wide range of available light radiation [27]. Due to habitat requirements, which are characteristic for eutrophic lakes, C. hispida communities are strongly vulnerable to restoration treatments. ...
Iron sulphate and polyaluminum chloride are commonly used in water restoration to eliminate cyanobacteria bloom and improve water quality. Nevertheless, the influence of coagulants on water organisms remains insufficiently studied. The study involves the analysis of phosphate coagulants’ impact on calcium and magnesium concentrations in the Chara hispida community. The experiments were carried out in field mesocosms. The application of coagulants caused a decrease of pH and calcium carbonate and magnesium carbonate dissolution. Although the changes were proportional to the coagulant concentrations, the aluminum coagulant triggered more considerable disturbances. The highest dose of iron sulphate caused the precipitation of hardly soluble calcium sulphate and the elimination of part of calcium from biological circulation. The concentrations of magnesium in water increased only at pH <4.5 following the application of the highest dose of polyaluminum chloride. Shifts in the Ca-Mg equilibrium, which result in the disturbance of biogenic calcification, may affect charophyte metabolism and lead to the elimination of charophyte communities. Therefore, inactivation treatments using acidic coagulants in lakes with charophyte communities ought to be preceded by preliminary studies in order to determine the least harmful dosage for the ecosystem.
... -An increase of water fertility caused by nutrient intake, e.g., phosphorus, nitrogen (Herbst 1969;Freeman 1986;Krause-Jensen et al. 1999;Bricker et al. 2008;Pikosz and Messyasz 2016) -Stagnant waters with low flow rates (Chudyba 1965;Whitton 1970;Hard 1992;Thybo-Christesen and Blackburn 1993;Krause-Jensen et al. 1996;Stewart and Carpenter 2003;Pikosz and Messyasz 2015a) -Good light conditions (Lester et al. 1988;Berner et al. 1989;Krause-Jensen et al. 1996;Vergara et al. 1997;Dere et al. 1998;Ensminger et al. 2000Ensminger et al. , 2001Lenzi et al. 2013) -Stoneworts (Charales) -low concentration of nutrients, high water hardness (Pełechaty and Gąbka 2003;Gąbka 2007Gąbka , 2009Pełechaty 2005) In water ecosystems with elevated nutrient concentrations and proper physicochemical parameters (basic pH, good light conditions, high water temperature), diversified communities of filamentous green algae grow intensively, creating large mats. Research suggests that there is a correlation between water depth and transparency and the range of filamentous algae in the vertical transect of water (Lichtenthaler and Wellburn 1983;McGlathery et al. 1997;Hainz et al. 2009;Garcia and Aboal 2014;Pikosz et al. 2017). ...
... They are considered a very good indicator of aquatic environmental pollution. Stoneworts are attached to sandy or silty bottoms with rhizoids (Pełechaty and Gąbka 2003;Gąbka 2007Gąbka , 2009Pełechaty 2005). ...
Cosmopolitan taxa of freshwater macroalgae occurring in inland waters in mass are described with respect to their biology. One of their components is autecology, which concerns the relations of individual organisms to the various factors of their environment. The factors influencing the fluctuations of macroalgal populations (e.g., Cladophora, Oedogonium) and the formations of their life strategies as primary producers can inform us about the possibility of their use in various branches of industry.
... -An increase of water fertility caused by nutrient intake, e.g., phosphorus, nitrogen (Herbst 1969;Freeman 1986;Krause-Jensen et al. 1999;Bricker et al. 2008;) -Stagnant waters with low flow rates (Chudyba 1965;Whitton 1970;Hard 1992;Thybo-Christesen and Blackburn 1993;Krause-Jensen et al. 1996;Stewart and Carpenter 2003;) -Good light conditions (Lester et al. 1988;Berner et al. 1989;Krause-Jensen et al. 1996;Vergara et al. 1997;Dere et al. 1998;Ensminger et al. 2000Ensminger et al. , 2001Lenzi et al. 2013) -Stoneworts (Charales) -low concentration of nutrients, high water hardness (Pełechaty and Gąbka 2003;Gąbka 2007Gąbka , 2009Pełechaty 2005) In water ecosystems with elevated nutrient concentrations and proper physicochemical parameters (basic pH, good light conditions, high water temperature), diversified communities of filamentous green algae grow intensively, creating large mats. Research suggests that there is a correlation between water depth and transparency and the range of filamentous algae in the vertical transect of water (Lichtenthaler and Wellburn 1983;McGlathery et al. 1997;Hainz et al. 2009;Garcia and Aboal 2014;Pikosz et al. 2017). ...
... They are considered a very good indicator of aquatic environmental pollution. Stoneworts are attached to sandy or silty bottoms with rhizoids (Pełechaty and Gąbka 2003;Gąbka 2007Gąbka , 2009Pełechaty 2005). ...
Constantly increasing populations have forced the producers of food into increasing the scale of their production. Consumers expect that, with the increase in food products, their quality will also improve. This is especially evident in the livestock sector, as the demand for animal protein is systematically increasing. This situation led to the search for innovative products of natural origin that could be used in animal husbandry and breeding. This product could be an alga containing ingredients in its biomass that have a positive impact on animal and human organisms. Not only can algae-based feed additives improve production parameters and animal health, they can also affect the quality of animal products. Several studies have been conducted to develop algae in feed for poultry, pigs, cattle and horses. These studies have shown that the use of algae as feed additives can bring many benefits, due to their unique properties.
https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007%2F978-3-319-74703-3_11
... The species selected for the experiment was Chara hispida L., a representative of the genus Chara (Characeae, Charophyta), widely distributed in Europe (frequent in Poland) and found in North Africa and Asia as well (Krause, 1997). The species prefers alkaline and neutral waters with the content of calcium compounds between 17.0 and 167.0 mg Ca dm −3 (Haas, 1994;Gąbka, 2009) and proves capable of growing with a wide range of available light radiation (Andrews et al., 1984;Menendez and Sanchez, 1998). In Central-Eastern Europe, it is encountered in shallow eutrophic lakes as well as in waters with slightly acidic pH, such as peatland exploitation ponds or humic waterbodies (Haas, 1994;Urbaniak and Gąbka, 2014). ...
... It is a monoecious macroalgae, one of the largest representatives of the genus: length of the stem ranges from 30 to 200 cm with axial diameters of 1-4 mm, internode length of 10-15 cm and 7-11 leaf-like structures, extending up to 8 cm in length (Krause, 1997;Urbaniak and Gąbka, 2014). It overgrows in highly hydrated, organic sediments, occurring less frequently on peat substrate and calcareous gyttja (Gąbka, 2009). ...
The objective of this study was to examine the impact of aluminium on the perennial macroalgae Chara hispida L. and its bioaccumulation capacities. Aluminium (Al) was introduced into the environment in the form of polyaluminium chloride, an agent utilized in the restoration of waterbodies. Research was conducted in an experimental setting using mesocosms (volume 0.8 m3) placed in the littoral zone of a lake with C. hispida. Three doses of the coagulant were applied, each with a different volume: low – 6.1 g Al m−3, medium – 12.2 g m−3 and high – 24.5 g Al m−3. A significant acidification of environment was determined, which would imply the presence of toxic Al3+ ions. It has been demonstrated that aluminium penetrates and accumulates in the cells of the charophyte. This caused damage to the thalli, which manifested itself in chloroses, necroses, flaking of the cortex cells and softening of the thallus, whose severity was proportionate to the dose of the coagulant. The first negative signs were observed after 24 h. The study shows that C. hispida is a poor accumulator of aluminium (bioconcentration factor<200), while bioaccumulation capacity was inhibited at the concentration of approx. 2.0 mg Al g−1 d.w. Accumulation in the thalli of the charophytes accounted for 58% of variation following removal of aluminium from the environment. The results of the experiment demonstrate a negative impact of aluminium on charophytes at concentrations used in aggressive restoration of lakes.
See until September 16, 2017: https://authors.elsevier.com/a/1VSjEXad0KOrs
... Charophyta (Gąbka 2005(Gąbka , 2009 (Erdtman 1943). Tabletki Lycopodium dodano w celu obliczenia bezwzględnej koncentracji sporomorf (Stockmarr 1971). ...
... The research focused on the charophyte Chara hispida (Characeae, Charophyta), which is widely distributed in Europe, Asia, and North Africa (Gąbka 2009). In Central-Eastern Europe it occurs mainly in shallow eutrophic lakes and slightly acidic (pH = 6.4) waterbodies such as peatland exploitation ponds (Urbaniak and Gąbka 2014). ...
Progressing eutrophication of waterbodies requires measures to be undertaken that aim at halting or reversing negative changes in the environment. Chemical restoration is one of the most common methods used for lake treatment, where iron or aluminium phosphate coagulants are applied. However, their chemical qualities pose the risk of acidification and aluminium ion release, which become toxic in acidic conditions. The influence of coagulants on aquatic plants, including charophytes that are very valuable from the ecological perspective, is little recognised. For this reason, the aim of the research was to define changes in the growth pattern of the charophyte Chara hispida under the influence of an aluminium coagulant. The research was carried out in mesocosms (0.8 m 3) located in situ in a lake. Polyaluminium chloride was applied once to each chamber in doses of 50.0, 100.0 and 200.0 ml m-3. Coagulant concentrations reflected aggressive restoration aimed at precipitation of phosphates, suspension and water colour at the same time. It was proved that the coagulant had inhibited the growth and slightly reduced the length of branchlets, and simultaneously elongated internode cells. Changes in the total length as well as the length of branchlets were caused by a strong pH decrease of the environment which simultaneously induced higher aluminium solubility and toxicity. Elongation of internode cells was caused by reduced light availability, resulting from high water turbidity in the first stage of coagulant's application, and then from the charophytes' thallus being covered by a coagulated suspension precipitated from water.
... In France, its range has shifted from west to east (Bailly and Schaefer, 2010) and it has been discovered in southern France in seven new localities since 2012 (Mouronval et al., 2015). New localities have also been recorded since 2006 in the Wielkopolska region of Poland (Gąbka, 2009) and in newly dug ponds in floodplains in Germany (Korsch et al., 2008). In Switzerland, N. obtusa has expanded into large, moderately eutrophic lowland lakes (Dienst et al., 2012;Auderset Joye and Rey-Boissezon et al., 2015;Rey-Boissezon and Auderset Joye, 2015). ...
Nitellopsis obtusa (starry stonewort) is a green macroalga (family Characeae) native to Europe and Asia that is of conservation concern in its native range but expanding in North America. We synthesize current science on N. obtusa and identify key knowledge gaps. Nitellopsis obtusa is able to reproduce sexually or asexually via fragments and bulbils. Native populations reproduce primarily asexually; sexual fertility increases with longer growing seasons and in shallower waters. In North America, only males have been observed. Nitellopsis obtusa has been known from North America for four decades and confirmed in seven U.S. states and two Canadian provinces. It is typically associated with low-flow areas of lakes with alkaline to neutral pH and elevated conductivity. Nitellopsis obtusa has ecological benefits in its native range, contributing to food webs and water clarity. In its invaded range, N. obtusa could negatively influence native macrophytes and habitat quality, but there has been little research on impacts. There have been many efforts to control N. obtusa through physical removal or chemical treatments, but little systematic evaluation of outcomes. Substantial areas of uncertainty regarding N. obtusa include controls on reproduction, full distribution in North America, ecological impacts, and control strategies.
Przegląd flory polskiej pod kątem potrzeb ochrony gatunkowej. Projekt nowleizacji listy gatunków chronionych. Ekspertyza dla Generalnej Dyrekcji Ochrony Środowiska. Review of status of Polish flora from the point of view of legal species protection. Project of update of legally protected species. Expertise for General Directorate of Environemnet Protection, Poland.
Increasing customer need for natural products of both high and well-defined activity has enhanced the use of biological materials, such as algal biomass. At the same time, algae transport and storage issues, concerning fresh seaweeds in particular, have led to the development of biomolecule isolation, including extraction. To the best of our knowledge, various approaches have been successfully applied in extracting biologically active compounds from algal biomass, among which solvent and temperature treatment are the most common. Considering novel methods, processing under high pressure (pressurized liquid and supercritical fluid extraction) and ultrasound-, microwave-, and enzyme-assisted extraction have been reported. The approaches differ in their efficacy and selectivity and extract purity, determining the usability of the final product in either bulk manufacturing or as a high-value material. Application of algae-based constituents in food and beverage products, dietary and feed supplements, cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals is being widely discussed. Recently, the usability of algae oil in the technology of biofuels has been extensively examined. In the current work, preparation of algal extracts and formulations for potential industrial use are discussed.
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