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Development of Information Technology in Sri Lanka
Abstract
Technology and Research and Development (R&D) are accepted as the most significant elements to eliminate poverty when identifying economic growth and development in developing countries. Most developed countries have already achieved economic growth and technology development through R&D. In this article, I discuss several characteristics of technology development of Sri Lanka and examine the current education and public service structures.
... Compared to other countries in the South Asia-Pacific region, such as Singapore (Ho 2016) and India (Datta 2015;Ghosh and Arora 2022), Sri Lanka has received comparatively less interest from geographers and other social scientists on smart city implementation. Since gaining independence from Britain in 1948, Sri Lanka has prioritised science and technology, established institutes, and implemented a ten-year plan in 1956 (Gunawardhana 2016). The Industrial Development Board, founded in 1966, aimed to provide technical services to industries, aiding in feasibility studies, inspections, and expert research. ...
... Until 1990, the public sector dominated research and development, with donations from the Soviet Union supporting major projects. Despite initial reliance on external aid, this period saw limited private sector involvement, reflecting Sri Lanka's ongoing trajectory towards technological advancement (Gunawardhana 2016). ...
Every requirement in the software application does not add value to the end users equally where the stakeholders are benefited through them. Majority of the current software engineering practices are formed and done in a value neutral way. With the recent demand for the global software engineering, many organizations have decided to either initiate their own technology centers in the low-cost countries or to partner with outsourced companies to get the benefits of it. However, the practitioners tried applying the traditional software development processes without a proper customization of them to best suit for the distributed teams. Due to the nature of this industry, those traditional processes have further eroded the value with unnecessary checkpoints and gates. This research therefore was carried out to identify the value creation dimensions and their influence creating value with special reference the global software engineering industry. For that, a systematic literature review was carried out and findings were categorized to five areas based on the research questions. They are benefit realization in the delivery process, eliciting and reconciling the requirements for stakeholder value proposition, business case analysis against the business processes, assessment of the value, risk, and opportunity through the frameworks and finally value based monitoring and control through the software development methodology. Mapping the development processes against these areas can change the value addition on the global software engineering industry.
Keywords: Information technology; management information systems, small and medium scale industriesDOI: 10.4038/josuk.v1i0.2756J Sci.Univ.Kelaniya 1 (2003): 63-79
The failure or the slow progress of industrialization programmes in developing countries is often attributed to the reluctance of developed countries to ‘transfer technology’ to them. It is indeed true that in many cases developed countries are reluctant to part with the technological know-how gained over the years to a potential competitor; however, it would be unfair to blame lack of transfer of technology totally for the failure of industrialization aims of developing countries. In most cases the types of technology employed in developing countries are well established. However, the performance of these industries falls well below expectations, even though the technological know-how is fully available. The success of any industry once the technology has been mastered depends largely on efficient production management, which attempts to utilize resources in the most efficient way. Studies in developing countries have shown that production management is given little prominence in the industrial sector. As a result, numerous problems are encountered which lead to inefficiencies and low productivity. The significance of production management is neglected due to the shortage of qualified production management personnel. It is shown that of 32 universities in a sample of 18 developing countries, only one university offered a course in production management. In developed countries, one would typically find 15 such courses in a similar number of universities. The paper argues that without first having personnel qualified to perform the production management function, any industrialization programme has little chance of success. Developing countries and international agencies have been preoccupied with the problem of transfer of technology; it is time serious thought is given to the problems of production management following the technology transfer.
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