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Building theories from case study research

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Abstract

- This paper describes the process of inducting theory using case studies from specifying the research questions to reaching closure. Some features of the process, such as problem definition and construct validation, are similar to hypothesis-testing research. Others, such as within-case analysis and replication logic, are unique to the inductive, case-oriented process. Overall, the process described here is highly iterative and tightly linked to data. This research approach is especially appropriate in new topic areas. The resultant theory is often novel, testable, and empirically valid. Finally, framebreaking insights, the tests of good theory (e.g., parsimony, logical coherence), and convincing grounding in the evidence are the key criteria for evaluating this type of research.

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... Following prior research (Bakker & Knoben, 2015;Benbya et al., 2020;Thompson, 2003), we focused on two key dimensions of environmental uncertainty relevant to BDA effectiveness: environmental complexity and dynamism. By adopting an inductive, multiple-case approach (Eisenhardt, 1989), we compared four cases of strategic decisions that vary in their environmental complexity and dynamism. We found that BDA shapes heuristics adaptation in three distinct modes: alternative-reorienting, cue-patching, and relationconditioning (these three concepts emerged from our multiple-case analysis and will be elaborated on in our findings). ...
... We adopted an inductive, multiple-case study because of its ability to compare and confirm the inferences from multiple cases based on a "replication logic" (Bingham & Eisenhardt, 2011, p. 1440Eisenhardt, 1989). To make sense of the data, we employed a synthetic strategy suggested by Langley (1999), which (1) is mostly applied to analyze the processes of decisions, (2) produces simple and moderately general theories, and (3) generates some initial constructs and measures from the detailed event data "to compare different processes and to identify regularities that will form the basis of a predictive theory relating holistic process characteristics to other variables (e.g., outcomes and contexts)" (p. ...
... To enhance the validity and rigor of our study, we conducted in-depth interviews with two types of informants at each firm for better data triangulation: business specialists from business departments (e.g., CEOs, VPs, and project managers in charge of business) and BDA specialists from data-analytics (DA) departments (e.g., chief technology officers (CTOs), chief analytics officers (CAOs), and project managers in charge of DA). Following the "courtroom" procedure suggested by Eisenhardt (1989), we first asked informants for the timeline of their NPD decisions and then based our interviews on this to limit subject bias (Bingham & Eisenhardt, 2011). With business specialists, we focused on the business aspects of decisions and background information, including firm history, strategy, market, customers, competitors, and firm structure. ...
... We used internal and external documents about the companies and their innovation contests to enrich and triangulate our insights with other data sources (Eisenhardt, 1989) and helped shape the interviews. Internal documents included the three companies' corporate strategy reports and additional memorandums and minutes from meetings. ...
... Senior management engagement, for example, emerged in this phase. Next, we conducted a cross-case analysis to test for alternative theoretical relationships and constructs that could better fit our data than the initial emergent theories (e.g., Eisenhardt, 1989). In this phase, tables and graphs helped refine the constructs and theoretical relationships (Miles & Huberman, 1994). ...
... In this phase, tables and graphs helped refine the constructs and theoretical relationships (Miles & Huberman, 1994). Our cross-case analysis involved several iterations among the emergent theories, data, and literature to refine the construct definitions, relative measures, and theoretical ties (Eisenhardt, 1989). Prior research on organizational learning mechanisms was especially helpful for refining the theoretical logic of emerging relationships and creating propositions. ...
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... And that agency problem occurs when cooperating parties have different goals, information, and division of labour (Jensen & Meckling, 1976). Specifically, principal-agent theory concentrates on the ubiquitous agency relationship, "in which one party (the principal) delegates work to another (the agent), who performs that work on behalf of the principal" (Eisenhardt, 1989). And principal-agent theory seeks to portray this relationship using the metaphor of a contract (Jensen & Meckling, 1976). ...
... That is, the agent is shirking. An adverse selection which refers to "the misrepresentation of ability by the agent" (Eisenhardt, 1989), arises because the principal cannot completely verify these skills, experiences, or capabilities either at the time of recruitment or while the agent is working (Eisenhardt, 1989). Some other conditions also do affect the agent which has to be noted. ...
... That is, the agent is shirking. An adverse selection which refers to "the misrepresentation of ability by the agent" (Eisenhardt, 1989), arises because the principal cannot completely verify these skills, experiences, or capabilities either at the time of recruitment or while the agent is working (Eisenhardt, 1989). Some other conditions also do affect the agent which has to be noted. ...
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... For this, the authors deployed the Yin (1994) and Eisenhardt (1989) method of case selection and case study, with an impression to investigate and learn from educational leaders in a case setting. Thus, deriving theory from the use of a case study is one form of research strategy (Yin, 1994), which engages one or more cases in building the theoretical construct and propositions from case-based empirical evidence (Eisenhardt, 1989). The major reason to use the case-based approach as a fundamental resource center for acquiring knowledge was tempting and rewarding in generating theoretical perspectives. ...
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... Thus, Catena-X and the MDS were selected as the few already fully established data space-enabled data ecosystems, i.e., "live data spaces" (Möller et al., 2024, p. 9). Following a theoretical sampling strategy (Eisenhardt, 1989), the cases are similar in technical and governancerelated decentralization but differ in other design aspects, which are explained in detail in the next section. ...
... We entered the data analysis with an a priori specification of business models comprising value creation and capture. In the first step, we performed a within-case analysis to explore the characteristics of each case separately (Eisenhardt, 1989). We emphasized themes supported by several informants and secondary material. ...
... We emphasized themes supported by several informants and secondary material. In the second step, while gradually iterating between data collection and analysis, we compared the characteristics across cases (Eisenhardt, 1989) to group them in distinct cross-case dimensions (displayed as rows in Table 2). Specifically, we looked for similarities and differences in value creation and value capture characteristics stimulated by the respective ecosystem context to inductively derive more abstract dimensions. ...
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Data spaces are paving the way for decentralized data ecosystems to emerge in practice. However, our understanding of their influence on how data providers and consumers create and capture value remains limited. Based on 22 qualitative interviews with experts from two cases, we delineate two generic business model types for data sharing enabled by the ecosystem context: bartering and marketplace. In the first case, Catena-X, participants barter data for data to capture value indirectly. Conversely, in the second case, the Mobility Data Space, the underlying marketplace model enables data providers to sell or donate data to consumers. By comparing the two cases and their generic business model types, we explore the impact of decentralization on value creation and capture.
... Our research design is a set of four case studies to explore how to succeed in the ambidexterity transition in the context of CBI led by SMEs. Case study method provides rich, detailed data to better understand 'a contemporary phenomenon within its real-life context' (Yin, 2003, p. 13) with the purpose of generating or complementing theories on complex social phenomena (Eisenhardt, 1989). ...
... Our data collection was conducted following two distinct methodological steps for data collection building on Yin (2009) and Eisenhardt (1989) and Ailon-Souday and Kunda (2003). ...
... Our research relies on four case studies that allow a contextually rich and deep analysis of the process of transition from exploitative to ambidextrous strategy based on customer collaboration (Yin, 2013). Even if we comply with Eisenhardt's (1989) suggestions regarding the number of cases, additional and heterogeneous cases or stakeholders could enhance the robustness and external validity of our findings (Villarreal, 2107;Villarreal & Landeta, 2010). Specifically, the inclusion of cases that fail in this transition process would enrich the findings. ...
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Customer-based innovation (CBI) contexts can facilitate the journey from exploitation to exploration in SMEs in order to evolve towards organizational ambidexterity. However, the transition towards ambidexterity is not an easy journey and managers deal with different tensions regarding the balance between explorative and exploitative processes. The paper presents an inductive research, based on the in-depth analysis of four Basque innovative SMEs that have been able to develop an organizational ambidexterity strategy in CBI contexts. In this attempt, first, we contribute to the theory identifying the specific risks associated with the transition towards ambidexterity in SMEs. Second, we provide a qualitative study to understand how exploitation transit through ambidexterity can be done successfully and finally, we propose some lessons to help SMEs in this transition period.
... By conducting a literature study on the phenomenon of serendipity and an empirical study conducted with a qualitative longitudinal embedded multi-case study approach (Eisenhardt, 1989;, we aim to feed into the discourse of strategic project initiation. Simultaneously, our research responds to calls within the field of project management for contextual richness and micro-foundations (Nartey, 2019) as well as for process studies (Brunet et al., 2021). ...
... As little knowledge exists on serendipity as a means to strategic project initiations, our research aims for theory development (Eisenhardt, 1989;. Ontologically and epistemologically, we have adopted a pragmatic stance (Kelly & Cordeiro, 2020). ...
... Ontologically and epistemologically, we have adopted a pragmatic stance (Kelly & Cordeiro, 2020). For our research design, we have adopted the multi-case study approach offered by Eisenhardt (1989; and conducted a longitudinal, qualitative, and embedded case study. By embedded, we mean that the case studies investigated are drawn from the same case context, i.e., the same organization. ...
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Insights on strategic project processes are needed in a contemporary society characterized by many disruptions and major transformations. In this paper, we supplement existing theoretical framings on the process of strategic project initiation by exploring the relationship between serendipity, i.e., surprising and valuable discoveries, and strategic project initiations. With a qualitative longitudinal embedded multi-case study approach, we study a family business entrepreneur who successfully transforms her small family business via strategic projects initiated by serendipity triggers. Our research provides four contributions related to the nature of the relationship between serendipity and strategic project initiation: (1) the causality between the two phenomena can go in both directions; (2) strategic project initiation can relate to Archimedean, Columbian, or Galilean serendipity; (3) a time lag between the serendipity trigger and the strategic project initiation may exist; and (4) business stakeholders and family stakeholders may be involved in serendipity triggers and strategic project initiations through different logics.
... Along the same line and on the basis of Imai's book (1989( ), Berger (1997 proposed three guiding principles for kaizen which is: ...
... Pettigrew (1997) points out that the importance of the selection in this type of sample lies not in the number of cases but the in-depth study of each (Pettigrew, 1997, p. 342). Therefore, the selection of several cases (seven in this paper) leads us to help to create robust theories because the ensuing proposals have closer links to the wide range of empirical evidence gathered (Eisenhardt, 1989). The main characteristic was that all seven were from small and medium enterprises (SME's) of business categories. ...
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Small and medium enterprises (SME's) are totally different from large organizations. According to study research by Hudson, Smart, and Bourne (2001); Qian and Li (2003), stated that these differences primarily related to such defining SME characteristic as a reactive, fire-fighting mentality, resource limitations, informal strategies, and flexible structure. Hence, as a consequence, they tend to have a failure rate higher than that of large organizations. In recent years, small and medium enterprises (SME's) business in Malaysia have come under enormous pressure from their external environment: this has resulted in serious problems affecting the running of their businesses, leading ultimately to a drop off in sales, customers and market share. Furthermore, some have attempted to respond to this environment by using the Japanese approach of kaizen (meaning continuous improvement). The purpose of this research is to ask if the kaizen approach is implemented in a specific environment such as that of small and medium enterprises (SME's) business in Malaysia.
... A case study approach has been chosen because the phenomenon being examined is novel, with few similar studies available, and the goal is to deepen researchers' understanding of it (Eisenhardt, 1989). Additionally, given that the objective is to explore strategic planning for scaling operations within the food manufacturing industry, a case study is a suitable methodology. ...
... This case study provides a detailed account of the strategies implemented and the outcomes achieved by the company, which has successfully made operational adjustments and adapted to the market. The analysis follows the process outlined by Eisenhardt (1989), which includes defining the analysis content, selecting relevant cases, analyzing collected data, and discussing implications. Specifically, the analysis focuses on understanding the company's strategic decisions in a competitive and evolving market. ...
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This paper aims to analyze the development process of a famous food manufacturing company that started only in local farmer markets aiming at snacks and agricultural products. Looking back at the different fiscal years, the company has acquired numerous accomplishments, hence attributing it to a strong focus on quality and innovation. There are several serious issues that a company faces while the strategies revealed above are to establish and consolidate a position in the rapidly growing food manufacturing industry. Some of these are the challenges of globalization, diversification of product portfolio, sustaining innovation, and building a strong and easily identifiable brand. In this paper analyzing the specifics of the company’s development, its strategic directions, and defining the major issues and problem-solving approaches in responding to these complex challenges a certain group of questions will be highlighted. The paper discusses the factors that have facilitated the effectiveness of its strategic management concerning the achievement of the firm’s goals and sustained growth amidst challenges. From the examination of the company’s strategic choices, operating changes, and patterns of analyzing the market environment, this study has gone a long way in establishing the key dynamics underlying operation scaling within the food manufacturing industry. The lessons from this case suggest that to sustain a commitment and build a highly competitive mass-market business over time there is a need for flexibility, creativity, and vision.
... The festival was held in Ngleri Village, a farming village in Gunungkidul Regency, Jogjakarta. A case study protocol based on (Eisenhardt, 1989) was performed to analyze the SI process and identify the influencing factors. Meanwhile, to identify the benefits of the CVF, a case study was carried out by combining the protocol from (Yin, 2003) and (Eisenhardt, 1989). ...
... A case study protocol based on (Eisenhardt, 1989) was performed to analyze the SI process and identify the influencing factors. Meanwhile, to identify the benefits of the CVF, a case study was carried out by combining the protocol from (Yin, 2003) and (Eisenhardt, 1989). The unit of analysis of this research was the CVF event. ...
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Plain language summary This research aims to analyze the process and the determinant factors of a collaborative village festival (CVF) and to identify the benefits as a tool for social investment (SI). Applying a single case study by utilizing secondary data and primary data obtained from interviews, this research applied thematic and discourse network analysis. The results show that CVF, characterized as a semi-top-down multi-program and multi-stakeholder, of which the collaboration forms a unique hexa-helix pattern, has a role in developing human capital and activating social capital in several aspects. Therefore, it may become an alternative innovation of social policy programs, either as a stand-alone or a complementing one. CVF also serves as a tool for multi-investment, which, in this case, is an eco-sociocultural investment that potentially supports the “SDGs Desa” in Indonesia and, with necessary adaptation, can also be analogized to support the United Nations’ SDGs. Since CVF’s benefits depend on festival quality (FQ), created through a process consisting of three main stages: initiation, preparation and planning, and execution, several factors should be well-understood and considered in designing and executing CVF to obtain greater benefits. The factors include leadership, managerial skills and capacity, networking skills, partners’ characteristics, characteristics of the village as the festival venue, situations/conditions faced, and the existence of connecting actors. Given the limitations of this research, it is necessary to evaluate the FQ and the benefits based on each program/activity category. More case studies of similar festivals are necessary to provide generalization.
... Building theory from case studies is a research strategy that involves using one or more cases to create theoretical constructs, propositions and/or midrange theory from case-based, empirical evidence (Eisenhardt 1989). The central notion is to use cases as the basis from which to develop theory inductively. ...
... The theory is emergent in the sense that it is situated in and developed by recognizing patterns of relationships among constructs within and across cases and their underlying logical arguments. Central to building theory from case studies is replication logic (Eisenhardt 1989). That is, each case serves as a distinct experiment that stands on its own as an analytic unit. ...
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Literature on business models is a pillar of management research and its recent contributions have broadened traditional frameworks to include sustainability and circular economy issues. However, contributions focused on business models of cultural heritage have always been scarce; moreover, most of the studies on adaptive reuse of cultural heritage are based on the analysis of individual assets. A few studies make in-depth analysis of the business model and they hardly produce generalizable results, due to the idiosyncratic nature of cultural heritage and its link with the cultural, social, environmental and economic context, that makes it difficult to replicate the process and decisions of reuse (in structural and managerial terms).
... La presente investigación utiliza la Metodología Estudio de Caso (MEC) para documentar el desarrollo de la aplicación de TRV, lo cual permite el apoyo de múltiples fuentes de datos para tomarse un caso único de estudio como una estrategia de investigación dirigida a comprender las dinámicas presentes en contextos singulares (Eisenhardt, 1989). El Caso de Estudio "MetaLAG es clasificado de tipo exploratorio consiguiendo un acercamiento entre las teorías inscritas en el marco teórico y la realidad (Martínez, 2006 p. 171) de un único caso bajo el enfoque interpretativo (Monge, 2010). ...
... Fuente: Eisenhardt (1989), Villareal (2008) y Yin (2014). ...
... To address these shortcomings in the literature, we employed a qualitative research design with semi-structured interviews (Eisenhardt 1989) to identify undiscovered facets of the entrepreneurial thought process and decision-making process. This approach is appropriate to study complex phenomena involving human interactions as well as "how" and "why" research questions. ...
... For the data analysis, we used established approaches for inductive theory-building, as in Eisenhardt (1989) and Miles and Huberman (1994). We transcribed all interviews and imported the data to MAXQDA (Miles and Huberman 1994). ...
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... Case studies are particularly useful in explanatory mechanism and process research, where the subject matter is often inductive and exploratory (Yin, 2009). They are frequently employed to answer questions such as "how" and "why" (Eisenhardt, 1989). In the context of this study, which explores the dynamic process of latecomer enterprises' international expansion efforts in the context of technological catchup, the goal is to develop a theoretical model that elucidates the motivation for going overseas, addressing a typical "how" inquiry. ...
... The case study aims to develop a theory adhering to the principles of theoretical sampling (Eisenhardt, 1989) and analytical generalization (Eisenhardt & Graebner, 2007). This paper not only investigates the dynamic process of latecomer firms, from technology introduction to independent innovation and from technological follower to leader, but also develops a theoretical model for firms to achieve "going global" through technological catch-up, combining the OLI paradigm. ...
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The intricate relationship between technological catch-up and outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) in developing nations, exemplified by China, stands as a cutting-edge area within the domain of enterprise innovation and internationalization. While an extensive body of literature focuses on elucidating how latecomers can effectively achieve technological catch-up through overseas investment and mergers and acquisitions, enabling them to acquire advanced technology and valuable experience, comparatively less attention has been given to examining the mechanisms by which technological catch-up propels the OFDI process of enterprises. To address this gap, this study conducts a longitudinal case analysis of the “going global” trajectory of CRRC Zhuzhou Locomotive Co., Ltd. (CRRC-ZL), transitioning from a follower to a leading industry player. By synthesizing the concepts of technological catch-up with the Ownership, Location, and Internalization (OLI) paradigm, we construct a comprehensive model elucidating the internal processes propelling enterprises towards technological catch-up and subsequent “going global.” This research builds a bridge from technology catch-up to OFDI for latecomer companies, offering valuable managerial insights for latecomers navigating the strategic challenges of advancing beyond catch-up and entering international markets.
... We eliminated the other 6 cases because of the length of time they had been in business, the fact that they had not been through enough crises, and the unavailability of the entrepreneurs. In fact, Eisenhardt (1989) recommends keeping between four (4) and ten (10) cases. Moreover, survival is the first and necessary step in overcoming shocks (Tamàssy, 2006). ...
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For several years, organizational resilience has been considered as a strategy for navigating challenging circumstances. A significant number of business closures has sparked inquiries into the characteristics and typical profiles of entrepreneurs who can withstand these challenges, as indicated by previous research. This study aims to gain insight into the psychological processes that enable small and medium-sized enterprise (SME) entrepreneur-managers to navigate critical or chaotic situations and facilitate company prosperity. Consequently, the study examines the role of psychological factors in the organizational resilience of SMEs. The study of psychological factors and organizational resilience is relatively underdeveloped in the African context. It is therefore imperative to undertake this exploration to gain insight into the profile that enables SMEs to survive and thrive in the face of significant challenges. A qualitative approach was employed with eight entrepreneur-managers to identify the new psychological factors that enable them to maintain their businesses and continue to develop in challenging circumstances.
... The data reduction phase consisted of simplifying, focusing, and obtaining both content and thematic value of the data by abstracting the responses and transforming them into brief and valuable information. It also involved capturing the relationship between ideas and variables of interest (Eisenhardt, 1989). As such, the data in the study is presented in a descriptive form, which was projected to enhance comparative and content analysis of data, facilitating the understanding of the subject matter. ...
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Stress is a psychological and physical mental disorder that occurs in situations of pressure, which requires available resources to meet organizational and individual demands. This research was about exploring stressors and their effects associated with workplace stress. A mixed method exploratory sequential approach and survey were used to describe Ministry of Interior (MOI) employees'' workplace stress and its stressors that involved two phases: qualitative (phase I) used interviews and quantitative (phase II) used surveys to explore stressors and its effects associated with the workplace stress. This study aimed to explore stress prevalence and the stressors experienced by MOI employees. Qualitative and quantitative analysis is carried out on the collected data. The result of phase I indicated that if there were more frequent stress symptoms among the participants, this would contribute to decreased productivity. Phase II of the analysis relied on the multiple regression technique, Stress Management Conflict Resolution predicts that was statistically significant, which was shown as the R-squared, the overall regression model was significant, F (3,296) =0.14, P > .025, R2 =.014. Workplace stress, the multiple regression model was significant, F (3,296) =98, P > .403, R2 = 98. Absenteeism, F (3,296) =.27, P > .80, R2 = 84. Workload and Responsibility - NIOSH's multiple regression model was significant, F (3,296) =85, P > .85, R 2 = 85 on predicting job satisfaction. The confidence level in the finding was high since the P-value was less than the maximum acceptable value of 0.05. Therefore, the F-statistic was significant.
... According to Eisenhardt's (2002) recommendation for case study research, a sample of 4 to 10 cases is typically required to provide sufficient depth in understanding of the concept being studied. For this research and to ensure a valid review sample, we included a total of 20 assessments. ...
... This allows us to take an explorative approach to address our research question and to investigate citizens' stress stimuli in data ecosystems. We further employ case study methodology on a health data ecosystem as it offers us a systematic framework for investigating the phenomenon within a real-life context, thereby enabling a holistic and in-depth examination of the research question (Benbasat et al., 1987;Eisenhardt, 1989;Leitch et al., 2010;Yin, 2017). ...
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Given the access to citizens' data, data ecosystems have the potential to address important societal problems. Thus, it is no surprise that we observe a shift toward opt-out models of data sharing worldwide. However, little is known about how citizens perceive and act in these settings. This study conducts an in-depth study on a health data ecosystem to investigate the psychological processes, stress stimuli, and responses of citizens when confronted with data ecosystems. The findings reveal four stress stimuli-overload, privacy invasion, information deficits, and value incongruence - and detail how stress influences citizens' decisions to either stay or opt out of data ecosystems. They are consolidated in the "Citizen-in-the-Loop" model describing a circular dynamic where citizens respond to stress by seeking information, inadvertently creating further stress and perpetuating the cycle. Practitioners and policymakers can use this understanding to develop policies that reach for both, citizens' data sovereignty and societal benefits.
... As part of the rooted theory, it is recommended for 20 to 30 people. Eisenhardt (1989) recommends choosing not statistical cases but theoretical cases. It is intended to be realistic by supporting the natural trade-off that operates between, on the one hand, the concern for theoretical saturation and, on the other hand, the researcher's time, and money constraints. ...
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Objective: This article aims to present a new topic for the marketing literature: emo-decision-making contagion. This concept is developed from Hatfield et al.’s (2014, 1994) work and the research conducted by Pire-Lechalard and Van-Hoorebeke (2021) in the context of decision-making. Theoretical Framework: The decision depends on emotion. However, emotion has a primordial characteristic, namely its contagiousness (Chaabi, 2023; Pire-Lechalard & Van-Hoorebeke, 2021). Hence the genesis of the concept of emo-decision-making contagion. Until now, the study of this concept has been ignored in the marketing field, and researchers focus, rather, on ad hoc concepts such as social influence. This article attempts, through a well-defined methodology, to define emo-decision-making contagion and establish its theoretical underpinnings, so that it is useful and beneficial for marketing practitioners. Method: To penetrate the experiences of the respondents and explore the human constructions around emo-decision-making contagion, a qualitative study was conducted with a sample of 30 individuals. Therefore, we chose the interview as the data collection method. Similarly, to ensure greater consistency in this exploratory study, we limited our focus to a specific area: fashion products, specifically textile items. Results: The results indicate that this concept is defined as the propensity of individuals to reproduce and copy the purchasing decisions of a group leader unconsciously and massively. These decisions are intended to serve as a lesson and are transmitted through the sharing of emotions with the members of the group and identification with them, to have a specific result or to be in conformity with this group. Conclusions: As emo-decision-making contagion does indeed exist, it is suggested to focus on the study of this concept, which can be a very effective and attractive strategy in communication and advertising, and understanding the mechanisms underlying EDMC can help marketers improve their commercial approaches or develop better ones.
... Subsequently, interviews with a selected subsample of these ventures were conducted and finally, database information, media coverage and additional sources were screened to validate respondents' narratives and to receive further information about the selected cases. In this way, data was triangulated from different sources to increase validity and strengthen the substantiation of constructs (Eisenhardt 1989). ...
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In recent years, equity crowdfunding has become increasingly popular for capital-seeking start-ups. A widely held assumption is that these ventures have no other risk capital options and see it as their “last resort” to obtain funding. However, not much is known about their narrow and broader motivational backgrounds. Based on case studies of ten crowdfunded ventures, this study unveils the motives to use equity crowdfunding and links them with organisational characteristics. The analysis shows that ventures’ risk capital choices in this setting are motivated by crowdfunding-specific investment conditions, value-add features, and their fit with ongoing organisational challenges. Thus, I provide a detailed picture of the specific role that equity crowdfunding is intended to play in these firms. Based on the analysis, a theoretical model of four motivational types is developed that could stimulate future research. I argue that instead of focusing exclusively on cost and control arguments, research about investor decisions in equity crowdfunding should also consider different forms of resourcefulness.
... Case studies provide an analysis of companies' unique situations and a complete grasp of research difficulties (Yin, 2018). This research uses case studies to make its conclusions more applicable (Eisenhardt, 1989). ...
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This study aims to analyze the role that accounting information plays in the decision-making process of contemporary marketing. This research seeks to establish a connection between marketing activities and accounting procedures by investigating the views and methods utilized by marketers who are employed by a wide range of firms. This investigation uses a qualitative case study methodology to analyze how marketers exploit accounting information. Specifically, the study focuses on. In addition, it brings to light the difficulties connected to the integration process and offers suggestions for improving collaboration. On the other hand, the findings highlight the necessity for increased data accessibility, analytical capabilities, and alignment across various domains. The findings also indicate that there is a rising realization of the value of accounting data. The current body of knowledge is expanded as a result of this study, which adds to the extension of the existing body of knowledge by presenting empirical evidence on the application of accounting data and providing practical ramifications for businesses and marketers.
... We have opted for a study of multiple cases according to an exploratory approach (Eisenhardt, 1989;Yin, 2017). We distinguish between three phases. ...
... La estrategia de investigación, que se aplica es un estudio de caso, que se basa en múltiples fuentes de evidencia y se beneficia de un desarrollo de proposiciones teóricas para guiar la recolección de datos y su análisis (Yin, 1994), para tener una primera aproximación sobre la lectura de ambos espacios -estudiantes de diseño gráfico y OSC-, esto permite tener una comprensión de los fenómenos contemporáneos dentro de su contexto de la vida real, sumando a lo que expone Eisenhardt (1989) quien señala que los estudios de caso permiten a los investigadores explorar la relación entre diferentes variables y cómo interactúan en un contexto particular, por eso se consideró está metodología. ...
... Studying models of traditional Iranian houses, recognizing and examining flexibility solutions in this area can provide solutions for designing and applying related theories in contemporary housing. Generally, according to Tellis (1997), there is no need to have a minimum number of cases or random selection in case study research, and based on Eisenhardt's (1989) opinion, the appropriate number of case examples for studies is between 4 and 10 cases (Israelsson, 2016). The multiplicity of case studies and the repetition of the matching pattern strengthen the results and increase confidence in them (Tellis, 1997). ...
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Change is an inevitable characteristic of the human being and is connected to human societies. Due to the unreliability of predicting the future and the impossibility of accurately addressing the future needs of unknown users, adopting a prescriptive approach in architecture leads to a decrease in the efficiency of architectural and building spaces. Otherwise, housing is a vital platform for human life that interacts with other aspects of life. Therefore, flexible housing creating potentials and the possibility of actualizing them aims to respond to such criteria. Flexibility is a fundamental principle in traditional housing in Iran and has been followed as an acceptable solution to respond to the needs of diverse users with different needs in various conditions. The purpose of this research is to identify and investigate the flexible design strategies and indicators of traditional residential buildings in Iran, which have not been addressed much. After reviewing the literature, this research has been conducted by examining six case studies, using the UCL Depthmap software, the space syntax method, and the justified graph technique, and finally comparing the cases to investigate practical strategies used to achieve flexibility in these traditional houses. The findings revealed that Iranian traditional architects, with accurate design and planning of space, use precise and symmetric geometric, dedicate spaces with various areas and sizes, precise placement of multiple entrances, improve connectivity with adjustable connections, and design neutral spaces and shared spaces have succeeded in achieving endless configurations and flexibility adapted by human needs in residential spaces. This mean that these houses can respond to generations’ needs in the long term and sometimes can be used in the contemporary era.
... En efecto, dentro del gran paraguas de la investigación cualitativa existen diferentes aproximaciones, con sus herramientas y metodologías específicas, que debieran ser utilizadas de manera reflexiva para el logro de esta consistencia. Así, por ejemplo, si el objetivo de la investigación es generar una teoría que pueda ser probada de manera deductiva, el método de Eisenhardt (1989) puede resultar el más apropiado; por otro lado, si lo que se busca es comprender las experiencias vividas por los propios actores, el método de Gioia et al. (2013) puede ser el punto de partida ideal; mientras que el enfoque de Langley et al. (2013) puede ser un referente para aquellos casos en los que se pretende comprender las dinámicas de los procesos (por ejemplo, organizacionales) en el tiempo. ...
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Con esta nota editorial celebramos el lanzamiento del volumen 30, número 63, de la Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales – FACES, donde abordamos el concepto de ajuste metodológico y brindamos recomendaciones para incrementar la consistencia interna de las investigaciones. Esperamos que esta promueva la discusión sobre un tema de gran relevancia para la comunidad científica iberoamericana y contribuya a robustecer en forma sostenida la calidad y el rigor metodológico de los trabajos publicados en nuestra revista. Agradecemos profundamente a cada uno de los autores, revisores y miembros del equipo que participaron de este número e invitamos cordialmente a la comunidad académica a enviar sus manuscritos a la Revista Iberoamericana de Ciencias Económicas y Sociales – FACES, donde les ofreceremos un proceso de revisión riguroso, eficiente y, sobre todo, constructivo.
... Considering this requirement, correspondence with several potential cases was conducted, and from these, three homogeneous cases were selected following a purposeful sampling strategy using the selection criteria (see further). The variations between the cases were minimized to perform literal replication (Eisenhardt, 1989;Yin, 2014) to control for external validity. The selection criteria considered cases of alliances with (a) joint R&D agreement involving multi-way knowledge flows, (b) interdependent funding which means activities are partly funded by government and the partner organizations, (c) partners located in the same region, (d) intermediarydriven network structure that dictate the alliance governance structure, decision-making authority, and responsibilities among members, (e) technology-based outputs, and with (f) defined contract duration. ...
Article
Access to heterogeneous knowledge resources is suggested in the literature as an important explanation of firm innovation and performance. The exchange of knowledge, however, can be a complex managerial challenge, especially between different epistemic communities. Our research focuses on the concept of epistemic communities to illuminate the complexity of tensions that arise in heterogeneous knowledge exchange in alliances, thus filling a gap in the literature. Using the Straussian grounded theory case study approach, our research investigates the emergence of horizontal, vertical, and inter-organizational epistemic tensions and explores management controls as instruments to guide the knowledge exchange in intermediary-driven research and development alliances. We find that the source of multiple epistemic tensions is rooted in the natural social behaviors of epistemic community members and further shows how these behaviors influence the effective use of inter-organizational management controls in facilitating heterogeneous knowledge exchange.
... A polar case study approach is chosen to elaborate on pivotal differences in indicator adoption practices. In contrast to statistical sampling, polar case studies present a theoretical sampling approach, specifically focusing on opposing situations that allow a clear recognition of a process [68]. Therefore, the two case studies that show the most and least promising trends for both indicators (resource and carbon productivity) were selected based on Table 4. Key performance indicators (KPIs) are metrics used to evaluate organizational practices in achieving their strategic or operational objectives. ...
... Therefore, considering also the limited research in this area and the complexity of the investigated topic, which is a contemporary phenomenon, we applied a single-case study methodology (Yin, 2018) using a longitudinal approach to obtain an in-depth understanding of the transformation process. The case study of the incumbent firm, referred to here as BETA, was selected as an appropriate empirical context because it implemented the phenomenon of CBMI (Eisenhardt, 1989;Halinen and Tö rnroos, 2005). ...
Article
Purpose This paper aims to gain insights into the paradoxical tensions emerging from circular business model innovation (CBMI) and how to overcome them by developing a theoretical framework drawing on two theoretical streams: firstly, the paradox theory for shedding light on the often “invisible” contradictions generated by the implementation of circular economy (CE) principles in business model transformation; and secondly, the dynamic capability theory that can contribute to the investigation of how to manage these contradictions. Design/methodology/approach The study uses a longitudinal case study approach to gain an in-depth understanding of the transformation and challenges faced by an incumbent firm in adopting a circular business model. Qualitative research methods are used to explore the paradoxical tensions and dynamic capabilities involved in the process. Findings The study finds that incumbent firms face numerous challenges and paradoxical tensions in the CBMI process. These tensions arise from difficulties in implementing organizational changes, balancing competing priorities and managing conflicting goals. Dynamic capabilities are crucial in managing these tensions and facilitating the transition to a circular business model. Research limitations/implications This paper contributes to the theoretical development of paradox theory by applying it to the new field of CBMI which is currently slightly investigated and responds to the call for studies looking at more fine-grained types of sustainable business models. The study adds to previous literature that how the firm handles paradoxes and tensions influences the pace and results of the process. If the firm becomes discouraged during the early stages of identifying new opportunities, the pace slows down, and the firm becomes hesitant to collaborate more with partners. Furthermore, the ability to capitalize on these opportunities is affected by these tensions and contradictions. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by empirically investigating the process of CBMI in incumbent firms. It fills the gap in existing research by examining the existence of paradoxical tensions in a real-life setting and exploring the role of dynamic capabilities in managing these tensions. The findings provide practical insights for firms seeking a transition towards a CE and highlight that the ability to sense the external context should be developed as the new business model entails a central role of external actors.
... Accordingly, we adopt a qualitative approach based on an embedded single case study design, in documenting the survival of a PDE's firm over a longitudinal timescale of a decade (Eisenhardt, 1989). As Yin (2018, p. 99) states, embedded single case studies include a unit of analysis and subunits. ...
Article
This study investigates the adaptive strategies of platform-dependent entrepreneurs (PDEs) to mitigate venture survival risks associated with power asymmetries on transaction platforms. Using an embedded single case study design, we explore the decade-long survival of a PDE's firm in EdTech, focusing on its relationship with two dominant platforms, Google Search and AdSense. Our findings culminate in a robust framework that elucidates the strategic responses of PDEs to the challenges of power imbalance and its exercise through platform gover-nance. Critically, the study reveals that PDEs assert their self-determination in a two-step process that is best observed over time. Strategic subjectification, followed by multihoming and diversification, can be observed over a long temporal duration, emerging as crucial mechanisms for managing dependency risks. This study contributes to the platform strategy literature by shifting the focus from owners to participants, simultaneously illuminating entrepreneurial resilience amid power-related uncertainties.
... Além disso, oferece às micro, pequenas e médias empresas soluções para melhorar a gestão, inovar processos, implantar indicadores e reduzir desperdícios Essa pesquisa trata-se de um estudo de caso múltiplo de empresas do setor alimentício. Para os autores (Eisenhardt, 1989;Yin, 2010;Paré, 2004), o estudo de caso é um método que tem sido muito utilizado para a criação de conhecimento na academia em diversas áreas como as Ciências Sociais. A análise dos dados será realizada através de uma ferramenta capaz de mensurar a maturidade dos processos de inovação em pequenos negócios, esta ferramenta é conhecida como radar da inovação (SAHWNEY; WOLCOTT; ARRONIZ 2006, BACHMANN;DESTEFANI, 2008). ...
Article
Esta pesquisa aborda temas relacionados à inovação no ambiente de negócios. É um estudo que trará informações aos pesquisadores da área sobre as perspectivas e desafios da inovação no setor alimentício. O objetivo geral desta pesquisa é realizar uma análise das perspectivas e desafios da inovação setor alimentício da cidade de Mossoró/RN. A relevância deste estudo para a academia está no entendimento de que a inovação é algo necessário para o desenvolvimento de qualquer empreendimento, incluindo o setor da alimentação. Buscando atender aos objetivos desta pesquisa, foi estabelecido o seguinte caminho metodológico: pesquisa observacional, exploratória e de abordagem qualitativa. A subdimensão Inovação de Processos foi a que obteve melhor índice com média inicial de 4,8 no geral e após a realização do Programa ALI a média foi para 5, nota máxima. Na sequência aparece a subdimensão Inovação de Produtos e Serviços com média inicial de 4,4, essa mesma média permaneceu. E por último, com média de 3,6 a subdimensão Cultura da Inovação, teve um salto significativo para 4,6. O que permite concluir que no geral as empresas estudadas são inovadoras, preocupam-se em se manterem atualizadas com as tendências do mercado e as novas tecnologias. O grande desafio observado é a busca constante de informações e a perspectiva de se tornarem cada vez mais empresas competitivas.
... El estudio integra componentes descriptivos que buscan explorar e identificar las interacciones conceptuales y prácticas entre la economía, las finanzas, la narrativa y la psicología. Para lograr una comprensión integral de los mercados, el análisis se sustenta en una metodología mixta, que incluye tanto la investigación documental como estudios de caso (Yin, 2018;Eisenhardt, 1989). Adicionalmente, este trabajo se propone adentrarse en una comprensión más profunda de los mercados y sus contextos asociados a la construcción de ecosistemas de decisiones. ...
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La revolución de las finanzas conductuales ha significado un cambio hacia un enfoque más diverso en los modelos financieros, superando la predominancia del movimiento neoclásico. Esta tendencia hacia la diversificación de modelos ha impulsado un avance más rápido con expectativas de beneficios significativos para diferentes actores sociales. La narrativa ha desempeñado un papel fundamental en el éxito y la identidad de las finanzas, estimulando la innovación y promoviendo posturas desafiantes y disruptivas. A pesar de los desafíos asociados al estudio científico de las narrativas económicas y financieras, su análisis puede proporcionar una comprensión más profunda de la necesidad de la innovación constante en los procesos económicos para alcanzar objetivos sociales. Ejemplos recientes como las empresas sociales, el crowdfunding y los bonos de impacto social; evidencian la necesidad y el interés. En conjunto, la revolución de las finanzas conductuales ofrece nuevas perspectivas y abordajes para explorar el comportamiento financiero y su impacto global, creando oportunidades para atender los desafíos económicos y sociales de manera creativa y eficiente.
... Este trabajo parte del método de investigación histórico (Simiand, 2003), con técnicas analítico-descriptivas, combinado con el estudio de caso, entendido como una estrategia de investigación en ciencias sociales que se centra en la comprensión de las dinámicas que se presentan en escenarios particulares (Eisenhardt, 1989). El contexto histórico en el que nace GCiencia y su evolución sitúan el objeto de estudio para un análisis del producto en la actualidad. ...
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La creación de medios de comunicación nativos digitales, que ha vivido una etapa de explosión en los últimos años, parece haber entrado en una nueva fase en la que un número significativo ha emprendido proyectos más especializados y la creación de comunidades propias que alimenten modelos sostenibles. Uno de los ámbitos en los que emergen iniciativas, impulsadas por el nuevo contexto que inspira la ciencia abierta en el ámbito europeo, es la divulgación del conocimiento, donde ha habido un incremento de proyectos comunicativos, algunos en el sector periodístico. Desde finales de la década del 2000, en España han surgido diversos medios nativos digitales especializados en ciencia, como la agencia SINC, Materia (integrado posteriormente en el diario El País), Maldita Ciencia, la edición española de The Conversation o el Science Media Centre España. Para analizar esta tendencia, se investiga el caso de GCiencia, nativo digital en gallego especializado en ciencia, creado en 2013. Esta comunicación se basa en la aplicación del método de investigación histórico para describir el contexto mediático, político y económico en el que nace y se desarrolla GCiencia. La metodología se completa con un análisis de la evolución del producto mediante su exploración con Wayback Machine en cuanto al diseño del sitio web y la imagen de marca, la estructura, producción y licencia de los contenidos, las redes sociales en la que está presente el medio y su modelo de negocio. Los resultados muestran que GCiencia es un medio consolidado, con un notable seguimiento social, y sostenible, principalmente por la financiación pública.
... Por otra parte, en cuatro Centros de Ciencia de Colombia, específicamente en Bogotá y Medellín (las dos ciudades principales del país), se identificó una muestra teórica según los principios de los investigadores Strauss y Corbin (1989) . En el artículo se afirma que en la selección de la muestra teórica, los casos se eligieron para llenar categorías teóricas y proporcionar ejemplos de situaciones extremas y tipos polares de acuerdo con los aportes de Eisenhardt (1989). ...
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Objetivo. Examinar el papel de los Centros de Ciencia más prominentes de Colombia —Maloka, Explora, El Planetario Distrital y el Jardín Botánico de Medellín— en los programas desarrollados durante la última década. Método. Se utilizó una revisión detallada, en la que se destaca la diversidad de actividades, audiencias y temáticas abordadas por cada centro. Se analiza el impacto de estos programas en la comunidad local y nacional, así como los desafíos enfrentados y las oportunidades de mejora identificadas. Resultados. Este estudio contribuye a visibilizar la importante labor de estos centros en la promoción de la ciencia y la educación en Colombia, y ofrece recomendaciones para fortalecer su impacto en el futuro. Conclusiones. Los resultados presentados evidencian el papel relevante y significativo de los centros de ciencia en el país, enfatizando en como la apropiación de conocimiento sólo es posible si existe una política robusta, empática y decidida, para que la legislación que permita la inversión de recursos públicos suficientes en estas instituciones, pues están comprometidas con el desarrollo social en un amplio espectro.
... Second, this study follows a strict single case study approach (Eisenhardt, 1989;Pettigrew, 1990;Yin, 2009) ...
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Prior research has primarily focused on electronic Word of Mouth (e‐WOM) in consumer markets, lacking in‐depth exploration of its dynamics within B2B contexts. Addressing this gap, our study investigates e‐WOM in B2B markets on industrial internet platforms. Specifically, we examine how digital platform capabilities can be leveraged to create positive e‐WOM through multi‐actor value co‐creation processes. Utilizing a case study approach, we analyze heterogeneous data from multiple sources to understand how digital platform capabilities—such as digital ecological capability, digital coordination capability, and digital innovation capability—promote multi‐actor value co‐creation (including intrapreneurship within the focal firm, support for complementary products or services, and users' reciprocal participation), thereby disseminating positive e‐WOM in B2B markets. Our findings provide insights into e‐WOM in B2B markets and reveal the mechanisms of multi‐actor value co‐creation through which digital platform capabilities activate e‐WOM. This study enriches the theoretical framework of e‐WOM in B2B contexts and underscores the significance of digital transformation in enhancing interaction and collaboration among multiple actors on industrial internet platforms.
... Through the lens of institutional theory, this study used a multiple case study of the Monastery of San Placido (Italy) and the Monastery of Silos (Spain) in the span period 1671-1715, aligning with Eisenhardt (1989), Cooper and Morgan (2008) and Yin (2003), to provide indepth descriptions of the phenomenon. This approach, highlighted by Previts et al. (1990), facilitates a holistic view of accounting history issues, considering various variables for comprehensive analysis. ...
Article
Purpose This paper aims to explore how the accounting and management practices of monastic institutions were shaped by their surrounding social, political, geographical and economic environments, as well as religious ideologies, during critical historical periods. Design/methodology/approach By applying institutional theory and the comparative international accounting history perspective, this study conducts a comparative analysis of archival records from two monasteries, examining how their accounting and managerial practices were influenced by differing institutional logics. The research relies on systematic archival data collection, complemented by secondary sources, to analyze how religious beliefs shaped the accounting and management practices of these institutions and the degree of convergence between the two. Findings This study found that both monasteries adapted their accounting and management practices to their external environments. San Placido demonstrated resilience amidst disruptions such as wars and earthquakes, while Silos showed financial sophistication through diverse income streams. The resilience of these institutions was driven by their ability to align internal operations with external political, economic and social factors. This adaptability, coupled with strategic management, enhanced their capacity to maintain financial stability, illustrating the direct link between external changes, organizational resilience and improved financial health. Research limitations/implications This study highlights the historical interplay between religious principles and accounting management practices in Benedictine monasteries by comparing two monasteries. It reveals how external environments shape internal operations, showcasing the resilience and adaptability of these institutions in maintaining financial sustainability through the alignment of external pressures with internal resilience mechanisms, which in turn bolster their financial health. Originality/value This research contributes valuable insights to historical managerial and accounting literature, shedding light on the financial resilience and strategies used by Benedictine monasteries. It underscores the enduring respectful legacy of their accounting practices and the unique interplay between spiritual devotion and organizational structure within these institutions.
... Furthermore, there is also a comparative approach that compares different libraries and thus discusses the strengths and weaknesses and gives detailed recommendations on how LGBTQ+ inclusiveness can be enhanced in different contexts (Braun & Clarke, 2006). Thematic analysis is well suited for this study because it allows for a rich analysis of the data while giving a detailed understanding of how school libraries can improve the experience of LGBTQ+ students (Eisenhardt, 1989). ...
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This research explores the critical need for a holistic approach to LGBTQ+ inclusivity in school library services, moving beyond the traditional focus on collection development to address underexplored areas such as cataloguing practices, purchasing procedures, programming, policies, and community outreach. The school libraries often become a place of social stigma for LGBTQ+ students, and availability of fewer resources and institutional biases typically discourage them from accessing information and support from such libraries. For this purpose, this study will carry out research using a qualitative research design with the help of content analysis and case studies to identify the best practices and policies of selected school libraries in regard to addressing such matters. It sets much importance on cataloguing in such a way so that these LGBTQ+ resources, materials, etc. should be visible and accessible besides discussing budget limitations and community force behind acquiring the LGBTQ+ resources as a part of the library collection. This also emphasizes the requirement of an LGBTQ+ inclusive program with efficient community outreach that builds safe spaces for the student population LGBTQ+. The study further stresses the need for library policies and how librarians can become great advocates of LGBTQ+ rights and representation. A careful consideration of any aspect of library services described in this paper will help guide principles for making school libraries more inclusive and equitable. The implications are considered crucial for future research and practice, toward further development of library services to support the needs of LGBTQ+ students completely, which will enhance their well-being and academic success.
... The research design includes initial data collection and subsequent data analysis. For the data collection the guidance of Saunders et al. (2019) and Eisenhardt (1989) is considered, resulting in the initial preparation of an interview guideline, the selection of suitable interviewees, the conduction of the interviews and the documentation of these. The interview guideline was designed in a semi-structured form and divided into six sections. ...
... Burada belirtilen karmaşık konular; olgu, olay, durum, organizasyon, birey veya grup olabilmektedir (Harrison ve diğ., 2017). Vaka çalışmaları açıklama sağlamak, teoriyi test etmek veya teori oluşturmak gibi çeşitli amaçları gerçekleştirmek için birçok çalışmada başvurulan güçlü araştırma yöntemlerinden biridir (Eisenhardt, 1989). Vaka analizi sayesinde aynı firmada yer alan birden fazla sorunun bir araya getirilip, sorunlar arasında ilişki kurulması ile çözüme erişilmektedir (Sarı, 2019). ...
Conference Paper
9. Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amacı ve alt amaçları çerçevesinde gerçekleştirilen bir vaka çalışması ile sürdürülebilirliğin teknolojik yeniliklerle birlikte sürece etkisinin incelenmesi hedeflenmektedir. Amaç 9: “Sanayi Yenilikçilik ve Altyapı” olarak ifade edilmektedir. Dayanıklı alt yapılar tesis etmek, kapsayıcı ve sürdürülebilir sanayileşmeyi desteklemek ve yenilikçiliği güçlendirmek anlamlarını taşımaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, her sektörde olduğu gibi tekstil sektöründe de düşük kaynak kullanımı ilkesiyle tüketim, izlenebilirlik ve şeffaflık gibi sürdürülebilir kalkınma hedeflerinin uzun vadede dijitalleşmeyle birlikte katkılarını ve kalkınma hedeflerini başarma derecelerini araştırmaktır. Çalışma aşağıda ifade edilen araştırma soruları kapsamında bir örnek vaka üzerinde gerçekleştirilmiştir. Vaka konusu, orta ölçekli bir tekstil firmasıdır.
... Burada belirtilen karmaşık konular; olgu, olay, durum, organizasyon, birey veya grup olabilmektedir (Harrison ve diğ., 2017). Vaka çalışmaları açıklama sağlamak, teoriyi test etmek veya teori oluşturmak gibi çeşitli amaçları gerçekleştirmek için birçok çalışmada başvurulan güçlü araştırma yöntemlerinden biridir (Eisenhardt, 1989). Vaka analizi sayesinde aynı firmada yer alan birden fazla sorunun bir araya getirilip, sorunlar arasında ilişki kurulması ile çözüme erişilmektedir (Sarı, 2019). ...
Conference Paper
Bu araştırmada 17 başlık altında toplanan Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amaçlarından 13. Amaç kapsama alınmıştır. “İklim Eylemi” olarak adlandırılan 13. Amaç, bilişim sektörlerinde detaylı bir şekilde incelenmiştir. Araştırmanın çerçevesi BThaber tarafından 2019 Türkiye Bilişim Sektörünün İlk 500 Şirketi dergisinde yer alan firmaların web sayfalarına dayanarak oluşturulmuştur. Belirtilen firmaların web sitelerinde kamuya açık olarak paylaşılan sürdürülebilirlik raporları detaylı olarak incelenmiştir. Bu 500 firmanın 23’ ünde sürdürülebilirlik raporu olduğu görülmüştür. Firmaların sürdürülebilirlik raporları “İklim Eylemi” amacının 5 alt hedefi ve 3 indikatörü doğrultusunda değerlendirilmiştir. Bilişim sektöründe 13. Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Amacına ilişkin uygulamalar belirlenmiştir
... Following recommendations from several authors (e.g., Eisenhardt, 1989;Yin, 2014) that a study's sample should be a small number of extreme and transparent cases that illustrate the phenomenon of interest for theoretical saturation in case studies, we purposefully selected seven family businesses who were independently owned and managed by IBSA business families as the unit of analysis, excluding members from the Coloured and Indian population groups. We excluded these groups because their value and cultural systems differ vastly from those of the Black African population (du Plessis, Saccaggi, & de Bruin, 2015). ...
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This study aims to provide insights into the values entrenchment strategies that indigenous Black founders and next-generation (NextGen) leaders use in their efforts to entrench values into their family businesses. The study uses a qualitative methodology and an inductive approach, and draws on seven indigenous African family business cases operating in various industries within the services sector. Our findings show that founders and NextGen leaders use explicit and implicit carriers as they strive to entrench values in their family businesses. It was established that these leaders are influential institutional constituents who contribute to entrenching values into the family business and, by doing so, shape institutional knowledge. Our study contributes to family business literature by extending the founder centrality to include that of the NextGen leaders in values entrenchment, explaining how these leaders articulate their personal and family values and how they seek to translate them into family business values.
... Adopting Eisenhardt's (1989) suggestion of four to ten cases, the first author recruited nine cases through gatekeepers from local business support organizations and research institutions based on the above-mentioned criteria. To achieve a high level of comparability across cases (Ljungkvist, Evansluong, and Boers 2023), the first author chose three of the nine cases to gain a deeper understanding of their circumstances. ...
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This study explores the intricate dynamics of immigrant family entrepreneurship, examining how immigrant family entrepreneurs navigate tensions between economic and social integration for sustainability through three longitudinal case studies of immigrant family businesses. Utilizing paradox theory, we offer a multi-dimensional perspective that captures the complexity of immigrant family businesses in Sweden. Our research enriches existing theoretical frameworks on immigrant family entrepre-neurship by considering both economic and social facets in tandem. Our findings underscore the pivotal role of the family in navigating the tensions of immigrant family entrepreneurship, with family members acting both as facilitators and inhibitors. Our insights can guide policymakers and practitioners in fostering more inclusive and sustainable immigrant entrepreneurial communities in practice. This study contributes to the broader discourse on sustainability challenges in immigrant family entrepreneurship, aligning with the goals of social and economic sustainability.
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In this article, we analyze how different representation models of professional football players affect their salaries in salary negotiations. We distinguish between self-representation, representation by relatives and representation by player agencies. Based on the principal agent theory and against the background of asymmetric information, we hypothesize that the self-representation model has the most lucrative effect on salaries. Furthermore, we argue that the number of players represented by an agency has a negative effect on salaries. To test our hypotheses, we use a unique panel dataset containing 3,775 players from the top five European leagues over five collection dates. In addition to market values and salaries, we also include individual and team performance. Furthermore, we use information on the different representation models and, in the case of player agencies, information on the particular agency. In our study, we found no significant effect of the representation model on the salary of professional football players, which challenges the justification of agencies in general.
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A growing amount of information systems (IS) research is examining the use of social media to enable effective crisis response. However, existing studies have overlooked the impact of indigenous concepts, which play an important role in crisis response. Our study intends to offer an indigenous perspective to this research stream by examining how social media‐enabled crisis response is enacted in Vietnam. We used COVID‐19 as the focal crisis and collected a rich set of discussion threads from social media. By analysing the data through the grounded theory method, our study identifies the indigenous theoretical concept of tương thân tương ái. We further unveil a process model consisting of six mechanisms through which tương thân tương ái inspires crisis response on social media and three roles assumed by social media during this process. Our study contributes to the literature on social media‐enabled crisis response by providing an indigenous perspective and a context‐specific explanation. It also enriches IS theory in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) by investigating how the indigenous concept of tương thân tương ái influences Vietnam's crisis response on social media. Our findings also provide guidelines that can help communities beyond Vietnam to promote the values of tương thân tương ái during crisis response.
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Conference proceedings of the 3rd Blockchain and Cryptocurrency Conference (B2C' 2024), Tenerife (Canary Islands), Spain, 16-18 October 2024
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The chapter titled “The Triple Helix of Business Performance: Empirical Perspectives on Integrating People, Finance, and Market Strategies” explores the intricate interdependence of three critical dimensions within organizational management—Human Resources (People), Financial Management (Finance), and Market Strategy (Marketing). In today’s rapidly evolving business environment, successful organizations must move beyond traditional siloed approaches and embrace a holistic, integrated model for sustainable growth and competitive advantage. This chapter presents an empirical investigation into how aligning these three pillars enhances overall business performance, offering a data-driven framework for cross-functional collaboration. Beginning with an introduction to the Triple Helix Model, the chapter emphasizes the need for businesses to synchronize their people, finance, and marketing strategies, supported by a comprehensive review of relevant research and case studies. By drawing from empirical evidence, it shows that organizations that effectively integrate these areas are better positioned to achieve strategic coherence, foster innovation, and adapt to market shifts. The chapter is structured around three key sections, each dedicated to one of the core pillars of business performance: First, The People Pillar delves into the role of human capital in driving organizational success, offering empirical insights into workforce management, employee engagement, and the impact of HR policies on financial and market outcomes. It presents case studies that demonstrate the tangible benefits of employee-centric initiatives and how they lead to measurable financial gains. Second, The Finance Pillar focuses on strategic financial management, presenting evidence of how sound financial practices underpin both HR and market strategies. It examines the relationship between financial decision-making, resource allocation, and the long-term profitability of the organization, offering empirical data to show how financial performance is intertwined with HR efficiency and marketing success. Third, The Market Pillar highlights the importance of market strategy alignment with HR capabilities and financial resources. This section provides case studies and empirical research that reveal how organizations can craft effective market strategies by leveraging their human capital and financial assets, particularly in the digital age where data analytics and customer-centric approaches are crucial. A key theme of the chapter is the synergistic relationship between these three pillars. Through empirical case studies and quantitative models, the chapter demonstrates how organizations can optimize performance by harmonizing HR policies, financial metrics, and market strategies. Companies that successfully integrate these elements are shown to achieve superior business outcomes, from increased profitability and market share to enhanced employee satisfaction and customer engagement. The chapter also introduces empirical models and frameworks for assessing the effectiveness of this integration, including quantitative tools for measuring cross-functional alignment and predictive analytics for strategic decision-making. These models provide practical insights for business leaders looking to implement data-driven approaches that align HR, finance, and marketing for long-term success. In conclusion, the chapter offers a forward-looking perspective on the evolving dynamics of business integration, particularly in light of technological advancements such as AI and big data, which are reshaping how organizations manage people, finances, and market strategies. It calls on business leaders to adopt a holistic, evidence-based approach to navigating complexity and achieving operational resilience in an increasingly interconnected world. This empirical exploration of the Triple Helix of business performance serves as both a conceptual framework and a practical guide for organizations seeking to enhance their competitive advantage through integrated management practices. The chapter provides actionable insights and data-driven strategies that can be applied across industries, fostering innovation, efficiency, and sustainable growth.
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State-owned universities worldwide are facing challenges that cast doubt on the effectiveness of their internal audit departments. The objective of the study was to assess the current state of internal audit functions in terms of performance in Zimbabwe's higher education institutions. The research utilised a multi-case study approach, focusing specifically on state universities in Zimbabwe. Data was collected through a survey distributed to auditees in these state-owned universities and analysed the responses using multiple regression analysis. For rigor and robustness, the quantitative data was triangulated with the qualitative analysis of the auditor general reports covering the years 2013 to 2021. The qualitative findings showed that auditees generally lacked knowledge about the performance of internal audit functions in public universities. Further, the auditor general reports revealed the malpractices in state universities in the presence of internal auditors. The study recommends raising awareness about the importance of internal audit functions within university communities through training, education and displaying the internal audit charter on the university website. The auditor general must be proactive by conducting audits of the internal audit function in the state-owned universities. The lack of awareness about the internal audit function despite over a decade of existence in the ZSUs is an indication of the low value attached to the departments.
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