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0005. Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Backeb.

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Gianluca Nicolella at Sapienza University of Rome
Gianluca Nicolella
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Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Backeb. Entità esotica nuova per la regione Campania Alien species new for the flora of Campania (Italy)
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58 ActaPlantarum notes 1
0005. Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.) Backeb.
Gianluca Nicolella
loka75@libero.it
http://www.actaplantarum.org/floraitaliae/viewtopic.php?&t=37552
Entità esotica nuova per la regione Campania
Barano d’Ischia (NA), Loc. I Maronti, incolto e rupe dietro la
spiaggia, 5 m, mag 2012.
Cactacea sudamericana segnalata per la prima volta in Ita-
lia da Guiggi (2008) che la indica per Liguria, Toscana, Sici-
lia e Sardegna e successivamente (Guiggi, 2010) anche per
Puglia e Calabria. Gli esemplari rinvenuti sull’isola d’Ischia
erano in ambiente decisamente disturbato e molto probabil-
mente evasi da qualche giardino sovrastante. Conferma dell'i-
dentificazione da foto da parte di A. Guiggi.
Guiggi A., 2008 – Catalogo delle Cactaceae naturalizzate in Italia
con osservazioni tassonomiche, nomenclaturali e corologiche. Riv. Piem. St. Nat. 29: 103-
140.
Guiggi A., 2010 – Aggiunte e correzioni al Catalogo delle Cactaceae naturalizzate in Italia.
Riv. Piem. St. Nat. 31: 35-54.
Austrocylindropuntia subulata
(Muehlenpf.) Backeb. Mappa di
distribuzione regionale. Tratta da:
IPFI, Index Plantarum Florae
Italicae
Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.)
Backeb.
Foto di Gianluca Nicolella.
Austrocylindropuntia subulata (Muehlenpf.)
Backeb.
Foto di Gianluca Nicolella.
... San Pietro (SA), 64 m a.s.l., 457900-4497110. NOTES -In Campania this species was previously reported in the province of Naples for Barano d'Ischia (Nicolella, 2013) and in the province of Salerno for Capaccio Paestum (Del Guacchio & La Valva, 2017). A. subulata was introduced through residual pruning of plants cultivated nearby and subsequently spread. ...
... Longo (SA), 388 m a.s.l., 476172-4510397. NOTES -This archaeophyte was previously reported in Campania for several sites in the provinces of Caserta, Naples and Salerno (Guadagno, 1931;Moggi, 1955;De Natale & La Valva, 2000;Ricciardi et al., 2004;Stinca & Motti, 2009, 2013Stinca et al., 2015b;Del Guacchio & La Valva, 2017). ...
New additions to the exotic vascular flora of Campania (Southern Italy)
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New data concerning the distribution of 41 non-native species for Campania are presented. Acer saccharinum subsp. saccharinum and Jacaranda mimosifolia are reported for the first time in the Italian peninsula and in continental Italy, respectively. Euphorbia pulcherrima is excluded from Italian exotic flora. Using data from field surveys in Campania the naturalization status of Cenchrus longispinus was also updated. Finally, new sites are given for 37 other alien species previously reported for Campania.
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... A large number of succulent species belonging to this family are cultivated extensively on the islands, mainly as ornamentals, some of which were recently reported to have escaped and established. For instance, Austrocylindropuntia subulata, which was recorded as a species that grows spontaneously outside cultivation for the first time in Italy only in 2001 (Guiggi 2008;Nicolella 2013), now occurs on 16 islands. This makes it not only the most frequent naturalized species in the investigated islands (Table 1), but also the species that has expanded most since the previous survey, it being found on an additional 10 islands ( Table 2). ...
Plant invasions on small Mediterranean islands: An overview
Article
Full-text available
  • Jan 2016
Biological invasions have become one of the main drivers of habitat degradation and a leading cause of biodiversity loss in island ecosystems worldwide. The spread of invasive species poses a particular environmental threat on the islands of the Mediterranean Basin, which are hot spots of biodiversity and contain rare habitats and endemic species, especially on small islands, which are highly vulnerable to biodiversity loss. Following a recent survey, in this paper we aim to provide an overview of the present-day non-native vascular flora of small Mediterranean islands based on a sample of 37 islands located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of Italy. By comparing the current data with those gathered during a previous survey conducted in the same study area, we also aim to highlight the main changes that have occurred in non-native plant species diversity, establishment and distribution in recent years and to present a first general overview of the most prominent plant taxa in the island’s introduced flora, focusing on those most responsible for these changes and those that pose the greatest environmental threats. We recorded 203 non-native plant species, 147 of which have established on at least one of the islands investigated. Overall, we detected a sharp increase in the number of species, in their levels of establishment and in the extent of their distribution within the study area in recent years. This may be explained by the intensification of research on plant invasions, as well as to new introduction, escape, establishment and invasion events on the islands in recent decades. The most remarkable plants detected include acacias and succulents, two groups that appear to be emerging very rapidly and to be posing new threats to the conservation of the islands’ natural environment, especially the genus Carpobrotus, whose spread into natural habitats containing rare and endemic taxa is seriously threatening biodiversity on both a local and global scale. On the whole, our results show that the plant invasion phenomenon in the study area has in recent years intensified considerably. As this process seems likely to continue, we should expect more establishment events in the future and the further spread of species that are already present. This is of particular conservation concern on the islands investigated in this survey, which are rich in endemisms, but have been facing deep socio-economic and environmental transformations in these last decades as a consequence of the abandonment of traditional management practices and the development of tourism. Our study thus confirms that plant invasions on Mediterranean islands are a serious environmental problem that threatens biodiversity conservation not only in the Mediterranean biogeographic region, but also on the global scale, and highlights the need to further increase efforts aimed at preventing, controlling or mitigating the effects of plant invasions in island ecosystems.
View
... A large number of succulent species belonging to this family are cultivated extensively on the islands, mainly as ornamentals, some of which were recently reported to have escaped and established. For instance, Austrocylindropuntia subulata, which was recorded as a species that grows spontaneously outside cultivation for the first time in Italy only in 2001 (Guiggi 2008;Nicolella 2013), now occurs on 16 islands. This makes it not only the most frequent naturalized species in the investigated islands (Table 1), but also the species that has expanded most since the previous survey, it being found on an additional 10 islands ( Table 2). ...
Plant invasions on small Mediterranean islands: An overview
Article
Full-text available
  • Sep 2016
Biological invasions have become one of the main drivers of habitat degradation and a leading cause of biodiversity loss in island ecosystems worldwide. The spread of invasive species poses a particular environmental threat on the islands of the Mediterranean Basin, which are hot spots of biodiversity and contain rare habitats and endemic species, especially on small islands, which are highly vulnerable to biodiversity loss. Following a recent survey, in this paper we aim to provide an overview of the present-day non-native vascular flora of small Mediterranean islands based on a sample of 37 islands located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, off the coast of Italy. By comparing the current data with those gathered during a previous survey conducted in the same study area, we also aim to highlight the main changes that have occurred in non-native plant species diversity, establishment and distribution in recent years and to present a first general overview of the most prominent plant taxa in the island’s introduced flora, focusing on those most responsible for these changes and those that pose the greatest environmental threats. We recorded 203 non-native plant species, 147 of which have established on at least one of the islands investigated. Overall, we detected a sharp increase in the number of species, in their levels of establishment and in the extent of their distribution within the study area in recent years. This may be explained by the intensification of research on plant invasions, as well as to new introduction, escape, establishment and invasion events on the islands in recent decades. The most remarkable plants detected include acacias and succulents, two groups that appear to be emerging very rapidly and to be posing new threats to the conservation of the islands’ natural environment, especially the genus Carpobrotus, whose spread into natural habitats containing rare and endemic taxa is seriously threatening biodiversity on both a local and global scale. On the whole, our results show that the plant invasion phenomenon in the study area has in recent years intensified considerably. As this process seems likely to continue, we should expect more establishment events in the future and the further spread of species that are already present. This is of particular conservation concern on the islands investigated in this survey, which are rich in endemisms, but have been facing deep socio-economic and environmental transformations in these last decades as a consequence of the abandonment of traditional management practices and the development of tourism. Our study thus confirms that plant invasions on Mediterranean islands are a serious environmental problem that threatens biodiversity conservation not only in the Mediterranean biogeographic region, but also on the global scale, and highlights the need to further increase efforts aimed at preventing, controlling or mitigating the effects of plant invasions in island ecosystems.
View
Catalogo delle Cactaceae naturalizzate in Italia con osservazioni tassonomiche
  • Jan 2008
  • 103-140
  • A Guiggi
Guiggi A., 2008-Catalogo delle Cactaceae naturalizzate in Italia con osservazioni tassonomiche, nomenclaturali e corologiche. Riv. Piem. St. Nat. 29: 103140.
Aggiunte e correzioni al Catalogo delle Cactaceae naturalizzate in Italia
  • Jan 2010
  • 35-54
  • A Guiggi
Guiggi A., 2010-Aggiunte e correzioni al Catalogo delle Cactaceae naturalizzate in Italia. Riv. Piem. St. Nat. 31: 35-54.