A Catalogue of the Bulgarian Lepidoptera species reported and collected from the caves and galleries in Bulgaria (Insecta: Lepidoptera)

Abstract

Abstract: In the “Catalogue” all existing speleological and entomological literature concerning Microlepidoptera and Macrolepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths) fauna, found in caves and galleries, are presented together with the results of several years’ studies by the authors. For every individual species, that is extant in every reported cave and gallery, as well as the authors who have made the report, is included. New data, most recently gathered are reported as well. Several species are new for the cave fauna of Bulgaria, some others are all together new to the caves. One species is new for the Bulgarian fauna. The number of the established up until now Lepidoptera species in the caves and galleries in Bulgaria is 32.

Full text

Atalanta (May 1996) 27(1/2):433-448, Würzburg, ISSN 0171-0079
A catalogue of the Bulgarian Lepidoptera species reported
and collected from the caves and galleries in Bulgaria
(Insecta, Lepidoptera)
by
Sto ya n Be s h k o v & Bo y an Petr o v
received 2.11.1996
Abs tract: In the “Catalogue” all existing speleological and entomological literature concern
ing Microlepidoptera and Macrolepidoptera (Butterflies and Moths) fauna, found in caves and
galleries, are presented together with the results of several years’ studies by the authors. For
every individual species, that is extant in every reported cave and gallery, as well as the
authors who have made the report, is included. New data, most recently gathered are re
ported as well. Several species are new for the cave fauna of Bulgaria, some others are all
together new to the caves. One species is new for the Bulgarian fauna. The number of the
established up until now Lepidoptera species in the caves and galleries in Bulgaria is 32.
Introduction
For a considerable length of time the Bulgarian cave fauna has been of interest to many
researchers, both Bulgarians and foreign. Although considerable data concerning the fauna
of Lepidoptera of the caves and galleries in Bulgaria exists, having been published in nu
merous articles, up until now only one study (Skalski, 1972) concerns the Lepidoptera cave
fauna. This article however explores only a small part of the country, the Iskar Gorge, (the
Lakatnik Railway Station area). All other data are published in the speleological literature
(Beron, 1972, Beron, 1975, Beron, P. & V. Gueorguiev, 1967, Gueorguiev & Ber on, 1962)
and other, or in lepidopterological ones (Beshkow, 1992, Beshkov, 1995, Buresch, 1934,
Buresc h, 1936, Buresch, 1939, Buresch & Tuleschkow 1932, 1935, 1936, Ganev, 1985,
Kolev, 1993) and others. For the above reasons, including the difficult access to most of the
articles quoted, having been published in various journals in Bulgaria and abroad, and in
several languages, we deemed it necessary to collect and publish all data concerning the
Bulgarian butterflies and moths fauna reported from the caves and galleries. In this cata
logue, we have provided the data we have collected over a period of years. For each of the
species we offer all of the caves and galleries and the authors that have reported them, as
well as our latest data. The order of the families is given according to Leraut (1980) and ANE
(1988). The systematics of the family Noctuidae is given according to Fibiger & Hacker
(1990; 1992).
Most of the unpublished data presented here has been collected by the authors (primary by
B. Petrov) as a result of several years’ research on the fauna of caves conducted throughout
the country. The names of all of the colleagues and friends who were so kind to collect
material for the preparation of this Catalogue are mentioned in the text. The materials without
any mentioned collector have been collected by the author S. Beshkov. The entire material
has been determined by S. Beshkov. For the purpose of avoiding future misunderstandings,
all of the Microlepidoptera species, as well as the specimens of the genus
Auto p h ila
and
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some others Noctuidae and Geometridae, are determined taking into account their differ
ences in the genitals. All the mentioned material is found in the collection of S. Beshkov.
Family Tineidae
Tinea
spec.
Mentioned as “trogloxen ?" in Gueorguiev & Beron (1962).
Reported from:
“Souhata (“Razhishkata”) Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge,
19.X. 1939, two specimens, Pittioni leg., det. Buresch (Gueorguiev & Beron, 1962; Beron,
1975).
M on opi s ob vie lla
([D en is & Schi ffe rmü lle r], 1775)
Trogloxen (G u eor guiev & B er on , 1962; Ber on , 1994).
The upper entrance of the “Parnitzite” Cave near to Bezhanovo Village, Cherven Bryag Re
gion, 21.1.1995, B. Petrov & P. Stoev leg. 4 males specimens (Gen. preps 1—2./06.II. 1995,
Beshkov) on guano and clay.
Reported from:
“Zmeiovi Doupki” Cave near to Sliven Town, one specimen in September 1942, N. Radev
leg., det. Buresch as
M on op is fe rru gi ne lla
Hübner, 1785 (Gueorguiev & Beron, 1962).
M o 
nop is fe rr ug ine lla
Hübner, [1813] according to Leraut (1983) and ANE (1988) is a synonym
of
M on op is ob vi ella
([Denis & Schiffermüller], 1775).
M on opi s rus ticella
(Hübner, 1796) =
sa ture lla
(Haworth, 1828)
Subtroglophil.
“Tilki-lnhi” Cave near to Ostrovitza Village, Kardzhali Region, East Rhodopi Mts, 17.XI.1991,
one female specimen, B. Petrov & T. Ivanova leg., Gen. prep. 3./19.XII.1994, Beshkov.
“Kolibata” Cave near to Beledie Han Village, Kostinbrod Region, 02.111.1994, B. Petrov leg.
one female specimen, Gen. prep. 4./19.XII.1994, Beshkov.
The upper entrance of the “Parnitzite” Cave near to Bezhanovo Village, Cherven Bryag Re
gion, 21.1.1995, B. Petrov & P. Sto ev leg. 1 male specimen (Gen. prep. 3./06.II. 1995, Besh
kov) on guano and clay.
New for the cave fauna of Bulgaria.
Further data of the cave-dwelling Tineid moths, as well as illustrations and descriptions of the
species and their genitalia, wing venation, substrate and distribution of some species with a
key to determination exist in the the Taxonomic Review of the World Cave-Dwelling Species
from Robinson (1980).
Family Yponomeutidae
Y pso lop hu s w olf sc hla eger i
(R eb el, 1941)
Trogloxen (G u eor gu iev & Be ron, 1962; Be ron , 1975; Bero n, 1994).
Reported from:
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“Souhata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge (Rebel, 1941;
Gueorg uie v & B eron , 1962; Beron , 1975) as
C ero sto ma w olf schl ae ge ri
Rbl . “Souhata
Doupka" Cave is the type locality of the species.
D ig iti va lv a
gran/fe//a Treitsch ke, 1833
Trogloxen (G u eorguie v & Bero n, 1962; Bero n, 1975; Beron, 1994).
“Doupcheto” Cave near to “Lepenitza” Pit, 16 km from Velingrad Town, West Rhodopi Mts,
25.XI.1993, in a depth 25 -8 m, B. Petrov and P. Sto ev collected 3 males specimens, Gen.
preps. 5—7./19.XII.1994, Beshk ov.
Reported from:
‘Temnata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge (S kalski, 1972;
Beron, 1972; Beron , 1975).
“Razhishkata” (“Souhata”) Doupka” Cave, near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar
Gorge, 19.X.1939, two specimens, Pittioni leg., det. Bures ch (Gu eor guie v & Ber on , 1962;
Skalski, 1972; Beron, 1975).
“Bacho Kiro” Cave (“Dryanovskata Peshtera” Cave) near to Dryanovo, Gabrovo Region (G u e
org uiev & Beron, 1962; Tulesh kov, 1930; Sk als ki, 1972).
D igi tiva lv a pu iic aria e
(Kl imesc h, 1956)
Trogloxen (Ber on, 1975; Ber on , 1994).
Reported from;
‘Temnata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge (S kalski, 1972;
Ber on , 1972; Bero n, 1975).
"Kozarskata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge (Skalski,
1972; Be ro n, 1972; Bero n, 1975).
Family Alucitidae
A luc ita hu eb ne ri
Walle ng ren, 1859
Trogloxen (Gueorguiev & Beron , 1962; Beron, 1994).
Reported from:
‘Temnata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge as
Orneodes
huebneri
(Walle ng re n, 1859) tw o specimens, 13.V.1924 leg. and det. Bure sch (Gueo rg uie v
& Ber on, 1962; Be ron , 1975).
“Golema Podlisca" Cave, Tarnovo Region (Buresch, 1936; Gueorguiev & Beron, 1962 ).
“Kalugerova Doupka" Cave near to Tarnovo Town, one specimen, 21.11.1926, leg. and det.
Buresch (Gueorguiev & Beron, 1962).
“Dalbokata Peshtera" Cave near to Kotel Town, Sliven Region, 27.IX.1924, one specimen
Radev leg., det. Buresch (Gueorguiev & Beron, 1962).
A luci ta c ym m ato da cty la
Zell er , 1852
Subtroglophil.
"Prilepnata Peshtera” Cave, East Rhodopi Mts, Sredna Arda Railway Station, Kardzhali Re
gion, 31.111.1992;
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"Tilki-lnhi” Cave, near to Ostrovitza Village, Kardzhali Region, East Rhodopi Mts, 01.IV.1992,
1 male Gen. prep. Beschkov, 4./23.IV.1993;
“Razklonenata Peshtera” Cave (Gugini) between Koulich and Oreshari Villages, Arda valley,
East Rhodopi Mts. 03.IV. 1992.
“Starshelitza" Cave above Goleshovo Village, 1000 m, SW Bulgaria, South Pirin Mts, 29.XI.
1992 three female specimens (B. Petrov leg. Gen. prep. Besh kov , 2.-4./27.IV.1993.); Idem,
20.111.1993 five specimens Gen. prep. Beshkov, 5.-9./23.IV.1993;
Kresnensko Defile Gorge, Station Stara Kresna, 200m, 01.10.1988 in gallery; Idem, 05.III.
1994, one female specimen, Gen. prep. 1./19.XII.1994, Beshk ov.
Melnik Town, Sandanski Region, 400 m, 02.11.1990 one female in gallery.
“Salievata Peshtera” Cave near to Gospodintzi Village, Gotze Delchev Region, SW Bulgaria,
02.XI.1994, B. Pet rov leg. one female specimen, Gen. prep. 4./16.XI.1994, Beshkov.
“Maarata” Cave by Madretz Village, Perperek Region, East Rhodopi Mt, 10.X.1995, B. Pe
trov and P. Stoev leg. 1 female specimen, Gen. prep. 3./26.XI.1995, Beshko v.
New for the cave fauna of Bulgaria.
A luc ita p oe cilo da cty la
Alph er aky , 1876
Trogloxen.
Gallery by Stara Kresna Railway Station, Sw Bulgaria, 05.111.1994, one male specimen, Gen.
prep. 2./19.XII.1994, Bes hko v.
This species has never been reported for the fauna of caves and galleries in Bulgaria. New
species for the Bulgarian fauna.
Family Nymphalidae
In ac his io
(Linn ae us, 1758)
Trogloxen.
"Emenskata Peshtera” Cave near to Emen Village, Veliko Tarnovo Region, 12.1.1989, Vl.
Beshkov observed approximately 30 specimens at a depth between 3 0 -80 m
"Starshelitza” Cave above Goleshovo Village, 1000m, Sw Bulgaria, South Pirin Mts, 29.XI.
1992 (B. Pe trov leg.).
Galleries “Katakombite” near to the Black-Sea Coast, Aladja Manastir, 31. VII. 1993., P. Mitov
leg. two male specimens.
“Souhata Peshtera” Cave near to Velingrad Town, West Rhodopi Mts, 25.XI. 1993, one spe
cimen, B. Petro v and P. Sto ev observed.
“Goliamata Kauna” Cave, West Rhodopi Mts, near to Zabardo Village, 1250m, 25.XI.1993,
Vl. Beshkov observed 3 specimens;
Gallery near to Mala Tcharkva Village, Rila Mts, 05.11.1994, 1 specimen, Vl. B eshkov leg.
“Dinevata Pesht” Cave near to Gintzi Village, West Stara Planina Mts, 05.XI.1995, one spe
cimen, Vl. Beshkov observed.
“Svinskara Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station, 27.XI.1994, B. Petrov observed.
Gallery near to Dolna Byala Rechka Village, Barshetz Region, West Stara Planina Mts, 21.1.
1995, Vl. Beshk ov & I. Pandur ski observed 10 specimens.
Gallery near to Rila Town, 600m alt., 11.11.1995, V l. Beshk ov observed single specimen.
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Gallery above Gorna Byala Rechka Village, Vrachanska Stara Planina Mts, 620 m, 24.XI.
1995, Vl. Beshkov leg. 6 specimens.
Gininata Pestera Cave near to Sadovetz Village, Pleven Region, 17.XII.1995, B. Petrov leg.
1 specimen.
Cave No. 3218, Dodalitza 2, Thairdere, Trigrad Region in Rhodopi Mts, 30.XI. 1995, B. Petrov
leg. 1 specimen.
Gallery near to Melnik Town, Sandanski Region, SW Bulgaria, 21.X. 1995, S. Beshkov &
V. Gashtarov leg. 7 specimens.
N ym ph alis p ol yc hlo ro s
(Lin na eu s, 1758)
Trogloxen.
Gallery near to Melnik Town, Sandanski Region, Sw Bulgaria, 13.IX.1992, one specimen;
Idem, 21 .X.1995, S. Beshkov & V. Gashtarov leg. 2 specimens; in the gallery of the Kordopu-
lovata Kashta Museum in Melnik Town, 14.IX.1995, 11 specimens, S. Beshko v & B. Goater
leg.
“Aram iiska Dupka” Cave near to Levunovo Village, Petrich Region, SW Bulgaria, 05.XII.1994,
V. Gashta rov leg., two specimens.
"Aramiiska Dupka” Cave near to Levunovo Village, Petrich Region, SW Bulgaria, 1.1996,
V. Gashtaro v leg., 1 male specimen.
The species has never been reported from the caves and galleries in Bulgaria.
A glais u rtic ae
(Lin na eu s, 1758)
Trogloxen.
"Golyamata Kauna” Cave near to Zabardo Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 1250m, 25.XI.1993,
VI. Beshkov observed 1 specimen.
The species has never been reported for the fauna of the caves and galleries in Bulgaria.
Family Saturniidae
S atu rn ia sp irit
([D en is & Sc hif fer mu lle r], 1775)
Trogloxen (Gue org uiev & Bero n, 1962; Beron, 1994).
Reported from:
“Doupkite” Cave near to Tchepelare Town, 1150 m, Smolyan Region, West Rhodopi Mts,
(Ra dev , 1928, Gueo rgu iev & Be ron, 1962).
In Radev (1928:129) the species is mentioned only with the Bulgarian name “Malkoto Pau-
novo Oko” without any scientific name. Following this report, Gue orguiev & Ber on (1962:
334) without any explonation reported the species as
S atu rnia spini.
We consider that this
species has to be
S atu rn ia pa vo nia
(Linn ae us, 1758) for the reason that the Bulgarian name
in Rad ev (1928) corresponds to this species and the day of the collecting (30.VI.1924) and
altitude (1150 m) are more suitable for
S atu rn ia pav on ia
L. But it is more possible the spe 
cimen to belong to
In ac his io
(L.) as well as.
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Family Geometridae
X an tho rh oe flu ctu at a
(Lin na eu s, 1758)
Trogloxen.
Gallery above Gorna Byala Rechka Village, Vrachanska Stara Planina Mts, 800 m, 05.VI.
1994, B. Petrov and P. St oev leg. 1 male specimen (Beshko v, 1995).
Neb ula n eb ula ta
(Treitsc hk e, 1828)
Trogloxen.
“Gininata Peshtera” Cave near to Sadovetz Village, Pleven Region, 09.VII.1990, 1 male
specimen (Gen. prep. Beschkov, 2./23.IV.1993) - on a dusk wall at approximately 10-12 m
depth.
New species for the cave fauna of Bulgaria.
Tr ipho sa sa ba ud iata
(Duponchel, 1830)
Trogloxen (Gueor guiev & Be ron, 1962). According to (Be ron, 1972; Ber on , 1975; Beron ,
1994) this species is a subtroglophil. We also consider this species as a subtroglophil.
“Haidushkata Peshtera" Cave near to Devintzi Village, Pleven Region, 08.VII.1990;
Cave "14” near to “Prohodna” Cave, Karloukovo district, 23.X.1993, B. Petr ov leg.
“Morovitza” Cave near to Glozhene Village, Teteven Region, 9 00-1 000 m, between 5 0-
100m from entrance, 01.XI.1993, one male specimen, B. Petrov leg.
"Souhata Peshtera" Cave near to Velingrad Town, West Rhodopi Mts, 25.XI.1993, one spe
cimen, B. Petrov and P. St oev observed.
"Gorna Karanska Doupka” Cave near to Yagodina Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 26 .XI.1993,
3 specimens, Vl. Beshkov observed.
"Kama Doupka" Cave near to Yagodina Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.XI.1993, 4-5 spe
cimens, Vl. Beshkov observed.
“Mechata Doupka” Cave near to Bov Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge, 30.1.1994, B. Petrov
& P. Stoev collected 1 male specimen.
“Kolibata" Cave near to Beledie Han Village, Kostinbrod Region, 02.111.1994, B. Petr ov leg.
one male specim en; 20.XI.1994, B. Petrov leg. one male specimen;
“Dinevata Pesht” Cave, near to Gintzi Village, West Stara Planina Mts, 05.XI.1994, about 30
specimens observed, Vl. Besh kov; 25.XI.1994 the same quantity, Vl. Beshkov observed.
The Cave near to Philipovtzi Village, Tran Region, 12.XI.1994, approximately 30 specimens,
Vl. Beshkov observed;
“Vodnata" gallery by Siristna Reka River in the region between Iskretzki Sanatorium and
Mecha Polyana 800m, Svoge Region, 02.1.1995, Vl. Beshkov and P. Beron observed 15-20
specimens at a depth 20 to 50 m
"Svinskata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station, 27.XI.1994, 2 specimens, B. Pe
trov leg.
Gallery near to Dolna Byala Rechka Village, Barshetz Region, West Stara Planina Mts, 21.1.
1995, Vl. B eshkov & I. Pandurski observed 12-15 specimens; Idem, 24.XI.1995, Vl. Be
shkov leg. 10 specimens.
Gallery by Siristna Reka River in the region between Iskretzki Sanatorium and Mecha Poly
ana 700m, Svoge Region, 25.XI.1995, Vl. Beshkov leg. 10 specimens.
Reported from:
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“Kuminceto” (“Propastite”) Cave near to Ganchevtzi Village, Trjavna District (B ures ch , 1924;
Bure sch & Tule sc hko w, 1936; Gu eorguie v & Ber on, 1962).
"Venetzo 1-G ornjata” Cave near to Tcheliustnitza Village, Michailovgrad Region (B eron,
1972; Beron, 1975).
“Stanishina Doupka” Cave near to Repljana Village, Vidin Region (Beron, 1972; Beron,
1975).
“Goljamata Doupka” Cave near to Repljana Village, Vidin Region (Ber on, 1972; Beron,
1975).
“Doupkata v Presecheno” Cave near to Repljana Village (Beron, 1972; Beron, 1975).
The Caves near to Beledie Han Village, West of Sofia, Kostinbrod Region (B ur esc h & Tu
les ch kow , 1936).
“Temnata Doupka" Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge (Bur es ch , 1926;
Bur es ch , 1934; Bure sch & Tules ch kow , 1936; Gu eor guie v & Ber on, 1962; Skalski, 1972;
Beron, 1975).
“Zadanenka” Cave near to Karlukovo Village, Iskar Gorge (Bure sch & Tul esc hk ow , 1936),
(Gueorg uie v & B er on, 1962; Ber on, 1975).
"Marina Doupka" Cave near to Breze Village, Svoge District, West Stara Planina Mts, (Bu
resc h & Tul esc hk ow, 1936; G ue org uie v & B er on , 1962; Ber on , 1975).
“Razhishkata (“Souhata”) Doupka” Cave, near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge
(Bure sch & Tuleschko w, 1936; Gueor guie v & Ber on , 1962; Ber on, 1975).
“Vodnata Doupka” Cave near to Tzerovo Village, Iskar Gorge (Bu resch & Tul es chkow , 1936;
Gueorg uie v & Ber on, 1962; Beron, 1975).
“Vodni Pech” (“Pechova Doupka”) Cave near to Oreshetz Railway Station, Vidin Region (Bu
resc h & Tul esc hkow, 1936; Gueo rgu iev & Beron, 1962; Bero n, 1975).
"Douhlata" Cave near to Bosnek Village, Pernik Region (Gueo rguiev & B eron , 1962).
The Caves near to Dryanovo Town, Gabrovo Region (Bures ch & Tulesch kow, 1936).
Tr ipho sa d ub ita ta
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Trogloxen (Gueorgu iev & Ber on , 1962); Subtroglophil (B eron, 1972; Be ron, 1975; Beron,
1994). We consider this species as a subtroglophil.
Cave near to Bosnek Village, Vitosha Mts, 18.VII.1989, E. Naneva leg.
"Haidoushkata Peshtera” Cave near to Devintzi Village, Pleven Region, 08.VII.1990.
“Han Maara” Cave, Central Stara Planina Mts, near to “Ray” chalet, in altitude 1500 m, 08.XII.
1992, B. Petrov leg.;
Gallery “Ourvich” near to Pancharevo Village, Iskar Valley, Sofia Region, 17.X.1993, B. Pe
trov leg.;
“Morovitza” Cave near to Glozhene Village, Teteven Region, 9 00-1000 m, between 5 0-
100m from entrance, 01 .XI.1993, one female specimen, B. Petrov leg.;
“Doupcheto” Cave near to “Lepenitza” Pit, 16 km from Velingrad Town, West Rhodopi Mts,
25.XI. 1993, one specimen, B. Pe trov .and P. Stoev observed.
“Mechata Doupka” Cave nearto Bov Railway Station in the IskarGorge, 30.1.1994, B. Petrov
& P. St oev collected 2 female specimens.
"Dinevata Pesht” Cave near to Gintzi Village, West Stara Planina Mts, 05.XI.1995, 4 spe
cimens, Vl. B eshkov observed; Idem, 25.XI.1994 the same quontity, Vl. Beshkov observed.
Gallery nea rto Rila Town, 600m alt., 11.11.1995, Vl. Beshkov observed three specimens.
‘Toplya” Cave neat Golyama Zhelyazna Village, 11.111.1995, B. Petrov leg.
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Gallery above Gorna Byala Rechka Village, Vrachanska Stara Planina Mts, 520 m, 24.XI.
1995, Vl. Beshkov leg. 2 specimens.
Gallery by Siristna Reka River in the region between Iskretzki Sanatorium and Mecha Poly
ana 700m, Svoge Region, 25.XI.1995, Vl. Beshkov leg. 3 specimens.
Gininata Pestera Cave near to Sadovetz Village, Pleven Region, 17.XII.1995, B. Petr ov leg.
1 female specimen.
Cave No. 3218, Dodalitza 2, Thairdere, Trigrad Region in Rhodopi Mts, 30.XI.1995, B. Petrov
leg. 1 female specimen.
Reported from:
"Razhishkata ("Souhata”) Doupka" Cave, near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge,
21 .XI.1924 two specim ens (leg. and det. Bure sch ) (Gueo rgu iev & Beron , 1962).
“Temnata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge (Slivov, 1968;
Bero n, 1972; Ber on, 1975).
“Dryanovskata Peshtera” Cave near to Kotel Town (B ure sch & Tuleschko w, 1936; Gu eor
guie v & Ber on , 1962).
“Dalbokata Peshtera” Cave near to Kotel Town (Bures ch & Tule schkow, 1936; Gueo rgu iev
& Beron, 1962).
“Ledenika” Cave near to Vratza Town (B ure sch & Tul esc hko w, 1936; Gue org uiev & Bero n,
1962).
E up ithec ia unda ta
(Freyer, 1840)
Trogloxen ? (Gueorg uiev & Beron, 1962).
Reported from:
Cave in the Karlovsky Balkan (Karlovska Stara Planina Mts) in altitude 150 0-1 600 m as
Tep hro cly stia und ata
Frr. (=
scr ip taria
Herrich-Sc haffe r) (Dren ow sk i, 1930; Gueo rgu iev
& Beron, 1962).
Family Sphingidae
M ac rog loss um ste la tar um
(Linnaeu s, 1758)
Trogloxen.
"Kolibata” Cave near to Beledie Han Village, Kostinbrod Region, 20.XI.1994, B. Petrov leg.
one male specimen.
New species for the cave fauna of Bulgaria.
Family Noctuidae
Hyp ena rostr ali s
(Linn ae us, 1758)
Trogloxen according to Gu eor guie v & Beron (1962) and Ber on (1995).
Gallery near to Melnik Town, Sandanski Region, Sw Bulgaria, 02.-03.ll.1990, many spe
cimens; Idem, 13.IX.1992,7 specimens; Idem, 21 .X.1995, S. Beshkov & V. Gashtarov leg. 20
specimens; In the gallery of the Kordopulovata Kashta Museum in Melnik Town, 14.IX.1995,
4 specimens, S. Beshkov & B. Goater leg.
440
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“Starshelitza" Cave above Goleshovo Village, 100 0-1 100 m, South Pirin Mts, SW Bulgaria,
29.XI.1992, B. Petrov leg.; Idem, 20.111.1993, one specimen.
Gallery by Stara Kresna Railway Station, Kresna Gorge, Sw Bulgaria, 05.111.1994; Idem,
13.IX.1995, S. Besh kov & B. Goater leg. about 10 specimens.
Gallery near to Banichan Village, Gotze Delchev Region, 01.XI.1994, B. Pe trov leg. 1 male
and 1 female specimens in 8 m depth;
“Salievata Peshtera" Cave near to Gospodintzi Village, Gotze Delchev Region, Sw Bulgaria,
02.XI.1994, B. Petr ov leg. one male specimen.
“Svinskata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station, 27.XI.1994, 3 specimens, B. Pe
tro v leg.
“Prilepnata Peshtera” Cave, Sredna Arda Railway Station, Kardzhali Region, East Rhodopi
Mts, 31.111.1992.
"Maarata” Cave by Madretz Village, Perperek Region, East Rhodopi Mt, 10.X.1995, B. Pe
tro v and P. Stoev leg. 2 male specimens.
“Aramiiska Doupka” Cave near to Levunovo Village, Petrich Region, SW Bulgaria, 1.1996,
V. Gashtarov observed 2 males specimens.
Gininata Pestera Cave near to Sadovetz Village, Pleven Region, 17.XII.1995, B. Petro v leg.
1 female specimen.
Reported from:
“Kalugerova Doupka” Cave near to Tarnovo Town (Bures ch & Tulesch ko w, 1935; Gueor-
guie v & Ber on , 1962).
H ype na ob es alis
Tre its chke, 1829
Trogloxen.
“Imamkaya” Cave, the Region of ModarTop, 1200m, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.IX.1994, B. Pe
tro v observed (Be shkov, 1995).
“Modarska Peshtera” Cave, West Rhodopi Mts, the Region of Modar Top, 1300 m, West
Rhodopi Mts, 26.IX.1994, B. Pet rov leg. 3 males and 2 females specim ens (Be shkov, 1995).
H ype na p al pa lis
(H ub ne r, 1796)
Trogloxen or subtroglophil.
Gallery between Madzharovo Town and Borislavtzi Village, East Rhodopi Mts, 07.VII.1992,
3 male and one female specimens at between 2 0 -60 m depth (Gen. prep. Bes hko v, 1./23.IV.
1993, male); Idem, 02.IX.1992, collected 2 female specimens in deep 20 -100 m (Bes hk ov,
1995); Idem, 23.VII.1993, in depth between 20 to 100m - collected 11 female and 3 male
specimens (B esh kov , 1995).
“Zandana” Cave near to Ploski Village, Sandanski Region, SW Bulgaria, 02.IV. 1994, B. Pe
trov leg. 2 females specimens;
Reported from:
“Starata” Cave near to Peshtera Town, West Rhodopi Mts (Ko le v, 1993).
Reported in Kucinic (1990) for three caves in Croatia (in Velebit Mts and Dalmatia).
S co lio ptery x lib at rix
(Lin na eu s, 1758)
Trogloxen according to Gu eo rgu iev & Beron (1962); Beron & Gueo rg uiev, (1967); Subtro
glophil according to Beron (1972, 1975; Bero n, 1994). In our opinion the species is subtro
glophil.
441
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"Stoykovitza" Cave above Goleshovo Village, 1000 m, Slavyanka (= Alibotush) Mts, SW Bul
garia, 11.111.1990, one specimen, G. Stoyanov leg.
“Starshelitza” Cave above Goleshovo Village, 100 0-1 100 m, South Plrin Mts, SW Bulgaria,
20.111.1993, one specimen;
Gallery in Melnik Town, Sw Bulgaria, 02.11.1990; Idem, 21.X.1995, S. Beshkov & V. Gashta-
rov leg. one female specimen.
“Haidoushkata Peshtera” Cave near to Devintzi Village, Pleven Region, 08.VII.1990;
“Souhata Pesht” Cave near to Gintzi Village, Petrochan Region, 29.XII.1985;
Gallery “Ourvich”, 17.X.1993, B. Petrov leg.;
“Morovitza" Cave near to Glozhene Village, Teteven Region, 9 0 0-1 000 m, between 5 0-
100 m from entrance, 01.XI. 1993, B. Petrov leg.
“Doupcheto” Cave near to “Lepenitza” Pit, 16 km from Velingrad Town, West Rhodopi Mts,
25. XI. 1993, 2 specimens, B. Petro v and P. Stoev observed.
“Lepenitza" Cave near to Velingrad Town, West Rhodopi Mts, 25.XI.1993, about 50 spe
cimens to 50 m depth from the entrance, B. Petrov and P. Stoev observed.
“Souhata Peshtera” Cave near to Velingrad Town, West Rhodopi Mts, 25.XI.1993, 2 spe
cimens, B. Petrov and P. Stoev observed;
“Golyamata Kauna" Cave, near to Zabardo Village, 1250m, West Rhodopi Mts, 25.XI.1993,
Vl. B eshkov observed 11 specimens.
‘Tyovnata Doupka” Cave, near to Zabardo Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 25.XI.1993, Vl. Be
shkov observed 10 specimens.
"Gorna Karanska Doupka” Cave near to Yagodina Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.X I.1993,
15 -20 specimens, Vl. Beshko v observed.
“Kama Doupka” Cave near to Yagodina Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.XI. 1993, 3 specimens,
Vl. Beshkov observed.
“Dolna Karanska Doupka” Cave near to Yagodina Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.XI.1993,
4 specimens, Vl. B eshkov observed.
“Zhilisteto" in “Yagodinskata Peshtera" Cave near to Yagodina Village, West Rhodopi Mts,
26. XI. 1993, 3 sp ec im en s, Vl. Beshkov observed.
“Mashiva Doupka" Cave near to Yagodina Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.XI.1993, 15-20
specimens, Vl. Beshkov observed.
“Sanchova Doupka” Cave near to Yagodina Village, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.XI.1993, 5 speci
mens, Vl. B eshkov observed.
“Mechata Doupka” Cave near to Bov Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge, 30.1.1994, B. Petr ov
& P. Stoe v observed.
Gallery above Vada Chalet, 1450m, Rila Mt., 05.11.1994, 17 specimens between 30 -65m ,
collected 12 specimens, Vl. Beshkov leg.
Gallery above Gorna Byala Rechka Village, Vrachanska Stara Planina Mts, 800m, 05.VI.
1994, B. Petrov and P. Stoev leg.;
“Imamkaya” Cave, the Region of ModarTop, 1200m, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.IX .1994, B. Pe
trov observed many specimens;
"Modarska Peshtera” Cave, the Region of Modar Top, 1300 m, West Rhodopi Mts, 26.IX.
1994, B. Petr ov observed many specimens;
“Dinevata Pesht” Cave near to Gintzi Village, West Stara Planina Mts, 05.XI.1994, 3 spe
cimens, Vl. Beshkov observed; 25.XI.1994, 25 -30 specimens, Vl. Beshkov observed at a
442
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depth between 2 0 -40 m. It seems that during XI, (05.-25.) they came fo r overwintering into
the cave.
Gallery near to Banichan Village, Gotze Delchev Region, 01 .XI. 1994, B. Petrov leg. 1 male
and 1 female specimens at 8 m depth.
Galleries by Siristna Reka River in the region between Iskretzki Sanatorium and Mecha
Polyana 800m, Svoge Region, West Stara Planina Mts, 02.1.1995, Vl. Beshkov and P. Beron
observed 4 -5 specim ens at a depth of 24 to 40 m
Gallery by Stara Kresna Railway Station, Kresna Gorge, SW Bulgaria, at the winter of 1992,
single specimen, V. Gashtarov observed.
Gallery near to Batulia Village, Iskar Gorge, 12.1.1992, at a depth of 30 m 35-4 0 specimens
on 1 m2, observed by Vl. Beshkov.
Galleries between Passarel Village and “Ourvich”, Iskar Valley, 18.1.1991, Vl. Beshkov ob
served a single specimen.
Galleries under Izdremetz Top, 1430 m alt., 10.XI.1991 and 03.XII.1991, Vl. Beshkov and
P. Beron observed many specimens.
“Razklonenata Peshtera” Cave (Gugini) between Koulich and Oreshari Villages, Arda valley,
East Rhodopi Mts. 03.IV. 1992.
Gallery near to RilaTown, 600 m alt., 11.11.1995, Vl. Beshkov observed single specimen.
Gallery near to Eleshnitza, Rila Mts, 900m alt., 11.11.1995, Vl. Beshkov observed a single
specimen.
The gallery above Kirilova (Partizanska) Polyana in Rila Mts, 1600m alt., 11.11.1995, Vl.
Beshkov observed six specimens.
Toplya" Cave near to Golyama Zhelyazna Village, 11.III.1995, B. Petrov leg.
Small cave on Tchairdere River, Trigrad Region in West Rhodopi Mt, 960 m alt., 19.VIII.1995,
S. Beshkov leg. single specimen.
“Maarata” cave by Madretz Village, Perperek Region, East Rhodopi Mt, 10.X.1995, B. Pe
trov and P. Stoev leg. 2 specimens.
“Samara” Cave near to Ribino Village, East Rhodopi Mt, 11 .X.1995, B. Petrov and P. Stoev
leg. 20 specimens.
Gallery above Gorna Byala Rechka Village, Vrachanska Stara Planina Mts, 520 m alt., 24.XI.
1995, Vl. Beshkov leg. 1 specimen.
“Izdremetz” Pit near to Lakatnik Village, 14.1.1996, D. Kozhuharov leg. 1 male specimen
10 0-150 m from the entrance.
Gininata Pestera Cave near to Sadovetz Village, Pleven Region, 17.XII.1995, B. Petrov leg.
2 specimens.
Cave No. 3218, Dodalitza2, Thairdere, Trigrad Region in Rhodopi Mts, 30.XI.1995, B. Petrov
leg. 5 specimens.
Reported from:
“Samuilitza” Cave near to Kunino, Iskar Gorge (Buresch, 1924; Beron, 1975; Gueorguiev &
Beron, 1962).
“Haidoushkata Peshtera” Cave near to Karlukovo, Iskar Gorge (Buresch, 1934; Ber on, 1975;
Gueorguiev & Beron, 1962).
“Zadanenka” Cave near to Karlukovo, Iskar Gorge (Buresch, 1939; Beron, 1975; Gueor
guiev & Beron, 1962).
“Mechata Doupka” Cave near to Zhelen Village, Iskar Gorge, one specimen (leg. Petkova,
det. Slivov) (Beron & Gueorguiev, 1967; Beron, 1975).
443
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“Temnata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station, Iskar Gorge (S livo v, 1968; Ber on,
1972; Ber on , 1975).
“Vodnata Doupka" Cave near to Dolno Ozirovo Village, Michailovgrad Region (Beron , 1972;
Beron, 1975).
“Stanishina Doupka” Cave near to Replyana Village, Vidin Region (B er on , 1972; Bero n,
1975).
"Doupkite” Cave near to Byalo Pole Village, Vidin Region (Be ron, 1972; Be ron , 1975).
“Zmeyovi Doupki” Cave near to Hitrevci Village, Tryavna District (Bu re sc h, 1924; Gu eor guie v
& Bero n, 1962).
“Chavkite” Chasm near to Milanovo Village and Sokoletz Top, Iskar Gorge Region (Bu resch ,
1934; Gue or guiev & Ber on , 1962).
"Ezeroto” Cave near to Mladezhko Village in Strandja Mts, Burgas Region, 07.V.1963, (Be
ron , 1972).
C alo cal a elo ca ta
(Esper , [1787])
Trogloxen (G ue orguie v & Ber on , 1962; Beron, 1994).
Reported from:
“Troshana” Cave near to Tarnovo Town (Tuleschkow , 1930; Gueor guiev & Beron, 1962).
Cave above Preobrazhenski Manastir Monastery near to Tarnovo Town (Tule sc hko w, 1930;
Gueo rguiev & Beron, 1962).
A po pe ste s sp ectru m
(E sper, [1787])
Trogloxen (Gueo rg uie v & Be ro n, 1962; Ber on, 1994). We consider this species as a subtro-
glophil.
Gallery near to Melnik Town, Sandanski Region, SW Bulgaria, 02.-03.ll.1990, three spe
cimens two of them copulated.
“Starshelitza" Cave above Goleshovo Village, 100 0 -1 100 m, South Pirin Mts, SW Bulgaria,
29.XI.1992, B. Petrov leg.; Idem, 20.111.1993, one specimen, Beshko v leg., in coll. V. Gashta -
rov (Besh kov , 1995).
“Aramiiska Doupka" Cave near to Levunovo Village, Petrich Region, SW Bulgaria, 1.1996,
V. Gas htaro v leg. 2 males and observed a wings from a third specimen.
Reported from:
‘Troshana” Cave near to Tarnovo Town (Tule sch kow , 1930; Buresc h & Tulesc hko w, 1935;
Gueorg uiev & Beron, 1962).
“Kalugerova Doupka" Cave near to Arbanassi Village, Tarnovo Region (Buresch & Tulesch
kow , 1935; Gu eor gu iev & Ber on , 1962).
“Golemata Peshtera” Cave near to Tarnovo Town (Bure sch & Tules ch kow , 1935; Gueor
guie v & B er on , 1962).
A uto ph ila dilu cid a
(Hüb ner, [1808])
Trogloxen (G ue orguiev & Beron, 1962; Be ron , 1994); Subtroglophil (Ber on , 1975). We also
consider this species as a subtroglophil.
"Gininata Peshtera” Cave near to Sadovetz Village, Pleven Region, 09.VII.1990 1 male (Gen.
prep. Beschkov, 3./22.IV.1993); Idem, 17.XII.1995, B. Petrov leg. 1 male specimen, Gen. det.
Beshk ov.
444
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Cave “in Zadanen Dol", Karlukovo Region, Iskar Gorge, 24.X.1993, B. Petrov leg., Gen.
prep. 1./15.XI.1994, Beshkov.
“Uske” Cave near to Chetirtzi Village, Kyustendil Region, W. Bulgaria, 03.111.1994, B. Petrov
leg. one male specinen, Gen. prep. 1./26.III.1994, Bes hkov.
"Salievata Peshtera” Cave near to Gospodintzi Village, Gotze Delchev Region, SW Bulgaria,
02.XI.1994, B. Pe trov leg. 2 females specimens, Gen. preps. 1./16.XI.1994; 3./16.XI.1994
Besh kov .
“Aramiiska Doupka” Cave near to Levunovo Village, Petrich Region, SW Bulgaria, 05.XII.
1994 and 09.XII.1994, V. Gashtarov collected more than 60 specimens, determining them by
taking into account their genitaliia; Idem, 1.1996, V. Gashtarov observed many specimens,
almost all of them in copula, and collected 9 males and 7 females.
Reported from:
Caves near to Lakatnik Railway Station in the Iskar Gorge (Bu resc h & Tul eschk ow , 1935).
‘Temnata Doupka" Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station, Iskar Gorge (Bu res ch & Tul esch
kow, 1935; Gu eor guie v & Be ro n, 1962; Bero n, 1975).
A uto ph ila lim ba ta
(Sta udin ger , 1871)
According to Be ron (1 972,19 75,1 99 5) this species is trogloxen. We consider this species as
a subtroglophil.
Gallery between Madjarovo Town and Borislavtzi Village, East Rhodopi Mts, 17.X.1991, one
female specimen (Gen. prep. Beshkov , 4./22.IV.1993).
“Zandana” Cave near to Ploski Village, Sandanski Region, SW Bulgaria, 02.IV.1994, B. Pe
tro v leg. one male (Gen. prep. 3./23.XI.1994, Beshkov) and one female (Gen. prep. 2./23.XI.
1994, Besh kov) specimens.
"Samara” Cave near to Ribino Village, East Rhodopi Mt, 11 .X. 1995, B. Pet rov and P. Stoe v
leg. 1 male specimen, (Gen. det. Be shk ov).
Reported from:
The Cave near to Stanke Lisichkovo, Blagoevgrad Region, leg. P. Beron (Ga ne v, 1985).
‘Temnata Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station, Iskar Gorge (Skalski, 1972; Be
ro n, 1972; Bero n, 1975).
“Razhishkata (“Souhata) Doupka” Cave near to Lakatnik Railway Station, Iskar Gorge
(Skalsk i, 1972; Ber on , 1972; Be ron , 1975).
A uto ph ila liga min os a
(Ev er sm ann, 1851)
Trogloxen (Ber on, 1994). We consider the species as subtroglophil.
“Aramiiska Doupka” Cave near to Levunovo Village, Petrich Region, SW Bulgaria, 05.XII.
1994, V. Gashta rov leg. single specimen.
Gallery near to Melnik Town, Sandanski Region, SW Bulgaria, 09.IX.1988; Idem, 17.XII.
1988, 3 female specimens; Idem, 12.11.1989, 1 male and 1 female specimens; Idem, 0 2 -
03.11.1990, 6 specimens; Idem, 13.IX.1992, 7 specimens; Idem, 21.X.1995, S. Besh kov &
V. Gashtarov leg. 8 specimens; In the gallery of the Kordopulovata Kashta Museum in Melnik
Town, 14.IX. 1995, 3 specimens, S. Besh kov & B. Goater leg.
SW Bulgaria, Kresna Gorge, Stara Kresna Railway Station, in the gallery under the Railway
Station, 25.VIII.1 995,1. Stoyc hev leg. single specimen.
Reported from:
Gallery near to Melnik Town, Sandanski Region, Sw Bulgaria (Besh kow , 1992).
445
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"Starshelitza” Cave above Goleshovo Village, 100 0-1 100 m, South Pirin Mts, SW Bulgaria,
29.XI.1992, B. Petrov leg. Idem, 20.111.1993 (Besh kov, 1995).
“Salievata Peshtera” Cave near to Gospodintzi Village, Gotze Delchev Region, SW Bulgaria,
02.X I.1994, B. Petrov leg. one female specimen, Gen. prep. 1./16.XI.1994, Beshkov (Besh
kov, 1995).
Gallery by Stara Kresna Railway Station in Kresna Gorge, SW Bulgaria - IX-X (Be shk ow,
1992), 1 female specimen.
“Peshterata” Cave near to Belovo Railway Station, Pazardzhik Region under the name
"A p o-
p es tes ca tap ha ne s
Hb.” (B uresch & Tulesch kow , 1935). Gueorg uiev & Beron (1962) fol
lowing this data reported the same name from the same locality as trogloxen. According to
Hacker (1990),
A uto phi la c ata ph an es
(Hu bn er, [1809-1813]) is “An Atlanto-Mediterranean
species neither inhabiting the Balkans nor the Near East. This name is often given to other
species of this group in older literature” We have also never seen this species in Bulgaria,
and believe that under this name the authors, mentioned above, had recognised two other
species:
A uto ph ila anap ha ne s
Bou rsi n, 1940 or
A uto ph ila liga m ino sa
Ev. As we have never
seen
A uto ph ila a na phan es
Brsn . in Bulgaria, we doubt that it is present in Bulgaria.
Autophila
lig a m in os a
Ev. is one very local, but is not a very rare species. For this reason, we think that
all previous reports regarding
"A po pe stes ca tap ha ne s
Hb.” should be recognized as
A u to 
phila liga m ino sa
Ev.
P yro is ef fus a
(Bo isd uv al, [1828])
Trogloxen.
Gallery between Madzharovo Town and Borislavtzi Village, East Rhodopi Mts, 150 m, 02.IX.
1992, 8- 1 0 specimens in deep between 20-1 00 m, collected 3 female and 4 male spe
cimens (Bes hko v, 1995); Idem, 20.VI.1993, one female on a deep 4 0 -60 m (Beshkov , 1995);
23.VII.1993, 5 specimens.
Reported from the three caves in Croatia (Dalmatia) (Ku cin ic , 1990).
M orm o m aur a
(Linnaeus, 1758)
Trogloxen (G ue org uiev & Ber on , 1962; Bero n, 1994).
Reported from:
"Golema Podlisca" Cave near to Tarnovo Town (Buresch & Tu les chk ow , 1932; Gu eor guie v
& Be ro n, 1962).
D asyp oli a te m pli
(Thun be rg , 1792 )
Trogloxen.
“Morovitza” Cave near to Glozhene Village, Teteven Region, 900-1 000 m, between 5 0-
100 m from entrance, 01.XI. 1993, B. Petrov observed one alive specimen . Not collected, but
the description corresponds well to the species, and according Petrov it is the same species
as the collected forewing (one forewing of
D asy po lia tem pli,
probably eaten by bat) he had
found in the Cave and it is kept in the collection of Beshkov .
New species for the caves of Bulgaria.
Rhy acia sim ula ns
(Hufnag el , 1766)
Trogloxen.
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“Gininata Peshtera" Cave near to Sadovetz Village, Pleven Region, 09.V II.1990 one male
specimen in 2 0-3 0 m deep, Gen. prep. 3./25.X.1994, Beshkov (Beshkov , 1995).
“Katakombite” Gallery near to Aladja Manastir, Black-Sea Coast, 17.VIII.1992., P. Mitov leg.
one female specimen.
Acknowledgments
We would like to express our sincere gratitude to Dr. Vl. B eshkov and Mr. P. Sto ev , both from
Sofia as well as to Mr. Victor Gash tarov (Novo Konomladi Village) for the present material
and invaluable collected data.
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Addresses of the authors
S. Beshkov
13 Mart Street 17
1142 Sofia
Bulgaria
B. Petrov
Stefan Milenkov Street 60
1619 Sofia
Bulgaria
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