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The role of benefits and transparency in shaping consumers’ green perceived value, self-brand connection and brand loyalty
Abstract
Building on the literature on green consumption, this study investigates consumers’ perceptions of a brand's green benefits (utilitarian environmental and warm glow) and green transparency on their green perceived value (GPV). In particular, this study tests the mediating role of GPV and self-brand connection on the relationships between green benefits and green transparency and brand loyalty. We used structural equation modeling to test the research model with a sample of 826 Chinese respondents. Our findings suggest that most of the hypotheses were supported. However, comparison between brands of physical goods and services indicate that the approach to develop consumers’ green value perceptions is different and that the influences of GPV and self-brand connection on brand loyalty are significantly different between these two groups of brands. Hence, it would be more effective for organizations to have diverse green branding strategies between these two groups of brands.
... 411). Consumers are inclined to demonstrate a stronger commitment to greener brands and to engage in environmentally sustainable behavior when faced with possible benefits, such as environmental, monetary, and psychological advantages [31,32,34,[36][37][38]. Early studies underlined the impacts of green benefits on consumers' behavior. ...
... For example, Hartmann and Apaolaza-Ibáñez identified positive influences of environmental benefits on consumers' intentions to purchase a green energy brand [36]. Scholars have also observed significant roles of psychological, immaterial benefits (e.g., self-expression, positive feelings) in determining consumers' motives around earth-friendly behavior and relational commitment [32,37,39]. Yet, personal evaluations of sustainable brands' benefits are largely paramount [37,40]. ...
... Scholars have also observed significant roles of psychological, immaterial benefits (e.g., self-expression, positive feelings) in determining consumers' motives around earth-friendly behavior and relational commitment [32,37,39]. Yet, personal evaluations of sustainable brands' benefits are largely paramount [37,40]. ...
As climate change continues, environmental sustainability has become a popular topic among brands and consumer groups. The fashion industry has detrimental impacts on the natural environment; however, little is known about how brand benefits can help sustainable fashion brands develop relationships with consumers and promote consumer behavior. This study focuses on Instagram to investigate how consumers’ perceived brand benefits predict relationship commitment, electronic word-of-mouth (eWOM), and purchase intention. Prior studies have overlooked the possible effects of various benefits. This study outlines five benefits of sustainable fashion brands: inner self-expression, social self-expression, warm glow, green, and economic benefits. Results from a survey of sustainable fashion brand followers on Instagram showed that eWOM positively related with economic benefits and negatively with warm glow and green benefits. Findings further indicated a mediating effect of relationship commitment between benefits and consumers’ behavior. Lastly, the level of environmental attitude influenced the mediating impact of relationship commitment. The implications of these findings are discussed, and suggestions for future research are provided.
... The items of green transparency in this paper refer to the research results of Lin et al. (2017) [23]. These items reflect that green brands clearly provide relevant information ...
... The items of green transparency in this paper refer to the research results of Lin et al. (2017) [23]. These items reflect that green brands clearly provide relevant information about brand environmental protection policies and frankly recognize the impact of production and operation processes on the environment, and green skepticism is defined as the tendency of consumers to distrust or question the environmental protection proposition or environmental performance of green brands in the context of misleading and distorted environmental protection information of green products and the lack of unified green building materials certification procedures and standards. ...
... The items of green transparency in this paper refer to the research results of Lin et al. (2017) [23]. These items reflect that green brands clearly provide relevant information about brand environmental protection policies and frankly recognize the impact of production and operation processes on the environment, and green skepticism is defined as the tendency of consumers to distrust or question the environmental protection proposition or environmental performance of green brands in the context of misleading and distorted environmental protection information of green products and the lack of unified green building materials certification procedures and standards. ...
Green brand evangelism builds an important psychological and behavioral basis on promoting the positive interaction between green brands and consumers, as well as on realizing the co-creation of green brand value. This study selects brand authenticity issues as the entry point and investigates brand authenticity on green brand evangelism. In particular, this study tests the effects of green transparency and green skepticism on brand authenticity, as well as the role of self-brand connection and the need for cognition on the relationship between brand authenticity and green brand evangelism. With a sample of 641 Chinese respondents of green building materials, the dimension and scale of green brand evangelism were acquired by utilizing the grounded theory, and the hypothesized relationships were tested by employing structural equation modeling. The findings suggest that green transparency and green skepticism yield an influence on brand authenticity, and brand authenticity exerts a great influence on green brand authenticity. Moreover, brand authenticity positively affects self-brand connection, which in turn positively influences green brand authenticity, and the relationship between brand authenticity and green brand evangelism is regulated by the need for cognition.
... Today, more than ever, the green trend is evident worldwide and more consumers are turning to green products and avoiding those that damage the environment (Ghazali et al., 2017). Consumers seek to buy environmentally friendly products (Papista and Dimitriadis, 2019;Rahimah et al., 2018) for the benefit of future generations (Saari et al., 2021), while satisfying individual needs remains high in their purchasing motivation (Pathak et al., 2021;Yue et al., 2020;Chin et al., 2018;Lin et al., 2017). Further, there have been arguments that younger consumers (i.e. generation Y or Millennials born between 1980 and1996) are more concerned about environmental destruction and more willing to adjust their consumption practices in favour of environmental protection (Allen and Spialek, 2018;Muralidharan et al., 2016) while they are technology literate as well Moslehpour et al., 2021;Kadic-Maglajlic et al., 2019). ...
... Over the past years, the research efforts have mainly focused on the investigation of consumer behaviour in regard to organic or ethical food (Karamani et al., 2020;Ghazali, 2017;Lin et al., 2017;Yadav & Pathak 2016;Chen, 2009). On the other hand, new ecological products or product categories have entered the market. ...
... Health-conscious consumers care about the desired state of their well-being (Kim, & Chung, 2011) and they are often involved in certain health-conscious behaviours. Previous studies have indicated that consumers who are conscious of their health often prefer to purchase natural and healthy products (Iqbal et al., 2021;Shahrin et al., 2020;Lin et al., 2017). With regards to ecological cosmetics, Amin et al. (2020) have found a very low correlation between Health Consciousness (HC) and intentions to buy eco-friendly cosmetic products. ...
This study aims to examine the ability of an extended, with past behaviour, Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) model to explain Greek young consumers' (generation Y) intentions to purchase online ecological personal care products (EPCPs). In addition, an effort was made to examine the moderating role of health consciousness in the structural relationships of the extended TPB model. An electronic survey was conducted in the region of Central Macedonia, Greece and the quota sampling resulted in 1,676 usable questionnaires. The results indicate that perceived behavioural control has a stronger effect on consumers' intentions to purchase EPCPs, followed by past behaviour, subjective norms and attitudes. Moderation analysis revealed that Health Consciousness strengthens the structural relationship between attitudes and intentions while it weakens the structural relationship between subjective norms and intentions, explaining almost 20% more of the variance in consumers' intentions to purchase online ecological personal care products.
... A study by Lin et al. [59] found that transparency is a crucial driver of sustainability perceived value, which can drive brand loyalty. In the apparel sector, transparency means openly sharing information about how, where, and by whom a product was made [60]. ...
... It creates good feelings about the company in consumers' minds and a strong desire to buy the products/services from the same brand in the future [94,95]. Several studies found that disclosure of brands' sustainability efforts and transparency can positively impact brand loyalty [59,82]. Furthermore, previous studies found that brand loyalty can be influenced by brand attachment, trust, and identification among US national samples in the context of brand performance (market share), customer and brand relationship (cosmetic retail sector), and internet purchase intentions of machinery items [73,80,96]. ...
... This study investigated the effect of transparency on brand attachment, trust, and identification. However, we did not find consistent evidence as to previous studies [59,61,62], which noted the importance of transparency. A possible reason for it may be that transparency is a broad concept [114]. ...
With increased concern for environmental and social issues, consumers and the apparel industry have become more interested in the topic of sustainability. Numerous brands strive to reposition in sustainability by employing credible sources and maintaining information transparency to get consumers’ recognition. By employing the stimulus-organism-response (S-O-R) framework, this study experimented with how sustainability positioning with credible sources (EPA vs. Celebrity vs. Social Media Influencer) and high (vs. low) transparency influence brand attachment, trust, and identification, leading to eWOM and brand loyalty. The findings indicate that sustainable positioning with credible sources (i.e., EPA and Social Media influencers) could achieve consumers’ positive brand attachment, trust, and identification in social media marketing. However, we did not find evidence of the impact of high (vs. low) transparency on these dependable variables. Furthermore, brand loyalty and eWOM are significantly influenced by consumers’ brand attachment and trust, whereas brand identification positively affects brand loyalty only, not eWOM. Additionally, this study found that women and higher-income groups had a high preference for sustainable brands.
... Vuong (2021) highlighted that environmental value will reshape human behavior in the business sector. The previous studies have provided three dimensions to measure the psychological benefits for green brands, namely warm glow, self-experience, and nature experience (Hwang and Choi, 2017;Lin et al., 2017b;Hwang et al., 2019;Liao et al., 2019). ...
... The warm glow of giving posits that impure altruism can motivate individuals to contribute to the public good through pro-environmental behavior, which is supported by the pro-social behavior theory (Aaker, 1999;Hwang et al., 2019). This concept has received increasing interest in the green brand domain (Lin et al., 2017b). Hwang and Choi (2017) confirmed that warm glow has a positive influence on the overall brand image. ...
... This result is also supported by previous studies (Hwang and Choi, 2017). Lin et al. (2017b) also stated that warm glow benefits can affect the green consumers' perceived value, which has proved to have a strong connection between customers and their green brands. However, as noted earlier, self-expressive benefit and nature experience will not be relearned in the corporate image (Hypotheses 2-3), which does not match the managerial outcome (Hwang and Choi, 2017;Lin et al., 2017a). ...
In the context of climate change, this study uncovers the role of green airlines’ social responsibility in conjunction with the consumers’ switching behavior while considering the effects of latent variables, including green psychology, airline corporate image, green experimental behavior, green service fairness, green alternative attractiveness and switching intention, were examined in the study. In a highly competitive service environment, an organization needs to understand how passengers perceive its corporate image, satisfaction, fairness attractiveness, and behavior of switching intention. The predicted relationship was based on partial least squares structural equation modeling of a convenience sample of 615 valid datasets collected from individuals who used green airline services in China. The findings show that the psychological benefit of greenness, only warm glow, is the main driver of airline corporate image. Furthermore, airline corporate image, green service fairness, and green alternative attractiveness support passengers’ green experiential satisfaction. The evidence demonstrates that green experiential satisfaction and green alternative attractiveness have significantly positive effects on switching intention. However, green service fairness has no significant effect on green switching intention. This study contributes to the literature by understanding airline customers’ perception of the complex relationship in the green constructs. This finding can help marketers facilitate and develop their external communication and craft their image to retain their existing or potential customers.
... Furthermore, through customers' perceptions of the value of the store's trademark, the store attribute also indirectly affects a consumer's loyalty. This finding agrees with Lin et al. (2017), Xie and Lou (2020), and Lou and Xie (2021). Fusva et al. (2020) showed how loyalty and a financial standpoint are related. ...
... The first hypothesis is supported. These concluded results are consistent with Tzavlopoulos et al. (2019); Nikhashemi et al. (2016); Lin et al. (2017); Xie and Lou (2020); Lou and Xie (2021). ...
Over the past 20 years, luxury brands have attracted a lot of research attention in the marketing literature. Studies have focused on building and keeping long-term relationships between brands and their customers, as well as coming up with ideas for premium brand features. Also, customer advocacy for personal luxury brand products in Egypt hasn't been looked at in a lot of studies. In addition, relatively few researchers have looked into the relationships between luxury consumer brands and cosmopolitanism. Egyptians are rumored to strive to display products with perceived prestige through social recognition in flamboyant displays in order to express their economic standing in the most overt manner possible. Therefore, brand love and personal luxury brand products have been selected to be used in this study because they help consumers manage their self-image, give their owners status and prestige, and foster a personal connection. Objective: The current study aims to test the relationship between perceived luxury values dimensions (perceived financial value, perceived functional value, perceived social value, and perceived individual value), brand love, E-WOM, cosmopolitanism, and brand loyalty, and to understand the relationship between brand loyalty and consumer advocacy for personal luxury brand products. Methodology: A mono-method quantitative research design is adopted, where data is collected from Egyptians who purchase personal luxury brand products, with a total sample size of 496 consumers. Results: The findings revealed a positive relationship between perceived financial values and brand loyalty, as well as positive relationships between perceived functional values and brand loyalty, perceived individual values and brand loyalty, perceived social values and brand loyalty, and a positive relationship between brand love and brand loyalty. Additionally, there is a positive relationship between E-WOM and brand loyalty. Also, a positive relationship is found between cosmopolitanism and brand loyalty. Finally, there is a positive relationship between brand loyalty and consumer advocacy. Conclusion: To keep consumers from looking for competing brands and engaging in cross-shopping, most brand managers work to create favorable relationships with their clientele. Marketing departments should focus their efforts on developing and communicating these values to clients. In addition, maintaining a specific standard of product quality and the shopping experience is crucial since luxury buyers could view high levels of utilitarian and hedonistic qualities as fundamental requirements for luxury brands.
... Another contextual setting that can be examined is the sustainable offer at the industry and firm levels; for example, behaviour maintenance in subscription-based industries. Products and services also vary in several aspects that may influence the nature of post-adoption evaluations (Bekk et al., 2016;Lin et al., 2017b;Lin et al., 2021). Thus, researchers should consider journey patterns across products and services, and luxury and economic offers. ...
... Moreover, perceived usefulness is commonly used in the green mobility (Arteaga-Sánchez et al., 2020; Shao et al., 2020) and technology domains(Hidayat-ur-Rehman et al., 2020;Koo et al., 2015). Most studies support the direct effect of individual perceptions on continuance intentions across SCBs (e.g.,Arteaga-Sánchez et al., 2020;Lin et al., 2017b). Studies also support the indirect link between individual perceptions and continued use, mainly via satisfaction (e.g., Zhang et al., 2020) and trust (e.g.,Wang & Tsai, 2014). ...
Maintaining sustainable consumer behaviors is necessary for both mitigating environmental problems and the success of sustainable businesses. However, to date, the focus is mainly on the motivation‐adoption link (i.e., how to motivate sustainable consumer behaviors) rather than the adoption‐continuance link (i.e., how to maintain those behaviors). This study addresses the link between sustainability adoption and continuance, through a structured literature review. Specifically, this study synthesizes what is (and is not) known about the post‐adoption (continuance) stage of the sustainable consumer journey, by reviewing and integrating the results of 87 articles. This review has three key outcomes. First, it elaborates on the importance and distinction of the continuance stage, which is predicted by a set of different and ‘evolving’ factors, compared to motivation and initial adoption. Second, the key components of the continuance stage are identified and grouped under (I) post‐adoption cognitive perceptions, (II) emotional outcomes, and (III) subsequent behavioral patterns of (dis)continuance, spillover, advocacy, loyalty, and habit formation. Third, this study introduces the concept of sustainable consumer behavior continuity and discusses theoretical relationships in a conceptual framework. Finally, this review identifies knowledge gaps and provides research directions as well as implications for theory and practice.
... Similarly, consumers' degree of perception about environmental issues will affect their green consumption behavior (Jose et al., 2022;Laroche et al., 2001;Waris & Hameed, 2020;Yang & Zhang, 2020). Green consumption values (Alagarsamy et al., 2021;Chen, 2013;Chen & Chang, 2012;Kumar et al., 2014;Lin et al., 2017), green brand perception (Chelminski & DeFanti, 2018;Duong et al., 2022;Suki, 2016) and perception of eco-labels (Waris & Hameed, 2020) also reinforce green purchase intentions and sustainable buying behaviors. It can be seen that when the degree of perception is higher, the uncertainty in decision-making is lower, the consumer is less affected by the price, and the degree of trust and support for green products is higher (Chan, 1999;Swait & Sweeney, 2002). ...
... Consumers' perception of a green brand also influences consumer value (Koller et al., 2011). Second, consumers enhance their relationship with green products through their satisfaction, trust, brand connection, and brand loyalty (Lin et al., 2017). Consumers' perceptions of green value will also affect their intentions to purchase green products . ...
The popularity of green building housing products as a mainstream environmentally friendly product has risen remarkably. But, are consumers in general receptive to this product? Are they willing to pay (WTP) more for it? Do consumers have consistent perceptions, attitudes, purchase intentions, and WTP? This paper is based on a questionnaire to house buyers in Kaohsiung City, Taiwan’s third-largest city by population. The data were analyzed via structural equation modeling. The results revealed that consumers’ perception and attitude toward green building housing products affect their purchase intention, and purchase intention affects WTP. Secondly, attitude also directly affects the WTP, which is also indirectly impacted by attitude through the mediating effect of purchase intention. It shows that the gap between the attitude and WTP of consumers in the consumption decision of green building housing products has been reduced. This result is related to the increasing education, promotion, and marketing of green building housing products, and a consistent consumption decision has gradually formed. In terms of the managerial implications, further education and public awareness messages should be used to narrow the consumption decision gap. Moreover, the importance of the health benefits of green building housing products should be emphasized. Furthermore, green building transactions in the housing market should be more transparent so that consistency in consumer decision-making can be attained.
... [9]. UB have a positive effect on the green brand image [16]. Both UEB and NC directly enhance green brand image [9]. ...
... People immersed in the natural environment have been found to be more concerned about their intrinsic values, which tend to be more prosocial and less self-centered [24]. The green brand's ability to innovate has a direct positive relationship with GPV [16]. The influence GBI on GPV is much stronger for service brands than for physical product brands. ...
... Previous research has discovered the direct relationship between the perceived value and consumers' brand loyalty to be consistent. For instance, several scholars contended that consumers' perceived value is tied to loyalty and positive referrals (Abu ELSamen, 2015; He et al., 2012;Lin et al., 2017). The following hypothesis is thereby proposed: ...
... The literature is also in agreement with the direct association between the perceived value and brand loyalty of users and opines that the perceived value was a significant predictor of consumer loyalty in several settings like telephone services Bolton and Drew (1991), retailing services, and airline travel (Sirdeshmukh et al., 2002). Additionally, our results also back the findings of (Abu ELSamen, 2015; He et al., 2012;Lin et al., 2017), where a significant relationship between perceived value and loyalty, and positive feedback was observed. This study also supports hypothesis H8, which portrays a pronounced and positive association between individuals' perception of voice assistant anthropomorphism and intention to use the service. ...
Voice assistants have emerged as a new form of technology that can identify human speech and respond accordingly via synthesized voices and this family of technologies has helped people accomplish various requirements in their daily lives. However, despite the numerous benefits of AI-based assistants, consumers' concerns about their privacy have increased. Nevertheless, only a few studies focus on the brand loyalty of customers, which influences the intention of consumers to persist in using voice assistants. Furthermore, the impact of brand credibility on the overall perceived value receives little attention. Therefore, this study attempted to identify the mechanism through which the users of voice assistants might develop reuse intention and loyalty toward a specific service provider brand and analyze how brand credibility can influence the overall perceived value of voice assistants. The study drew on the uses & gratification theory, signaling theory, and prospect theory to develop the conceptual model and its underlying hypotheses. Using purposive sampling and an online survey, data were collected from 426 Chinese users of AliGenie, Alibaba's intelligent personal assistant. Data and the hypothesized model were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling. Findings from quantitative analysis identified the perceived privacy risk as the most significant factor and obstacle influencing consumers' overall perceived value toward the usage of voice assistants. Furthermore, findings indicate that brand credibility moderates the existing relationship between the perceived privacy risk and the overall perceived value, a high brand credibility results in a much lower association between the perceived privacy risk and overall perceived value. Furthermore, the findings discovered a significant and positive relationship between brand loyalty and individuals' continued usage of voice assistants.
... Perceived benefits and the level of knowledge on battery swap technology can influence consumers and affect their choices [41,42]. The relationship between perceived benefit and intention formation is limited in literature as perceived benefits to be enjoyed feature prominently in consumers' environmental decision-making process as they may not underestimate the functional benefits [43]. Literature advocates for the inclusion of perceived benefits in renewable and sustainable energy discussions [44e46]. ...
... Perceived benefits are the favorable presumptions or beliefs concerning the outcomes of engaging in a behavior [40,70]. Consumers seek functional benefits in using products with environmentally sound attributes [43]. Consumers will ordinarily prefer a product or service with perceived benefits rather than being environmentally friendly should there be an option to choose [44,71]. ...
There are growing concerns worldwide about the release of harmful gases from fossil-fueled vehicles into the environment, motivating the emergence of electric vehicles (EVs). However, consumers are hesitant to adopt EVs as they are scared of the long charging times and being stranded midway through a journey. Addressing this is the introduction of Battery swap technology (BST). BST assures an uninterrupted driving range in EVs. In this study, the adoption intention of BST for EVs is explored as BST′ success depends on consumer acceptance to guarantee pro-environmental consumption and pollution reduction. The current study extends the theory of planned behavior (TPB) with perceived benefits and knowledge. 407 responses from China's Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were used in this investigation. Findings revealed that the extended TPB improved the explanatory power from 39.5% to 45.7%. Attitude, perceived behavior control (PBC), subjective norms, knowledge, and perceived benefit directly influenced adoption intention. Subjective norms influenced PBC and attitude. PBC was insignificant in impacting attitude towards BST. Knowledge influenced attitude and perceived benefit. Attitude mediated Subjective norms and knowledge. Policy implications are enumerated to enhance BST acceptance and proliferation.
... This process consists of three phases: input, processing, and output. Lin et al. (2017) define perceived value as an appraisal of the entire benefits of a product or service based on the value received and the value issued by a consumer. Customers usually evaluate the functional advantages of a product or service, such as cost savings, quality services, and time savings, which lead to brand trust (Lien et al., 2017;Atulkar, 2020). ...
... Inspiring consumers to give to the future of the planet by buying green products with less effect on the universal environment has developed an important research topic. Thus, many firms have prioritised the use of eco-friendly marketing and recommending green products to arise consumers' brand acknowledgement and trust, which then encourages green product consumption intentions (Lin et al., 2017). ...
The purpose of this study to see the effect of the campaigning for green marketing. This research aims to determine the effect of green marketing, service quality on customer loyalty through customer satisfaction as an intervening variable. The method used is a quantitative method with descriptive and causality research types, as well as the SEM-PLS analysis method. The final sample was 224 Starbucks Coffee customers in Makassar City. Based on the results of the study it was concluded that green marketing and service quality have a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty either directly or through customer satisfaction as an intervening variable.
... ;Lin et al., 2017). "According to the findings ofHeskett et al. (1994), the perceived value can be defined as give and take relationship established between the customer and the company". ...
In recent years, the hotel industry has been severely affected due to COVID-19, but now a positive trend can be observed. This study aims to explore the impact of service quality, social media marketing, perceived experience, and perceived risk affect hotel brand loyalty and perceived value in Pakistan. In addition, the study examines the moderating role of customer satisfaction in the relationship between perceived value and brand loyalty. The study used a quantitative research design and collected data from 427 hotel customers in Pakistan via a structured questionnaire. The structural equation modeling (SEM) is utilized for data analysis. The results indicate that service quality and social media marketing greatly increased perceived value. However, perceived experience and perceived risk were found insignificant. Furthermore, customer satisfaction moderates the perceived value-brand loyalty relationship. This study can help hotel managers increase brand loyalty and service quality. The survey suggests hotel management should improve service quality to increase customer satisfaction and brand loyalty. The study also contends the need for excellent customer experiences to boost hotel perceived value and brand loyalty. Hotel managers should prioritize customer satisfaction and provide customized services to address customer issues quickly and proactively to ensure customer satisfaction. The study emphasizes the importance of customer satisfaction as a key factor in brand loyalty and the need for hotel managers to devise effective strategies to to the brand loyalty literature and has practical managerial implications.
... The research is supported by research by Yoo and Park (2016) which reveals that there is an influence of the perceived value of mass customization on customer loyalty. Research conducted by Lin, Lobo, and Leckie (2017) specifically examines the role of perceived value in companies that use green branding strategies on customer loyalty, finding that there is a positive and significant influence between perceived value on customer loyalty. Based on some of these explanations, the following hypothesis is put forward: H 2 : Perceived value has a positive effect on loyalty. ...
This study aims to determine the effect of whether e-service quality has a positive effect on perceived value, whether perceived value has a positive effect on loyalty, whether e-service quality has a positive effect on loyalty and whether perceived value is able to mediate the relationship between e-service quality and customer loyalty in Indihome internet service. This study uses primary data obtained by distributing online questionnaires to individual customers who use Indihome services in Yogyakarta, totaling 115 respondents. The data analysis technique used to test the hypothesis in this study uses the structural equation model (SEM) method with the AMOS 22 program. The results show that E-S-Qual has a positive and significant effect on perceived value, meaning that the better E-S-Qual, the higher the customer's perceived value. Perceived value has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, meaning that the higher the perceived value of the customer towards Indihome services, the higher the customer loyalty. E-S-Qual has a positive and significant effect on customer loyalty, meaning that the better E-S-Qual, the higher customer loyalty. Perceived value is a variable that significantly mediates the relationship between E-S-Qual and customer loyalty, meaning that the better the E-S-Qual, the higher the customer loyalty.
... Consumers' perceptions of green risk are related to their purchase intentions, perceptions of trust, levels of satisfaction, etc., and affect a variety of issues (Chen and Chang, 2012;Rizwan et al., 2014;Bokko et al., 2018;Juliana et al., 2020). According to research, there is a negative relationship between perceived green risk and green purchase intention (Chen and Chang, 2012;Juliana et al., 2020;Isa et al., 2017;Kim and Lennon, 2013;Lin et al., 2017). The following hypothesis was developed as a result of this: H1: Green perceived risk has a negative impact on green purchase intention. ...
Within the framework of an integrated model, the primary objective of this study is to identify how risk, value, quality, trust, and viral communication influence green purchase intentions. In order to achieve this objective, a survey study was carried out in Ankara, and the resulting data were evaluated. As an application area, the ready-made apparel and garment sector is picked. The results indicate that perceived value, quality, and viral communication are effective in increasing consumers' intents to purchase green, ready-made apparel products. On the other hand, it has been determined that perceived risk and trust do not influence consumers' intentions for these products. Moreover, purchasing intentions for green ready-to-made clothing have a positive influence on purchasing behavior.
... Therefore, marketers should use transparency as a top priority in their green activities. This should be appropriately conveyed to consumers to reduce green scepticism and boost green trust (Lin et al. 2017). Businesses that greenwash the common people with unfair and deceptive green claims may enforce harsh fines from policymakers (Kwong and Balaji, 2016). ...
Today, people are becoming more aware of healthy living, particularly immunity, and demanding green products. They are also getting more concerned with environmental sustainability. Therefore, the industry should use the emerging concept of sustainability to take advantage of new opportunities. A significant challenge for marketers lies in creative thinking and response to consumer needs by tailoring sustainability practices and providing green products for a better standard of living. However, greenwashing is used to promote products as environmentally friendly when they are not. This greenwashing behaviour gives rise to negative environmental consequences. Hence, this study employs the Attitude-Behaviour-Context (A-B-C) theory, with 440 participants, constructs a research model using structural equation modeling to assess how greenwash could influence sustainable purchase intention of green gadgets using green altruism and green brand evangelism as parallel mediators that are serially antecedent to a third mediator, green scepticism. The results reveal that green altruism, green brand evangelism, and green scepticism partially mediate the proposed associations. Thus, green attributes that are transparent without being greenwashed do not induce green scepticism but rather enhance green altruism and green brand evangelism and promote sustainable purchasing. This study fills a research gap in the context of greenwashing through multiple mediators, with economic implications for manufacturers, marketers, and policymakers.
... Organizations strive to maximize their revenues, be it through capturing a greater percent of the market, selling products at a premium price, or reducing costs. Thus, research examining environmentally friendly marketing strategies suggests that a favorable attitude toward a company leads to financial gains and market share (Menguc and Ozanne, 2005), as well as increased firm performance and loyalty (Lin et al., 2017;Pujari et al., 2003). Similarly, as consumers hold a favorable attitude toward the company due to the socially responsible initiatives, it is likely to translate into greater purchase intentions (Jaiswal and Kant, 2018;Lichtenstein et al., 2004). ...
... Environmental problems caused by overconsumption and resulting environmental degradation issues (Shao et al., 2017) with pro-environmental consumerism, in which environmental welfare and responsible attitude towards the environment are integrated to focus on pro-environmental consumerism in the hyper-competitive environment (Achchuthan et al., 2017). Furthermore, pro-environmental consumerism is accelerated by practitioners and researchers as one of extensive and the newly emerged concept in research, which involves all actions that are carried out to strengthen and motivate behaviours towards environment-friendly goods and services, favourable environmental attitudes and resultant purchase intentions (Lin et al., 2017;Wei et al., 2017;Nelson, 2016). ...
... Firstly, instead of studying the general perceived benefits and the perceived value of consumers like previous studies [88,131,132], this study focused on building relationships between consumer psychology factors such as perceived mental benefits, hedonic value, and anxiety. The perceived mental benefits of online shopping included perceived enjoyment, perceived social interaction, perceived discreet shopping, and perceived control. ...
Omnichannel is not just a marketing, e-commerce, or customer support buzzword. This future customer engagement platform helps businesses communicate with customers through centralized channels on a smart interface. It is difficult to achieve customer loyalty when the risk in online transactions, which creates anxiety, exists in all transaction processes in an omnichannel system. Hence, the purpose of this research was to analyze the influence of anxiety on relationships when clients purchase from an omnichannel platform using the stimulus-organism-response (SOR) paradigm. To fulfill study aims, qualitative and quantitative research approaches were used. In-depth interviews and focus group discussions were used to acquire qualitative data, while survey responses from 485 participants were used to collect quantitative data. This study's results revealed relationships between consumer psychology factors such as perceived mental benefits, hedonic value, and anxiety. Moreover, customer anxiety in omnichannel can be measured as a novel and exact concept in marketing science and have a moderating role in the effect of perceived mental benefits on electronic loyalty and perceived mental benefits on hedonic value in omnichannel systems. As a result, enterprises were also offered various managerial implications to develop their omnichannel system.
... Green brand positioning entails aggressively conveying to target clients the distinctive value of a green brand resulting from its eco-friendly qualities (Hartmann et al., 2005;Lin et al., 2017). More and more research demonstrate that customers exhibit good feelings and respond favorably to green businesses as a consequence of green branding tactics (Raska & Shaw, 2012). ...
... with eco-friendly and environmental bene ts(Lin et al. 2017;Kim et al. 2018).Perceived bene t refers to the advantage gained through a behavior(Forsythe et al. 2006). Perceived bene ts of participating in ARED can be divided into environmental bene ts and personal bene ts(Zhang et al. 2014). ...
Carrying out automobile recalls for environmental defects (ARED) is a practical move to implement policies of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality, and can also improve air quality. The smooth completion of ARED is premised on the active participation of consumers. This study aims to investigate the determinants of consumers’ intention to participate in ARED. This study adopts the value-based adoption model (VAM) as the basic model and extends it by adding the constructs of consumer knowledge and personal norms. Structural equation modeling is used to analyze the survey data (N = 571). The results show that consumers’ perceived value of participating in ARED, consumer knowledge of ARED, and personal norms positively affect their participation intention. Perceived value is affected by perceived environmental benefits, perceived personal costs, and consumer knowledge. Personal norms are explained by perceived environmental benefits. This study enriches the understanding of consumers’ perceptions and participation intention toward ARED and provides several practical implications to relevant regulatory agencies and firms.
... For example, Escalas (2004) reported that ads inducing self-brand connection result in brands being evaluated more positively and consumers develop stronger purchase intentions than brands with lower or no self-brand connection. Lin et al. (2017) stated that self-brand connection serves as a predictor of loyalty toward brands, including willingness to repurchase or repatronize. Previous scholars have studied the potential outcomes of self-brand connection in various domains. ...
This study explores the impact of consumers’ impulsiveness and variety-seeking traits on self-brand and communal-brand connection with high- vs. low-involvement products. This study’s experiment employed a between-subjects design with two randomized blocks of high- and low-involvement product categories. Within each block, the relationship between the independent variables (i.e. impulsiveness and variety-seeking) and the dependent variables (i.e. self-brand connection, communal-brand connection, and purchase intention) were analyzed using SmartPLS. Results show that impulsiveness has a positive impact on self-brand connection and communal-brand connection with high-involvement and low-involvement products. Variety-seeking only positively impacts self-brand connection and communal-brand connection with low-involvement products.
... There is a considerable amount of papers that discuss the relationship among sustainability, reverse logistics, and active consumer participation in the supply chain [20,57,60,82,95] or portrait the perspective of sustainable business models in the textile sector [18,45,56,121,128]. Others approach consumers' understanding of social and environmental issues using different methods such as focus groups [64,77,113,133]. However, in the textile sector, product return, reverse logistics, and circular supply chains are not extensively discussed [73,132]. ...
The consumption increase over the last decades brought into question the efficiency of resource use and the negative impacts generated by the linear model. Thus, investing in an economic model that treats economic and environmental rationality as decision factors is essential. To successfully apply this model, it is necessary to expand the network of collaborations, with the involvement of companies from different sectors and the participation of consumers. In this matter, this work aims to identify the role of the consumer in reverse logistics (RL) for apparel in the context of the circular economy (CE) model. From a conceptual framework, the focus group method was applied. The qualitative data were subsequently coded and categorized using the Qualitative Data Analysis (QDA) Miner software, enabling two analyses. Firstly, a new framework was developed, which classified the factors influencing consumer participation in the return of post-consumption apparel products according to the different beliefs established by the theory of planned behaviour. It suggests that control beliefs are the main factor influencing consumers, i.e. their participation in RL depends on their assessment of the effort required to perform a particular activity. The second analysis revealed different ways the consumer can participate in RL in the context of circularity and suggested strategies to encourage product return focused on the consumer role. This work contributes with practical and managerial implications by identifying possible factors that influence consumer participation in product return. Finally, this paper presents several strategies for organizations to encourage a more ecologically position in society.
... The strength of arguments in green advertising messages is an important factor in consumer judgment, with green ad with strong arguments being the most effective [36]. Some studies have found that consumers prefer high-quality brand messages because they reflect higher reliability and provide more positive signals [37]. For example, Shoenberger et al. [38] and Pittman et al. [39], found that consumers' perceived authenticity of brand messages is key to promoting advertising success, i.e., message authenticity promotes a persuasive mechanism for consumers to generate green ad purchase intent. ...
Green advertising is one of the important tools for companies to carry out marketing activities, and it is especially important for green brand owners to improve the persuasive effect of green advertising. Existing studies focus on the effectiveness of green advertising from the level of message content and message expression, but there is little research to assess the advertising effectiveness of green advertising being “well said” from the perspective of message quality. This article constructs a theoretical framework based on the theory of communication persuasion to assess the effect of perceived message quality on the consumer’s green response to green advertising. Study 1 constructs an econometric regression model by crawling unstructured data, such as green ad review texts through Python, and verifies that consumers’ green responses (green purchase intention and green sharing intention) are mainly influenced by green ad information usefulness, information attractiveness and information truthfulness. Study 2 further tested the direct role of perceived green advertising information quality on the consumer’s green response by constructing structural equation models with situational experimental data, and verified the mediating role of green competence trust and green value trust in the process of perceived green advertising information quality influence on the consumer’s green response. These findings provide a new theoretical perspective on the effectiveness of green advertising, while providing practical guidance for green brand owners to develop green advertising strategies and assess green advertising quality.
... In marketing literature, perceived quality is known as a fundamental factor for building a brand trust and enhances loyalty (Rubio et al., 2017;Coelho et al., 2018) which as, an emotional attachment, drives consumers to decide to purchase, repurchase or switch brand during the buying decision-making process (Lai et al., 2009). Therefore, it is observed that high quality brands are mainly the first preferences for customers in the buying decision process, as they represent more reliability and reflect a higher positive signal (Lin et al., 2017). In addition, Thompson et al. (2014) suggests that a positive connection exists between a customer's perception of a high-quality brand and the feeling of status and self-esteem, such that a highquality brand enhances these feelings for the customer (Atulkar & Kesari, 2017). ...
Purpose- The importance of concepts such as brand loyalty, brand equity and customer satisfaction towards brands has been dramatically shown in marketing literature throughout recent decades. Current study aims to examine the mediating role of consumer satisfaction in relation to consumer-based brand equity and brand loyalty in the medical cosmetics industry, whilst empirically investigating the inter-relationships between dimensions of brand equity. Methodology- A theoretical model was adopted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) relying on data collected from 275 respondents. Moreover, the scales of this study borrowed from the literature were modified using validity and reliability tests. Findings- The empirical results reveal a significant inter-relationship between dimensions of brand equity-perceived quality, brand knowledge and brand trust. Further, the result remarkably indicates the three dimensions having a positive effect on consumer satisfaction and brand loyalty, and customer satisfaction partially mediates the relationship between brand equity and brand loyalty. Conclusion- The study findings may be applied to the cosmetics market, building, and enhancing long-term relationships with customers by focusing on brand equity culminating in successful brand loyalty. Keywords: Brand equity, brand loyalty, customer satisfaction, medical cosmetics, Iran. JEL Codes: M31, M11, L84
... Organizations strive to maximize their revenues, be it through capturing a greater percent of the market, selling products at a premium price, or reducing costs. Thus, research examining environmentally friendly marketing strategies suggests that a favorable attitude toward a company leads to financial gains and market share (Menguc and Ozanne, 2005), as well as increased firm performance and loyalty (Lin et al., 2017;Pujari et al., 2003). Similarly, as consumers hold a favorable attitude toward the company due to the socially responsible initiatives, it is likely to translate into greater purchase intentions (Jaiswal and Kant, 2018;Lichtenstein et al., 2004). ...
As firms seek to compete in an ever-changing environmental landscape, they are increasingly focusing their efforts on corporate social responsibility, in particular sustainable marketing strategies. The present research utilizes contingency theory to examine sustainable marketing strategies as they relate to consumer perceptions of fit. Multiple methods are used to examine consumer perceptions of sustainability fit. First, a qualitative pretest of 88 MBA students is conducted, followed by a scenario-based survey via an online panel of 546 participants. Additionally, an experiment consisting of 185 consumers provides further evidence of support for the impact of sustainability fit on consumer perceptions and firm performance. Collectively, the results suggest that consumer perceptions of fit are an important antecedent of organizational outcomes.
... Perceived green image was measured by a fouritem scale developed by Jeong et al. [48]. Warm glow feeling was captured by three items adapted from Lin et al. [49]. Willingness to purchase was measured with three items adapted from Ghali et al. [50]. ...
Compared to other generations, Generation Z (Gen Z) tend to be more concerned with environmental problems, prefer healthier food options, and are willing to pay premium prices for eco-friendly food products. Until now, however, this market segment had not been the focus of any sustainability research in the restaurant context. The present study fills this gap while exploring if green self-identity (one’s alignment with environmental concerns) influences perceptions of green restaurants (one’s perceived image of green restaurants) and warm glow feeling (one’s good feeling from patronizing green restaurants), which in turn affect willingness to pay. Data was collected from 388 Gen Z participants through a questionnaire survey, and covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM) was used to examine the study’s model. The results indicate warm glow is generated when individuals with green self-identity acknowledge restaurants are using green practices, which in turn influences their willingness to pay at green restaurants. Additionally, the findings of this study advance the theoretical viewpoints for social exchange theory (SET), identity theory, and green consumption in the restaurant industry. For practical implementation, restaurateurs can improve their businesses by developing their green image, initiating green design, and incorporating eco-friendly activities to enhance patrons’ dining experience.
... Escalas (2004) reported that as self-brand connection increases as an effect of ad exposure, consumers show more favorable brand evaluations and a stronger purchase intention. Lin, Lobo, and Leckie (2017) stated that self-brand connection can be used as a tool for predicting consumer brand loyalty, which consists of willingness to repurchase or repatronize the brand. As Escalas and Bettman (2005) suggested, consumers purchase products and brands to construct the self-concept by using self-brand connection. ...
The purpose of this study is to explore the effect of need to belong and brand use as an identity signal in multiethnic advertising compared to other advertising approaches. The results indicate that consumers’ need to belong has a positive direct relationship with self-brand connection and communal-brand connection for ads featuring ethnically mismatched models but not for ads featuring ethnically matched or multiethnic models. Additionally, brand use as an identity signal had a weak relationship with self-brand connection (with 90% significance) for the mismatched condition but not for the matched or multiethnic condition, and no significant relationship was found with communal-brand connection in any of the three conditions. Moreover, for all three conditions, self-brand connection (but not communal-brand connection) had a significant relationship with purchase intention. Marketing practitioners may benefit from this research by understanding how consumer traits influence consumer-brand relationships in reaction to three different advertising approaches (i.e., matched, mismatched, and multiethnic approach).
... The significant positive effect of perceived value on customer loyalty in the hotel sector (Tabaku & Kruja, 2019;Koo et al., 2020) as well as in the context of mobile banking services (Khoa, 2021) is evidenced. Moreover, the direct effect of perceived value on loyalty in terms of green brand perspective (Lin et al., 2017;Papista et al., 2018) is also evidenced. Nyadzayo and Khajehzadeh (2016) acknowledge that offering greater value develops more loyal customers. ...
Mobile telecommunications as an intensely competitive industry in the contemporary marketing context has expanded as a high-velocity service throughout the world. The purpose of the study is to recognise major determinants which affect customer loyalty in the context of the mobile telecommunications industry and examine the degree of the impact of the determinants on customer loyalty. The mobile phone subscribers were selected as the unit of analysis of the study. A structured questionnaire was administered to a sample of 755 mobile phone subscribers. The Structural Equation Modelling technique was adopted to test the hypotheses where the effect of loyalty determinants on customer loyalty was tested. The five determinants considered in the study, namely customer satisfaction, perceived value, corporate image, loyalty programmes, and switching costs, have statistically significant positive impact on customer loyalty and the results reveal that customer satisfaction has the highest significant impact on customer loyalty in the context of mobile telecommunications industry.
... The conclusion is that green perceived value has a positive and significant effect on green repurchase intention. In other words, the more green perceived value increases, the green repurchase intention of The Shop Indonesia consumers will increase (Lin et al., 2017;Marakanon & Panjakajornsak, 2017;Darmayasa & Yasa, 2021). Green perceived value is one of the important indicators to examine consumers' green purchasing behavior. ...
Global warming has become a hotly discussed issue and has caused manufacturers to implement green marketing in their business. This study aims to analyze the effect of green perceived value on green repurchase intention. The population is people who have bought and used The Body Shop Indonesia products with a sample of 100 respondents through purposive sampling. Collecting data using a questionnaire in the form of google form and analyzed by simple linear regression analysis. The results showed that green perceived value had a positive and significant effect on green repurchase intention.
... This will change the operating model of the past market and transform it into a development prospect with sustainable innovation value [22,23]. As enterprises are willing to invest in transformation efforts for sustainable development, the accumulated green image and sustainable management strategies also give consumers a higher sense of trust in enterprises [24]. Thus, changing products, people's behavior, business services, cities and even entire socio-economic systems through the role of sustainability [25] can advance our understanding of how to achieve sustainable transformation [26]. ...
In promoting the SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), increasing attention has been given to environmental pollution and abnormal climate issues. In particular, a large number of products made of plastic materials have caused harm to the environment. Secondly, with the improvement of average spending power, many parents are more willing to buy toys for their children. However, the lifespan of kid’s toys is often short, and most materials are made of plastic, which also causes issues as they are not easy to break down and are difficult to recycle. This study investigates the concept of the product life cycle in kid’s toys and explores the decision-making factors of green design. First, analysis and induction were conducted through literature collection. Through semi-structured interviews with experts, the design dimensions related to the green design of kid’s toys and the elements that affect the willingness of consumption by consumption values and behavior were obtained. After the questionnaire survey and data analysis, the design factors and purchasing decision factors of green design for the product life cycle and consumption values and behavior of kid’s toys were obtained. Finally, combined with kid’s toy design, green design, product life cycle and consumers’ consumption values and behavior, the decision-making factors for the green design of kid’s toys were extracted, which included (1) using non-toxic materials; (2) designing for maintainability and disassembly of the toy; (3) refining the toys to be artistic and collectable; (4) upgrading the educational functions of toys; (5) improving the recycling of toys; (6) emphasizing green packing; (7) creating a green brand and increasing product visibility; and (8) advocating the value of green design for toys. In addition to supplying green design considerations for kid’s toys to designers and companies, the results can also be used as an important reference with regard to the research topics of product life cycle, toy design and development for the sustainable designs of products.
... The input of these industries to sustainable development also indirectly affects the effective utilization of resources and the innovation of production efficiency. Therefore, in addition to the sustainable social responsibility of the enterprise, the accumulated green image and sustainable business strategy also promote consumers to have more trust in the enterprise [54]. In addition to the industrial end of sustainable innovation, the active fields of sustainable innovation include the promotion of green activities of various circular economy so as to expand the breadth of enterprise product lifecycle from the perspective of effective development of circular economy [55]. ...
Environmental problems represent one of the most intensive focuses in the world. At present , the rate of environmental damage caused by peoplesʹ consumption of products and services is still far faster than the rate of regeneration, processing, and recycling of natural ecosystems. In the face of increasingly severe environmental problems, consumers must change their consumption behavior toward a sustainable direction. Based on the ultimate goal of sustainable innovation and development, the introduction of sustainable system design thinking can enable the optimization of sustainable systems for production, manufacturing, consumption, or recycling. As with the concept of traditional system design thinking, sustainable system design thinking is not only a product form but also a creative systematic way to solve problems for the purpose of promoting innovation. It has been transformed from "giving form" to "design process", "design strategy", or "design system". Therefore, this study attempts to explore the potential structure of consumers' sustainable consumption cognition from the perspective of designers through the introduction of sustainable system design thinking. This study combined literature analysis and a questionnaire survey to propose a research model with seven constructs and eight hypotheses and then used a reliability test, validity test, and structural equation model to analyze and verify the data. The results show that the three constructs of design evaluation (aesthetics, innovation, and function) in system design thinking are feasible and effective in sustainable design. With the support of sustainability concept, the autonomy of consumers' consumption attitude and intention will be improved. This study can provide reference to governments, enterprises, and designers when formulating, implementing, and practicing sustainable innovative strategies. The results of this study can further influence the continuous promotion and deepening of sustainable design thinking in the cultivation of design talents in colleges and universities, and thus provide multi-field and recyclable theoretical guidance for sustainable design facing future life.
... To gain a competitive advantage in the global green market worldwide, companies have begun implementing green marketing that consists of products, designs, and eco-friendly promotions (Chang et al., 2019;Papadas et al., 2019). Referring to marketing activities that incorporate environmental standards such as voluntary eco-labeling, franchising, licensing, and pricing activities in promoting products, green marketing innovation stimulates green consumption by encouraging consumers to purchase green products (Lai and Cheng, 2016;Lin et al., 2017). Green marketing innovation is one of the most direct ways to disclose to customers the purpose of a firm to diminish the environmental impact of its products (Groening et al., 2018;Leonidou et al., 2013). ...
Global climate sanctions are expected to force supply chain affiliates to reduce greenhouse gas and face trade distortions caused by carbon leakage. In this regard, this study examines how internal green activities such as green managerial innovation, green supply chain management, and green innovation facilitate firms to achieve environmental performance. Also, we endeavor to unveil the role of intellectual property rights and incorporate the mediating role of green supply chain management and the moderating role of green marketing innovation. Using the structural equation model technique, we examined hypotheses with 452 South Korean firms sampled through a web-based survey. Our results validated the direct effect of green managerial innovation and intellectual property right on green supply chain management, green supply chain management and intellectual property right on green innovation, and green innovation on environmental performance. In addition, we confirmed the significant mediating role of green supply chain management between intellectual property rights and green innovation and the moderating role of green marketing innovation between green innovation and environmental performance. These findings contribute to the literature on clean production and environmental performance by uncovering a firm's internal green strategies for resource utilization and identifying the contingent roles of green marketing innovation.
Purpose
From the signaling theory perspective, the current study explores various drivers of brand transparency and its effect on users' interactions with food delivery apps.
Design/methodology/approach
First, a set of precursors of brand transparency of food delivery apps from focus group discussions was identified. Next, an integrated model tests the impact of brand transparency, perceived risk and brand trust on users' ordering frequency. Data collected from 522 users were analyzed using the partial least squares structural equation modeling method.
Findings
The outcomes showed the effectiveness of brand communications as the strongest indicator of brand transparency. Moreover, brand transparency favorably influences users' brand trust and ordering intention and negatively influences perceived risk. Hygiene rating attenuates the adverse effects of perceived risk.
Originality/value
The current study is a pioneering attempt that offers ways for online food delivery providers to build brand transparency, lessen users' risk perceptions and foster greater use of apps in the post-pandemic scenario.
Stakeholder-based brand is increasingly recognized as a measure for corporate sustainability, although the knowledge in this area is relatively unknown. Through a systematic review approach, the present study explores the global knowledge base on sustainability and brand. The most influential authors and documents are identified, followed by a discovery of the intellectual
structure of the sustainability and brand knowledge base with five schools of thought. First, the
Customer Attitudes and Behavior school refers to behavioral studies (one of the common approaches
in sustainability studies). Second, the Tourism Marketing school represents the popular context of
sustainability studies that mainly relates to hospitality, destination marketing, and fashion brand
management. Third, the Brand Strategy school refers to corporate strategy concerning brand that
is widely used to measure corporate sustainability performance such as brand equity. Fourth, the Societal Marketing school provides insights into the marketing strategy that leads a firm to achieve competitive advantages under concerns about finite resources and rising environmental and social costs. Finally, the Advanced Quantitative Analysis school reveals an approach that is mainly used when conducting sustainable marketing studies. A model on sustainability brand is then derived, adopting the grounded theory approach. Future research opportunities are also identified and discussed to continuously advance the scholarship in this specific area.
Mục đích của nghiên cứu này là khám phá mối quan hệ giữa trách nhiệm xã hội của doanh nghiệp và lòng trung thành của khách hàng thông qua niềm tin thương hiệu và sự yêu thích thương hiệu. Mô hình nghiên cứu đã được đề xuất dựa vào lý thuyết bộ ba cốt lõi bền vững và lý thuyết trao đổi xã hội. Dữ liệu được thu thập từ 305 khách hàng trên 18 tuổi đã từng sử dụng dịch vụ của hãng hàng không giá rẻ (Vietjet Air và Pacific Airlines) và đang sống tại Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Mô hình hóa phương trình cấu trúc bình phương nhỏ nhất từng phần đã được sử dụng để phân tích dữ liệu. Kết quả nghiên cứu cho thấy trách nhiệm xã hội của doanh nghiệp giúp gia tăng lòng trung thành của khách hàng. Thêm vào đó, mối quan hệ tích cực này đã được trung gian bán phần bởi niềm tin thương hiệu và sự yêu thích thương hiệu. Cuối cùng, nghiên cứu đề xuất một số hàm ý quản trị cho các nhà quản lý tại các hãng hàng không giá rẻ thực hiện hoạt động trách nhiệm xã hội của doanh nghiệp để cải thiện lòng trung thành của khách hàng.
Purpose
Charity sports events have emerged as a major, beneficial social phenomenon to be encouraged. In this study, the authors aim to examine the relationships among personal norms, social norms, self-identity, response efficacy and the “warm glow” feeling, which, in turn, influences willingness to return and enjoyment of participation in charity sports events in Thailand.
Design/methodology/approach
An online self-administered survey was conducted to collect data from 600 participants, and structural equation modelling (SEM) was done under the two-step modelling approach to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The findings indicate that self-identity and response efficacy positively influence participants' warm glow. By contrast, the relationships of personal and social norms with warm glow are not significant. Moreover, warm glow positively influences participants' willingness to return to attend the event and their enjoyment.
Practical implications
This study's findings have academic implications and can benefit marketers and event organizers by giving them insights into participants' behaviour and allowing them to better create services to improve participant experiences and boost repeat attendance better.
Originality/value
By applying the concept of warm glow in the context of charity sports events, this study deepens the understanding of the causal pathways from the antecedents to participants' willingness to return and enjoyment through the warm glow.
Building on the literature on luxury consumption behavior, this study investigates customers’ perceived values on their patronage behavior toward luxury service brands. Partial least squares-structural equation modeling is used to test the research model with a sample of 177 American luxury hotel customers. The findings suggest that functional, individual, and social values from experiences influence customers’ perceived connection with a luxury service brand. The bond between customers and brands affects customers’ patronage behavior. Moreover, the role of the self-brand connection on the relationship between the perceived value and behavioral intention indicates that the impact of functional, individual, and social values on patronage behavior, and the self-brand connection is different depending on the perceived congruity with the luxury hotel brand. However, the affluent customers’ perception of financial value does not enhance the self-brand connection. The results suggest that it would be more effective for luxury hotel service providers to build strong and meaningful ties with customers. This study identifies the role of the self-brand connection in the relationships between multidimensional perceived value (i.e. financial, functional, individual, social) and loyal behavior in the luxury service context.
Literature has reported that store-level information is crucial in determining consumer engagement with green stores. This study examines the effects of in-store (green) information quality on consumer engagement behaviours and mediating effects of store credibility. Moreover, the study reveals whether consumer passion for the environment moderates the effect of in-store (green) information quality on store credibility. Statistical analyses of useable data from 763 respondents examined the relationships. Credibility emerged as a key mechanism to enhance the effects of information quality on consumer engagement. Thus, this study extends theoretical discussions on information quality, consumer passion, and consumer engagement for green retailing.
With the arrival of the circular economy, increasing numbers of firms gain unique advantages through corporate green image (CGI). This study focuses on the relationship between CGI and employer attractiveness (EA) based on signal theory. It further analyzes the mediating role of green perceived value (GPV) based on internal marketing theory and perceived value theory. The moderating role of susceptibility to normative influence (SNI) between CGI and GPV is also investigated. A total of 131 Chinese job seekers is used as a sample to test the hypotheses by structural equation modeling analysis, Bootstrapping test, and variance analysis. The results demonstrate that: CGI positively contributes to EA; GPV partially mediates the relationship between CGI and EA; SNI moderates the relationship between CGI and GPV. High SNI of job seekers can consolidate the positive relationship between CGI and GPV; When job seekers’ SNI is low, their GPV is at a low level with nothing to do with CGI. This article puts forward the theoretical basis for implementing the circular economy at the firm level and the implications for both academia and corporate practice.
Full-text available at:
https://www.catedrafundacionarecesdcuniovi.es/fotos/si237dhfnc/CFRA-innovacionyestrategias.pdf
Prior research indicates that transparency of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) claims increases consumers' positive reactions to the firm. However, this article suggests that this effect depends on the interplay between transparency cues (presence vs. absence) and brand strength (small vs. large). Our set of experimental studies examine the effect of information transparency and brand strength on consumers' purchasing intentions toward fashion products. Findings indicate a surprising effect of transparency cues: while its presence improves consumers' responses to CSR of small brands, it reduces consumers’ outcomes towards large brands. Results also suggest that trust mediates the effects since transparency cues boost consumers' trust toward small (vs. large) brands. This research further suggests that greenwashing practices as a boundary condition of transparency effects, since CSR communication with an honest (vs. greenwashing) focus fosters the transparency effects. The findings have important implications for effective CSR strategies in the fashion industry.
The current competitive environment in the banking sector aims to increase customer loyalty (CL). Therefore, this study aims to look at how transparency (TR) influences CL through the interaction of trust (TU) and customer satisfaction (CS). In this study, structural equation modelling (SEM) was applied to 510 samples of public sector banks. The results showed that transparency, trust and satisfaction interact with CL. The study found that the relationships between transparency and CL are non-compensatory and nonlinear. The contribution of the study is that SEM predictors were used as a neural layer in an artificial neural network (ANN) model to predict loyalty. The results showed that the independent variables significantly influence dependent variables when the normalized significance was calculated based on the multilayered observations using the ANN method. Our study’ ANN model can predict customers’ loyalty with 75.5% accuracy. In addition, we have highlighted several useful theoretical implications of transparency on CL.
This study explores the mediating effects of green innovation, green image, and green perceived value on the relationship between green marketing and green behavioral intention to understand the impact of green marketing on customers’ green behavioral intentions in the context of hot-spring hotels. Additionally, the moderating effect of destination trust on the relationships among green innovation, green image, green perceived value, and the green behavioral intention was also explored. A total of 300 valid responses were collected from hot-spring hotel customers in Jiaoxi, Taiwan. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the data. The results revealed the following: (1) green image and green perceived value mediates the relationship between green marketing and behavioral intention, among which green perceived value showed a stronger mediating effect; (2) green innovation does not mediate the relationship between green marketing and behavioral intention, implying that the degree of green innovation services provided by hot-spring hotels does not provide customers with a memorable experience; (3) the effects of green innovation, green image, and green perceived value on green behavioral intention were moderated by destination trust, indicating that hot-spring hotel operators need to pay attention to customers’ perception of destination trust. On the whole, customers’ trust in tourist areas and their recognition of the green marketing activities of hot-spring hotels seem to have green consumption value, which positively impacts customers’ green behavioral intentions, thereby bringing economic benefits to hot-spring hotels.
Purpose
This study aims to apply legitimacy theory and self-identity theory to the online food delivery (OFD) app service and then to investigate the impact of green brand legitimacy and biospheric value orientation perceived by customers on eco-friendly behavior.
Design/methodology/approach
This study focuses on the mediating role of trust in green brands and its perceived benefits (including psychological and environmental benefits). This study involved an online survey of 445 customers who had experienced using OFD services in the past six months.
Findings
The platform's green brand legitimacy and consumer perceived biospheric value orientation positively impact trust in green brands. Trust in green products and services significantly affects customers' perceived benefits and has a positive impact on eco-friendly service using behavior. Mediating effect analysis indicated that brand legitimacy and biospheric value have a positive indirect influence on the psychological benefits of supporting green activities and utilitarian environmental benefits.
Research limitations/implications
The convenience sampling method is used, and its purely quantitative nature may limit the generalization of the research results.
Practical implications
The OFD platform should encourage online catering retailers to use more eco-friendly packages for packaging food and minimize the provision of disposable tableware. The platform manager can provide consumers with knowledge and information on lowering related environmental pollution sources when ordering food.
Originality/value
This study innovatively introduces brand legitimacy into the green consumption literature. This is an essential expansion of the content of brand legitimacy and a supplement for the research field of eco-friendly behavior.
Purpose
Drawing on signalling theory and focusing on independent restaurants, this study aims to investigate how business signals (transparency information and exposure) affect business transparency, food authenticity and, ultimately, purchase intentions.
Design/methodology/approach
Using a 2 × 2 between-subject experimental design, Study 1 examines the recipe and an internet-famous restaurant, and Study 2 assesses the food supply chain and a celebrity-owned restaurant. Analysis of covariance and PROCESS are used to analyse the data.
Findings
The results suggest that while revealing information on recipes and food supply chains positively affects business transparency, exposure has no significant impact. Additionally, secret recipes and revealed food supply chains contribute to higher food authenticity, whilst being a celebrity owner or internet-famous restaurant negatively affects food authenticity.
Research limitations/implications
Restaurant managers must be strategic and selective about the kinds of business signals they wish to reveal to customers. Secret recipes lead to higher food authenticity, whereas the revealed recipes and revealed food supply chains elicit higher business transparency. Independent restaurants should not rely on celebrity owners or seek internet fame, as neither type of exposure contributes to transparency or authenticity.
Originality/value
This study advances the theoretical understanding of signalling theory relating to the determinants of transparency and food authenticity in a hospitality context. Contrary to previous studies, it reveals that exposure, as a transparency signal, has no impact on either business transparency or food authenticity. It extends knowledge and understanding of different types of independent restaurants, especially internet-famous restaurants.
The authors examine how country characteristics systematicaliy moderate the effects of individual-level drivers of the perceived vaiue that consumers derive from visiting a brand manufacturer's Web site. They test hypotheses on data coiiected from 8886 consumers from 23 countries on three continents, involving 30 Web sites of the world's largest consumer packaged goods companies. They find that the effect of privacy/security protection on perceived vaiue is stronger for people from countries with a weak rule of law, whereas people from countries that are high on national identity give more weight to whether there is cultural congruity between the site and themseives. People who iive in more individualistic countries give more weight to pleasure, to privacy/security protection, and to customization in their perceived vaiue judgments than people from collectivistic countries. The authors discuss implications for Web site design strategies.
Consumer skepticism of corporate environmental activities is on the rise. Yet research on this timely, intriguing, and important topic is scarce for both academics and practitioners. Building on attribution theory, we develop and test a theoretically anchored model that examines how (1) attributions related to environmental initiatives are formed, (2) attributions trigger green skepticism, and (3) green skepticism influences important outcomes. The study findings reveal that consumers’ perceptions of industry norms, corporate social responsibility, and corporate history are important factors that explain why consumers assign different motives to corporate environmental actions. In addition, the results show that while intrinsic motives exert a strong negative effect on green skepticism, extrinsic motives have no discernible effect. Furthermore, the findings indicate that green skepticism prompts consumers to seek more information about the products, sparks negative word of mouth to friends and acquaintances, and forestalls purchase intentions. The study offers several implications for corporate and public policy makers and presents fruitful research directions.
Retinoic acid which belongs to the retinoid class of chemical compounds is an important metabolite of vitamin A in diets. It is currently understood that retinoic acid plays important roles in cell development and differentiation as well as cancer treatment. Lung, prostate, breast, ovarian, bladder, oral, and skin cancers have been demonstrated to be suppressed by retinoic acid. Our results also show that low doses and high doses of retinoic acid may respectively cause cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of cancer cells. Also, the common cell cycle inhibiting protein, p27, and the new cell cycle regulator, Cdk5, are involved in retinoic acid's effects. These results provide new evidence indicating that the molecular mechanisms of/in retinoic acid may control cancer cells' fates. Since high doses of retinoic acid may lead to cytotoxicity, it is probably best utilized as a potential supplement in one's daily diet to prevent or suppress cancer progression. In this review, we have collected numerous references demonstrating the findings of retinoic acid in melanoma, hepatoma, lung cancer, breast cancer, and prostate cancer. We hope these observations will shed light on the future investigation of retinoic acid in cancer prevention and therapy.
Two studies investigate consumer awareness of and response toward socially and environmentally responsible practices in the hospitality industry. Results suggest that consumers exhibit more positive response toward establishments exhibiting higher levels of social responsibility, although many are uninformed of the extent to which the organizations they patronize engage in such practices. Most consumers are willing to incur a modest price increase while patronizing an organization that behaves in an environmentally and socially responsible fashion, but that willingness declines dramatically as the price premium escalates. Consumers with high involvement in and positive attitudes toward corporate social responsibility practices are most willing to pay a premium.
To promote an understanding of green consumption behavior, this paper investigates how consumer value relates to loyalty and price consciousness through consumer satisfaction. The proposed model of the variables underwent empirical validation through data collected from a cross-sectional survey of 517 consumers in the USA who had bought and possessed a hybrid car – a representative green product. The results indicate that perceived social, emotional, and functional values have a significant positive effect on customer satisfaction with respect to green innovation. Further, customer satisfaction leads to customer loyalty, while lowering price consciousness. This study demonstrates the importance of consumer value and satisfaction in facilitating the diffusion of green innovation, with resulting implications for marketing strategy and public policy. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.
Self-brand connection (SBC) is an emergent concept, necessitating an understanding into its nomological network. The current study examines a critical role of SBC in case of pure service brands, investigating the influences of consumer satisfaction and perceived value on SBC. Additionally, self-brand connection is positioned as a mediator of the effects of satisfaction and value on relationship quality. The conceptual model, estimated on a large sample of service consumers from India, reveals an acceptable data fit and support for all the hypotheses. The novel findings suggest that for purely intangible service brands, consumer postpurchase evaluations have consumer self-concept implications, subsequently leading to enhanced relationship quality.
The current study investigates the effects of green advertising and a corporation’s environmental performance on brand attitudes and purchase intentions. A 3X3 (firm’s environmental performance and its advertising efforts as independent variables) experiment using n=302 subjects was conducted. Results indicate that the negative effect of a firm’s low performance on brand attitudes becomes stronger in the presence of green advertising compared to general corporate advertising and no advertising. Further, when the firm’s environmental performance is high, both green and general corporate advertising result in more unfavorable brand attitudes than no advertising. The study’s counter-intuitive findings are explained by attribution theory.
A steady demand for green products from concerned consumers has led companies to introduce new product lines that match or exceed consumer environmental concerns. Nonetheless, not all the organizations were able to achieve significant returns on their investments in green products. These failures are generally attributed towards companies’ inability to overcome consumer scepticism towards the performance of functional and green attributes of their brands to generate a positive green image and green value in consumers mind. Therefore, the question arises that does the success in promoting green brand image and value depend on consumer existing perceptions about the brand quality and credibility? This study analyzes the influence of brand perceive quality and credibility on consumer perceptions towards a brand green image, green value and green equity. A theoretical model with hypothesized relationships is developed and tested to answer these research questions. Data have been collected from the consumers of electrical and electronic goods. The hypothesized relationships were tested with the help of structural equation modeling procedure. The results suggest that brand perceived quality and its overall credibility does have a significant influence on generating a greener image, green perceive value and green brand equity.
The recent rise in ethical consumerism has seen increasing numbers of corporate brands project a socially responsible and ethical image. But does having a corporate brand that is perceived to be ethical have any influence on outcome variables of interest for its product brands? This study analyzes the relationship between perceived ethicality at a corporate level, and brand trust, brand affect and brand loyalty at a product level. A theoretical framework with hypothesized relationships is developed and tested in order to answer the research question. Data have been collected for 45 product categories in the fast moving consumer goods sector using a panel of 4,027 Spanish consumers. The proposed relationships are tested using structural equations modeling. The results suggest there is a positive relationship between perceived ethicality of a brand and both brand trust and brand affect. Brand affect also positively influences brand trust. Further, brand trust and brand affect both show a positive relation with brand loyalty. The managerial and academic implications of the results are discussed.
The authors report a study of the effects of price, brand, and store information on buyers' perceptions of product quality and value, as well as their willingness to buy. Hypotheses are derived from a conceptual model positing the effects of extrinsic cues (price, brand name, and store name) on buyers' perceptions and purchase intentions. Moreover, the design of the experiment allows additional analyses on the relative differential effects of price, brand name, and store name on the three dependent variables. Results indicate that price had a positive effect on perceived quality, but a negative effect on perceived value and willingness to buy. Favorable brand and store information positively influenced perceptions of quality and value, and subjects' willingness to buy. The major findings are discussed and directions for future research are suggested.
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is often used as a key criterion in gauging corporate reputation. This research examined
the influence of consumers’ attributions on corporate outcomes in response to CSR. Researchers and managers have considered
consumers’ beliefs about CSR initiatives to be simplistic, serving either economic ends or reflecting sincere social concerns.
The results of two studies established that consumers’ attributions were more complex than traditionally viewed, mirroring
many of the motives ascribed to companies by managers and researchers. Rather than viewing corporate efforts along a self-
or other-centered continuum, consumers differentiated four types of motives: self-centered motives that are strategic and
egoistic and other-centered motives that are values driven and stakeholder driven. Consumers responded most positively to
CSR efforts they judged as values driven and strategic while responding negatively to efforts perceived as stakeholder driven
or egoistic. Attributions were shown to affect purchase intent as well as mediate the structure of an offer.
As anecdotal evidence mounts that concerns over the environmental
friendliness of products are heightening worldwide, there is a need to
assess the importance of a product's environmental attributes relative
to its other attributes in consumers' product choice decisions. Assesses
and compares the trade-offs among product attributes that American and
Dutch consumers are willing to make for the sake of the environment,
across three product categories. Survey research was conducted that
examined attitudes regarding environmental protection and consumer
choice criteria. Results suggest, based on conjoint analysis, that there
are noteworthy differences between Americans and Dutch in how they value
a product's environmental attributes.
Research on how store environment cues influence consumers' store choice decision criteria, such as perceived merchandise value and shopping experience costs, is sparse. Especially absent is research on the simultaneous impact of multiple store environment cues. The authors propose a comprehensive store choice model that includes (1) three types of store environment cues (social, design, and ambient) as exogenous constructs, (2) various store choice criteria (including shopping experience costs that heretofore have not been included in store choice models) as mediating constructs, and (3) store patronage intentions as the endogenous construct. They then empirically examine the extent to which environmental cues influence consumers' assessments of a store on various store choice criteria and how those assessments, in turn, influence patronage intentions. The results of two different studies provide support for the model. The authors conclude by discussing the results to develop an agenda for additional research and explore managerial implications.
The statistical tests used in the analysis of structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error are examined. A drawback of the commonly applied chi square test, in addition to the known problems related to sample size and power, is that it may indicate an increasing correspondence between the hypothesized model and the observed data as both the measurement properties and the relationship between constructs decline. Further, and contrary to common assertion, the risk of making a Type II error can be substantial even when the sample size is large. Moreover, the present testing methods are unable to assess a model's explanatory power. To overcome these problems, the authors develop and apply a testing system based on measures of shared variance within the structural model, measurement model, and overall model.
Purpose
The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role played by corporate social responsibility (CSR) in building relationship quality (RQ) in the context of sports organisations. In turn, the link between RQ and customer loyalty is examined. Acknowledging that customers develop a psychological connection with the sports organisation over time, the study also examines whether the link between CSR and RQ is moderated by the psychological continuum model (PCM) stages (awareness, attraction, attachment and allegiance).
Design/methodology/approach
The survey data were drawn from almost 6,000 season ticket holders of a professional sports club. Structural equation modelling and the non-parametric bootstrapping regression technique were used to test the hypotheses.
Findings
The results support the direct impact of CSR activities on RQ. RQ, in turn, drives customer loyalty. Importantly, RQ is found to fully mediate the relationship between CSR and customer loyalty. However, as customers move through the psychological connection stages, the effect of CSR on customer loyalty via RQ tends to diminish.
Practical implications
This study provides evidence of a direct impact of CSR activities on RQ, and also attests the role of psychological connection in sports organisations.
Originality/value
The incorporation of a multidimensional RQ construct and the PCM stages allows a deeper understanding of how CSR might be employed to achieve organisational goals.
In compliance with society's growing concern for the environment, an increasing number of enterprises are willing to act in socially responsible and environmentally conscious ways. Green-related issues for enterprises have been an important academic research topic for at least three decades; however, few studies have focused on green brand associations. Based on the associative network perspective, the authors attempt to explore green brand associations through a network analysis approach. By combining network analysis with the qualitative elicitation method, the authors utilize commonly used measures of network analysis (i.e., centrality and cohesion measures) to reveal the content and structure of associative networks for green brands; next, they demonstrate empirical support for the findings. The results contribute to providing brand researchers with different analytical perspectives on the existing knowledge about green brand associations and offering strategic information for green brand practitioners.
Building on the literature in brand loyalty and sustainable consumption of apparel, this study compares the loyalty formation mechanism between sustainable fashion and fast fashion brands. A series of hypotheses proposing the difference in the loyalty formation between the two types of apparel brands were developed. A structural equation modeling tested the research model with a sample of 556 U.S. respondents. Although somewhat inconsistent, the results suggest that consumers form brand loyalty toward sustainable versus fast fashion in a different manner. Implications for marketers as well as directions for future research are discussed.
An increasing number of hotels are altering their operations proactively to include more environmentally friendly practices. Despite the greater interest in consumers' green behaviors, the theoretical application of the value-belief-norm (VBN) theory has been used only rarely to investigate consumers' intentions to visit a green hotel. The purpose of this study was to expand existing knowledge of hotel consumers' green behaviors by developing and testing an extended VBN theory used in the hospitality literature. More specifically, this study incorporated subjective norms and green trust into the original VBN model as a theoretical framework to understand comprehensively consumers' decision-making processes with respect to their intentions to visit a green hotel. A web-based survey was used to collect data from a convenience sample of faculty members working at an institution of higher education in the Midwestern United States who have been lodging consumers. Structural equation modeling was applied to test the hypotheses. The results showed that all but subjective norms were successful in explaining consumers' decision-making processes regarding their intentions to visit a green hotel. The results can assist hotel managers in the adoption and implementation of hotel operations based on the needs of environmentally conscious consumers.
In this article, we provide guidance for substantive researchers on the use of structural equation modeling in practice for theory testing and development. We present a comprehensive, two-step modeling approach that employs a series of nested models and sequential chi-square difference tests. We discuss the comparative advantages of this approach over a one-step approach. Considerations in specification, assessment of fit, and respecification of measurement models using confirmatory factor analysis are reviewed. As background to the two-step approach, the distinction between exploratory and confirmatory analysis, the distinction between complementary approaches for theory testing versus predictive application, and some developments in estimation methods also are discussed.
Interest in the problem of method biases has a long history in the behavioral sciences. Despite this, a comprehensive summary of the potential sources of method biases and how to control for them does not exist. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to examine the extent to which method biases influence behavioral research results, identify potential sources of method biases, discuss the cognitive processes through which method biases influence responses to measures, evaluate the many different procedural and statistical techniques that can be used to control method biases, and provide recommendations for how to select appropriate procedural and statistical remedies for different types of research settings.
The author examines conceptual and operational issues associated with the "perceptions-minus-expectations" (P-E) perceived service quality model. The examination indicates that the P-E framework is of questionable validity because of a number of conceptual and definitional problems involving the (1) conceptual definition of expectations, (2) theoretical justification of the expectations component of the P-E framework, and (3) measurement validity of the expectation (E) and revised expectation (E*) measures specified in the published service quality literature. Consequently, alternative perceived quality models that address the problems of the traditional framework are developed and empirically tested.
As a tool for regulating the environment in China, does environmental information disclosure reduce pollutant discharge? To answer this question, we empirically analyzed the emission data of “the three wastes” (i.e., waste gas, wastewater, and solid waste) in unit industrial GDP in 31 provincial units. As a measure to reduce institutional emission, environmental information disclosure only slightly influenced waste discharge reduction in the implementation period of the Eleventh Five-Year Plan of China. Instead, command control and market-based tools significantly affected waste discharge reduction. Representative measures included penalties and charges. With the continuously enhanced pressure of control, environmental information disclosure facilitates the effects of command control tools on waste discharge reduction. Content analysis of environmental information disclosed by sample listed companies in Jiangsu Province was conducted. The disclosure of insufficient environmental information on emission reduction can be attributed to “adverse selection” in system performance (i.e., the selective disclosure trend considering “greenwashing” in the listed companies) and to the limited quality of overall environmental information disclosure. This study provides empirical evidence for Chinese policy makers to improve the system for environmental information disclosure of listed companies.
How was Dell Computer able to charge out of nowhere and outmaneuver Compaq and other lead-ers of the personal computer industry? Why are Home Depot's competitors losing market share to this fast-growing retailer of do-it-yourself supplies when they are all selling similar goods? How did Nike, a start-up company with no reputation be-hind it, manage to run past Adidas, a longtime solid performer in the sport-shoe market? All three questions have the same three answers. First, Dell Computer, Home Depot, and Nike rede-fined value for customers in their respective mar-kets. Second, they built powerful, cohesive busi-ness systems that could deliver more of that value than competitors. Third, by doing so they raised customers' expectations beyond the competition's reach. Put another way, these industry leaders changed what customers valued and how it was de-livered, then boosted the level of value that cus-tomers expected. The idea that companies succeed by selling value is not new. What is new is how customers define value in many markets. In the past, customers judged the value of a product or service on the basis of some combination of quality and price. Today's customers, by contrast, have an expanded concept of value that includes convenience of purchase, after-sale service, dependability, and so on. One might assume, then, that to compete today, compa-nies would have to meet all these different cus-tomer expectations. This, however, is not the case. Companies that have taken leadership positions in their industries in the last decade typically have done so by narrowing their business focus, not broadening it. They have focused on delivering su-perior customer value in line with one of three val-ue disciplines – operational excellence, customer intimacy, or product leadership. They have become champions in one of these disciplines while meet-ing industry standards in the other two. (For a dis-cussion of companies that excel at more than one discipline, see the insert "Masters of Two.") By operational excellence, we mean providing customers with reliable products or services at competitive prices and delivered with minimal dif-ficulty or inconvenience. Dell, for instance, is a master of operational excellence. Customer inti-macy, the second value discipline, means segment-ing and targeting markets precisely and then tailor-ing offerings to match exactly the demands of those niches. Companies that excel in customer intimacy combine detailed customer knowledge with opera-tional flexibility so they can respond quickly to al-most any need, from customizing a product to ful-filling special requests. As a consequence, these Three paths to market leadership.
Environmental issues in air transport have grown in importance in recent years, and in response some airlines have been proactive to demonstrate their 'green' credentials. The aim of this paper is to identify air traveller perceptions of different airlines with regard to green image, and how passengers perceive different measures that airlines can introduce to reduce their environmental impact. The research is based on a large quantitative survey, of over 600 air travellers, conducted at Liverpool John Lennon Airport between April and July 2010. The data in this papers stems from a range of attitudinal statements on airlines, and measures that airlines could adopt to improve their environmental performance. When presented with a list of airlines, about half of respondents were able to differentiate between airlines based on environmental friendliness. The results show that low-cost airlines in general are not seen as more or less environmentally friendly than full service network airlines. Yet air travellers do indicate differences in the environmental image based on individual airlines. Furthermore, results vary depending on whether passengers had flown previously with a particular airline. Passengers also differentiate between measures that airlines can adopt to reduce the environmental impact of aviation. Using newer aircraft is seen as the most effective way to address the issue.
Even though most consumers hold positive attitudes towards organic food, attitudes appear not to translate into respective behaviour to the same extent. It has been found that the high price and availability are major reasons for this attitude–behaviour gap, especially among young consumers. In Denmark, supermarkets offer a comparatively broad organic food range at relatively small price premiums; however, even in Denmark, market growth rates are moderate. To explore in detail young consumer's barriers to act upon their attitudes, we aimed at researching their thoughts and product associations at the point of sale. Qualitative accompanied shopping interviews with 10 young consumers holding positive attitudes towards organic were conducted. The analysis resulted in a model of the point-of-sale thoughts concerning organic food, showing that the conditions (expected quality, price premium) met in the store and the personal context (moral beliefs, household member influence) impact the argumentations, which lead to a choice decision and subsequent elaboration of the consequences of this choice. Price is discussed as a main barrier, but a temporary one: young consumers argue that they postpone organic purchases until a later stage in life. We conclude that to increase young Danish consumers' choice of organic, the high price premium image needs to be lessened and the differentiation from conventional food improved. Furthermore, communication might trigger young consumers to consider acting now upon ethical values, instead of postponing it.
Purpose
– While the literature attends to how customer retention strategies develop relationship quality (e.g. trust), it does not account for the potential mediator (s) in this relationship. The purpose of this paper is to examine the mediating role of brand relationship quality (BRQ) in the relationship between relational bonds and brand loyalty in retail service contexts.
Design/methodology/approach
– A total of 524 valid questionnaires from respondents aged between 15 and 24 are analyzed using structural equation modeling.
Findings
– First, BRQ significantly mediates the relationship between relational bonds and brand loyalty. Second, structural bonds are the only driver of attitudinal attachment; social and structural bonds lead to a sense of community. Third, attitudinal attachment is the main influence on both behavioral and attitudinal loyalty.
Research limitations/implications
– First, a focus on a single market segment, i.e. 15-24 year olds. Second the dimensions used to measure relational bonds and BRQ might not be applicable to other contexts. Third, does not consider potentially important moderator(s). Fourth, does not distinguish between store and product brands.
Originality/value
– This study makes the following contributions to the literature: First, demonstrates the importance of BRQ as a mediator in the relationship between relational bonds and brand loyalty. Second, elucidates the role of BRQ in establishing brand loyalty in three theoretical frameworks applied to retail service contexts. Third, suggests a more comprehensive view of brand loyalty involving both behavioral and attitudinal dimensions. Fourth, proposes the managerial implications of this work for the customer retention strategies of retail service firms.
This paper presents a structure of robust adaptive control for biped robots which includes balancing and posture control for regulating the center of mass position and trunk orientation of bipedal robots in a compliant way. First, the biped robot is decoupled into the dynamics of center of mass (COM) and the trunks. Then, the adaptive robust controls are constructed in the presence of parametric and functional dynamics uncertainties. The control computes a desired ground reaction force required to stabilize the posture with unknown dynamics of COM and then transforms these forces into full-body joint torques even if the external disturbances exist. The verification of the proposed control is conducted using the extensive simulations.
More than ever, consumers are demanding sustainable options on retail shelves. Retailers, however, are not finding clear evidence of the financial benefits for doing so. This study attempts to provide concrete suggestions to retailers on what kinds of sustainability-related information to provide to consumers. Our online study of approximately 3600 participants provides evidence that, when provided with full information on all sustainability-related attributes, consumers make price/benefit trade-offs resulting in the selection of higher priced, more value-differentiated products. Further, when sustainability-related information is provided for some products and not for others, consumers will “punish” the non-sustainable option. Managerial implications are discussed.
The concept of consumer-brand identification (CBI) is central to our understanding of how, when, and why brands help consumers articulate their identities. This paper proposes and tests an integrative theoretical framework of the antecedents of CBI. Six drivers of CBI, a moderator, and two consequences are posited and tested with survey data from a large sample of German household consumers. The results confirm the influence of five of the six drivers, namely, brand-self similarity, brand distinctiveness, brand social benefits, brand warmth, and memorable brand experiences. Further, we find that all five of these antecedents have stronger causal relationships with CBI when consumers have higher involvement with the brand’s product category. Finally, CBI is tied to two important pro-company consequences, brand loyalty and brand advocacy. Theoretical and managerial significance of the findings are discussed.
Marketers in the past have based their strategies on the assumption of infinite resources and zero environmental impact. With the growing recognition of finite resources and high environmental costs, marketers need to reexamine their theory and practices. They need to revise their policies on product development, pricing, distribution, and branding. The recent financial meltdown has added another layer of concern as consumers adjust their lifestyles to a lower level of income and spending. Companies must balance more carefully their growth goals with the need to pursue sustainability. Increased attention will be paid to employing demarketing and social marketing thinking to meet the new challenges.
The value of the luxury goods market is about to exceed US$302 billion worldwide in 2012. In addition, the top 3% of travelers in the world represent 20% of the total tourism expenditure. Although the growth has been significant, few studies have examined the consumption of luxury tourism and hospitality products. The purpose of this paper is to examine consumers’ luxury hotel staying behavior when traveling for leisure purpose. To examine this issue of growing importance, a modified value–attitude–behavior model was proposed. Following exploratory qualitative research, 368 Chinese consumers were recruited for the main study. Data were analyzed through structural equation modeling. The results show that hotels’ luxury value will influence lodgers’ attitude toward luxury hotels. Furthermore, the better their attitude toward luxury hotels, the more likely they will stay in luxury hotels when traveling. The implications of this study are discussed within the literature of hospitality and consumer studies.
Drawing on institutional theory and innovation literature, we argue that greater regulatory and normative pressures concerning environmental issues positively influence companies' propensity to engage in environmental innovation. Analysis of environment-related patents of 326 publicly traded firms from polluting industries in the United States suggests that institutional pressures can trigger such innovation, especially in those firms displaying a greater deficiency gap (i.e., firms polluting relatively more than their industry peers). Moreover, we find that this effect is stronger when asset specificity is high, and that the availability of resources plays different roles depending on the type of pressures (regulatory vs. normative).
This study develops a theoretical framework of green consumer behavior to determine the effects of personal influence, knowledge of green consumption, attitudes toward green consumption, internal and external moderators and examines whether these effects differ significantly among purchasing, using and recycling behaviors. Correlation analysis and multiple regression are applied to assess data collected by a questionnaire survey. The results indicate that attitudes are the most significant predictor of purchasing behavior. Using behavior is mainly determined by income, perceived consumer effectiveness and age, while recycling behavior is strongly influenced by using behavior. These findings have policy implications and improve understanding of green consumer behavior in China.