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You can’t have women in peace without women in conflict and security
Abstract
Women have been serving as combatants in state militaries and non-state politically violent groups in increasing numbers. Meanwhile, since the end of the Cold War, the social status of women has taken center stage as part of a broader “human security” agenda., and, in general, public opinion about the status of women is optimistic, especially among the younger generation. Yet, despite this trend, in the area of combat, gendered perceptions are not shifting to reflect reality. Both public perception and formal institutional programs deny the reality of women engaging in combat to the detriment of women’s political and economic equality.
In this paper, we present a model of cognitive-institutional reinforcement, showing how perceptions of women as peaceful noncombatants led to the creation of institutions and structures that disadvantage women’s social, political and economic equality. Using data from disarmament, demobilization, and reintegration programs; from veterans’ reintegration programs and services; and from a survey of American women veterans,, we show how this misconception about women’s role in combat has significantly hampered women’s ability to achieve full political and economic equality.
... Many actions and beliefs that could potentially be included in the misogynistic panoply are deeply embedded into our public institutions. 101 Interdisciplinary work in psychology, sociology, security studies, and public health is needed to determine the factors most frequently associated with individuals susceptible to engaging in the types of misogyny that result in security threats and create meaningful diversion programs. Online misogyny should not be dismissed as an overreaction on the part of feminists or diminished to simply disliking women. ...
Online misogyny is an under-studied form of information warfare. Often dismissed as "boys will be boys," online misogyny has been allowed to percolate and create communities that have far-reaching impacts. The impacts of online misogyny are not confined to the internet. In this article, the authors show how the ubiquitous nature of online misogyny poses a national security threat. We explore three diverse case studies: the United States military, the in-cel movement, and ISIS to demonstrate the far-reaching nature of the security threat. Though the nature of the security threats is different, the intervening cause-unchecked online misogyny-is the same.
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