Conference Proceedings ICD Granada 2016
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Food-related community economic development (CED) is making a difference in northern communities where food insecurity rates are very high at 75% (n=534). People in northern Manitoba reported in interviews that hunting, fishing, berry-picking and gardening made them self-sufficient, in the recent past (25 to 50 years ago), but now many children and adults cannot afford to eat healthy. Presently many financial and regulatory barriers to country foods exist, which severely curtails food sovereignty and sustainable livelihood, while increasing food insecurity. The Nelson House Country Foods Program, which employs people to hunt and fish to feed the community, is related to better food security rates (p
El ballet clásico es una manifestación artística donde el criterio anatómico que prima se
dirige a la selección de figuras humanas con dimensiones lineales y predominio de la
delgadez. Esta preferencia es más perentoria en el caso de la figura femenina. Los
estudiantes de ballet clásico deben enfrentar cargas adicionales de actividad física, cuando
se les compara con estudiantes de la misma edad en escuelas regulares. Luego, es
importante que el estudiante de ballet reciba una adecuada alimentación, a los fines de
responder plenamente a la actividad física e intelectual prevista en el proceso de formación
docente-educativo, y a la vez, conservar un buen estado nutricional. Los anteriores
aspectos deben ser tratados con el rigor científico necesario, si se desea lograr un
satisfactorio desempeño técnico-artístico del(la) bailarín/bailarina. La Nutrición no debe
quedar como el acto olvidado en las grandes obras escénicas de tan exquisito arte.
Celiac disease is an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system of genetically susceptible individuals elicits a reaction to gluten causing small intestine damage. If left undiagnosed and untreated, the resulting nutritional malabsorption can lead to anemia, bone disease, growth faltering or other consequences. The condition is lifelong and lacks a cure; the only treatment is lifelong adherence to a gluten-free diet (GFD). This diet is challenging to follow and adversely impacts quality of life; however, it is essential to ensure intestinal recovery and prevent future negative health consequences. The Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics convened an expert panel complemented by a celiac disease patient advocate to evaluate evidence for six topics including Medical Nutrition Therapy (MNT), the GFD, oat consumption, micronutrients, pro-/prebiotics and the low FODMAP (Fermentable Oligosaccharides, Disaccharides, Monosaccharides and Polyols) diet. This publication outlines the Academy's Evidence Analysis Library methods used to complete the systematic review and guideline development, and summarizes the recommendations and supporting evidence. The guidelines affirm that all individuals with celiac disease should follow a GFD (1C, Imperative) that may include gluten-free oats in adults (2D, Conditional). Children should follow a nutritionally adequate GFD that supports healthy growth and development (Consensus, Imperative) and does not unnecessarily restrict gluten-free oats (Consensus, Conditional). The guidelines indicate nutritional care should include routine nutritional assessment (Consensus, Imperative) and MNT (Consensus, Imperative). At this time, the guidelines do not support a recommendation for the addition of the low-FODMAP diet (2C, Conditional), prebiotic or probiotic supplementation (2D, Conditional) or micronutrient supplementation (in the absence of nutritional deficiency) (Consensus, Conditional). The 2021 Celiac Disease Evidence-Based Nutrition Guideline will assist Registered Dietitian Nutritionists in providing appropriate evidence-based MNT to support people with celiac disease in achieving and maintaining nutritional health and avoiding adverse celiac disease consequences throughout their lives.
Most writing on sociological method has been concerned with how accurate facts can be obtained and how theory can thereby be more rigorously tested. In The Discovery of Grounded Theory, Barney Glaser and Anselm Strauss address the equally Important enterprise of how the discovery of theory from data-systematically obtained and analyzed in social research-can be furthered. The discovery of theory from data-grounded theory-is a major task confronting sociology, for such a theory fits empirical situations, and is understandable to sociologists and laymen alike. Most important, it provides relevant predictions, explanations, interpretations, and applications. In Part I of the book, "Generation Theory by Comparative Analysis," the authors present a strategy whereby sociologists can facilitate the discovery of grounded theory, both substantive and formal. This strategy involves the systematic choice and study of several comparison groups. In Part II, The Flexible Use of Data," the generation of theory from qualitative, especially documentary, and quantitative data Is considered. In Part III, "Implications of Grounded Theory," Glaser and Strauss examine the credibility of grounded theory. The Discovery of Grounded Theory is directed toward improving social scientists' capacity for generating theory that will be relevant to their research. While aimed primarily at sociologists, it will be useful to anyone Interested In studying social phenomena-political, educational, economic, industrial- especially If their studies are based on qualitative data. © 1999 by Barney G. Glaser and Frances Strauss. All rights reserved.
As the convenience food industry becomes more prominent in society, it is essential to understand the influence of cooking competence on home food production. Cooking competence allows a consumer to be self reliant and have a healthy diet, creates a less stressful home food production process and influences the consumer’s orientation attitude towards pre-prepared convenience foods. Through a literature review, it was found that mothers and cooking classes are the most important sources to acquire cooking skills, while factors such as gender, age, income, social/educational class, attitude and social environment determine how one acquires their cooking competence. A non-traditional definition of cooking competence was analyzed which strays from the traditional ‘task centered’ approach and instead encompasses a comprehensive set of skills used in domestic cooking. A cooking competence questionnaire was created to include this new definition.
Objective: Vegetarian and vegan diets have gained popularity in Spain. There is no available information about specific food, supplementary intake and macro and micronutrient profile in Spanish vegetarian population. This study aimed to determine and evaluate their dietary intake. Methods: One hundred two Spanish vegetarian and vegans completed a food frequency questionnaire from which their specific food consumption as well daily intake of macro and micronutrients was assessed and subsequently compared to Spanish Dietary Reference intakes. Results: In both groups the diet appeared well balanced with a healthy distribution of macronutrients and fatty acids and a high content of fiber. Vegan subjects showed higher intakes of vegetables, nuts and seeds as compared to vegetarians. At micronutrient level, almost all the vitamins and minerals intake covered Spanish Dietary Reference intakes. Intakes of vitamin B12 and D were below recommendations in both groups. In those micronutrients with a lower intake, higher proportions of vegetarians did meet recommendations as compared to vegans. Conclusions: Diet appeared well balanced regarding macronutrients and fiber. Almost all of the vitamins and mineral intake covered the Spanish DRIs, except B12 and D. Further studies with a large sample are needed to establish conclusions to the Spanish vegetarian population.
La sobrevida de los pacientes infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana (VIH) ha mejorado con el tratamiento antirretroviral de alta eficacia. Nuevos problemas han surgido, como la aparición de efectos adversos.
El objetivo del siguiente trabajo fue describir la prevalencia de lipodistrofia y dislipemia en niños infectados tratados y determinar si el estadio de la enfermedad y la duración del tratamiento se asocian con estas alteraciones.
Material y método: estudio descriptivo de corte transversal. Se definió lipoatrofia al niño con índice de masa corporal (IMC) normal y pliegue tricipital 90p o grasa de disposición central, o ambos; lipodistrofia combinada, la que incluye ambos tipos. Se definieron hipertrigliceridemia e hipercolesterolemia a los valores >90p según tablas de referencia. Se clasificó la duración del tratamiento en menor e igual a cinco años y el estadio de la enfermedad. Los resultados se expresaron como porcentajes con sus intervalos de confianza de 95%. Se utilizó el test de c2.
Resultados: se incluyeron 60 niños con una edad media de 6,8 años ± 3,3. Trece presentaron lipodistrofia (21,7%, IC95%12,5-34,5) y 33 dislipemia (55%, IC95% 41,7-67,7). Ni la dislipemia ni la lipodistrofia se asociaron al estadio de la enfermedad. La dislipemia mixta predominó en los niños con cinco años o más de tratamiento a diferencia de la hipertrigliceridemia. La lipodistrofia no se asoció a la duración del tratamiento.
Conclusiones: la lipodistrofia y la dislipemia son alteraciones frecuentes. El monitoreo de los lípidos y de la composición corporal son imprescindibles para lograr niños más saludables.
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