No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
An integrative theory of intergroup conict
... Social scientists interested in group processes and intergroup relationships are well-positioned to understand these virtual communities including how people are influenced by, and even radicalized, by them. Social identity theory with its deep roots in explaining intergroup conflict (Gaffney & Hogg, 2023;Hogg, 2016;Tajfel & Turner, 1979) is particularly well-equipped in this effort. ...
... Hyperpersonal relationships happen most frequently when people strongly identify with an online group, but they do not know each other FtF. Because group identification leads people toward viewing the group and themselves favorably (Tajfel & Turner 1979), they overinterpret the few cues available to idealize their partner. Essentially, they fill in the gaps in an online relationship with idealized characteristics because they are both members of a valued group. ...
... Outgroups are focal groups that group members agree are different from themselves (Billig & Tajfel, 1973;Tajfel & Turner, 1979). Both typical and extremist virtual communities have outgroups, but the importance of these outgroups to the members' SOCe varies. ...
Virtual communities are online groups organized around a shared interest within which members exchange information and socio-emotional support. Some virtual communities are positive (e.g., cancer support groups) or at least neutral (e.g., cooking groups). Others, like extremist virtual communities, focus on spreading misinformation and supporting violence. Theory and research have not adequately addressed the creation, maintenance, and face-to-face consequences of pro-social, neutral, or extremist virtual communities. One reason is because the research relies on a definition and model of sense of community for which empirical validation is deficient. Following examples in the organizational sciences and social psychology, I revise the sense of community construct to focus on its core meaning: literally, a person’s perception that a group is a community. Then using entitativity and social identity theories, I develop a new model of sense of community and propose theoretical boundaries (e.g., membership, identity, and self-categorization) to explain why prosocial and extremist virtual communities differ. I end with the challenges facing a research program studying extremist virtual communities.
... For the purposes of this research, Social Exchange Theory (Homans, 1958) and Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) have been utilized as guiding theoretical frameworks, as they offer complementary explanations for the behaviors of individuals within larger social contexts. Social Exchange Theory (Homans, 1958) has a substantial precedent of use in analyzing philanthropic behaviors and giving, but supposes humans are primarily individualistic in nature. ...
... Social Exchange Theory (Homans, 1958) has a substantial precedent of use in analyzing philanthropic behaviors and giving, but supposes humans are primarily individualistic in nature. In light of Generation Z's highly group-oriented yet diverse psychographics (Parker & Igielnik, 2020), Social Identity Theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) has also been integrated, as it accounts for the fact that Generation Z views themselves as components within a complex social whole, and that this self-perception will necessarily inform their philanthropic behavior. ...
... Social Identity Theory was developed by Tajfel and Turner (1979) to offer a more complete explanation than existing theories provided of intergroup conflict as the result of individual motivations, proposing that people create groups as a taxonomical means of making sense of society as well as conceptualizing their identity in relation to others. The theory's premise is that the conceptualization of self is a continuum between one's individuality and one's group belonging (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). ...
This phenomenological study was conducted to ascertain Generation Z's attitudes and perspectives regarding agrofood philanthropy. To effectively engage the upcoming generation as philanthropists, it is necessary to determine how they define philanthropy, what motivates them to give, how they have already participated in philanthropic efforts, and their intentions towards future philanthropy. After interviewing participants, it was found that they were driven by a deep desire to connect with others. Donating time to agricultural, food-focused, or rural-serving organizations allowed them to fulfill that desire, resulting in deep organizational commitment and desire to donate time in the future as a means of community integration. Recommendations for future research include a greater balance of gender perspectives and exploring other philanthropic sectors. Recommendations for practice include providing social opportunities and community to engage Generation Z, surfacing the impact of the organization that aligns with their values, and maintaining a robust online presence.
... RBV suggests that a firm's internal resources and capabilities are crucial for gaining competitive advantage (Barney, 1991;Fahy, 1996), making it relevant for understanding how women entrepreneurs use their unique resources for market success. SIT, highlighting how individuals' social identities influence their behaviour (Tajfel et al., 1979;Hogg, 2016), will be used to examine how women entrepreneurs develop social identities through their business activities and how this shapes their marketing practices. Finally, TPB, which links intentions, attitudes and behaviours (Ajzen, 1991;Maheshwari and Kha, 2022), will provide insights into the motivations and decision-making processes of these entrepreneurs. ...
... Social identity theory in women's entrepreneurship. SIT, as conceptualized by Tajfel et al. (1979), emphasizes the influence of group identity on individual behaviour, particularly how individuals classify themselves and others into various social categories. This theory is especially relevant in the context of women entrepreneurs, who often have to navigate complex social dynamics and societal norms. ...
... The application of SIT provides a theoretical underpinning for these marketing practices, illustrating how entrepreneurs' social identities inform their approach to branding and marketing. SIT suggests that the social identities of entrepreneurs play a crucial role in shaping their marketing strategies, guiding the use of localized narratives and the adoption of innovative technologies (Al-Weshah et al., 2022;Tajfel et al., 1979;Hogg, 2016). This emphasis on social identity in marketing reflects an understanding of how cultural and social nuances can be harnessed to craft marketing strategies that resonate on a personal and communal level. ...
Purpose
This study aims to delve into the lived experiences, challenges and visions of women entrepreneurs in Jordan, placing a magnifying glass on those spearheading or co-pioneering start-ups. It aims to understand the myriad factors that influence their entrepreneurial journey, from motivation to the future of their niche.
Design/methodology/approach
Adopting a qualitative lens, this study is anchored in semi-structured interviews encompassing 20 Jordanian women entrepreneurs. Following this, thematic analysis was deployed to dissect and categorize the garnered insights into ten salient themes.
Findings
The study reveals that personal experiences and challenges are pivotal in directing these women towards niche markets, aligning with the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). Tools such as digital instruments, customer feedback and innovative strategies like storytelling and augmented reality are integral to their entrepreneurial success, resonating with the resource-based view (RBV). Additionally, challenges like cultural barriers and infrastructural limitations are navigated through adaptive strategies, reflecting the resilience inherent in these entrepreneurs. Networking, mentorship, embracing technological advancements and implementing sustainable practices are highlighted as crucial elements underpinned by the social identity theory (SIT).
Originality/value
Contrary to the extant body of research, this study provides new insights into the challenges faced by women entrepreneurs in Jordan, highlighting the practical relevance of theories like TPB, RBV and SIT for both policymakers and the start-up community in niche markets.
... In this study, we employ social identity theory (SIT), as introduced by Tajfel et al. (1979), to explain the interplay between JE, EC, JA and PEB in the workplace, with a distinct emphasis on the Chinese hotel industry. This theory clarifies how an individual's attitudes and behaviors are influenced by their relationship with specific social groups. ...
... The theoretical foundation of this study is rooted in the SIT, originally developed by Tajfel et al. (1979). This theory posits that an individual's self-concept is partly derived from their membership in social groups and categories. ...
... These include (1) links -an employees' relationships and connections with other people; (2) fit -the compatibility between the individual, job, organization and community; and (3) sacrifices -what the individual would have to forfeit by leaving the organization (Mitchell et al., 2001). The influence JE on PEB is rooted in the SIT developed by Tajfel et al. (1979). According to this theory, individuals have a natural tendency to emulate behaviors that are consistent with the norms and values of the groups to which they strongly identify or belong. ...
Purpose
Grounded in social identity theory (SIT), this study aims to explore the relationships between job embeddedness (JE), environmental commitment (EC), job autonomy (JA) and pro-environmental behavior (PEB) in the hotel industry. It specifically investigates the mediating role of EC in the JE-PEB relationship and the moderating effect of JA on the JE-EC relationship.
Design/methodology/approach
Employing a quantitative methods approach, this study evaluates the interrelationships among the variables using the SPSS macro-PROCESS Model 4 and 7.
Findings
The study uncovers a significant positive relationship between JE and PEB, mediated by EC. It also identifies JA as a moderator in the JE-EC relationship, which in turn influences PEB.
Practical implications
These insights can guide organizations, especially in the hotel industry, on how job design and organizational culture can be optimized to promote PEB among employees. By enhancing JE and autonomy, organizations can foster greater EC, thereby catalyzing increased PEB.
Originality/value
This study uniquely integrates the constructs of JE, EC, JA and PEB under the lens of SIT, offering fresh perspectives into the dynamics of workplace behavior and its impact on the environment.
... Meanwhile, Soyguden & Schneider (2022) found that the stadium attendance of Yankees fans was affected by the general atmosphere. According to Social Identity Theory (Tajfel, H., Turner, J. C., Austin, W. G., & Worchel, 1979), people use their affiliations with other people as a means of maintaining and strengthening their sense of who they are as individuals. One's "in-group" is defined as an "out-group," and one's own group is likely to be seen favourably in comparison to the "out-group" while forming a group identity. ...
... One's "in-group" is defined as an "out-group," and one's own group is likely to be seen favourably in comparison to the "out-group" while forming a group identity. This leads people to have a sense of belonging to a larger group and an associated good sense of identity (Tajfel, H., Turner, J. C., Austin, W. G., & Worchel, 1979). This theory suggests that individuals derive their sense of self from the groups they belong to, including sports teams. ...
... Previous Woratschek et al., (2020) research supported this research finding when they found out that identification has both direct and indirect (i.e., via customer satisfaction and perceived social actors' contributions) influences on customer loyalty. The psychological theory known as Social Identity Theory (Tajfel, H., Turner, J. C., Austin, W. G., & Worchel, 1979) elucidates the dynamics underlying the connection between people and the organizations they are affiliated with. Social Identity Theory offers valuable insights into the formation of robust attachments and loyalty towards sports teams within the setting of sports team loyalty. ...
For sports to thrive in the long run, it is crucial to understand what motivates fans to attend games and tournaments. This study investigated the factors influencing home-game attendance for a professional football team. 370 supporters who were 18 years of age or older freely completed the surveys at a Malaysian Football League game held at Stadium Likas in Kota Kinabalu, Sabah. Two surveys used a five-point Likert scale to gauge team loyalty (The Tsiotsou scale, 2013) and spectator satisfaction (Oliver, 1980). The Stadium Attendance and Non-Attendance Reason Scale (SANARS) used a Likert-type scale ranging from 1 to 7 to measure stadium attendance, general atmosphere, team impact, and personal relaxation. Cronbach's Alpha for the scales ranged from 0.76 to 0.84, demonstrating excellent reliability and validity. The data was analyzed using SPSS 23.0 package software, using both descriptive statistics and Structural Equation Modelling. Attendance at a stadium was shown to be significantly affected by factors including general atmosphere, spectator satisfaction, team loyalty, personal relaxation opportunities, and team effect. This research also showed how fans' satisfaction during games and the team effect influences fan loyalty. In conclusion, the long-term viability, growth, and success of football clubs and leagues depend on identifying and anticipating the characteristics that affect fan attendance. In the future, researchers may look into why local supporters refrain from frequenting their home stadium. When assessing the effectiveness of the proposed model, it is also essential to consider the demographics and regional behaviours of fans.
... Theories that were adopted in this study include social exchange (Blau, 1964), organizational climate (Schneider, 1990), organizational support (Molinillo et al., 2020), social identity (Leaper, 2011;Tajfel et al., 1979), and Stimulus-Organism-Response framework (Mehrabian and Russell, 1974). ...
... Social identity theory (SIT) (Leaper, 2011;Tajfel et al., 1979) addresses how social identities influence individuals' attitudes and behaviors toward their in-group and other out-groups. SIT argues that people categorize themselves and others into multiple social groups to define and locate themselves in a given environment (Turner, 2010). ...
... It may be helpful to utilize a perspective of SIT (Tajfel et al., 1979) to further understand why a strong CBR can result in discretionary behaviors such as CCBs. In accordance with SIT (Tajfel et al., 1979), customers build and boost a sense of self that is based on the group (or brand) they belong to. ...
... C'est dans cette lignée que s'inscrit cet encadré qui mettra en lumière non seulement les processus de stigmatisation auxquels sont soumis les chômeurs mais également les stratégies que ces derniers mettent en place pour y faire face. A cet effet, certains éléments de la Théorie de l'Identité Sociale seront mobilisés (TIS, Tajfel & Turner, 1979). Plus particulièrement, nous épinglerons le rôle de la perception de perméabilité des frontières intergroupes et des processus identitaires pour rendre compte de la réinsertion professionnelle des chômeurs (Bourguignon & Herman, 2007b). ...
... Or, cette identité sociale négative constitue l'élément clef du processus de stigmatisation, en ce sens qu'elle est le point de convergence de la société et des chômeurs. En effet, l'image que nous avons de nous-mêmes est le produit à la fois de notre identité personnelle (qui dépend de l'ensemble de nos caractéristiques personnelles) mais également de nos identités sociales (qui dépendent de l'ensemble des caractéristiques qui définissent les groupes auxquels nous appartenons ; Tajfel & Turner, 1979). Dans cette perspective, la valeur associée à l'identité sociale est le fruit à la fois de la position du groupe dans la hiérarchie sociale mais également d'un processus de comparaison sociale avec les autres groupes sociaux sur des dimensions jugées pertinentes par l'individu (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). ...
... En effet, l'image que nous avons de nous-mêmes est le produit à la fois de notre identité personnelle (qui dépend de l'ensemble de nos caractéristiques personnelles) mais également de nos identités sociales (qui dépendent de l'ensemble des caractéristiques qui définissent les groupes auxquels nous appartenons ; Tajfel & Turner, 1979). Dans cette perspective, la valeur associée à l'identité sociale est le fruit à la fois de la position du groupe dans la hiérarchie sociale mais également d'un processus de comparaison sociale avec les autres groupes sociaux sur des dimensions jugées pertinentes par l'individu (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). ...
... This study seeks to address this gap by examining the roles of leader identi cation and traditionality in the context of paternalistic leadership. Drawing on social identity theory, we investigate how leader identi cation mediates the relationship between paternalistic leadership and counterproductive behaviors (Tajfel & Turner, 1979;Wang & Howell, 2012). We also explore how traditionality-a measure of adherence to traditional values-moderates this relationship (Tan et al., 2021; Li et al., 2017). ...
... Social identity theory maintains that people classify themselves and others into various social groups, enabling individuals to locate or de ne themselves in the social environment (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). According to social identity theory, leader identi cation occurs when employees positively evaluate both the role and personal identity of their leader (Sluss & Ashforth, 2008). ...
This study investigates how paternalistic leadership—authoritarian, benevolent, and moral—affects counterproductive work behaviors among Chinese Generation Z employees. Using social identity theory and Chinese traditional culture as a foundation, we propose a moderated mediation model with leader identification as a mediator and traditionality as a moderator. Data from a multi-time survey of 324 Gen Z employees in China, analysed with Stata 17.0, reveal that benevolent and moral leadership reduce counterproductive behaviors, while authoritarian leadership increases them. Leader identification fully mediates the effects of benevolent and moral leadership and partially mediates the effect of authoritarian leadership. Traditionality negatively moderates the relationship between paternalistic leadership and leader identification, with lower traditionality strengthening this connection. These results highlight the complex dynamics between leadership styles and employee behavior, providing insights for creating productive and harmonious workplaces for Gen Z employees in China.
... 42 It was found that individuals from different socioeconomic backgrounds may have diverse life experiences and exposures to social inequalities, shaping their perceptions of justice and fairness. 43 According to social identity theory, 44 higher SS individuals may benefit from increased access to resources, opportunities, and social privileges, influencing their beliefs about a just world. SS can also impact individuals' sense of control and agency within society, 41 strengthening their endorsement of a just world belief. ...
... The Role of SSS in Shaping BJW Profiles Among Adolescents Furthermore, the study identified SSS as a significant influencer of BJW transitions, aligning with the "positive experience-driven" hypothesis and social identity theory. 36,44 This theory suggests that individuals' beliefs and behaviors are influenced by their perceived social status. Our findings show that adolescents at low levels of BJW were more likely to transition to high levels of BJW when influenced by higher SSS. ...
Introduction
While numerous studies have investigated the correlations between Belief in a Just World (BJW) and various variables, research on its stability and changes among different individuals, particularly in China, remains limited.
Methods
This study aims to identify the classification and trajectories of BJW among Chinese adolescents using a person-oriented approach, including latent profile analysis and latent transition analysis. It also examines the impact of social status on BJW and its influence on self-regulated learning. The longitudinal data were collected from 756 Chinese high school students (35.71% male, Mage = 16.00, age range = 14–19).
Results
Three distinct BJW profiles were identified: High-level BJW (~33%), Moderate-level BJW (~51%), and Low-level BJW (~14%). The findings indicate that membership in moderate and high BJW profiles was relatively stable, while the low-level BJW profile showed moderate stability. Higher perceptions of BJW were associated with higher subjective social status. Additionally, students in the High-level BJW profile exhibited the highest levels of self-regulated learning, even after controlling for gender, residence, class cadre, and parental educational levels.
Discussion
These results suggest that subjective social status can enhance Belief in a Just World, which in turn fosters better self-regulated learning skills. The study offers insights into the role of BJW and provides implications for interventions aimed at improving BJW and associated outcomes.
... Social Identity Theory, developed by Tajfel and Turner (1979), explores how individuals' identification with social groups influences their attitudes and behaviors. The theory suggests that people derive a sense of identity and self-esteem from their group memberships, and this identification can influence their perceptions and evaluations of other groups (Tajfel et al., 1979). ...
... Social Identity Theory, developed by Tajfel and Turner (1979), explores how individuals' identification with social groups influences their attitudes and behaviors. The theory suggests that people derive a sense of identity and self-esteem from their group memberships, and this identification can influence their perceptions and evaluations of other groups (Tajfel et al., 1979). In the context of international conflicts, social identity theory can explain how identification with national, cultural, or political groups influences public opinion. ...
Public opinion regarding international conflicts plays a crucial role in shaping global diplomatic strategies and media discourse. Understanding how different socio-political contexts influence attitudes towards such conflicts is essential for informed decision-making and policy formulation. This study aims to explore the attitudes and perceptions of the Egyptian audience towards the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, focusing on their support for Ukraine's sovereignty, opinions on Russia's actions, and the influence of media coverage. A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 250 respondents in Egypt, utilizing a structured questionnaire. Statistical analyses including correlation, regression, ANOVA, and reliability analysis (Cronbach’s Alpha) were employed to analyze the data collected. The findings indicate a strong sentiment among the Egyptian audience in support of Ukraine’s sovereignty (75.6% strongly agree) and disapproval of Russia’s actions (49.6% strongly disagree). Media emerged as a significant influencer, with a majority of respondents citing its role in shaping their perceptions of the conflict. The study underscores the influential role of media in shaping public opinion and highlights the need for balanced reporting during international crises. Policymakers can leverage these insights to align diplomatic strategies with public sentiment effectively, fostering transparency and trust in international relations.
... Meanwhile, the similarity-attraction paradigm presents a sociological explanation of diversity; social identity theory focuses on the underlying psychosocial effects (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). The basic argument is that society is essential to an individual's self-concept. ...
... The basic argument is that society is essential to an individual's self-concept. People desire positive social identities, which leads to the tendency to classify people as in-group or out-group and to attribute negative in-group attributes to out-groupers (Tajfel & Turner, 1979;Ashforth & Mael, 1989;2004). For example, we define ourselves as male or female, as European or American, and we identify with our social group's values and cultural identity. ...
Access and authentication: Please visit our page.
Skip to main content
Search
Enter your search terms here
Home
Books
Business and Society 360
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Management, Volume 6
Managing Diversity in the Cruise Industry: Exploring Practices and Metrics
To read this content please select one of the options below:
27.00€ (excl. tax) 30 days to view and download
Managing Diversity in the Cruise Industry: Exploring Practices and Metrics
Save
Related Papers
Chat with paper
Lourdes Susaeta, Esperanza Suárez, Frank Babinger
Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Management
ISBN: 978-1-83549-259-8, eISBN: 978-1-83549-258-1
Publication date: 13 August 2024
Abstract
The cruise sector's workforce is highly diverse in terms of nationalities, age, and gender. However, diversity in the workforce does not guarantee business success.
Decades of research on the effects of diversity indicate that it can negatively or positively affect an organization's performance. A more diverse workforce does not automatically perform better financially, feels more committed to their companies, nor experiences higher levels of satisfaction. Indeed, data suggest diversity may produce more conflict, employee turnover, but if well managed can lead to greater creativity and innovation.
This chapter explores the cruise industry's diversity and inclusion challenges and management practices. To examine what cruise companies are doing in this field, we reviewed the public data of the four largest cruise companies. We analyzed how these companies define diversity, their commitment to inclusion, their practices, their metrics, and their primary objectives.
Firstly, there is no theoretical model that includes all variables that affect the management of diversity in the cruise sector. Secondly, companies communicate a commitment to inclusion in their corporate social responsibility (CSR) reports and refer to similar policies implemented by the hospitality industry. Thirdly, the main challenges are the multicultural environment and the limited female representation.
The major limitation of this study is the data source. We recommend further studies supported by nonpublic company data. We encourage cruise industry leaders to support the research to develop an empirically tested model that captures the specific variables that affect diversity management in the industry.
Keywords
Citation
Susaeta, L., Suárez, E. and Babinger, F. (2024), "Managing Diversity in the Cruise Industry: Exploring Practices and Metrics", Wasieleski, D. and Weber, J. (Ed.) Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI) Management (Business and Society 360, Vol. 6), Emerald Publishing Limited, Leeds, pp. 161-191. https://doi.org/10.1108/S2514-175920240000006007
Publisher: Emerald Publishing Limited
Copyright © 2024 by Emerald Publishing Limited
Support & Feedback
Manage cookies
Emerald logo
© 2024 Emerald Publishing Limited. All rights reserved, including rights for text and data mining, artificial intelligence training and similar technologies.
Services
Authors
Editors
Librarians
Researchers
Reviewers
About
About Emerald
Working for Emerald
Contact us
Publication sitemap
Policies and information
Privacy notice
Site policies
Modern Slavery Act
Chair of Trustees governance statement
Accessibility
Ask
... Social identity is a person's perception of who they are based on their membership in a group [10]. The social identity theory is the most significant contribution of Henrik Tajfel to psychology. ...
... He proposes that the groups (e.g., social class, family, football team, etc.) to which people belonged were a significant source of pride and self-esteem. Groups give us a sense of social identity: a sense of being a part of the social world [10]. Social identity and linguistics are closely intertwined. ...
Internet slang has been a subject that has attracted researchers in the field of linguistics in recent years. In this paper, a quantitative and qualitative method is presented to study the relationship between community identity and people's perception and production of Internet slang written in acronyms, taking the community of fans in China, for example, and the phenomenon of the subculture incorporation in the aspect of the acronyms. It is demonstrated that there is no direct correlation between community identity and how people perceive and create acronyms. The influence of mass media and the Internet, government/official intervention, and people's propensity to follow trends may contribute to the subculture's incorporation in this aspect. The features of the most popular and the least popular acronyms outside the fan community are also presented in the paper.
... grupe i ponašanje u skladu s očekivanjima koje većina drži da bi trebali imati članovi te grupe, nazivamo samo-stereotipiziranje. Drugačije rečeno, ako se starija osoba ponaša u skladu s očekivanjima za osobu te dobi, onda prihvaća stereotip i usklađuje svoje stavove i ponašanje takvom stereotipu. Prema teoriji socijalnog identiteta (Tajfel, 1974.;Tajfel i Turner, 1979.), pitanje poistovjećivanja ili socijalne identifikacije s kategorijom/grupom jest ono što može predvidjeti vjerojatnost prihvaćanja stereotipa o vlastitoj grupi. Ukoliko nam se pripadnost određenoj društvenoj grupi čini prihvatljivom i zadovoljavajućom i ukoliko je grupa vrednovana kao statusno vrijedna, onda ćemo biti jače identificiran ...
... Međutim, neke grupe nije moguće napustiti. Zato pojedinci koji pripadaju nekoj grupi s kojom se ne žele poistovjetiti, uočavaju i ističu razlike među članovima te grupe, kako bi mogli sebe diferencirati u odnosu na ono što se smatra tipičnim za članove te grupe (Tajfel i Turner, 1979.). Iz tog razloga će dio osoba starije životne dobi druge starije osobe percipirati na određeni stereotipan način, ali će sebe smatrati drugačijima u odnosu na ono što bi se očekivalo da je tipično za osobu te dobi. ...
Age stereotypes and meta-stereotypes about older persons represent personal and socially conditioned generalised assumptions about what older persons should be like, how they should act and what will they probably experience as members of that age group, not taking into consideration individual differences among them. Current understanding points to numerous adverse effects of self-stereotyping, stereotyping and ageism on self-understanding, self-efficacy, health and welfare of older persons. Due to a lack of knowledge of the experience of the position of older persons in our society and their view on typical members of their age group, this research aimed to gain deeper insight through using qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews included 40 respondents from a younger group of older persons. Qualitative analysis of the content of statements determined the stereotypes that the respondents have about physical appearance, psycho-physical characteristics and behaviours connected to social relationships of older persons. The position of older persons in society is mostly experienced as unfavourable and socially excluded by the state and society. Key words: age stereotypes, ageism, older persons, qualitative approach.
... Individuals with high levels of social dominance are driven to preserve intergroup inequalities, and in doing so, they are likely to promote stereotypes of gender roles and sexist ideologies, to the point in which social dominance has been attributed to a tolerance of sexually harassing conduct [4][5] [6].Promoting in-group individuals and belittling out-group members are correlated with a social dominance orientation [4] [6].. This shows that [22][23] social identity theory generates a framework for connecting these varied findings [20] [21]. ...
... Social groups, either large or small task-oriented groups, offer their members a collective identity that defines and judges who they are, what they should believe, and how they should behave. Critically, social identities illustrate how the in-group contrasts with relevant out-groups in a given social context [22] [23]. Social identity determines and assesses one's self-concept and how others will treat and perceive others. ...
... This involves drawing on theorizing that explains how the objective and structural features of people's worlds (e.g., neighborhood characteristics) are incorporated into their subjective psychology. One body of work that offers a framework for doing this is provided by social identity theorizing (after Tajfel & Turner, 1979;Turner et al., 1987). This examines (a) how people come to see themselves as members of, and as belonging to, a given neighborhood and (b) how this, in turn, influences their perceptions, affect, and behavior. ...
... A key question that we posed earlier in this review is why this is the case. Integrating insights from social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979) and self-categorization theory (Turner et al., 1987), the social identity approach allows us to make sense of this variability by distinguishing between a neighborhood as a physical entity (i.e., as a defined geographical area of co-located residents) and as a psychological entity (i.e., as a group of people who share a sense of themselves as residents of a given neighborhood). In what follows, we argue that the unique value of the social identity approach to neighborhood mental health is that it specifies the social identity processes that shape both group cohesion and perceptions of environment quality. ...
Integrative theorizing is needed to advance our understanding of the relationship between where a person lives and their mental health. To this end, we introduce a social identity model that provides an integrated explanation of the ways in which social-psychological processes mediate and moderate the links between neighborhood and mental health. In developing this model, we first review existing models that are derived primarily from a resource-availability perspective informed by research in social epidemiology, health geography, and urban sociology. Building on these, the social identity model implicates neighborhood identification in four key pathways between residents’ local environment and their mental health. We review a wealth of recent research that supports this model and which speaks to its capacity to integrate and extend insights from established models. We also explore the implications of the social identity approach for policy and intervention.
Public Abstract
We need to understand the connection between where people live and their mental health better than we do. This article helps us do this by presenting an integrated model of the way that social and psychological factors affect the relationship between someone’s neighborhood and their mental health. This model builds on insights from social epidemiology, health geography, and urban sociology. Its distinct and novel contribution is to point to the importance of four pathways through which neighborhood identification shapes residents’ mental health. A large body of recent research supports this model and highlights its potential to integrate and expand upon existing theories. We also discuss how our model can inform policies and interventions that seek to improve mental health outcomes in communities.
... Studies have shown that social identities can be an impetus for electoral participation and that highly identifying minority members are more likely to politically participate (Kalin and Sambanis, 2018;Simon and Klandermans, 2001). To understand this linkage, we need to integrate voting theories (see above) with Social Identity Theory (SIT) (Taifel, 1982;Tajfel and Turner, 1979). SIT posits that people strive for a positive group identity. ...
... Regarding religious identification, as discussed earlier, SIT posits that being part of a marginalized group will motivate highly identifying group members to act in order to improve their group distinctiveness (Tajfel and Turner, 1979). However, the SIT-related Rejection Identification Model (RIM) (Branscombe et al., 1999) adds that this motivation is contingent on whether boundaries between the marginalized and dominant group are permeable. ...
Investigating the relationship between Islamic religiosity and electoral participation amongst Muslim citizens in Western Europe, this study combines insights from the sociology of religion and Islamic studies with political behavior literature thus creating an improved theoretical framework and a richer empirical understanding surrounding the electoral participation of religious minorities. First, we theorize about three underlying dimensions of Islamic religiosity: frequency of mosque attendance, religious identification, and frequency of prayer. Subsequently, we consider how the religiosity–voting relationship is bolstered or hindered by hostile national environments such as more exclusionary policies and practices (e.g., veil banning or exclusionary citizenship laws).
Empirically, we use a unique dataset that harmonizes five European surveys, resulting in a sample size of just under 8,000 European Muslims. Using multi-level techniques, we find, contrary to research on majority religiosity, that communal religiosity is unrelated to electoral participation. However, individual religiosity bolsters voting in particular among the second generation. Opposite to our expectation, we find that hostile environments do not seem to lead to different impacts of Islamic religiosity within Western Europe. Our results support the taking of a more fine-grained approach when measuring religiosity and also highlight how the impact varies across genders and generations.
... Racial/ethnic group re ects how a person is categorized by the outside world; however, it is equally or even more important to consider how a person views themselves and their relationship with their racial/ethnic group. According to the social identity theory (SIT, Tajfel & Turner, 1979), once individuals have selected social identities, they are invested in maintaining and enhancing a positive self-concept (Yip et al., 2019). As predicted by SIT, review articles, meta-analyses and longitudinal studies found that racial/ethnic identity prompts selfesteem and well-being (Phinney, 1991;Phinney & Chavira, 1992;Smith & Silva, 2011). ...
... Speci cally, racial/ethnic identity was positively linked with self-esteem, suggesting that university students who strongly identify with their racial/ethnic group are more likely to have higher self-esteem. This result is consistent with the prediction from the social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). However, stronger racial/ethnic identity was also linked with more perceived microaggression and simultaneously exacerbated the association between discrimination and academic maladjustment. ...
Perceived racism comes in the form of blatant discrimination and microaggressions. This study investigated and compared the relations of perceived blatant discrimination and microaggression to university students’ well-being (physical and psychological health, academic adjustment), and how the associations may be influenced by racial/ethnic identity and self-esteem. A self-report survey from racial/ethnic minority university students showed that higher perceived racism was associated with higher stress levels, more somatic symptoms, and worse academic adjustment. Microaggression showed larger negative impact than blatant discrimination. Racial/ethnic identity showed complex effects—a large positive effect by promoting self-esteem and a modest negative effect by intensifying the perception of microaggression. Self-esteem was strongly associated with well-being, yet it also exacerbated the negative association between microaggression and academic adjustment. These findings suggest that racism—microaggression in particular—harm racial/ethnic minority university students in multiple aspects, and that racial/ethnic identity and self-esteem are primarily protective factors, yet mechanisms leading to negative outcomes also exist.
... This research is corroborated on social identity theory. The theory of social identity is given by (Tajfel et al., 1979). "Social identity theory refers to the ways that people's self-concepts are based on their membership in social groups" (Tajfel et al., 1979). ...
... The theory of social identity is given by (Tajfel et al., 1979). "Social identity theory refers to the ways that people's self-concepts are based on their membership in social groups" (Tajfel et al., 1979). This theory basically highlights the fact that how employees feel more confident when working in socially responsible organization where green practices are encouraged by successful implementation of green HRM practices, they feel more empowered which will ultimately enhance their work engagement and build their own image. ...
The main idea of this paper is to highlight the importance of environmental sustainability along with importance of implementation of green human resource management practices within an organization. Mediating role of pro environmental behaviors between the relationship of green human resource management and green recovery performance is the focus of study. It also looks at the moderating effect of ethical leadership style to achieve enhanced green recovery performance. The approach used for this study is quantitative and deductive. The researcher collected data through an electronic questionnaire and personally administration from 10 industries selected as per convince from PBD. Hayes process was used to analyze the mediating effect. Two hundred and fifty responses used as a sample for this study. The results confirm the findings of previous\researches conducted in other cultures. It also confirms that pro environmental behavior mediates the relationship of green human resource management and green recovery performance, and the Ethical leadership style (ELP) not moderate the relationship between GHRM and GRP and between GHRM and PEB respectively. This research provides guidelines for the researchers, policy makers, and managers.
... The primary condition for motivating individuals toward activism, according to social identity theory (Tajfel & Turner, 1979), is a sense that they are part of the same social group (Brown, 2000). Identification with the group leads individuals to imagine themselves as sharing similar values and holding comparable goals to others with that same group identity. ...
... We explored the interaction between group narratives, personal experiences, and activist practices. Previous research using the social identity approach tends to view social activism to be rooted in a shared group identity (Brown, 2000;Tajfel & Turner, 1979). More recent research on collective action suggests that when individuals saw their social identity as based in politicized discourse that highlights unjust treatment to their group, they were more likely to participate in collective action (Duncan & Stewart, 2007;Simon & Klandermans, 2001). ...
... Social exchange theory (Blau, 1964;Cropanzano & Mitchell, 2005) and social identity theory (Tajfel et al., 1979;Ashforth & Mael, 1989) are among the most frequently invoked theoretical perspectives used to explain the relationships between CSR and organizational trust (Jones, 2010) and identification (Kim et al., 2010). One of the fundamental principles of social exchange theory is the norm of reciprocity (Gouldner, 1960), the idea that relationships are based on mutual trust and that benefits will be exchanged between parties. ...
... Companies can help the community by donating supplies, making a monetary contribution to disaster aid agencies, providing meals, or volunteering to help with clean-up. Social identity theory (Tajfel et al., 1979;Ashforth & Mael, 1989) has been used to explain the relationship between such actions and employee attitudes toward the organization (Kim et al., 2010;Van Knippenberg, Van Dick, & Tavares, 2007). Social identity theories suggest that employees may differ concerning the extent to which their membership in their organization is part of their self-concept (Van Knippenberg et al., 2007). ...
Corporate social responsibility (CSR) has become increasingly recognized for being a source of positive organizational outcomes. More specifically, CSR has been positively associated with employees experiencing higher levels of organizational trust and organizational identification. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship among these variables in a post-disaster context – the aftermath of Hurricane Ida. In such conditions, employers’ CSR actions may be particularly salient to employees’ perceptions of and attitudes toward their organization. Based on a set of quantitative and qualitative survey data in a sample of South Louisiana employees, our study finds evidence that organizations’ CSR actions directed toward employees may be a stronger influence on employee trust and identification than actions taken to help the community. Implications for theory and practice and directions for future research are discussed.
... By examining and understanding the various elements that contribute to authenticity, researchers have developed sophisticated theories of authentic Leadership that highlight the critical role of authenticity in effective leadership [47,57,21]. ...
In contemporary organizational settings, leadership significantly shapes organizational dynamics and influences employee attitudes and behaviors. Despite extensive research on leadership styles, there remains a gap in understanding the impact of authentic leadership on key employee outcomes, such as organizational identification and felt obligation. Drawing on Social Identity Theory (SIT), this paper examines how authentic leadership fosters organizational identification and influences felt obligation among employees. We propose a framework that considers the role of job fit as a moderating factor in these relationships. By exploring the mechanisms through which authentic leadership enhances employee identification and obligation, this study bridges the gap between leadership theory and practical applications in organizational behavior. The findings offer valuable insights for organizational leaders and human resource practitioners on promoting authentic leadership and ensuring proper job fit to enhance overall organizational effectiveness.
... For instance, a 2021 study by Rathje et al. 7 found that mentions of the opposite political party in the United States (e.g., Democratic politicians talking about Republicans and vice versa) were the strongest correlates of engagement with political content on Facebook and Twitter (currently X), suggesting that social identity cues may underlie what gains popularity on social media. Social identity theory (SIT) 10 postulates that people derive part of their self-identity from salient memberships in social groups and start comparing themselves (i.e., the ingroup) to others (i.e., the outgroup), which makes SIT helpful in explaining intergroup conflict and affective polarization 11 . ...
Despite the global presence of social media platforms, the reasons why people like and share content are still poorly understood. We investigate how group identity mentions and expressions of ingroup solidarity and outgroup hostility in posts correlate with engagement on Ukrainian social media (i.e., shares, likes, and other reactions) before and after the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine. We use a dataset of 1.6 million posts from Ukrainian news source pages on Facebook and Twitter (currently X) and a geolocated sample of 149 thousand Ukrainian tweets. Before the 2022 Russian invasion, we observe that outgroup mentions in posts from news source pages are generally more strongly associated with engagement than negative, positive, and moral-emotional language. After the invasion, social identity mentions become less strongly associated with engagement. Moreover, post-invasion ingroup solidarity posts are strongly related to engagement, whereas posts expressing outgroup hostility show smaller associations. This is the case for both news and non-news social media data. Our correlational results suggest that signaling solidarity with one’s ingroup online is associated with more engagement than negativity about outgroups during intense periods of intergroup conflicts, at least in the context of the Russian-Ukrainian war.
... Common factors that predict persistence in STEM include perceived belonging and fit [1,2] and science identity or self-concept [3,4]. According to the Social Identity Theory [5], people derive a part of their self-concept based on their membership in social groups as well as their emotional attachment to said groups. An interrelated construct involves identification with a certain domain or role (e.g., Physics or physicists), which is influenced by "expectations and perceptions associated with a situation or area" [6]. ...
... The theoretical basis of identity suggests the groups in which individuals belong lead them to feel similar with their in-group and different towards out-groups (Tajfel & Turner, 1979). Roles that individuals occupy and perform in a structured society are formative to identity (Stryker, 1980). ...
Purpose The training of clinical psychologists is conducted by clinicians, academics, trainees, service users and carers. Often those working in clinical psychology do so due to their own lived experiences. These stakeholders may require navigating both personal and professional identities in their roles. This study aimed to understand identities within UK clinical psychology training.
Method
Focus groups were used to socially construct and measure identity constructions of groups in clinical psychology training. A social constructionist lens was used to thematically analyse data.
FindingsFour themes were found across groups. Theme 1 identified ‘dynamics of identity’ where personal and professional identities were ‘integrated,’ ‘separated,’ ‘permeable,’ or ‘visible/invisible.’ Theme 2 found the ‘impact of language and labels to rebalance power’, encompassing, ‘expectations and invalidation of a label,’ ‘weight of a label,’ and motivations to ‘rebalance the power.’ Theme 3 constructed ‘learner’ and ‘expert’ identities for each group and Theme 4 found ‘Bridging Them & Us divisions’ by identifying, ‘Feeling Similar and Different,’ and ‘Barriers and Connections.’
Implications and Conclusions This is the first study to use focus groups to socially construct and measure identities in clinical psychology training. The research gives clarity to identities within clinical psychology training and can help bridge Them & Us divisions, promoting effective collaboration across the workforce.
... According to social identity theory, individuals construct their sense of self by associating with social categories or group memberships. 24 When individuals align themselves with a specific group, they tend to imitate the characteristics of the group. 25 Previous research showed that compared with non-medical students, medical students were more worried about the unclear pharmacological and toxicological properties of Chinese herbs. ...
The use of traditional medicine is a global phenomenon, and the WHO advocated its appropriate integration into modern healthcare systems. However, there is a hot debate about the legitimacy of traditional medicine among the general public. Here, we investigated the debate in the Chinese digital context by analysing 1954 responses related to 100 questions about traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) treatment against COVID-19 on the Zhihu platform. Attitude function theory was applied to understand the reasons underlying public attitudes.
Results showed that Zhihu users generally held a supportive attitude toward TCM. Their attitudes mainly came from their own experience and traditional media. The general users were more negative while medical professionals were more positive toward TCM. Ego defence (eg, derogating evidence sources) was used the most to support attitudes, followed by value expression (eg, believing in science). Supporters showed fewer expressions of faith (eg, the use of TCM is a kind of faith), politics (eg, supporting TCM is about politics) and science value (eg, TCM is a field of science), fewer ego defence, more patriotism and cultural confidence expressions (eg, TCM is a cultural pride) and more knowledge explanation (eg, TCM accelerates the metabolism of phlegm) than expected. Opposers showed fewer utilitarian and knowledge functions, fewer expressions of patriotism and more expressions of faith, politics and economics, but more ego defence functions than expected. Opposing posts were more likely to attract engagement than supporting and neutral posts. Posts that mentioned attitude functions generally attracted more engagement.
Our findings indicate that TCM debate in modern China is not only relevant to medical science and health, but also rooted deeply in cultural ideology, politics and economics. The findings can provide global insights into the development of proactive policies and action plans that will help the integration of traditional medicine into modern healthcare systems.
... Executive team age heterogeneity refers to the age differences among executive team members. According to Social Identity Theory (Tajfel et al., 1979), the more similar the ages of the executive team members, the more similar their value judgments and the stronger the cohesion of the executive team. The age differences among executives can affect their risk preferences, leading to diverse corporate strategic decisions. ...
In recent years, the ESG performance of firms has attracted considerable attention from both academia and the practical field. Enhancing firms' ESG performance not only serves as a “wind vane” for sustainable development but also injects new vitality into the high-quality growth of China’s economy. As the core actors within the corporate power hierarchy, the heterogeneity characteristics of the executive team are significant determinants of corporate behavior and may influence firms' ESG performance. Based on Corporate Life Cycle Theory and Upper Echelons Theory, this paper empirically tests the relationship between executive team heterogeneity and firms' ESG performance using the data from Chinese A-share listed companies for the period 2009-2021. The empirical results reveal that age heterogeneity and financial background heterogeneity in the executive team have significant negative effects on firms' ESG performance; in contrast, executive team academic background heterogeneity significantly enhances firms' ESG performance.The mechanism test indicates that the quality of accounting information disclosure plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between executive team heterogeneity and firms' ESG performance. Further analysis shows that the effect of executive team heterogeneity on firms' ESG performance is more pronounced in corporates that are in the mature and decline stages. This study enriches the research on the economic consequences of executive team heterogeneity and the influencing factors of firms' ESG performance, providing theoretical support and empirical evidence for promoting sustainable development and deeply implementing the "Dual Carbon" goals.
... This ties in with environmental psychology, which posits that individuals feel more comfortable and are more likely to interact with others who match the context or 'script' of a given setting [36]. The nuanced dynamics of interaction initiation, particularly along gender lines, underscore existing gender role expectations, where deviations from the norm can lead to heightened wariness [37]. Some responses indicated that both men and women expressed wariness when approached by the opposite gender. ...
This qualitative study explores the factors influencing an individual's trust and engagement with potential social engineers, based on the latter's demographic and visual cues. We developed and validated 16 personas, each with distinct demographics and visual cues. These personas were presented to participants, offering the use of their mobile internet hotspot in a scenario that simulates a situation in which the participant loses internet connectivity. Participants from Arab and European countries expressed their trust levels and reactions to different groups of personas, who approach the participant with the hotspot offer. The responses were collected through semi-structured interviews and transcribed using Microsoft Teams. Utilizing thematic analysis, the findings indicate that trust factors are profoundly shaped by stereotypical perceptions and heuristics, particularly those associated with demographics and visual cues. Furthermore, the analysis revealed various interaction patterns, including situational context and gender-related interaction initiation, which had an impact on trust and engagement choices with personas. This underscores the role of individual factors, such as personal experiences and psychological predispositions, in conjunction with cultural and social norms, in shaping an individual's trust and perceptions. These insights underscore the importance of targeted interventions, such as awareness programs and debiasing strategies, which have proven effective in other domains like education and health. Such interventions are essential for enhancing digital security measures and empowering individuals to critically assess and mitigate risks associated with social engineering attempts.
... eo Tajfel và Turner trong lý thuyết Bản sắc xã hội -"Social Identity eory" nghiên cứu về cách nhận thức và quá trình xã hội hóa đóng một vai trò trong việc hình thành nhận dạng xã hội và nhóm, cũng như tác động của nhận dạng này đối với hành vi cá nhân và nhóm. Mỗi cá nhân có một loạt Social changes and science, technology and innovation management issues in Vietnam các nhận dạng xã hội, mỗi nhận dạng liên quan đến một nhóm cụ thể mà họ cảm thấy mình là một phần của (ví dụ: dân tộc, giới tính, sở thích, nghề nghiệp, v.v.) [11]. MXH có khả năng đẩy mạnh hiệu ứng này khi sinh viên tìm kiếm và tương tác với nhóm đồng đẳng. ...
... Stigma-related stress leads to impaired physical health outcomes, including asthma (Conron et al., 2010) and poor cardiovascular health (Krieger & Sidney, 1996). In reference to self-esteem, Tajfel and Turner (1979) explains We are made to work a great deal 2.06 1.38 that individuals seek positive evaluations of the group to which they belong because it leads to their heightened sense of self-worth and self-esteem. Belonging to a group that has been stigmatized by the society has a toll over the selfesteem of its members (Liang et al., 2004;Rudman et al., 2002). ...
Stigma is a strong negative perception of other person or other group, about their physical as well as social characteristics. The stigmatized groups are discriminated against, oppressed, and treated inhumanly for their condition. Although such groups exist in most societies, stigma-tization differs across cultures. The paper conceptualizes stigma, identifies its various dimensions, and describes the development of the social stigma scale to measure experiences and perception of stigmatized persons. Unstructured interviews with ten people were conducted, at least one from the six stigmatized groups: eunuchs, beggars, disabled, widows , poor, and leprosy patients to identify salient features of stigma. Content analysis of the unstructured interviews led to identify stigma's dimensions: marginalization, exclusion , ritualistic inclusion, dehumanization, (i.e. humiliation, atrocity, and exploitation), and identity. Each dimension was operationalized facilitating items (statements) writing and final selection of 30-items for the social stigma scale (SSS). The social stigma scale was administered to 328 participants in the six stigmatized groups to standardize the scale and determine reliability and validity. The internal consistency (Cronbach alpha) of each dimension was computed. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was determined to establish the scale's construct validity. The Cronbach alpha (α) values, CFA, and intercorrelations suggest conceptual convergence of stigma dimensions and confirmation of essential criteria of the social stigma scale in the Indian context.
... Identitas bisa berbentuk kebangsaan, ras, etnik, kelas pekerja, agama, umur, gender, suku, keturunan, dan lain-lain (Wahyudi & Suhana, 2020). (Tajfel & Turner, 2001) mengatakan teori identitas sosial menekankan pentingnya proses kelompok dalam memahami perilaku individu dan kelompok (Slater et al., 2014). Menyikapi usulan (Mayo, 1945) bahwa psikologi individu adalah produk dari identitas sosial mereka, pendekatan identitas sosial berpendapat bahwa dalam konteks sosial orang dapat mendefinisikan diri mereka sendiri sebagai individu ('I' dan 'me') dan sebagai anggota kelompok ('we' dan 'us'). ...
Gaya servant leadership menjadi model kepemimpinan yang baru diadaptasi. Prinsip servant leadership secara konseptual yang saling berkaitan antara pendekatan social identity dengan kepemimpinan atlet, karena kedua perspektif tersebut didukung oleh hubungan bersama antara pemimpin dan anggota tim mereka. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan servant leadership dengan identitas sosial atlet berdasarkan jenis kelamin dengan menggunakan kuesioner yang berisi data diri sampel secara singkat, dan kedua instrumen (RSLP-S dan SIQS). Populasi dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 30 atlet hoki kabupaten Pandeglang yang terdiri dari 15 atlet putra dan 15 atlet putri dengan dengan pengambilan teknik sampelnya adalah total sampling. Teknik analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi pearson. Hasil analisis data menunjukan baik untuk perempuan maupun laki-laki memiliki hubungan yang kecil antara servant leadership dengan identitas sosial (untuk perempuan sebesar 49% dan laki-laki sebesar 41%). Dapat disimpulkan bahwa baik perempuan ataupun laki-laki tidak memiliki hubungan dengan servant leadership dan identitas sosial. peneliti merekemondasikan untuk melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menambahkan jumlah responden, melakukan penelitian lebih lanjut mengenai gaya kepemimpinan servant leadership dengan menambahkan atau mengubah variabel, mengubah kapten tim menjadi pelatih sebagai pelaku dari servant leadership, serta mencari pengaruh dari servant leadership terhadap variabel selaras.
... Moreover, the theory of stereotype threat highlights how negative stereotypes linked to a child's social group can impede their performance and behavior due to the fear of confirming those stereotypes (Steele and Aronson, 1995). These processes are influenced by social identity theory, which asserts that children's self-concept and behavior are shaped by the labels associated with their social groups, thereby impacting their interactions and sense of identity (Tajfel et al., 1979). Finally, symbolic interactionism emphasizes that labels assigned to children are socially constructed through interactions, shaping their self-concept and subsequent interactions with others (Blumer, 1986). ...
Introduction
This article presents the findings of an experimental study aimed at investigating the impact of coercive and assertive communication on children’s emotional responses and behavioral tendencies within parent–child interactions.
Methods
The study tested four hypotheses related to children’s feelings, personalization bias, the need to express their point of view, and the desire to retreat to their room alone. Short audio stimuli recorded by a female assistant, representing a mother addressing her child, were utilized to create five different communication situations. The experimental procedure involved participants listening to the audio stimuli and answering related questions. The study included 123 participants between the ages of 9 and 13, with an equal gender distribution.
Results
The results of One-Way ANOVA tests indicated significant differences among the four types of communication in terms of unpleasant feelings, personalization bias, listening to a personal point of view, and retreating into a personal room. The findings suggest that coercive communication elicited more negative emotional responses and stronger tendencies toward personalization bias, expressing personal opinions, and seeking solitude compared to assertive communication.
Discussion
The implications of these findings highlight the importance of promoting positive and respectful communication strategies in parent–child relationships to foster children’s emotional well-being and healthy behavioral development.
... The first finding there are 20% (6) studies used social identity theory, a theory commonly used in SBC research, while 10% (3) articles each used social exchange theory, selfverification theory, and self-concept, 6, 6% (2) articles using customer engagement, selfexpansion theory, and attachment theory. In particular, social identity theory (Tajfel, 1974;Tajfel & Turner, 1979, Henry & Turner 1986 states that most consumer behavior is elucidated from community influential interaction within individuals. ...
Various studies have been conducted to investigate self-brand connections in influencing consum- ers to form brand associations. The authors organized and synthesized the literature on self-brand connections to analyze 20 published articles in the last 25 years over-identification of similarities, in- consistencies, investigation of different conceptualizations of self-brand connections, boundary con- ditions of self-brand connections on brand associations, psychological mechanisms of self-brand connections, theoretical foundations of self-brand connections, and methodological approaches of self-brand connections used in prior literature. The objective of this study is to outlines avenues for opportunities in future research based on previous research.
... Educators can lessen the influence of negative peer pressure and foster true connections based on shared values and interests by fostering an inclusive school environment. This strategy enables teenagers to create relationships based on their distinct identities and goals (Tajfel et al., 1979). ...
Adolescence is a critical period characterized by profound transformations in identity, moral cognition, and relational dynamics. This qualitative research study employs a multifaceted approach, combining discussions, observations, and literature review to understand adolescent development's interconnected elements comprehensively. Through in-depth discussions with adolescents, educators, and caregivers, as well as observations in diverse educational settings, this study captures the nuanced interplay and complexities of adolescent identity formation, moral growth, and the role of supportive relationships. Thematic analysis of the collected data reveals significant insights into the impact of these factors on mental health, psychosocial functioning, and academic Motivation. By integrating findings with existing literature, this study contributes to the knowledge base, providing practical strategies and implications for educators, caregivers, and researchers to foster positive adolescent development, well-being, and academic success. Ultimately, this research aims to promote holistic support for adolescents during this pivotal developmental stage.
... Homosexual Muslims may belong to different groups and identify with multiple identities. Such identifications are motivated by a desire to maintain their group memberships (Tajfel and Turner, 1979). The process of identity formation is often the outcome of a variety of influences that shape both the individual and the collective belonging of homosexual Muslims. ...
This article shows that British homosexual Muslims face rejection and identity conflict between their homosexuality and their Muslimness. The opposition between Islam and homosexuality has created a feeling of exclusion, illustrating the assumed incompatibility between being Muslim and being homosexual. Homosexual Muslims face religiously motivated homophobia rooted in the heteronormative precepts of Islam. In parallel, they face Islamophobic attitudes in which Islam is now used as a form of civilisational opposition to the British values of tolerance and inclusion and the wider homosexual community see it as a threat to their very existence. Nevertheless, the results show that the hostility of Muslims toward homosexuality is evolving, and the heteronormative discourses are now coexisting with more neutral and even homo-friendly approaches. A new bicultural belonging among homosexual Muslims is being constructed to address individual strategies of managing both identities and is fostering new interpretations of acceptance of different sexualities within Islam.
... Consequently, societal expectations position men as providers of help rather than recipients (Eagly & Crowley, 1986). Social Identity Theory (Tajfel et al., 1979) further underscores that men's adherence to in-group norms depends on the significance of these norms to their sense of belonging. Recent research has posited this, in turn, may drive men who strongly embrace masculine norms to avoid behaviours perceived as non-masculine, including seeking help (Kantar & Yalçin, 2023b). ...
This study explores how traditional masculine norms affect mental health help-seeking attitudes in men residing in regional, rural, and remote Australia. Participants (N = 271) were men living outside of major cities of Australia. Analyses of survey data found increasing endorsement of masculine norms was predictive of more negative attitudes toward help-seeking. Perceived barriers to help seeking partially mediated relationships between masculine norms and help seeking. Full mediation was present for gender role conflict through perceived barriers and help seeking. These findings suggest efforts to improve mental health of men from non-urban communities may consider the way health messages could be targeted to optimise help seeking. Increasing engagement with stakeholders, such as clinicians, community groups, government agencies, and mental health organisations is warranted when engaging men living in non-urban areas.
... At first, this research uses Social Identity Theory (SIT) and the Resource-based View (RBV) to link KOL, team empowerment and PS. According to SIT, personnel classify themselves and others in social groups like organizational membership (Tajfel et al., 1979). The RBV perceives business setup as a collection of distinctive resources that act as the basis of the organization's strategy and the key source of effectiveness (Barney, 1991). ...
... Given the ongoing appeal of individualistic metatheory (e.g., as noted by Lynch & Kalaitazake, 2020;Steiner, 1974), the need to advance an alternative perspective that recognizes the unique psychological dimensions of collective behavior remains a pressing challenge for leadership research and for political psychology more generally. At a general level this is a challenge that has been met by social identity approach in social psychology (SIT, Tajfel, 1979;Tajfel et al., 1979;Turner & Oakes, 1986;Turner, 1991) as well new-institutionalism theorizing in political science (DiMaggio & Powell, 1983;March & Olsen, 1983). Accordingly, in what follows, we seek to show how insights from a social identity approach can be used to develop a non-reductionist, integrative theory of political leadership. ...
This volume contains 30 chapters that provide an up-to-date account of key topics and areas of research in political psychology. In general, the chapters apply what is known about human psychology to the study of politics. Chapters draw on theory and research on biopsychology, neuroscience, personality, psychopathology, evolutionary psychology, social psychology, developmental psychology, cognitive psychology, and intergroup relations. Some chapters address the political psychology of political elites—their personality, motives, beliefs, and leadership styles, and their judgments, decisions, and actions in domestic policy, foreign policy, international conflict, and conflict resolution. Other chapters deal with the dynamics of mass political behavior: voting, collective action, the influence of political communications, political socialization and civic education, group-based political behavior, social justice, and the political incorporation of immigrants. Research discussed in the volume is fueled by a mix of age-old questions and recent world events.
... Social identity theory [25,26] is integrated with resource-based view theory (RBV) [27][28][29] in this paper to examine the relationship among place identity, social capital, self-efficacy, and homestays' performance. Social identity theory supports the notion that individuals derive a sense of identity and self-esteem from their membership in social groups, and the theory can be used to explain how place identity and social capital, both of which can be seen as parts of social identity, influence entrepreneurial self-efficacy by providing individuals with a sense of belonging, support, and access to resources. ...
It is necessary to analyze the entrepreneurial performance mechanism of rural homestays to improve farmers’ incomes under the strategy of rural revitalization in China. This study constructs a mechanism model, in which place identity and social capital are antecedent variables and entrepreneurial self-efficacy is an intermediary variable. Three hundred and fifty five valid samples were collected from rural homestayers in suburban areas of Beijing. A structural equation modelling by Mplus was conducted for path-analysis and also a mediating effects test to verity the theoretical model. The results demonstrate that place identity has no significant effect on entrepreneurial performance, while social capital and entrepreneurial self-efficacy do have. In fact, place identity and social capital have significant positive effects on entrepreneurial self-efficacy. Entrepreneurial self-efficacy plays a complete mediating role in the relationship between place identity and farmers’ entrepreneurial performance, and a partial mediating role in the relationship between social capital and farmers’ entrepreneurial performance. Under the background of rural revitalization, the conclusions of this study provide a theoretical basis for improving the farmer’s entrepreneurial performance and have certain practical management significance.
... The greater strength of this link for students from underrepresented racial/ethnic groups may stem from the power dynamics of the social context of chemistry education and multiple social categories (Thoman et al., 2013). That is, belonging to a racial/ethnic group that is underrepresented can convey a lack of "fit" with that social context for group members (Kim et al., 2018;Rodriguez & Blaney, 2021;Tajfel & Turner, 1986), underscoring the need to draw upon other psychosocial resources (e.g., attainment value) to persist and achieve in that space. Believing one is a "science person" or that achievement in chemistry is important to one's sense of self might compensate for the potentially deleterious effects of belonging to a group that is underrepresented in that context, reflecting the more powerful role of attainment value for members of such groups. ...
The underrepresentation of women and Black, Latinx, and Native Americans within the United States scientific workforce is a persistent and multifaceted problem warranting an intersectional approach. Applying intersectionality to the expectancy-value theory of motivation, we examined initial motivation and subsequent achievement among a sample of undergraduate students ( N = 687) enrolled in the science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) gateway course of introductory chemistry at a diverse 4-year university. We found no racial/ethnic group differences in initial motivation, but small ( d = .30) group differences in achievement. Results revealed a pattern of gender differences across both underrepresented (i.e., Black, Latinx, and Native American) and well-represented (i.e., White, Asian American) racial/ethnic groups such that, relative to men, women began the class with lower levels of confidence about their performance, but greater utility value and attainment value in learning chemistry. Consistent with expectancy-value theory, motivation at the beginning of the semester positively predicted final exam scores across gender and racial/ethnic intersectional groups. For Black, Latinx, and Native American students, attainment value was an especially strong predictor of subsequent achievement. Our findings point to the need to cultivate social contexts within undergraduate STEM education that promotes all aspects of science motivation among students from underrepresented groups. Online slides for instructors who want to use this article for teaching are available on PWQ's website at http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/suppl/10.1177/03616843231153390 .
Middle East Journal of Islamic Studies and Culture
This article reviews the literature on the psychology of social movements from a sociological perspective. By integrating key psychological theories with sociological frameworks, this review explores how individual psychological factors, such as identity, emotions, and motivation, influence collective behavior in social movements. The paper also examines how social structures and cultural contexts shape these psychological processes. The review provides a comprehensive review of the interdisciplinary nature of social movements, offering insights into both individual and collective dimensions of mobilization. By bridging psychology and sociology, this article explores the driving forces behind social movements, focusing on the role of identity, motivation, emotions, and social context.
People often display ingroup bias in punishment, punishing outgroup members more harshly than ingroup members. However, the impact of group membership may be less pronounced when people are choosing whether to stop interacting with someone (i.e., partner rejection). In two studies (N = 1667), we investigate the impact of group membership on both response types. Participants were assigned to groups based on a “minimal” groups paradigm (Study 1) or their self-reported political positions (Study 2) and played an incentivized economic game with other players. In this game, participants (Responders) responded to other players (Deciders). In the Punishment condition, participants could decrease the Decider’s bonus pay. In the Partner Rejection condition, participants could reject future interactions with the Decider. Participants played once with an ingroup member and once with an outgroup member. To control for the effects of intent and outcome, scenarios also differed based on the Decider’s Intent (selfish versus fair) and the Outcome (equal versus unequal distribution of resources). Participants punished outgroup members more than ingroup members, however group membership did not influence decisions to reject partners. These results highlight partner rejection as a boundary condition for the impact of group on responses to transgressions.
Mục tiêu của nghiên cứu này nhằm xem xét sự tác động của tính vị chủng tiêu dùng và giá trị cảm nhận đến lòng trung thành thương hiệu của người tiêu dùng đối với các chuỗi cửa hàng cà phê nội địa tại thành phố Hồ Chí Minh. Nghiên cứu được thực hiện qua các giai đoạn: (i) Nghiên cứu định tính bằng phỏng vấn sâu và thảo luận nhóm; (ii) Nghiên cứu diệp hẹp với 285 bảng phỏng vấn hợp lệ; (iii) Nghiên cứu chính thức với 1000 bảng phỏng vấn hợp lệ, sử dụng thang đo Likert với năm điểm biến thiên từ “Rất không đồng ý” đến “Rất đồng ý” và dữ liệu thu thập được xử lý bằng phần mềm Smart PLS 3.0 với kỹ thuật PLS-SEM. Kết quả nghiên cứu đã khám phá và kiểm định sự tác động của tính vị chủng tiêu dùng và giá trị cảm nhận đến lòng trung thành thương hiệu của người tiêu dùng đối với các chuỗi cửa hàng cà phê nội địa tại TPHCM, từ đó đề xuất một số hàm ý quản trị nhằm gia tăng lòng trung thành thương hiệu cho chuỗi cửa hàng cà phê nội địa tại thị trường này.
The diversity literature has yet to examine relationships between workforce diversity and organizational performance at multiple levels of analysis. The aim of this paper is to investigate a multilevel model of workforce diversity and organizational performance. In doing so, the authors investigate the cross-level effect of relational demography and the direct effect of organizational diversity on organizational performance. In addition, this study examines a cross-level interaction on the relationship between relational demography and organizational diversity climate which interact to predict organizational performance. We tested our hypotheses by conducting a multi-level study with 549 employees working in 74 industries in Ethiopia. The hierarchical linear modelling results showed that the positive link between relational demography and organizational performance was stronger in firms with supportive diversity climate. This implies that organizational diversity climate at the organizational level moderates the relationship between relational demography at the individual level and organizational performance at the organizational level.
Racism, animosity and ethnocentrism have been a topic of interest and sensitive issues. The purpose of this study is to explore and provide a better understanding of the impact of consumer racism, consumer ethnocentrism and consumer animosity among races in Malaysia on product judgment and purchase intention. By using the quantitative method, a survey has been conducted via online survey. A total of 220 Malaysian respondents were received. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the data and the hypotheses were tested using multiple regression analysis and pearson correlation analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Science (SPSS) software version 25. The findings showed consistency with previous research. All hypotheses were supported, thus indicating interesting findings. Findings indicate that consumer racism is significantly related to product judgment and purchase intention. Additionally, the findings also suggested that consumer ethnocentrism and consumer animosity significantly affect product judgment and purchase intention. The contribution of this study is it gives a deeper point of view of consumer racism, ethnocentrism and animosity in the context of Malaysian consumers in which marketers can prioritize the particular aspect in regard to meeting the consumers’ demand and need. However, further research also needs to be done in order to expand the study. As time moves forward, the findings might be relevant now but not in the future. Future research can conduct the study in a smaller population as well as correlate between demographics of consumers with the purchase intention. Keywords: Consumer racism; consumer ethnocentrism; consumer animosity; product judgement; purchase intention
Background
The Danish Health Authority recommended the implementation of new types of emergency departments. Organizational changes in the hospital sector challenged the role, identity, and autonomy of medical specialists. They tend to identify with their specialty, which can challenge successful implementation of change. However, investigations on specialty identity are rare in implementation science, and how the co-existence of different specialty identities influences the implementation of new emergency departments needs to be explored for the development of tailored implementation strategies. The aim of this study was to examine how medical specialty identity influences collaboration between physicians when implementing a new emergency department in Denmark.
Methods
Qualitative methods in the form of participants’ observations at 13 oilcloth sessions (a micro-simulation method) were conducted followed up by 53 individual semi-structured interviews with participants from the oilcloth sessions. Data were analysed deductively inspired by Social Identity Theory.
Results
The analysis yielded three overarching themes: (1) ongoing creation and re-creation of specialty identity through boundary drawing; (2) social categorization and power relations; and (3) the patient as a boundary object.
Conclusions
Specialty identity is an important determinant of collaboration among physicians when implementing a new emergency department. Specialty identity involves social categorization, which entails ongoing creation and re-creation of boundary drawing and exercising of power among the physicians. In some situations, the patient became a positive boundary object, increasing the possibility for a successful collaboration and supporting successful implementation, but direct expressions of boundaries and mistrust were evident. Both were manifested through a dominating power expressed through social categorization in the form of in- and out-groups and in an “us and them” discourse, which created distance and separation among physicians from different specialties. This distancing and separation became a barrier to the implementation of the new emergency department.
Rekabetçi ortamın iyiden iyi hissedildiği günümüz dünyasında, örgütler çalışanların iyiliğini düşünmekte ve onları yaşamsal bir değer olarak görmektedirler. Çünkü çalışanlar örgütlerinden gördükleri destek neticesinde, daha yüksek performanslar sergilemekte, daha fazla olumlu katkı vermekte ve daha az olumsuzluk yaratmaktadırlar. Aynı zamanda, her ne koşul olursa olsun, örgütlerinin kendilerini desteklediğini bilen çalışanlar, bu zorluklara karşı sebat göstererek direnmekte ve örgüt yararına çaba göstermeye devam etmektedirler. Dolayısıyla, örgütsel desteğin sağlanması, çalışanların azim duygularının harekete geçmesine; bu sayede çalışanların daha tatmin olarak performans sergilemelerine ve mevcut işlerinden ayrılmayı daha az düşünmelerine olanak tanımaktadır. Tüm bu etmenler nezdinde, azim olgusunun, aslında örgütsel davranış alanında önemli bir yeri olduğu söylenebilmektedir. Fakat, azim olgusunu, iş yaşamı ve özellikle örgütsel davranış alanında inceleyen çok az çalışma bulunmaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, algılanan örgütsel desteğin, örgütsel çıktılar üzerindeki etkisinde azmin aracı rolünü incelemektedir.
Analiz sonuçlarına göre, algılanan örgütsel destek, iş tatminini anlamlı ve olumlu şekilde etkilemekte; iş tatmini, iş performansını anlamlı ve olumlu şekilde, işten ayrılma niyetini ise anlamlı ve negatif şekilde etkilemektedir. Azim, algılanan örgütsel destek ile iş tatmini arasında kısmi aracı rolüne sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Araştırma sonuçları, ilgili literatür bağlamında değerlendirilmiş, uygulayıcı ve araştırmacılar için önerilerde bulunulmuştur.
In today's world where the competitive environment is felt thoroughly, organizations consider the well-being of their employees and see them as a vital value. Because, as a result of the support they receive from their organizations, employees exhibit higher performances, make more positive contributions and create less negativity. At the same time, employees who know that their organizations support them no matter what the circumstances, persevere against these challenges and continue to strive for the benefit of the organization. Therefore, providing organizational support helps the employees' sense of determination to take action; in this way, it allows employees to perform more satisfactorily and to think less about leaving their current organizations. In view of all these factors, it can be said that the phenomenon of grit actually has an important place in the field of organizational behavior. However, there are very few studies examining the phenomenon of grit in the field of work life and especially organizational behavior. The aim of this study is to examine the mediating role of grit in the effect of perceived organizational support on organizational outcomes.
According to the results of the analysis, perceived organizational support affects job satisfaction significantly and positively; job satisfaction affects job performance significantly and positively, and turnover intention significantly and negatively. It has been determined that grit has a mediator role between perceived organizational support and job satisfaction. The results of the research were evaluated in the context of the existing literature and suggestions were made for practitioners and researchers.
Purpose
As a result, the current study attempted to investigate the impact of green human resource (GHR) practices on long-term performance, and the path has been explained through organizational identification, which is supported by social identity theory.
Design/methodology/approach
To achieve the present study's primary goal, data were obtained from manufacturing businesses and analyzed using partial least square (Smart PLS) on the data of 284 Pakistani small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) registered with the small and medium-sized enterprises development authority (SMEDA).
Findings
As a result, the findings show that organizational identification explains the indirect relationship between sustainable performance and green human resource management (GHRM).
Practical implications
To limit the limited negative effect on the environment and society, the findings provide several suggestions for the government authorities and policymakers to adopt green practices and policies.
Originality/value
Green practices are essential for a company to limit its negative environmental effect. Environmental critical problems among shareholders put pressure on the firm to implement GHR practices and organizational identification with long-term success
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.