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Intellectual property rights: A challenge for Indonesian trademark law
Abstract
It is a need of international community to have a standard international law in the field of Intellectual Property Rights. It is therefore the contracting parties of TRIPs Agreement must comply with the provisions of TRIPs Agreement which create the way of the standard legal protection of Intellectual Property Rights among the member countries. The Madrid protocol offers a trademark owner the possibility to have his trademark protected in several countries by simply filing one application directly with his own national or regional trademark office. An international trademark so registered is equivalent to an application or a registration of the same trademark effected directly in each of the countries designated by the applicant. The protection provided by an international registration is the same as that of a national registration issued by a designated country. The centralized nature of the international filing system can provide considerable benefits in convenience and cost over the filing of separate national applications. So far the Indonesian Law No. 15 of 2001 on Trademark provides no provisions for international registration of a trademark. It means that the Law No. 15 of 2001 is of less interest for the trademark owners. It is therefore necessary for Indonesia to amend the Law No. 15 of 2001 in view of the content of the Madrid Protocol relating to international registration of trademark, so that the harmonization of Indonesian trademark law with the Madrid protocol will benefit not only the trademark owners but also the government of Indonesia.
... It can be implemented across curricula through existing subjects or as co-curriculum activities and the way they are delivered is independent and based on teachers' creativity. The approach being implemented across curricula can also be considered as a way to train student to gain knowledge indirectly, through positive communication between teacher and students which according to Khairil et al. (2017Khairil et al. ( , 2018 communication strategy is very vital in order to achieve peace and justice which is an agenda of Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) (Syafrinaldi et al., 2016;Shomary et al., 2016;Rushy et al., 2016) and also an important element in GCE. Thus, the effective communication strategy which is across curricula can be a method in educating and training the young generations towards peace and justice. ...
Global Citizenship (GC) is still a new concept in Malaysian education scenario, and existing research shows that a critical approach to teaching and learning about global issues is largely absent within Malaysian school settings. Thus, the purpose of this study is to explore the GC elements, embedded in the Malaysian education curriculum within the UNESCO framework. This paper will discuss the result of document analysis done on Malaysian primary school core subjects, which used critical discourse analysis to analyze the relevant parts of the curriculum within the core subjects. The analysis revealed that GC is taught across the curriculum in Malaysia, which aims to increase students' knowledge, skills and behavior towards sustainability. GCE was presented in the curriculum as a multidisciplinary topic which follows through the values, aims and tasks of the core subjects. This study provides a clear starting point for future research of GC and its implementation and impacts in Malaysian education system, and hope to open the eyes and minds of the policy makers in Malaysia, the importance of GC which has a crucial role to play in tackling injustices and making the world a more just and sustainable place.
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