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An#Interactive#Badge#Prototype#for#Mentored#Learning#
An Interactive Badge Prototype for Mentored Learning
Gregory Daigle
Executive Director
Digital Watershed
From June 2011 until October 2013, the Minnesota-based non-profit Digital Watershed and The Ohio
State University were engaged in the development of a prototype badge system and web site design
as part of the Badges for Lifelong Learning Competition. The integration of the badge system and
Word Press web site are described in this paper. The system was unique in several ways. Visitors to
the web site were encouraged to earn badge segments by selecting from a playlist of challenges, and
their badge was published as an interactive app.
Badges are not static graphics, but are interactive apps, displaying project titles, descriptions and
imagery from each of four different creative projects developed by badge earners. Badges link to the
four projects and back to the original challenges in the web site. The first generation badge had a
dozen segments in what became known as a “pie” badge.
The data for the badges are generated by the Word Press web site through plugins such as
BuddyPress and Gravity Forms, and writes the data to a Learning Record Store (LRS) through the
Grassblade plugin that allows Word Press to talk to the LRS as part of the Tin Can standard for e-
learning content on mobile devices.
Finally, a walk-through with imagery from the web site is presented as a step-by step view of what is
seen by badge earners and by the mentors who evaluate user projects online and grant badge
segments. How the badges are published as apps through a “badge master” program that updates
badges through a cloud-based software as a service (SaaS) tool is described.
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Overview
Executive Summary
From February 2012 through October 2013, The Ohio State University and Digital Watershed
developed a prototype known as the Earthworks Rising Badge System. The Earthworks Rising
Badge System is a gateway to meaningful, engaged learning and mentoring experiences that
empower young people and learners of all ages to cultivate a broader understanding of the
importance and cultural value of the Earthworks of North America. The vision, voices and
multiple perspectives of Native American culture have directed and guided the content
developed for this interactive initiative.
The Competition
The badge system was created for the Badges for Lifelong Learning Competition, the third
Digital Media & Learning Competition . In collaboration with President Obama’s Educate to
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Innovate and the NSF’s National Lab Day , it “challenged designers, inventors, entrepreneurs,
2 3
and researchers to create learning labs for the 21st century, digital environments that promote
building and tinkering in new ways.” The competition was administered by HASTAC
(Humanities, Arts, Science, and Technology Alliance and Collaboratory), co-founded in 2002 by
Cathy N. Davidson, then Vice Provost for Interdisciplinary Studies at Duke University and David
Theo Goldberg, Director of the University of California Humanities Research Institute (UCHRI).
4
The Team
Digital Watershed :
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Greg Daigle (PI)
Leslie Kratz (Executive Producer and Creative Director)
Gary Leatherman (Executive Producer and Creative Director)
Stephen Reuff (Project Manager and Facilitator)
Tim Desley (Art Director)
Ruth Voights (Native American Advisor)
Peter Fleck (Senior Programmer)
Toby Cryns (Programmer)
The Ohio State University :
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Christine Ballengee Morris (Research Principal Investigator and Senior Native American
Advisor)
Michelle Aubrecht (Project Manager & General Project Review)
Dacia Jackson (Instructional designer)
Seann Dikkers (Learning Taxonomy)
Native American Advisory Group:
Christine Ballengee Morris
Ruth Voights
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Sonya Atalay
Marti Chaatsmith
Chadwick Allen
Chief Glenna#
The Sponsors
The Digital Media and Learning Competition is supported by grants from the John D. and
Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation to the
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University of California, in collaboration with Duke University and the Mozilla Foundation. The
University of California Humanities Research Institute and Duke University's John Hope Franklin
Humanities Institute are the principal administrating bodies for this grant on behalf of HASTAC.
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The Earthworks Rising Web site
Badge Earners participating in the Earthworks Rising Badge System begin at the Earthworks
Rising web site , which has as its content focus the Newark Earthworks of Ohio. The content is
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appropriate for 11 year olds and up, though the team targeted badge earners 13 – 15 years old
to be in compliance with COPPA regulations, since logging in with an email address is a
requirement for registration.
The information available in the web site is presented through four terms selected by our Native
American Council advisory group: Connections, Awe, Sovereignty and Earth (CASE) — all
elements tied to the Native American medicine wheel.
After exploring the web site for background information, explorations and challenges, earners
begin by identifying one challenge they wish to make into a project. The Earthworks Rising web
site and badge system provide digital tools to encourage badge earners to:
1) Explore ideas through multiple cultural perspectives
2) Create both digital and hands-on projects to share with other people
3) Reflect on learning experiences about the Newark Earthworks
Projects may presented through various media types, including community organizing, oral and
written storytelling, artistic expression (producing sculpture, music or dance, etc.), making a
presentation, or other creative outlets that can be documented digitally.
Prospective badge earners submit a link to their creative project, which is then reviewed by a
panel of mentors — some or all of which are Native American. Mentors evaluate the project
and, if approved, a portion of the badge is awarded.
Content
The web content is organized into four prominent examples of earthworks at the main men: The
Serpent Mound, The Alligator Mound, The Octagon Mound, and The Circle Mound. Each of
those mounds are associated with organizing values determined by our Native American
Council. Each of these elements are tied to one of the mounds as well as a distinct animal
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symbol and color: Connections (symbol: bear, color: white), Awe (symbol: eagle, color: yellow),
Sovereignty (symbol: bison, color: red), Earth (symbol: wolf, color: black). Each of those colors
and symbols are represented by quadrants on the badge.
Cards
Web pages containing information related to exploring topics or earning badge challenges is
offered in the form of “cards” which display as pages on the site (see Fig. 1). There are two
types of cards containing content for the web site: Challenges and Explores. All Explore cards
give background information and further links for exploring aspects of the mounds builders and
connections to Native American culture. All Challenge cards represent activities that badge
earners can turn into projects. At the bottom of each Challenge card is a link to a form allowing
them to submit their project for review by mentors. Each project submitted, evaluated by
mentors, and awarded become a segment of their Badge.
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Fig. 1. Explore and Challenge card links. Challenge cards are the basis for user projects.!
Badge Credentialing
Earthworks Rising Badge System
The focus of the prototype web site, EarthworksRising, was developed for exploring the Native
American earthworks of North America, and mediating the granting of badges through the Word
Press site. The badge system was developed as a prototype for self-selection of challenges
from playlists, web-generated forms from which projects can be entered and judged by teams of
mentors, and publication of interactive badges with “segments” (or “strands”) that can be
updated after their initial publication. Badges are therefore aggregate badges conveying the
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knowledge of mentors as elders, and accessed through the Mozilla Open Badge
Infrastructure .
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The badge system also employs the next generation of SCORM , known as Tin Can , or xAPI,
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to update the badge content dynamically. With the flexibility of Tin Can, projects may be
submitted and awarded in any order.
Prior to initiating this project there was no existing web site, although some interactive games
were being developed. This gave the team the freedom to originate all of its visual content and
writing anew and to tie that graphic presentation of the web site into the design of the badge
system. The function of the badge system along with content design and pedagogy of the
Earthworks Rising web site was developed concurrently.
Badges are dynamic
Badges are not pieces of art, they are apps and are embeddable within web sites, Facebook or
shareable as a URL. The badges are interactive, allowing viewers to click around to see the
awarded segments of the badge, explore evidentiary links to the URL of each project’s home,
link to the URL of the originating challenge from the web site, etc. There are also informational
activity areas that display how to use the badge and what the graphical elements mean to native
cultures. Within each segment you can also scroll through a description of each project
submitted by the earner, and zoom in on imagery provided by the earner.
Even though the badges are published apps, they can be updated dynamically through the
actions of the Badge Master without having to republish the app each time. As badge earners
earn each badge segment by developing and submitting creative projects, the display of the
badge will change to represent the accumulation of awarded segment.
Writing to the LRS employed by Tin Can, the next generation of SCORM, allows the Badge
Master to input long strings of information representing URLs, the title and description of a
project, and the object ID of imagery uploaded to the cloud-based authoring system used to
publish the badge. The current generation of badge is Flash-based but can be published as
native apps for iOS or Android. The next iteration will be HTML5-based.
As with the web site, badges have four quadrants (Connections, Awe, Sovereignty and Awe) to
match the CASE elements. The badge is a living document that expands with each badge
segment earned. Badges were first referred to as a “pie badge,” not so much because of the
circular shape of the badge itself, but because each segment represents a “slice” of the full
badge.
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Badges are Artifacts
Students must actually create something themselves, not just be participants or take a quiz.
Awarding of badges is based upon rubrics established by the Native American Council and
given to mentors as a set of guidelines to follow when awarding badges, or encouraging
potential recipients to make changes to do better.
Badge Playlists
The Challenge cards make up the playlists from which badge earners may select and create
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projects. See Fig. 2 for a sample challenge card page, description, project guidelines and other
associated cards beneath it.
Playlists are a curated group of resources stitched around a common theme that are recognized
as achievements. The EarthworksRising web site allows earners to customize which of the
experiences (XPs) are employed to compose their badge projects.
This first prototype badge is linked to one playlist, but in future iterations the badge might be
linked to different playlists across other topics related to Native American issues. Projects based
upon Challenge cards may be mixed, completed in any order preferred by the earner, and are
designed to motivate users to create experiences for themselves, their families and their
communities.
Project Reviews
Submitted projects will be reviewed through Native American council mentors and through
crowd-sourcing. Projects are saved and uploaded in digital format by the earner to their
personal blog or web site where they can post written work, video, sound, artwork, data
visualization, remix, etc. Projects reviewed by mentors and found to meet the guidelines
established within each challenge card are granted as strands of the badge.
Interactive badge system design
Badges are displays of the digital creative offerings created by earners in various digital formats.
The badge acts as a router to view the playlist of challenges chosen by earners and submitted
as projects. One segment of the badge (also referred to in our final report as “strands”) is
allowed per each of the four CASE elements. In the original design of the badge there were
three segments per CASE element for a total of twelve (12) “strands”. All earned segments are
associated with an animal icon and color representing the CASE element. #
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Fig. 2. Sample challenge page from which a project is submitted by a badge earner.
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Badge Awarding
One goal of this prototype was to establish a mentor council to review and provide feedback via
an onsite mentor blog available to all mentors. The council would consist of one Native
American member and two crowd-sourced peer members. How the peers are selected was yet
to be determined. The mentor blog would be available to all mentors for exchanging views.
Such a blog would allow mentors to share feedback on project designs.
Prototype Assessors
The prototype badge had current team members from Digital Watershed and The Ohio State
University acting as stand-in mentors, but were the prototype to go forward to full development,
the sets of rubrics developed by the Native Council for awarding badges would be employed to
guide mentors and crowd-sourced peer assessors. Once norms are established for awarding
badges the use of peer assessors might be increased for those experts and recipients deems to
be of superior ability. It is thought that the crowd-sourcing aspect of assessment would mature
with the project.
Prototype Functionality
The prototype was also developed to see how fully we could automate a badge system with the
content of the web site created in Word Press using only available Word Press plugins. Word
Press allowed us to add several plugins to increase the functionality of the site and automate
the sending of emails to earners, mentors, and write content to a Learning Record Store, the
data storage for Tin Can (xAPI).
Summary
The EarthworkRising Badge System was designed to put learners in the drivers seat in creating
custom badges highlighting their creative capabilities. Remix and reorder according to your
interests and passions. Co-designing the badge with input from youth and determining the
value of badges were critical during the Badges for Lifelong Learning Competition. From it
came a prototype designed to be a flexible and pliable model of learning across a broad range
of creative experiences.
User Experience
Logging in to the web site
New visitors to the web site are asked to create an account by submitting their email address
and creating a password. For the purpose of the prototype the creation of new accounts from
the public is currently turned off. However, anyone can view the existing content of the web site
by going to the Mounds Matter web site.
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Each registrant is considered to be a potential badge earner, so a badge number is
automatically assigned to them upon registration. That badge number will follow them through
their experiences on the web site.
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Fig. 3. Project submission form filled out by badge earner.
The badge process begins with the user reviewing the cards presented on the web site and
selecting one of the Challenge cards as the basis for their creative project. Badge earners are
given guidelines and suggestions on the card, but the badge earners are also encouraged to
employ their own advocacies and interests to make the project their own. Projects are stored by
the earner on the URL of their choice as long as the URL can be visited by mentors in order to
evaluate their submission.
Clicking on the “Submit My Project” link in the Challenge card takes the user to a submission
form (see Fig. 3) on the EarthworksRising web site that asks for the following information:
• Challenge Card Title (filled in automatically)
• User Login Name (filled in automatically)
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• My Project Name
• URL Link to Project
• Project Description
• Image Upload
• What was the most rewarding thing you discovered doing this project?
• What was the most challenging thing you encountered doing this project?
After the user clicks a Submit button at the bottom of the form the project has been submitted.
At that moment, mentors receive an automated email notification that a project has been
submitted. Once the project has been submitted by the badge earner, a notification is
automatically sent by the system to all mentors (unless the registrant had already been
assigned a mentor). The email contains all of the information submitted by the badge earner, as
well as additional information associated with that earner’s registration information.
The notification includes all of the information submitted by the user, along with the Card ID
specific to that card. In the below case the card with the ID AWECHA05 has been employed.
See Fig. 4.
Should the project be approved, the challenge card identification code (e.g. AWECHA05) will be
used to identify the specific card in the badge that it is an AWE quadrant project and that it is a
Challenge card, allowing the possibility that in the future Explore cards may also be used to
submit a project. The number 05 is within the range 01 to 99, giving the web site content
creators the opportunity to create up to 99 AWE Challenge cards.
Mentor Experience within the Badge System
Mentors may access information on the project by going to the section of the web site dedicated
to mentors and which lists all of the submitted projects. Clicking on the link at the top of the
page brings up a page for the mentor to begin their review of the project. See Fig. 5.
In this example on the left of the automatically generated submission page presented to the
mentor in the web site, they are presented with the quadrant (AWE) and information provided
from the learner, including:
• Project title
• Originating challenge card
• Submitter
• Submitter email
• Link to Project
• Most Rewarding thing:
• Most Challenging thing:
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• Description !
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#Fig. 4. Automated email sent to mentors after project submission.
At the bottom of the page the Learning Objectives for that quadrant are restated for the mentor.
These objectives were derived from the rubrics for learning developed by the Native American
advisors for the project. The rubrics are only specific to the quadrant, not the particular
Challenge, so some latitude is given the mentors to interpret the learning objectives as they
might be applied to this specific challenge and to the project outlined in the learner’s description.
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If clarification about the project is required by the mentor, they may choose to email the badge
earner directly. They may also choose to post a comment to the mentor blog and get feedback
from other mentors who may have experience with similar projects or who may be able to add
their own experiences in interpreting the rubrics across several types of creative projects.
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#Fig. 5. Submission form as viewed by mentor.
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After their full consideration the mentor is then tasked with checking off at least 4 of 6 aspects of
the project that were fulfilled. Once 4 or more are checked off, an extension to the page
appears:
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#Fig. 6. Expanded mentor form after 4 criteria are met.
The extension includes the Badge Number for the learner (as mentioned previously, badge
numbers follow each learner, and only one badge number is allowed per learner for each badge
type), the Badge Segment ID (this ID is used in the coding of the badge), the learner’s
username, and link to the challenge card upon which the project was based.
The reply field can be used to post a comment to the learner describing how they might alter
their project to achieve approval, or how their project might better align with the stated Learning
Objectives.
Submitting the form will automatically move the project to the Approved Projects category and it
will appear in the list of All Projects on the web site.
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Word Press Architecture
The automated mailing of notifications, the ability to present forms to badge earners and
mentors, and the storing and recall of registration and badge information through the web site is
due to the flexibility of Word Press and its range of plug-ins to customize its capabilities. See
Fig. 7.
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#Fig. 7. Dashboard view of Word Press Card pages.
The software architects of the site employed some key plug-ins to achieve those capabilities.
These include:
BuddyPress
Creating custom front pages for community members by adding a template that may include
member profiles, activity streams, user groups, messaging, and more.
bbPress
For managing forum users and subscriptions
Gravity Forms
Creating web forms and manage form entries within the WordPress admin.
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Gravity Forms + Custom Post Types
Allows the creation of dynamic pages in php for the creation of our cards,project pages,
project approved pages, activity icons (for badge CASE sectors), case animals (representing
CASE categories) and pages for specific content.
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#Fig. 8. Dashboard Appearance view of home-page php script.
GrassBlade - xAPI Companion
Launches the Experience API (Tin Can) from a Word Press site and the ability to write
Statement APIs to a Learning Record Store (LRS - we used WaxLRS).
GrassBlade Gravity Forms to State Plugin
Allows access to the Tin Can State API for sending and receiving unstructured text.
Shortcodes Ultimate
Allows short code for generating consistent URLs.
Simple Page Sidebars
Employed for custom sidebars to content pages
The home, project and content pages were made possible by the above php scripts. See Fig. 8.
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Use of Tin Can in the Badge
Badge Data
The badge is a published app, not a static piece of art. It is published once and as each new
project is approved by mentors a segment of the badge is added by an administrative account
(the badge master). Because the badge is built in ZebraZapps, a software as a service (SaaS)
tool located in the cloud, each update of the badge by the administrator automatically and
immediately updates the badge of the user whether the badge is located on a private web site,
on Facebook or as a separate URL.
When a badge is created by the badge master it is given placeholder values written to the LRS
for each of the badge segments. Upon publishing the following elements will have been written
to the LRS using the State API:
•Badge ID and number (e.g. EWr00040) is sent as the Activity name.
•Short URL is used as the Activity ID.
•API endpoint
•Basic LRS Identification Credentials (Identifier and Password)
•Earner name is stored as the Actor-name
•Earner email is stored as the Actor-mbox
Although most users of Tin Can may be familiar with the Statement API, that feature is too
formatted to provide the flexibility we required for communicating content to our badges. The
State API is a part of the 1.0 standard for Tin Can and gives almost unlimited flexibility.
As each badge segment is earned, the badge will be appended with additional information. The
badge segment-specific information includes:
•Card ID, which is CASE element appended with CH for “challenge” and Card # (e.g.
AWECH06)
•Short URL of the project site’s URL
•Badge segment ID (e.g., A01 or E01, etc.) is saved as the State API key. The four-segment
badge has only one segment per CASE (Connections, Awe, Sovereignty, Earth) element (e.g.,
EAR01), where the twelve-segment badge had 3 segments per CASE element (e.g., EAR01,
EAR02, EAR03 for the Earth segments).
•A long character string representing the project title and the description of the project. The
string is saved as separate “State value” associated with the “State keys” A01, E01, S01, etc..
•ObjectID, which is a ZebraZapps-specific system ID of the image uploaded by the earner.
Once an object’s ID is in the system, it may be accessed by any other app in the system.
All of the above elements may be written automatically to the LRS by the Grassblade plugin,
with the exception of the Object ID since it is part of the ZebraZapps system. The Object ID is
unique to the ZebraZapps system, so the image must first be added manually to the badge
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master’s Badge Admin project where the Object ID can be extracted. In future versions we
expect that the badge master will be able to call up the web site and insert that information so
that all of it may be written to the LRS automatically.
We also chose to manually code the short URLs in this version of the prototype using the goo.gl
short code generator. We did experiment with a short code plug-in to generate such short URLs
automatically but it was saved for the next iteration of the prototype. Short codes are employed
because the badges parse the data saved in the LRS as a single character string. Therefore
having all URLs represented with the exact same number of characters was important to
parsing the data correctly.
Parsing the Data in the Badge
The project title and description are the last elements of the long character string because their
length is indeterminate, unlike the preceding data. When the badge reads the data live from the
LRS, it might receive something like this:
State Key:
E01
State Value:
EARCHA03 http://goo.gl/3uFrQW b857761dd46e4f668d006d6399f93dbb Creating a
Map of the Sky
I am interested in the phases of the moon and predicting its position, but I am also
interested in the constellations that ancient Indigenous Peoples made of the stars
and the stories behind them. I wanted to see if I could compare Western
constellations with some from Lakota and Navajo native populations in North
America. My solution was to create an interactive app that allows users to explore
the stars and constellations of both Western and Native American cultures.
The badge parses the data stored in the E01 state value string in this manner:
•First 8 characters represent the Card ID, followed by a space
•Next 20 characters are the short URL for the project site URL, followed by a space
•Next 32 characters are the Object ID of the image attached by the badge earner, followed by a
space
•Any remaining characters are the project title, return, return, description of the project.
All of the parsing of data is done in the first few seconds after the badge loads.
Badge Interface
Upon launching, you get a message to wait a moment while it gathers badge segments. The
amount of time to collect and verify the data depends upon the connection speed to the Internet.
When completed, the badge message “CLICK MEDICINE WHEEL TO BEGIN” appears. After
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clicking an animation sequence displays the badge segments and an informational button to
learn more about this badge. See Fig. 9.
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Fig. 9. Initial display of the badge (left) and segment selector (right).
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Fig. 10. Bottom segment that is colorized in blue is the currently active segment. A scrollable
description of project and a key image are included (left). The image expanded by clicking on the
magnifying glass (right).
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Clicking on any of the four segments turns the active segment blue, displays the associated
animal icon for that CASE element in the upper left, reduces the size of the medicine wheel and
moves it near the top, and displays the informational sections of the badge segment.
Each segment contains two links (see Fig. 10 above), “Link to MY PROJECT” links to wherever
the project is located on the Internet. “Link to THE CHALLENGE” links to the original Challenge
page on the EarthworksRising web site. It was felt by the team that in order to appreciate the
projects anyone viewing the badge should understand the challenges placed in front of the
earners. The project description is scrollable by the viewer, and the image included by the
earner is also displayed. On the right the image is shown when zoomed in by the viewer.
There is an informational button with two different modes in the badge that explains the
interface as well as the relevance of the badge design. The “How the EARTHWORKS Rising
Badge Works” information is elicited by clicking the information button whenever a segment is
displayed. The “About the EARTHWORKS Rising Badge” information is elicited by clicking the
information button after the animal icon in the upper left has been clicked upon. See Fig. 11.
!
Fig. 11. Explaining interface elements (left). Meaning of the badge elements (right).
The original 12-segment badge had a similar layout, see Fig. 12. Upon testing with users in the
14-16 year age range we found that one desire of the earners was to collect as many badges as
possible. Employing a single 12-segment badge that showcased up to a dozen separate project
efforts actually ran counter to the desire to collect as many visually different badges as possible.
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!
Fig. 12. The original 12-segment badge
The four-segment badge was developed after the end of the competition to reduce the number
of projects per badge. Other possible ways to organize the badge would be to have four
different badges, one for each of the CASE elements, or to have a series of badges offered to
earner on different topics or aspects of the CASE element.
OBI: Open Badges Infrastructure
The OBI integration does not currently allow for the JSON code of the badge to be included in
the Open Badges Backpack. Instead of the evidentiary link going to a URL where the evidence
of completion is normally located, it instead takes users to the Earthworks Rising badge.
Currently published apps cannot play through browsers on mobile devices, but conversion to a
file format that will play is expected in late 2016. Integrating the app’s JSON blob with the OBI
standard is still under investigation.
As of this publication date the requirements for “baking” a badge may have changed somewhat,
but it was always our intention to bake the badges manually until such time as the backpack
would be compatible with JSON code. Currently the ZebraZapps version of the badge is not
compatible with the backpack of the OBI, so both a ZebraZapps badge and an OBI badge are
generated for the earner.
The URL for the web site is:
http://www.moundsmatter.com/
The web site is currently a demo site and we have redacted the code for new signups.
The URL for a sample ZebraZapps badge (currently requires Flash plugin) is:
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https://www.zebrazapps.com/e/1db032708120494f916c931b228dfb5f
In the badge you will be able to click on each of the CASE elements representing segments of
the badge. In the prototype of the web site only the Awe and Earth rubrics, Challenge cards and
Explore cards were created. In the sample badge the Awe (yellow-eagle) and Earth(black-wolf)
segments connect to existing Challenge cards and a placeholder project URL. The
Connections (white-bear) segment is active but is represented by a test project taking you back
to the home page of the Mounds Matter web site. The Sovereignty (red-bison) segment
employs an existing Challenge, though it is an Awe Challenge card since the Sovereignty cards
have yet to be developed.
Currently the badge is published in Flash. By early 2017 an HTML5 player will be added so that
the badge can be played in any browser, laptop, desktop or mobile devices. The badge
currently can be published as a native app for either iOS or Android platforms, but since that
makes sharing of the badge more difficult, it was not included in the prototype."
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Appendix A - Badge information flow
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#Fig. 13. Information flow between Word Press, LRS and Badge"
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Appendix B - Sample Web site Images
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#Fig. 14. Opening page of Earthworks Rising with Serpent Mound rollover highlight."
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#Fig. 15. Opening page of Earthworks Rising with Awe icon rollover highlight."
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Fig. 16. Earth Challenge card with Submit button and links to other cards below.
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#Fig. 17. Awe Challenge card with Submit button and links to other cards below.
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#Fig. 18. Earner’s Awe Project linked to through the All Projects listing."
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#Fig. 19. Directory of all members. Listing of Friends as well as Forums and other Groups.
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Fig. 20. Links to all projects identified by color as to CASE element, type of data (e.g. photos,
story, illustration, animation, etc.
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Fig. 21. Member page with projects completed, projects in progress, activity, profile, notifications,
messages, friends, groups, forums and settings."
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References
Digital Media & Learning Competition. HASTAC Digital Media + Learning Competition. https://
1
www.hastac.org/competition/digital-media-learning-competition-3
Educate to Innovate. https://www.whitehouse.gov/issues/education/k-12/educate-innovate
2
National Lab Day. National Science Foundation, https://www.nsf.gov/news/special_reports/natlabday/
3
University of California Human Research Institute. University of California, Irvine, https://uchri.org
4
Digital Watershed. http://www.digitalwatershed.org
5
American Indian Studies. The Ohio State University, https://americanindianstudies.osu.edu
6
MacArthur Foundation. https://www.macfound.org/press/press-releases/badges-lifelong-learning-
7
competition-winners-announced/
Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation. http://www.gatesfoundation.org
8
John Hope Franklin Humanities Institute at Duke University. http://www.fhi.duke.edu
9
EarthworksRising web site. http://www.moundsmatter.org\
10
Open Badges Infrastructure. Mozilla Open Badges, http://openbadges.org
11
“SCORM Explained”. http://scorm.com/scorm-explained/
12
Tin Can API. https://tincanapi.com
13
“Playlists and Digital Badges”. LRNG, http://about.lrng.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/03/
14
LRNG_Products-1.pdf
All Projects, Mounds Matter. http://www.moundsmatter.org/projects/
15
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