This thesis analyzes the structural conditions and the cyclical components of the brazilian agrarian issues, in the state of São Paulo, and around Ribeirão Preto region. It also approaches, in this work, one of the central elements of the national inequality, namely: the high concentration of land ownership structure and its more general social-economic repercussions. The path traversed, in this analysis, comes from the recovery of the historial patterns of the inequality of access to rural property to the more recent actions, present in the struggle for land in this region. the central points faced here goes, beyond finding the secular national land concentration, to upgrades of debate on the agrarian matters in São Paulo, most industrialized state, and with the most diversified agriculture of the country. The issue of study, brought in this thesis, becomes important when it shows an alternative to the conservative thinking, in which the agribusiness becomes the solution of agricultural problems and land in the country. The ultimate objective is to qualify the agrarian matter in Ribeirão Preto, where the agribusiness is historically consolidated, from the investigation of five rural settlements, demonstrating that besides not being surpessed, the agrarian reform can still be a valid public policy for the improvement of living conditions of workers and deal with poverty.
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