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Conservation of the Cultural Heritage: From participation to collaboration
... The literacy rate was higher of master students because mostly arranged tours from school, college and university. The results of [15] also depicted those literate respondents are involved in ecotourism activities because the demand for recreational activities and awareness for nature conservation among people is determined by education [17,18]. Present results are agreed with the finding of [19] which highlighted that most visitors are literate and visited the in-spring holidays. ...
... Results resemble the findings of [22] whose results showed that the people with moderate income visited the recreation sites from all over the country and the majority of them were privately employed. People like to visit the place with friends to enjoy the beauty of nature and holidays [17,18,20]. The results correlate with the finding of [23] who observed that people preferred to visit the places with friends as they enjoy the company of friends more than family and relatives. ...
Present research examined three selected villages landscape near Khanpur Dam, District Haripur, that's an offer to visitors the integrated knowledge of native ethos, history and environment. We first evaluated the landscape exploration and documentation of three selected villages i.e., Surraj Galli, Khoi Maira and Darra in Khanpur with a DSLR camera and Landsat 8 images, using the supervised image classification technique, by ArcGIS v10.3 during June 2019-2020. Second, we collected data from local communities and tourists by using two types of questionnaire survey and a total of 300 respondents were served over six months of period. In total 150 respondents from local communities were served questionnaire for documentation of selected communities' profile and their major flora, fauna. The sampling intensity was 2.5%. Most dominant respondents belonged to Raja, Malik and Aawan communities. Flora documentation was carried out by quadratics system taking 60 plots from study area with 0.5% sampling intensity. The tourist preferences and attitudes were surveyed involving 150 visitors. Most visitors belong to Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and prefer to visit with friends more than family and relatives especially in spring and summer holidays. The result also indicated that the declaration of a noble landscape could benefit the local people.
... Generally, the attempts to involve local residents to participate in various activities aimed at safeguarding and preserving cultural heritage have long historical roots. According to Spiridon and Sandu (2015) the role of residents in the cultural heritage safeguarding process (protection, preservation, restoration, recovery and hoarding), which suggest the notions of involvement and collaboration began in 1964 with the Venice Charter, through a group of international documents and events, as shown in the followed table. The Venice Charter Focus on the monumental works of the peoples are considered common heritage and it needs to safeguard them for the next generations in a responsible manner (ICOMOS 1964). ...
... The The source: Spiridon and Sandu (2015) modified by the Author. ...
As a result of the global interest of the cultural heritage sites lay great significance on the residents' role in safeguarding the cultural heritage. Due to this interest, the importance of safeguarding the cultural heritage sites become the most important element of the development plans. The purpose of this paper is to explore the importance of safeguarding the cultural heritage sites, the essential role of local resident and the government to safeguard their heritage and culture. Also, to review the perceptions and opinions of 40 respondents living in the investigated site, who were raised by the presence of these cultural sites, through the method of problem-centred interviews according to witzel (1982), which can summarize as: brief questionnaire, dialogue guideline, audio recording, and postscript. The results of the study highlighted the crucial need of involving and participation the local residents in safeguarding their cultural heritage. Besides, the need for greater public awareness and education in safeguarding cultural heritage, the government should involve the local residents in the planning and implementation projects which attend to safeguard the city’s cultural heritage.
... Broadly speaking, these studies show an increase in the frequency of thermal discomfort intervals represented by simultaneous high values of air temperature and humidity. In the case of the city of Ias , i, an urban heat island intensity of approximately 1 • C was observed, with peaks occurring during summer nights when this reached 2-3 • C ( Figure 5) [48][49][50]. ...
... Broadly speaking, these studies show an increase in the frequency of thermal discomfort intervals represented by simultaneous high values of air temperature and humidity. In the case of the city of Iași, an urban heat island intensity of approximately 1 °C was observed, with peaks occurring during summer nights when this reached 2-3 °C ( Figure 5) [48][49][50]. The mean air temperature values recorded on the exterior walls of the Museum in the analyzed interval were 0.8 °C (southern wall) and 1.2 °C (northern wall) higher than the mean temperature recorded (Table 3) for the same interval at the university weather station. ...
Citation: Florescu, O.; Ichim, P.; Sfîcă, L.; Kadhim-Abid, A.-L.; Sandu, I.; Nănescu, M. Risk Assessment of Artifact Degradation in a Museum, Based on Indoor Climate Monitoring-Case Study of "Poni-Cernătescu" Museum from Iasi City. Appl. Sci. 2022, 12, 3313.
... Working outside state or market influence [6], NGOs are important social agents that take on an active role in safeguarding and management of heritage [7] and contribute to the definition of heritage-related policies and strategies [8]. In a heavily professionalized and institutionalized heritage landscape in which professionals reluctantly relinquish their authority and control [9][10][11], it can be expected of civil society and heritage communities to offer an alternative view on heritage and management practices. ...
A shift from activities under the exclusive responsibility of institutions and experts to those organized and carried out by a growing number of civil society organizations and heritage communities has been seen as a means of democratizing heritage practice. This paper explores an NGO-run project of the Trešnjevka Neighborhood Museum in Zagreb, Croatia in order to expound characteristics of its participative management model, which includes other NGOs, representatives of a museum institution, and neighborhood residents. The museum’s activities published on the official website and social media platforms were thematically analyzed according to layers of cultural participation. The results show a formation of a community of interests within a place-based community whose purpose is to represent heritage values alternative to those of the mainstream institutions. The TNM can therefore be described as a territorialized cause-based project whose management is predicated on value-based participation of different stockholders, while its heritage governance approach resembles both corporatist and service-led approaches.
... In particular, many studies (e.g. Yung and Chan, 2011;Macdonald and Cheong, 2014;Choenni, 2015;Spiridon and Sandu, 2016;Jokilehto, 2017;Wong, 2018) emphasized that the local community should be involved in heritage conservation to enhance the quality of planning, to reduce the likelihood of conflict and to increase the community's ownership of its heritage (Hall and McArthur, 1998). In contrast, tokenism is only a superficial exercise whereby community participants become merely information providers; at best they get involved in consultation and not in more important and effective positions with decision-making power (Arnstein, 1969). ...
The importance of heritage for a nation’s identity
(Forster and Kayan, 2009) and cultural/
historical tourism development (Kisusi and
Masele, 2018) highlights the necessity for
proper conservation and management. The
concept of heritage management has arisen
in response to the special needs and challenges
of heritage. Heritage conservation is a reference
point to look at the past, understand the
present and plan for the future (Snyder, 2008).
Also, heritage assets represent the special
resources for tourism growth, thus ‘conservation
is a vital component of their management’
(Millar, 1989, p. 9).
Indeed, cultural heritage tourism destinations
need to learn how to maintain, develop
and utilize their distinctiveness, authenticity
and local sense of identity. It is the only way
that tourists’ activities can be culturally (and
economically) sustainable (Domšić, 2013).
... More especially, many studies (e.g. Wong, 2018;Jokilehto, 2017;Spiridon and Sandu, 2016;Choenni, 2015;Macdonald and Cheong, 2014;Yung and Chan, 2011) emphasized that the local community should be involved in heritage conservation to enhance the quality of planning, to reduce the likelihood of conflict, and to increase the community's ownership of its heritage (Hall and McArthur, 1998). In contrast, tokenism is only a superficial exercise whereby community participants become merely information providers, at best they get involved in consultation and not in more important and effective positions with decisionmaking power (Arnstein, 1969). ...
Chapter 5 analyses websites in Persian to explore tourism officials’ and authorities’ views on heritage conservation across Iran. The authors categorize emerging themes under soft and hard challenges, and provide an understanding of heritage conservation challenges for tourism development in Iran. The chapter helps to identify heritage conservation barriers that do not allow specific cities to introduce their local identity to domestic and international tourists and meet their cultural heritage tourism potential.
... The populations must be aware of the value of their houses and, above all, that restoration is possible and will not cost more than total reconstruction using modern techniques. At the same time, the technicians of the future (today's architecture and engineering students primarily) must be prepared to act with the most effective tools (Spiridon et al., 2015). Without recognizing the value of vernacular heritage within historic city centres, we cannot protect it: the replacement of ancient heritage by contemporary interventions will be unstoppable, with only the main monuments likely to resist the blows inflicted by progress and new lifestyles. ...
The essay describes an approach developed by the author in various international contexts (India, Iran and Brazil) to raise awareness in the community of the importance of documenting and preserving historic areas, comprising mainly vernacular architecture with a very high sociocultural value. Over the last two–three decades, contemporary architectural interventions have undermined the urban setting of many vernacular sites, disfiguring them with out-of-scale projects of questionable quality, transforming traditional spaces and hybridizing historic materials. This article discusses ideas that arose from several years of research and educational projects in extremely dynamic and changing environments such as those of the historic centres of various developing countries. It presents the effects of awareness-raising projects conducted collaboratively in several historic centres by professors, researchers, local authorities, professionals, young scholars and residents. The research underlined the importance of different perspectives on the documentation and representation of cultural heritage–the meaning of which depends on local culture and traditions–in identifying future developments, low-cost methodologies and working tools in the field of education for preserving and enhancing vernacular heritage. Digitization techniques, which were also shared with a less specialized public, played an essential role in establishing a methodology capable of meeting the main knowledge and understanding needs at different levels of depth. The activities conducted and experimental methods applied identified operational processes for analysing, representing and diagnosing vernacular contexts, demonstrating the potential of interdisciplinary activities, including through the use of digital tools. The involvement of the local community proved to be a crucial issue in developing a more shared and conscious approach to preserving vernacular heritage.
... direct contact with nature [2]. Later, new concepts were introduced regarding this type of housing, their architecture and the ways of implementation and valorization through participativeintegrative systems of the local community [3][4][5]. ...
This paper deals with the architectural and cultural heritage of Polish postwar individual residential architecture. One of such objects is a modernist villa from the 1960s located in Ustroń-a popular resort at the foot of the Beskid Mountains, built for General Jerzy Ziętek. The current owner has plans for potential future renovation. However, there is a lack of its accurate, systematic documentation, which would become a basis for a conservation project. Here, we demonstrate a response to this problem which results in the development of a precise inventory documentation and representation of the investigated object. Methodology presented in this paper was based on combination of novel techniques such as UAV photogrammetry and HBIM modelling and by leveraging additional information derived from common representation methods. The main idea was to create a low-cost workflow in complex conditions. The obtained model allowed for interoperability and creating a flexible set of data about the objects focused on future renovations. The results will contribute to enrichment of the state of knowledge about modernist architecture and allow for a deeper understanding of how challenging methods of data acquisition and digital representation can go cost-effective.
Lakkang Island is one of the districts that still maintains cultural and traditional values and it is located within the provincial capital. Lakkang Island is also used as a cultural tourism destination by the Makassar City government. The impact of urban development affects all areas of the city with the modern style and culture of the city. The effort to mapping the landscape model of Lakkang Island is one of the cultural landscape preservation efforts that still maintained for the purpose of cultural tourism destinations. This research aims to identify the character of the traditional settlement landscape, analyze traditional landscape forming elements, and develop a landscape model for the traditional settlements of Lakkang Island. The method used in this research is descriptive method, through literature studies, interviews, and field observations. The analysis was carried out descriptively and spatially. The landscape character of Lakkang Island shows a flat landform with landscape features that shape it. The landscape character forming elements of Lakkang Island are formed by natural landscape features and man-made landscape features. The traditional settlement landscape model of Lakkang Island is in the form of a nucleated cluster pattern with a unique spatial pattern. The center of the model is bamboo forests in the form of conservation green open spaces. The core zone consists of settlements flanked by conservation zones in the form of mangrove forests, nipa forests, and bamboo forests, surrounded by utilization zones in the form of gardens, rice fields and fishponds and protected by buffer zones in the form of Tallo River. The traditional activities of the Lakkang Island people do not leave their territory, except for the laying offerings ceremony.
The growing popularity of composite reinforcements
intended for concrete members, RC members and masonry structures has led to the rapid development of
systemic materials with varied parameters. In the case
of heritage buildings it is important that any alterations
in the original appearance do not significantly interfere
in the historical and visual aspects of the structure being strengthened. This paper focuses on composites
with PBO fibers and a mineral mortar-based matrix
(PBO-FRCM), designed for strengthening purposes,
which in their ultimate form resemble plaster in their
appearance. Consequently, unlike FRP composites,
PBO-FRCM composites do not excessively disturb the
appearance of monuments, which is highly important.
The authors present essential information about the
properties of PBO-FRCM composites, derived from
the literature on the subject, and their recent research
aimed at increasing the effectiveness of composite mobilization. The research covers the shear strengthening
of beams, the flexural strengthening of slabs and the
strengthening of members in compression.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.