Effectiveness of an optimized training using Force-velocity profile analysis

Abstract

AIM: Ballistic performances, notably jumping, are key factors in many sport activities. They are mostly determined by the maximal power (Pmax) that lower limbs can generate but also by the individual Force-velocity (F-v) mechanical profile characterizing the ratio between maximal force and maximal unloaded extension velocity capabilities. An individually optimal F-v profile has been shown to characterize the best balance between force and velocity capabilities(Samozino et al 2012, 2013). A F-v imbalance (FVimb) being associated to lower performances. The F-v profile could be sensitive to specific and optimized training in order to improve ballistic performances. So training has to aim at increasing Pmax and/or optimizing the F-v profile. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine the effects of an individual specific force-velocity profiling based-training. METHODS: Sixty-three subjects were assigned to three groups according to FVimb classification: a velocity and a force imbalance deficit groups and a control group(no consideration of FVimb). Mean push-off force, velocity and power were calculated from jump height (Samozino ́s method, 2008). From this data, actual and optimal F-v profiles were computed for each subject to quantify FVimb and organize groups accordingly. Participants underwent a 9-week specific resistance training program designed according to FVimb classification to reduce imbalances for the intervention groups versus a one-size-fits-all program with no FVimb consideration for the control group. RESULTS: A greater increase in jump performance(16.6% and 13.3% in force and velocity groups, respectively)was observed in the intervention group, with a decrease in FVimb (-38.3% and -83.2% in force and velocity groups, respectively) compared to controls. CONCLUSION: An optimized and individualized training program specifically addressing the force/velocity imbalance is more efficient in improving jumping performance than a traditional resistance training common to all subjects, regardless of their force/velocity imbalance and optimal force-velocity profile. Thus, FVimb could be considered as a potentially useful variable for prescribing optimal resistance training to improve ballistic (e.g. jumping) performance. References: Samozino Pet al (2008) J Biomech41(14): 2940-5 SamozinoPet al(2013) IJSM35(6): 505-10 Samozino P et al (2012)MSSE44(2): 313-22

Full text

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Pedro JIMÉNEZ-REYES1, Pierre SAMOZINO2, Víctor CUADRADO-PEÑAFIEL3,
Mat t BRUGHELLI4, Jean-Benoit MORIN5
1. Cathol ic Uni versity of San Antonio, UCAM, Murcia, Spain
2. Univ ersi ty of Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget du Lac, France
3. Univ ersi ty Compl utens e of Madrid, Spain
4. SPRINZ, Auckland Universi ty of Te c h no l o g y , Auckland, NEW ZEALAND
5. Univ ersi ty of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
peterjr49@hotmail.com @peterjr49
Introduction Methods Results Discussion
FORCE –VELOCITY -POWER
PERFORMANCE

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F-v Profile
SAMOZINO et al . (2008)
•Calculations of FORCE, VELOCITY & POWER during SQUA T JUMP
•Validation
•A field method
SAMOZINO et al . (2010 –2012)
•Biome chanical mo del
•Fo rc e -velocity profile
•Validation
•Existence of an OPTIMAL F-V PROFILE
SAMOZINO et al . (2 01 3) –JIMÉNEZ-REYES (2014)
Fo rc e -velocity IMBALANCE
Influence of F-v IMB on SJ performance
Existence of an indiv idual Optimal F-v profile that maxiimizes pe rf orm an c e in SJ .
F-v Profile
Theor eti cal pr oof !

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2014
FV#Imbalance and#Jumping#Performance….
Jump height = Pmax + optimal FV balance
Experimental proof !
B#is#less#powerful….bu t#better#ind ividual#FV#balance#
àbetter#performance

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AIMS:
determine the effects of an optimized training program
based on the FV imbalance of each individual
compare the effects on jump height vs.traditional
resistance training common to all individuals
Introduction Methods Results Discussion
High Force Def ic it
Low Force De fic it
Well-Bala n ce d
Low Veloc ity
Def ic it )
High Velocity
Def ic it
NON-OPTIMIZED
One -siz e-fits-all
Well-Bala n ce d
Training
No tr ain in g
Sensibility
F-v Pro file
OPTIMIZED GROUP CON TRO L G ROUP
Introduction Methods Results Discussion

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Results
EFFECTS ON F-V IMB
WB G ROUP :
= Op tima l pro file
FD GROUP :
▼F-v im ba la nc e
VD GROUP :
▼F-v im ba la nc e
NON-OPTIMIZED GROUP :
▲F-v im ba la nc e
CON TRO L GROUP :
▲F-v im ba la nc e

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Results
EFFECTS ON JUMP HEIGHT
WB G ROUP :
▲Jum p Height 6/6
FD GROUP :
▲Jum p Height 22/22
VD GROUP :
▲Jum p Height 18/18
NON-OPTIMIZED GROUP :
▲▼Jum p Height 8/18
CON TRO L GROUP :
▲▼Jum p Height 9/20
CON CLUSS IO N & PR ACTICA L AP PLI CATI ON
Individualized training program specifically
addressing the FV imbala nce is more efficient in
improving jump he ight than atraditional one-size-
fits-all program overlooking FV imbalance
S&C co aches should quantify and consider individual FV
imbalances to orient and individualize training loads and
exercises to :
•optimize FV profile
•and/or increase Pmax
•in turn, improve jump performance

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Ta k e home message
Tailor S&C program to each athlete’s needs
«give what each athlete needs »
«don
´
tgive what they already have »
+
Easy monitoring of changes over time
dynamic approach
Paper submitted soon….
THANK YOU VERY MUCH FOR YOUR ATTENTION

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Pedro JIMÉNEZ-REYES1, Pierre SAMOZINO2, Víctor CUADRADO-PEÑAFIEL3,
Mat t BRUGHELLI4, Jean-Benoit MORIN5
1. Cathol ic Uni versity of San Antonio, UCAM, Murcia, Spain
2. Univ ersi ty of Savoie Mont Blanc, Le Bourget du Lac, France
3. Univ ersi ty Compl utens e of Madrid, Spain
4. SPRINZ, Auckland Universi ty of Te c h no l o g y , Auckland, NEW ZEALAND
5. Univ ersi ty of Nice Sophia Antipolis, Nice, France
peterjr49@hotmail.com @peterjr49