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Wydział Lekarski z Oddziałem Nauczania w Języku Angielskim oraz Wydział Nauk
o Zdrowiu Pomorskiego Uniwersytetu Medycznego w Szczecinie,
Wydział Kształtowania Środowiska i Rolnictwa, Wydział Biotechnologii i Hodowli
Zwierząt oraz Wydział Nauk o Żywności i Rybactwa Zachodniopomorskiego
Uniwersytetu Technologicznego w Szczecinie,
Polskie Towarzystwo Przyrodników im. Kopernika – Oddział Szczeciński
oraz Sekcja Nauk o Człowieku,
Polskie Towarzystwo Lekarskie – Sekcja Ekologiczna,
Polskie Towarzystwo Medycyny Środowiskowej – Oddział Zachodniopomorski
II Międzynarodowa Konferencja „Ekologia człowieka”
II International Conference ‘HUMAN ECOLOGY’
Szczecin, 9
th
―10
th
June 2016
32
Evaluation of the Chemical Composition of the Herb Mexican Giant Hyssop
(Agastache mexicana (Kunth.) Link.&Epling) - Medicinal and Spice Plant
∗
Kamila Bojko
1
, Paula Jadczak
2
, Aneta Wesołowska
3
1
Department of Horticulture,
2
Department of Genetics, Plant Breeding and Biotechnology,
3
Institute
of Chemistry and Environmental Protection, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin
e-mail: kamila-bojko@zut.edu.pl
Introduction. Mexican giant hyssop (Agastache mexicana (Kunth.) Link.&Epling.) is a high,
acervate perennial plant of Lamiaceae family giving off a strong tea scent. Other common names
include toronjiil morado, rojo, colorado, nahuatl, tepehua (Spanish) (Cantino et al. 1992). Aromatic,
anise-scented leaves or herb of giant hyssop are used for seasoning or in medicine to support cardiac
performance and improve the condition of blood vessels. They may be also used to soothe cough,
diarrhea, fever and in wound healing. Flower infusion administered by inhalation is soothing and
improves sleep (Estrada-Reyes et al. 2004, 2014). All so far investigated Agastache species are
similar in phytochemical terms. Their essential oils contain compounds of two different classes, i.e.
phenylpropanoids and terpenoids (Zielińska and Matkowski 2014). The aim of the study was to
determine the content and composition of the essential oil isolated from Mexican giant hyssop
(Agastache mexicana) via hydrodistillation in Deryng and Clevenger-type apparatus.
Material and methods. The experiment was conducted in 2014 at the West Pomeranian
University of Technology in Szczecin. The herb of Mexican giant hyssop (Agastache mexicana
(Kunth.) Link.&Epling.) was grown in a greenhouse. It was harvested in the last decade of July, at
the beginning of anthesis. Dried herb was used to determine the content of the essential oil and its
chemical composition by means of gas chromatography. The results were subjected to the two-
way analysis of variance statistic. Significance of differences was assessed using Tukey’s test by
calculating of semi confidence intervals LSD (least significance difference) at significance level
of 0.05. Statistical analysis was performed for the components the content of which exceeded 3%.
Results and discussion. Hydrodestillation apparatus did not significantly affect either the
content or the chemical composition of the essential oil in Mexican giant hyssop herb (Table 1).
Mean content of the essential oil was 2.258%. In both cases, the essential oil was found to
contain 44 compounds that accounted for 99.23% of all compounds for Deryng apparatus and
99.18% for Clevenger apparatus (Table 2). The major components of the essential oil were
pulegone (48.63%), limonene (15.69%), (Z)-menthone (13.07%), and (E)-menthone (3.03%).
∗
This work was subjected to review
33
Table 1. Essential oil content in herb of giant hyssop (Agastache mexicana) depending on the type
of distillation apparatus
Distillation apparatus Essential oil content (%)
Deryng 2.255
Clevenger 2.261
Mean 2.258
LSD
0,05
not significant
Table 2. The content of some constituents of essential oil of giant hyssop (Agastache mexicana)
depending on the type of distillation apparatus
Distillation apparatus (Factor II)
Deryng Clevenger
Essential oil constituent (Factor I) RI Mean (%) Mean (%) Mean (%)
Pulegon / Pulegone 1249 47.77 49.49 48.63
Limonen / Limomene 1030 15.93 15.46 15.69
cis-Menton / (Z)-Menthone 1168 12.89 13.26 13.07
trans-Menton / (E)-Menthone 1155 2.90 3.18 3.04
Mean 19.87 20.34 20.11
LSD
0,05
for:
Factor I 0.414
Factor II not significant
Interaction 0.398
RI: retention indices relative to n-alkanes (C
7
-C
40
) on the HP-5MS colum
References
1. Cantino P.D., Harley R.M., Wagstaff S.J. 1992. Genera of Labiatae: status and classification. In:
Harley R.M., Reynolds T. (eds.) Advances in Labiatae Science. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, UK
2. Estrada-Reyes. R, Hernández E.A, Garcia-Argáez A., Hermández M.S., Linares E., Bye R., Heinze
G., Martinez-Vázquez M. 2004. Comparative chemical composition of Agastache mexicana subs.
mexicana and A. mexicana subs. xolocotiziana. Biochem. System. Ecol. 32, 685-694.
3. Estrada-Reyes. R, López-Rubalcava C., Ferreyra-Cruz O.A., Dorantes-Barrón A.M., Heinze G.,
Aguilar J.M., Martinez-Vázquez M. 2014. Central nervous system effects and chemical composition of
two subspecies of Agastache mexicana; an ethnomedicine of Mexico. J. Ethnopharmacol. 153, 98-110.
4. Zielińska S., Matkowski A. 2014. Phytochemistry and bioactivity of aromatic and medicinal plants
from the genus Agastache (Lamiaceae). Phytochem. Rev. 13, 391–416.
