Polish Black Storks Ciconia nigra along the western migration route and the first cases of their wintering on the Iberian Peninsula [Polskie bociany czarne Ciconia nigra na zachodnim szlaku wędrówkowym i pierwsze przypadki ich zimowania na Półwyspie Iberyjskim]

Abstract

The paper presents data on the Black Storks Ciconia nigra, which were ringed (mainly using colour rings also) as chicks in Poland in 2003–2014 and which follow the western migration route (across the Strait of Gibraltar or towards the Iberian Peninsula). A total of 1228 chicks from the Polish Black Stork population were ringed with colour rings (ca 33 mm high) during this period: the largest number in south-eastern Poland (including the Lublin province and northern Subcarpathia – 415 ind.), central Poland (the Łódź province – 196 ind. and the Świętokrzyskie province – 113 ind.) and western Poland (mainly the Wielkopolska province – 347 ind.). We received 53 recoveries from Western Europe, which represent 18 records of seven specimens from six breeding localities in Poland. They came from 2008–2016 and during that period, information on 1–4 specimens was obtained each year. Fifteen observations (83%) represented readings of colour rings from living and probably healthy birds (five different specimens), three other records related to injured or dead individuals (17%). We obtained records from France (9), Spain (7), The Netherlands (1) and south-western Germany (1). Four birds were registered west of meridian 0° and the farthest location was on the Atlantic coast of Spain (08°09′W). The observed storks were ringed in western (2) and central Poland (5). Three of them were reported in different places of Western Europe for more than one season (5, 4 and 2 seasons, respectively) proving that the Polish Black Storks repeatedly migrated along the same route in subsequent years. Two of these birds (in the 3rd and 5th calendar year of life) were later observed at a distance of 40 km from their nests. Black Storks from Poland were observed in Western Europe during all seasons of the year, including the first observations of wintering birds (two siblings encountered independently on the Iberian Peninsula). The lack of meridional geographical barriers in Poland makes it possible for Black Storks from the whole country to use the western migration route. Nevertheless, the presented research results, as well as a review of the literature on the migration of this species from the population ringed within the current borders of Poland, suggest that the western migration route is chosen by a small number of Black Storks coming from Poland, mainly those from its western and central part.

Full text



72
Polskie bociany czarne Ciconia nigra na zachodnim szlaku
wędrówkowym i pierwsze przypadki ich zimowania
na Półwyspie Iberyjskim
Ciconia nigra 



1 Komitet Ochrony Orłów Region Świętokrzyski
29–100 Włoszczowa, Wola Wiśniowa 99
e-mail: krzysztof.dudzik1@gmail.com
2 Stowarzyszenie Psychoedukacyjno-
-Przyrodnicze M.O.S.T.
25–437 Kielce, os. Na Stoku 9/15
3 Południowowielkopolska Grupa
Ogólnopolskiego Towarzystwa Ochrony Ptaków
63–400 Ostrów Wielkopolski, ul. Wrocławska 60 A/7
e-mail: p.dolata@op.pl
Słowa kluczowe

Ciconia nigra
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     
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
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       

4 Katedra Ekologii i Zoologii Kręgowców
Wydział Biologii i Ochrony Środowiska
Uniwersytet Łódzki
90–237 Łódź, ul. Banacha 12/16
e-mail: pziel@biol.uni.lodz.pl, bartekj@biol.uni.lodz.pl
5 Instytut Ochrony Przyrody, Polska Akademia Nauk
31–120 Kraków, al. A. Mickiewicza 33
e-mail: profus@iop.krakow.pl
6 Komitet Ochrony Orłów Region Świętokrzyski
26–200 Końskie, ul. Mieszka I 5/28
e-mail: anida2@op.pl

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
Wstęp
    
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 Ciconia nigra
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   
    
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   
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Ciconia ciconia

     

    


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

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 
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         
       
    
   
    
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      
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      
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    
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
      

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
     
  
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  
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    



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
  
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

 

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    
 

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       
    
   

     
     


Materiał i metody badań
   
      



 
      
     
     
    
    
     
 
    

   
    
    
    
      
   
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     



   
    

  N


Ryc. 1. Rozmieszczenie stwierdzeń bocianów czarnych Ciconia nigra obrączkowanych w Polsce w latach 2003–
–2014, a następnie odnotowanych na szlaku zachodnim: a – numer ptaka i miejsce zaobrączkowania, b – okres
migracji wiosennej, c – okres letni, d – okres migracji jesiennej, e – okres zimowania. Numery osobników na
rycinie odpowiadają numeracji ptaków w tabeli 1
Fig. 1. Distribu�on of recoveries of Black Storks ringed in Poland in 2003–2014, along the western
route: a – bird no. and the place of ringing, b – the period of spring migra�on, c – summer period, d – the period
of autumn migra�on, e – wintering period. The numbers of specimens in the figure correspond to the numbers
of birds in Table 1

Tab. 1. Historia obrączkowanych polskich bocianów czarnych Ciconia nigra stwierdzonych na zachodnim szlaku migracyjnym
Table 1. Life history of the ringed Polish Black Storks , observed along the western migra�on route
Nr ptaka i obrączki
Bird and ring no.
Data
Date
Rok życia/ Age
calendar year
Współrzędne
Coordinates
Lokalizacja
Locality
Odległość
Distance

Kierunek
(kąt)
Direc�on
angle
Okoliczności, uwagi
Circumstances, remarks
Obrączkarz/informator
Ringer/informer
1GDAŃSK
VH 8304
   
  
   
   



   
   
 
   
   
 
   
     

2 biała 1A65
   
  
  ′′
    

3 biała 1A81
     
  ′′     
  ′′    



  ′′    



  ′′    



  ′′    
 
4 biała 1B52
   
  

  ′′
    

  ′′     


Nr ptaka i obrączki
Bird and ring no.
Data
Date
Rok życia/ Age
calendar year
Współrzędne
Coordinates
Lokalizacja
Locality
Odległość
Distance

Kierunek
(kąt)
Direc�on
angle
Okoliczności, uwagi
Circumstances, remarks
Obrączkarz/informator
Ringer/informer
5 biała 1M85
   
  
  ′′
    
  ′′ Hiszpania   
zimujący


  ′′
Hiszpania   
zimujący 
  ′′ Hiszpania   



  ′′     
  ′′
    
6 biała 1M86
   
  
  ′′
    

  ′′
Hiszpania    
  ′′
    
  ′′ Hiszpania   
zimujący 
  ′′
Hiszpania   
zimujący


  ′′
    
7 biała 1T44
     
  ′′
Hiszpania   







 





     



     

    
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

  

Ryc. 2. Bocian czarny oznakowany obrączką 1M86 stwierdzony na zachodnim szlaku wędrówkowym: A –
w 1. kalendarzowym roku życia (Holandia, 19.09.2012 r., fot. R. Baayens), B – w szacie ostatecznej (Francja,
12.04.2016 r., fot. F. Durlet)
Fig. 2. Colour-ringed Black Stork 1M86 recorded along the western migra�on route: A – in the 1st calendar year
the Netherlands, 19 September, 2012; photo by R. Baayens, B – in adult plumage France, 12 April, 2016; photo
by F. Durlet
A B

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 
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     
     
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      
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     
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Okres lęgowy
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     


      
      


        


Migracja jesienna
  
     
  


    



  


     


 


Zimowanie


  

   


     
  
     

 
     
     
      






Stwierdzenia w kolejnych sezonach


    







     


Ryc. 3. Oznakowane polskie bociany czarne odnotowane na zachodnim szlaku wędrówkowym: A – osob-
nik oznakowany obrączką 1A81 w 1. kalendarzowym roku życia (Francja, sierpień 2009 r.; fot. F. Croset),
B–C – osobnik z obrączką 1M85 w szacie 2. zimy (Hiszpania, B: 1.12.2013 r.; fot. C. Rohde; C: 18.01.2014 r.; fot.
Á. Sánchez)
Fig. 3. Colour-marked Polish Black Storks recorded along the western migra�on route: A– individual withthe 1A81
ring in the 1st calendar year France, August 2009; photo by F. Croset, B–C – individual with the 1M85 ring, in the
2nd winter plumage Spain, B: 1 December, 2013; photo by C. Rohde; C: 18 January, 2014; photo by Á. Sánchez
A B
C


 
 


    

      
  


   

    

Dyskusja
   
     
 

      
    
       
       
        

    
   
    

        


   
       

   
 
 




 
Ryc. 4. Bocian czarny oznakowany obrączką 1M86 w 3. kalendarzowym roku życia, stwierdzony na znanym zi-
mowisku tego gatunku w Europie (Park Narodowy Doñana, Hiszpania, 16.11.2014 r.; fot. R. Benjumea, Ecotono
Birding)
Fig. 4. Colour-marked Black Stork 1M86 in the 3rd calendar year recorded in well-known wintering site of this spe-
cies in Europe Doñana Na�onal Park, Spain, 16 November, 2014; photo by R. Benjumea, Ecotono Birding







      



    



     

    
    


  
     
     
   
       

    
    

 
      
        
 

    

      
    


 

 
    

     

    
     
    
     
 
  
     
   
   
    least
concern 
     

    
    
umbrella species

     

     
     
 
  
   
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   Procambarus clarkii
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 
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     
    
     
     
     
    
   
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     
      
     
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     
    
  
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   
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      
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    
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    
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     
   
    
    
     
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    
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


    
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  
      


     

 
 
   
       

    

      


        



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      
     

     
 




PIŚMIENNICTWO


     
Ciconia nigra

    


     
       

    

    


     

     Ciconia nigra 
      
    




     

  Ciconia nigra 
   



    
Ciconia nigra  

 
Ciconia nigra
    


Ciconia nigra


         

Ciconia nigra


        
 Ciconianigra
       
 
    

 


Ciconia nigra  

        
 
    Ciconianigra 


    
   Ciconia nigra  
  

 
 
      
Ciconia nigra     
     



     
      


  

 

      Ciconia
nigra 

       
      
Ciconia nigra)
       
    



    

  


       



 
  
    


  –   




      
Ciconia nigra 

 
  
     
    
    


   Ciconia nigra

  
   
  

   Ciconia nigra

    

      

       
Ciconia nigra
 
      
    




 




 

      
     
    



Ciconia nigra

  
      
      


     

       
    


     
     
Ciconia
nigra

    
Ciconia nigra
    
   

      Ciconia
nigra     

 
      Ciconia
nigra
  
Ciconia ciconia  

       


     Ciconia nigra 
      
      

    
        
      


      



Ciconia
nigra






     Gallinago media
      



Ciconia nigra

     

      
      
Ciconia nigra


       




  
      

     Ciconia nigra 
       


Ciconia nigra 


    
     


     
  Ciconianigra   
      

      


 Ciconia nigra   


     
Ciconia nigra

  
 

Ci-
conia nigra). 


 



      
 

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

     
  
      


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

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
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








       
Ciconia
nigra


      
   
 
     
       

       
       
      
–



 
       Ciconia
nigra      


 Ciconia nigra  


Ci-
conia nigra
     
 
    


    





SUMMARY  
Dudzik K., Dolata P.T., Janic B., Profus P., Prochowski R., ZielińskiP. Polish Black Storks Ciconia nigra
along the western migra�on route and the first cases of their wintering on the Iberian Peninsula
Ciconia nigra

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
     

Cuculus canorus
     

     Ciconia nigra 
       

  


 Ciconia nigra 


       
      
   Ciconia nigra

    
