Article

EVALUATION OF ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIBACTERIAL ACTIVITIES OF DIFFERENT BANGLADESHI SPICES (TURMERIC, GARLIC AND GINGER)

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Abstract

Objective: To determine antibacterial activity of water, oil and methanol extracts of Guava (Psidium guajava), Green Tea (Camellia sinensis), Neem (Azadirachta indica) and Marigold (Calendula officinalis) against different species of bacteria, Pseudomonas spp., Vibrio cholerae, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, Klebsiella spp., Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus. Methods: Antibacterial activity of plant extracts was measured by measuring zone of inhibition by agar well diffusion method. Results: Boiled water extracts of Guava leaf showed the largest zone of inhibition (22 mm) against Vibrio parahaemolyticus. Water extracts of Green tea leaf at boiling and room temperature showed 17.5 mm and 19 mm zone of inhibitions against Vibrio parahaemolyticus and Staphylococcus aureus, respectively. Boiled water extract of Neem leaf showed moderate zone of inhibition against Escherichia coli (10 mm) and Klebshiela spp. (11 mm). Water and oil extracts of Marigold leaf at both boiling and room temperature did not show any zone of inhibition against any of the tested microorganisms. Methanol extracts of both Guava and Green Tea leaves showed same zone of inhibition against Pseudomonus spp. (18 mm). Methanol extract of Neem leaf showed antibacterial acitivity against Klebsiella spp. (16 mm) and Vibrio cholerae (14 mm) and that of Marigold leaf showed antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (18 mm) and Klebshiela spp. (12 mm). Conclusions: The results from the study suggest that the leaves of Guava, Green Tea, Neem and Marigold have significant antibacterial activity against different bacterial species. They could be used as alternatives to common antimicrobial agents for treatment of bacterial infections.

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... It is estimated that there are about 5000 plant species, of which around 1500 species are expected to have therapeutic benefits [8]. Over the last decade, numerous studies have been conducted in Bangladesh to analyze the antibacterial properties of eclectic plants like Azadirachta indica (Neem) [9][10][11], Rosa kordesii [12], Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China rose) [13,14], Curcuma longa (Turmeric) [14,15], Zingiber officinale (Ginger) [15,16], Allium sativum (Garlic) [15], Piper betle (Betel leaf) [17,18], Launaea sarmentosa [19], Ficus racemosa (Fig) [20], Nigella sativa (Black cumin) [18], Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) [21], Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi) [10], Melastoma malabathricum [22], Polygonum hydropiper L. (Water pepper) [23], Ipomoea mauritiana (Morning glory) [24], Eclipta prostrata [11,22], Tagetes minuta (Marigold) [9,14] and so on. A more diverse range of medicinal plants needs to be analyzed extensively to enhance our knowledge further. ...
... It is estimated that there are about 5000 plant species, of which around 1500 species are expected to have therapeutic benefits [8]. Over the last decade, numerous studies have been conducted in Bangladesh to analyze the antibacterial properties of eclectic plants like Azadirachta indica (Neem) [9][10][11], Rosa kordesii [12], Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China rose) [13,14], Curcuma longa (Turmeric) [14,15], Zingiber officinale (Ginger) [15,16], Allium sativum (Garlic) [15], Piper betle (Betel leaf) [17,18], Launaea sarmentosa [19], Ficus racemosa (Fig) [20], Nigella sativa (Black cumin) [18], Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) [21], Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi) [10], Melastoma malabathricum [22], Polygonum hydropiper L. (Water pepper) [23], Ipomoea mauritiana (Morning glory) [24], Eclipta prostrata [11,22], Tagetes minuta (Marigold) [9,14] and so on. A more diverse range of medicinal plants needs to be analyzed extensively to enhance our knowledge further. ...
... It is estimated that there are about 5000 plant species, of which around 1500 species are expected to have therapeutic benefits [8]. Over the last decade, numerous studies have been conducted in Bangladesh to analyze the antibacterial properties of eclectic plants like Azadirachta indica (Neem) [9][10][11], Rosa kordesii [12], Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China rose) [13,14], Curcuma longa (Turmeric) [14,15], Zingiber officinale (Ginger) [15,16], Allium sativum (Garlic) [15], Piper betle (Betel leaf) [17,18], Launaea sarmentosa [19], Ficus racemosa (Fig) [20], Nigella sativa (Black cumin) [18], Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) [21], Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi) [10], Melastoma malabathricum [22], Polygonum hydropiper L. (Water pepper) [23], Ipomoea mauritiana (Morning glory) [24], Eclipta prostrata [11,22], Tagetes minuta (Marigold) [9,14] and so on. A more diverse range of medicinal plants needs to be analyzed extensively to enhance our knowledge further. ...
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Background Plants contain a variety of bioactive compounds that provide them antimicrobial properties, which can be used to develop novel antibiotics. The current research evaluated the antibacterial activity of 6 medicinal plants Sphagneticola calendulacea (Chinese wedelia), Enydra fluctuans (Buffalo spinach), Chenopodium album (Goosefoot), Mentha arvensis (Wild mint), Mimosa diplotricha (Nila grass), and Averrhoa bilimbi (Cucumber tree) against Urinary Tract Infection (UTI)- causing pathogens (Staphylococcus spp., Proteus spp., Pseudmonas spp., Escherichia coli and Enterobacter spp.). Methods The bacterial contamination of these plants was evaluated by using their surface-washed water. The combined effects of commercially available antibiotics along with these medicinal plants were also tested. We used the solvent extraction method, conventional cell culture technique, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay, and disc diffusion method for our analysis. Results The surface-washer water was contaminated with variable bacteria. The plants displayed notable antibacterial activity against most of the tested bacteria. Ethanol and hot water extract of plants exhibited minimum inhibitory effects, while the methanol extract of plants showed very potent antibacterial activity against most of the bacteria with inhibitory zone diameter up to 14 mm. In the case of combined effects, the zone diameter increased up to 26 mm, which is a significant improvement compared to the individual plant extracts. Interpretation This suggested that the combination of two antibacterial agents, one natural and the other synthetic, would be more efficient in the treatment of multidrug-resistant bacteria than a single monotherapy of either of the antibacterial agents.
... It is estimated that there are about 5000 plant species, of which around 1500 species are expected to have therapeutic benefits [8]. Over the last decade, numerous studies have been conducted in Bangladesh to analyze the antibacterial properties of eclectic plants like Azadirachta indica (Neem) [9][10][11], Rosa kordesii [12], Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China rose) [13,14], Curcuma longa (Turmeric) [14,15], Zingiber officinale (Ginger) [15,16], Allium sativum (Garlic) [15], Piper betle (Betel leaf) [17,18], Launaea sarmentosa [19], Ficus racemosa (Fig) [20], Nigella sativa (Black cumin) [18], Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) [21], Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi) [10], Melastoma malabathricum [22], Polygonum hydropiper L. (Water pepper) [23], Ipomoea mauritiana (Morning glory) [24], Eclipta prostrata [11,22], Tagetes minuta (Marigold) [9,14] and so on. A more diverse range of medicinal plants needs to be analyzed extensively to enhance our knowledge further. ...
... It is estimated that there are about 5000 plant species, of which around 1500 species are expected to have therapeutic benefits [8]. Over the last decade, numerous studies have been conducted in Bangladesh to analyze the antibacterial properties of eclectic plants like Azadirachta indica (Neem) [9][10][11], Rosa kordesii [12], Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China rose) [13,14], Curcuma longa (Turmeric) [14,15], Zingiber officinale (Ginger) [15,16], Allium sativum (Garlic) [15], Piper betle (Betel leaf) [17,18], Launaea sarmentosa [19], Ficus racemosa (Fig) [20], Nigella sativa (Black cumin) [18], Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) [21], Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi) [10], Melastoma malabathricum [22], Polygonum hydropiper L. (Water pepper) [23], Ipomoea mauritiana (Morning glory) [24], Eclipta prostrata [11,22], Tagetes minuta (Marigold) [9,14] and so on. A more diverse range of medicinal plants needs to be analyzed extensively to enhance our knowledge further. ...
... It is estimated that there are about 5000 plant species, of which around 1500 species are expected to have therapeutic benefits [8]. Over the last decade, numerous studies have been conducted in Bangladesh to analyze the antibacterial properties of eclectic plants like Azadirachta indica (Neem) [9][10][11], Rosa kordesii [12], Hibiscus rosa-sinensis (China rose) [13,14], Curcuma longa (Turmeric) [14,15], Zingiber officinale (Ginger) [15,16], Allium sativum (Garlic) [15], Piper betle (Betel leaf) [17,18], Launaea sarmentosa [19], Ficus racemosa (Fig) [20], Nigella sativa (Black cumin) [18], Cinnamomum cassia (Chinese cinnamon) [21], Ocimum tenuiflorum (Tulsi) [10], Melastoma malabathricum [22], Polygonum hydropiper L. (Water pepper) [23], Ipomoea mauritiana (Morning glory) [24], Eclipta prostrata [11,22], Tagetes minuta (Marigold) [9,14] and so on. A more diverse range of medicinal plants needs to be analyzed extensively to enhance our knowledge further. ...
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