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INTERNAL PH IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
*,1
Tamgadge Sandhya,
1Departmen
t of Oral & Maxillofacial
Sector 7, Nerul, N
2Departmen
t of Public Health Dentistry
Sector
-
ARTICLE INFO
ABSTRACT
A healthy body is determined by the health of each cells
pH Balance). It is most crucial
bone strength, symptoms of joint disease, hormones, and the function of essential internal organs." An
improp
shorten life.
acid environment. Therefore th
disease
Copyright©2016, Tamgadge Sandhya et al. This
is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Att
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
INTRODUCTION
Our
body is an amazing chemical lab where myriad of
biochemical reactions takes place for
accurate
simultaneous functioning
of every cell. All biochemical
reactions function their best in alkaline range and are affected
by acidic pH
(Importance of ph balance, 2015; Nothing
Happens Without Chemical Reactions
, 2015)
processes such as,
the processes of living, tissue rep
metabolism of food-
produce a great deal of acid which is
extremely dangerous to the mitochondria and even genes
(Mark Sircus, 2015).
In order to maintain internal alkaline state
and to stay alive: oxygen, water, and acid
-
are neccesary
which are first line of defense against disease.
Disease can only grow in an acidic body, which makes a
condition favorable for the gro
wth of bacteria, yeast, fungus,
mold, viruses, etc. Even Cancer always strikes those with an
over-acidic body (
Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo
determining factor between health and disease is pH which
is being neglected (Importance of
ph balance
*Corresponding author: Tamgadge Sandhya,
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Dr
D Y Patil Dental College & Hospital, Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai,
Maharashtra, India.
ISSN: 0975-833X
Article History:
Received 25th April, 2016
Received in revised form
07th May, 2016
Accepted 27th June, 2016
Published online 16th July, 2016
Key words:
Internal ph, Acid, Alkaline, Stress,
Systems, Cancer, Health, Diseases,
Oral cavity. Dental caries, Incipent caries,
Rampant caries, Smooth surface caries.
Citation: Tamgadge Sandhya, Tamgadge Avinash and
Research, 8, (07), 34315-34320.
RESEARCH ARTICLE
INTERNAL PH IN HEALTH AND DISEASE
Tamgadge Sandhya,
1Tamgadge Avinash and 2
Agre Bhagyashree
t of Oral & Maxillofacial
Pathology and Microbiology,
Dr D Y Patil Dental College & Hospital,
Sector 7, Nerul, N
avi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
t of Public Health Dentistry
,
Bharti Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital Navi Mumbai
-
7, C.B.D. Belapur, Navi Mumbai 400614, India
ABSTRACT
A healthy body is determined by the health of each cells
which depends on
pH Balance). It is most crucial
which
can affect human health status.
bone strength, symptoms of joint disease, hormones, and the function of essential internal organs." An
improper pH balance that is acidic ph can not only severely impact quality of life, but it can also
shorten life.
On contrary alkaline ph can reverse the disease process. Even cancer cells thrive in an
acid environment. Therefore th
is review presents a report on “
body ph
disease
”.
is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which
use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
body is an amazing chemical lab where myriad of
accurate
, continuous and
of every cell. All biochemical
reactions function their best in alkaline range and are affected
(Importance of ph balance, 2015; Nothing
, 2015)
Metabolic
the processes of living, tissue rep
air, and the
produce a great deal of acid which is
extremely dangerous to the mitochondria and even genes
In order to maintain internal alkaline state
-
buffering minerals
which are first line of defense against disease.
Disease can only grow in an acidic body, which makes a
wth of bacteria, yeast, fungus,
mold, viruses, etc. Even Cancer always strikes those with an
Dr. Ritamarie Loscalzo
, 2010) Thus the
determining factor between health and disease is pH which
ph balance
, 2015; Sonja
Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Dr
D Y Patil Dental College & Hospital, Sector 7, Nerul, Navi Mumbai,
Benjamin, 2015;
Cancer Cures
sophisticated treatment modalities are being focused at a
secondary or symptomatic level and does not simply focus on
the crucial cause that is to raise pH. Many doctors, herbalists
and nutritionists believe that the main culprit and
battlefield of all ailments is acidic pH or pH Imbalance which
has deleterious effect on various body systems,
this article. In 2006, Hanahan and Weinberg proposed 6
hallmarks of cancer, embracing the six biological abilities
gained durin
g the multistep development of tumors. In an
update in 2011, they have proposed two new emerging
hallmarks: (1) metabolic reprogramming. Immune evasion
However, these two emerging hallmarks should not be
regarded as independent factors but appears to be l
each other as reported by Mohit
2013; Henning et al., 2004;
Barar
The pH gradient reversal arbitrates the development of tumor
through metabolic re-
adjustments and inhibition of
(Barar et al., 2013; We et al.,
2011
is also now being reckoned as a chief characteristic essential
factor for tumor cells survival and propagation, independent of
their pathology, genetics and origins
et al., 2011; Harguindey et al
.,
Available online at http://www.journalcra.com
International Journal of Current Research
Vol. 8, Issue, 07, pp.34315-34320, July, 2016
INTERNATIONAL
Citation: Tamgadge Sandhya, Tamgadge Avinash and Agre Bhagyashree, 2016.
“Internal Ph in health and disease”,
z
Agre Bhagyashree
Dr D Y Patil Dental College & Hospital,
Bharti Vidyapeeth Dental College and Hospital Navi Mumbai
which depends on
acid-alkaline balance (or
can affect human health status.
It impacts immunity, digestion,
bone strength, symptoms of joint disease, hormones, and the function of essential internal organs." An
er pH balance that is acidic ph can not only severely impact quality of life, but it can also
On contrary alkaline ph can reverse the disease process. Even cancer cells thrive in an
body ph
” or “internal ph in health and
ribution License, which
permits unrestricted
Cancer Cures
, 2015). The current
sophisticated treatment modalities are being focused at a
secondary or symptomatic level and does not simply focus on
the crucial cause that is to raise pH. Many doctors, herbalists
and nutritionists believe that the main culprit and
true
battlefield of all ailments is acidic pH or pH Imbalance which
has deleterious effect on various body systems,
discussed in
this article. In 2006, Hanahan and Weinberg proposed 6
hallmarks of cancer, embracing the six biological abilities
g the multistep development of tumors. In an
update in 2011, they have proposed two new emerging
hallmarks: (1) metabolic reprogramming. Immune evasion
However, these two emerging hallmarks should not be
regarded as independent factors but appears to be l
inked to
each other as reported by Mohit
et al. (Kareva and Hahnfeldt,
Barar
et al., 2013; We et al., 2011).
The pH gradient reversal arbitrates the development of tumor
adjustments and inhibition of
apoptosis.
2011
) Thus, pH gradient reversal
is also now being reckoned as a chief characteristic essential
factor for tumor cells survival and propagation, independent of
their pathology, genetics and origins
(Barar et al., 2013; We
.,
2013; Daniel et al., 2013).
INTERNATIONAL
JOURNAL
OF CURRENT RESEARCH
“Internal Ph in health and disease”,
International Journal of Current
Hence, it can be regarded as an integral feature of various
pathologies. Thus this review highlights the importance of
acid–base balance i.e. internal pH in health and disease which
could create hopes to develop new treatment modalities in
future to treat deadly diseases or could even reverse the
disease process.
Definition of pH
pH is defined as the negative logarithm of the hydrogen ion
concentration .This definition of pH was introduced in1909 by
the Danish biochemist, Soren Peter Lauritz Sorensen (1868–
1939). This value ranges from0 to 14 pH. Values below 7 pH
exhibit acidic properties while values above 7 pH exhibit basic
or alkaline properties. (Frederick J. Kohlmann, 2003)
pH value of various body fluids
1.Blood pH:
The bloodstream is the most centralized and sensitive buffered
system of the entire body and maintain a slightly alkaline pH
with the value of arterial blood Ph is 7.41 and venous blood
being pH is 7.36 (Frederick J. Kohlmann, 2003)
2.Interstitial fluids and connective tissue pH:
Interstitial fluid present in the intercellular area and considered
as medium for smooth functioning of all tissues. It reflects the
ph of blood plasma, blood serum, urine, and occasionally
cerebrospinal fluid in diagnosing disease. (Bodyfluids, 2015) A
normal pH in these areas is 7.34 and 7.40, sometimes becomes
more acidic as body dumps metabolic acids in these areas can
dangerously drop to the concentrations of pH = 5.0.
3.Urine pH values:
Urine is slightly acidic in the morning, (pH = 6.5 - 7.0) and
generally becomes more alkaline (pH = 7.5 - 8.0) by evening
in healthy people primarily because no food or beverages are
consumed while sleeping (The Role of pH and Healthy Living,
215)
4.Salivary ph
The pH of saliva is usually between 6.5 - 7.5
Most medical and surgical subspecialists concern themselves
with a specific organ (e.g. nephrology), region of the body
(e.g. cardiothoracic surgery), or disease process (e.g. infectious
disease), but critical care specialists are more often concerned
about acids base balance which is responsible for various
severe derangements in body systems and area of main focus
by intensivists. (John A Kellum, 2000)
Causes of acidic pH
1. Oestrogen levels
It binds to receptor sites on the cells membrane. One natural
oestrogen, oestradiol, is particularly aggressive ,reduces the
potassium levels, increases the sodium levels, with the
resultant effect that the cell becomes more acidic, i.e. uses less
and less oxygen, and could results in ill health and cancer.
2. Insufficient sleep
During sleep pineal gland produces melatonin, which helps put
to into a deeper sleep. Inadequate melatonin levels leads to
increased oestrogen levels which further leads to neoplasia.
3. Chemicals and pesticides
If inhaled or ingested can mimic the action of oestrogen within
cells.
4 .Stress hormones
Hormones like cortisol affect localized hormones like Insulin
and steroids around cells in stressful times and can set up
acid conditions in the body. Interestingly, people with cancer
have higher cortisol levels, more inflammation and more
metastases.
5. Low level of blood oxygen
Cancer cells are anaerobic and cannot survive in the presence
of high levels of oxygen which is considered as one of the
treatment modality.
7. Acid pooling
The body dumps metabolic acids substances from the blood
into cells to maintain the alkaline nature of blood. Due to
which cells becomes acidic with low levels of oxygen levels
and harms the DNA, leads to lysis of most of the acidic cells.
However, some will evolve, and adapt, and survive by
becoming abnormal, mutated cells or Malignant cells.
8. Acidic Diet - An acidic pH can occur from, an acid forming
diet, meat, fish, poultry, dairy, grains, refined or processed
foods, fast food. (The importance of pH balance,
2015; http://www.natural-health-hope.com/163195767)
Therefore vegetarian diet is preferred for good health.
9. Emotional stress including, worries, anxiety, negative
thoughts can cause acidic ph (The importance of pH balance
,
2015; http://www.natural-health-hope.com/163195767).
Therefore meditations is the best practice to control such
impure thoughts.
Body reactions to acids
Increased acid levels leads to bone demineralization. Therefore
body protect itself from damaging actions of acids by storing
these acids in fat cells. This process may save all vital organs
from severe damage. By returning to a balanced pH level, body
will lose unwanted fat cells. (Henning et al., 2004; Sonja Benja,
2015) Body has 3 ways of maintaining a normal pH range as
following:
34316 Tamgadge Sandhya et al. Internal ph in health and disease
a) Chemical buffer system through Carbonic acid /
bicarbonate, Phosphate buffer and Protein buffer which
acts within seconds
b) Respiratory controls-which acts within minutes
Important in compensating for metabolic acidosis or
alkalosis and Permits elimination of the volatile acid
(bicarbonate acid)
c) Renal controls- Acts within hours or days Compensate
for respiratory acidosis or alkalosis and Eliminate fixed
acids from the body (Edyta Mądry, 2015)
Alkaline pH
Highest alkaline mineral concentration is observed in fetal life
which later on gradually acidifies. Therefore degenerative
diseases are seldom seen at younger age group. (Edyta Mądry,
2015) Immune system also flourishes in an alkaline
environment due to the 800 different strains of Microbiome or
the Beneficial Bacteria present in the gut and are our first line
of defense and grows well in alkaline diet like fibrous whole
foods, whole grains, green vegetables. These beneficial
bacteria are crucial to our very existence by consuming yeasts
and microbes in the gut at night. Their very presence
stimulates our immune system and direct a whopping 85 per
cent of our antibody production. They help release crucial
vitamins from our food; particularly the anti-cancer vitamins
biotin, B-12, folic acid and vitamin K. They even produce a
powerful anti-cancer chemical (sodium butyrate) and chelate
with and eliminate cancer causing oestrogenic chemicals and
nitrosamines, plus heavy metals like cadmium and mercury.
(Acid bodies and cancer, 2015)
Exchange of Chemicals in the Body
All cells in the body continually exchange chemicals (e.g.,
nutrients, waste products, and ions) with interstitial fluid
surrounding them through membrane channels, due to
a concentration gradient associated with various minerals
present in these fluids. Hence, the chemical composition of the
blood (and therefore of the external fluid) is extremely
important for the cell. If, for instance, the pH of the blood and
external fluid is too low (too many H+ ions), then an excess of
H+ ions will enter the cell. (Rachel Casiday and Regina Frey,
2015; Vander et al., 1994)
Accumulation of metabolic waste
Every living cell creates waste products. The nutrients are
delivered to each cell and are burnt with oxygen to provide
energy to live. The burned nutrients are the waste products.
These waste products, which are mostly acidic, are discharged
from our body through various elimination channels. Therefore
urine and perspiration are acidic. If our internal environment is
not maintained in a state of pH balance, body’s ability to
eliminate the waste products will slows down. To protect
itself, the body converts acidic waste into solid waste and
stores it in less critical areas of the body. The accumulation of
solid waste can contribute to many health problems including
excess weight, clogged arteries, arthritis, kidney stones, and
various other chronic illnesses. (The importance of pH balance,
2015)
The measurement of pH can be made in a variety of ways
such as-
1.Indicators: Indicators are materials that are specifically
designed to change color when exposed to different pH values
like pH paper which is matched to a color on a color chart to
infer a pH value. pH paper is available for narrow pH ranges
(for example, 3.0 to 5.5pH, 4.5 to 7.5 pH and 6.0 to 8.0 pH),
and fairly wide ranges of 1.0 to 11.0 pH. pH paper is typically
used for preliminary and small volume measuring. It cannot be
used for continuous monitoring of a process.
2.Colorimeter: This device uses a vial filled with an
appropriate volume of sample, to which a reagent is added. As
the reagent is added, a color change takes place. The color of
this solution is then compared to a color wheel or spectral
standard to interpolate the pH value
3.pH meter –It is always recommended for precise and
continuous measuring. Most laboratories use a pH meter
connected to a strip chart recorder or some other data
acquisition device so that the reading can be recorded or stored
electronically over a user-defined time range.
4.pH Electrodes-A pH electrode assembly, or sensor, as it is
sometimes referred to, consists of two primary parts:
Measuring electrode: The measuring electrode is sometimes
called the glass electrode, and is also referred to as a
membrane or active electrode. Reference electrode: The
reference electrode is also referred to as a standard electrode.
Health conditions associated with advanced ph imbalance
(acidosis)
Severe acidosis
Crohn’s Disease, Schizophrenia, Hodgkin’s Disease, Systemic
Lupus Erythematosis, Multiple Sclerosis, Sarcoidosis,
Rheumatoid Arthritis, Myasthenia Gravis, Scleroderma,
Leukemia, Tuberculosis, Cancer
Moderate acidosis
Cold Sores, Depression, Loss Of Memory, Loss Of
Concentration, Migraine Headaches Insomnia, Disturbance In
Smell, Taste, Vision, Hearing, Asthma, Bronchitis, Hay Fever
Ear Aches, Hives, Swelling, Viral Infections, Impotence,
Bacterial Infections, Fungal Infections (Candida Albicans,
Athlete’s Foot, Vaginal), Urethritis, Cystitis, Urinary Infection,
Gastritis, Colitis, Psoriasis
Mild acidosis
Acne, Agitation, Muscular Pain, Dizziness, Low Energy, Joint
Pains, Food Allergies, Chemical Sensitivities, Hyperactivity,
Pre-Menstrual And Menstrual Cramping, Lack Of Sex Drive,
Bloating, Heartburn, Diarrhea, Constipation, Hot and Smelling
Urine, Mild Headaches, Rapid Heartbeat, Irregular Heartbeat,
White Coated Tongue, Hard To Get Up In Morning, Excess
Head Mucous, Metallic Taste In Mouth (Importance of ph
balance, 2015)
Systemic effect of acidic PH
It will have effect almost on all various tissues such as
34317 International Journal of Current Research, Vol. 08, Issue, 07, pp.34315-34320, July, 2016
1. Gastrointestinal System - Most digestive disorders, such as
indigestion, nausea, bloating, gastric reflux, are symptoms
caused by excess acid in the gastric region.
2. Heart - Acidity is the principal cause of heart disease.
3. Immune System - Acidic environments are breeding
grounds for anaerobic pathogens. Alkaline environment keep
harmful bacteria inactive.
4. Respiratory tissues – Exchange of oxygen is hampered in
acidic environment and affect the cell to function correctly.
When the ratio of acidity is too high then wastes in the form of
mucus and infections and viruses build up in our lungs, which
leads to colds, bronchitis, asthma, etc.
5. Bones - Arthritis is one of the most disabling diseases
related to pH imbalance and accumulation of acid deposits in
the joints and wrists which damages the cartilage. Synovial
cells fails to produce the lubricating synovial fluids which
causes a dryness that irritates and swelling of the joints due to
the formation of crystals in the joints.
6. Skin – Ph imbalance leads to infection and inflammation of
the skin.
7. Brain - Acidity weakens the nervous system by depriving it
of energy. It makes the body physically, mentally, and
emotionally weak.
8 Kidneys - Excess acids pooling causes pulling of alkaline
minerals from bones and dumping them in the blood. If this
occurs frequently enough, the minerals build up in the kidneys
in the form of painful kidney stones.
9. Muscles - When acidity increases in the muscle cells, it
disrupts the metabolism breakdown of glucose and oxygen to
energy. This means muscles perform poorly in an acidic
environment. An alkaline system on the other hand allows for
much better aerobic metabolism and energy for the body's
recovery from strenuous exercise. We can often observe when
someone is acidic from their breathing because they take large
gulping inhales while doing the simplest tasks like walking and
talking, which suggests their body finds it difficult to
adequately deliver oxygen into the cells - a symptom of
acidosis.
10. Genital tissues - Still much research is being done to
discover the exact link between sexual dysfunction and acidity
and also infertility and acidity. (Marcus Julian Felicetti, 2015)
Neoplasia and Ph
The intratumor microenvironment in malignancy is intrinsically
acidic due mainly to accumulation of lactic acid and this seems
to encourage metastases to fire off. It been suggested that the
pH inside a tumour can be as low as 6. (Acid bodies and
cancer, 2015; High ph therapy, 2015) At a pH slightly above
7.4 cancer cells become dormant and at pH 8.5 cancer cells will
die while healthy cells will live. This has given rise to a variety
of treatments based on increasing the alkalinity of the tissues
such as vegetarian diet, the drinking of fresh fruit and vegetable
juices, and dietary supplementation with alkaline minerals such
as calcium, potassium, magnesium, cesium and rubidium.
(Reshkin et al., 2013) pH of Cancerous cells are in the range
of 5.5 to 6.5 (High ph therapy, 2015) Cancer is not compatible
in a healthy pH environment full of oxygen. Urine and saliva
pH of terminal cancer patients almost always runs between 4.0
and 5.5. When the cancer goes into metastases the pH drops
even lower. (Porporato et al., 2011) The current work tests the
hypothesis that neutralizing the acid pH of tumors will inhibit
invasion and, hence, reduce the incidence of spontaneous
metastases. (Ian et al., 2009) Tumor blood perfusion is
lethargic, resulting insufficient supply of various nutrients,
including oxygen, to tumor cells. As the tumor grows larger,
the intercapillary distance progressively increases. In addition,
probably because of progressively increasing Interstitial
pressure caused by the increasing tumor cell population , tumor
blood vessels are compressed, and the blood perfusion ceases
intermittently or permanently resulting in intermittent or
permanent hypoxia. (High ph therapy, 2015)
Acids and genes
A normal cell produces its energy in its power stations, or
mitochondria in the presence of oxygen. In the cellular
membrane there are pumps that rely on magnesium to work
properly. The pumps push potassium into the cell and pump
out sodium. If too much sodium gets into the mitochondria, the
energy producing steps start to use sodium instead of
potassium which will still work but not as efficiently. Less
oxygen is burned and less energy produced. The waste
products will now be sodium salts, which are more ´acid´ than
potassium salts. This acidity in the power stations´
environment then makes the energy production process even
less efficient - taking in even less oxygen and producing even
less energy. Once the cell has powered down, certain DNA
repair genes (like p53) are switched off while the genes
(like ras) that tell the cell to divide rapidly still run at low
power and transformed into cancer cell. (Acid bodies and
cancer, 2015).As suggested by Mohit et al. in his extensive
review article that genetic composition of every cell of the
body is very sensitive to the changes in the extra cellular
environment (Sharma et al., 2015).
Ph and dental caries
When the blood starts to become too acidic and the supply of
alkaline buffers in the blood is insufficient to neutralize this
acidity, the blood automatically seeks out other ways to reach
pH balance. Since calcium is a very alkalizing mineral, the
body will start drawing calcium from the bones and teeth in an
effort to balance the blood’s pH levels. As the body’s acidity
increases, more and more calcium is removed from the bones
and teeth. If left unchecked over a long period of time, it can
lead to a loss of bone and teeth density which eventually leads
to osteoporosis, porous enamel and dentin which could further
lead to various types of dental caries like incipient caries,
smooth surface caries, rampant caries, the etiopathogenesis of
which has not been clearly understood till date. Thus it could
be hypothesized that changes in internal ph could be the
primary event followed by changes in salivary ph.. (The
importance of pH balance, 2015; Shafer, 2009).Thus reversing
internal ph from acidic to alkaline might reverse the dental
caries process in future but it needs further research to
validate the hypothesis. We might also find the answers for
unknown etiopathogenesis of incipient caries, smooth surface
caries, rampant caries as well.
Ph and chemotherapy
Chemotherapy works by killing all rapidly dividing cells. If the
immune system has been wiped out by chemotherapy or
34318 Tamgadge Sandhya et al. Internal ph in health and disease
radiation, cancer is bound to overrun the body even faster than
before. (Diagnosed With Cancer? Here Are 11 Effective,
Natural Strategies To Kill Your Cancer, 2015) Drugs,
medications and toxic chemicals have the effect of lowering
the pH of the body, that is the reason why there are side effects
to drugs and none of them affect a cure. When body pH drops
below 6.4, enzymes are deactivated and digestion does not
work properly. Acid decreases energy production in the cells,
the ability for the body to repair damaged cells, the ability for
the body to detoxify heavy metals and makes the body more
susceptible to fatigue and illness. (Porporato et al., 2011)
Ph and therapy
Tumour cells preferentially convert glucose and other
substrates to lactic acid, even under aerobic conditions. Since
lactic acid has a ph of 3.7 it seemed obvious that the
intracellular fluid would become acidic. It was argued, for
instance, that anticancer drugs would be more effective if they
contained ionizing groups that would cause them to be
trapped in acidic environments (Wike-Hooley et al., 1984), or
that radioresistant hypoxic cells would have a particularly low
pHi and might therefore be especially sensitive to treatments
such as hyperthermia which are known to act preferentially on
isolated cells in acidic media (Freeman et al., 1981).
Ph and reverse aging
Reverse ageing requires two separate steps: chemical and
physical. The first step is to lower the acidity of the body so
that it can dispose of acidic wastes in the blood and cellular
fluids safely and easily. The second is to physically pull out
old stored wastes into the blood stream so that they can be
discharged from the body". (Acid bodies and cancer, 2015)
Conclusion
Research shows that unless the body's pH level is slightly
alkaline, the body cannot heal itself. So, no matter what type of
modality is used to improve health problem, the modality
won't be effective until the pH level comes up. Drugs,
medications and toxic chemicals have the effect of lowering
the pH of the body, that is the reason why there are side effects
to drugs and none of them effect complete and permanent cure.
As dental caries is a diseases characterized by demineralization
of hard tissues and is strongly associated with salivary ph
imbalance which has been proved through numerous studies
.Unfortunately etiopathogenesis of few types of dental caries
like rampant caries, smooth surface caries and incipient caries
has not been explained and proved .Therefore it could be
hypothesized that internal ph could play an important role in
the initiation of dental caries ,leading to porous mineralized
tissue which facilitate microbial attack but needs further
research to validate the hypothesis. Therefore internal pH
imbalance should be considered and treated by all therapists in
treating various ailments of the body. As we understand the
role of ph balance and discover how to control it, we will
experience health at an entirely new level when molecular
world of ph balance reigns.
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