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Understanding Attitudes and Predicting Social Behavior
... Grounded in the widely accepted theory of reasoned action (Ajzen 1980;Fishbein and Ajzen 1977) and the theory of planned behavior (Ajzen 1991), the technology acceptance model (TAM) represents an extension proposed to explain human behavior. The TAM includes perceived usefulness and ease of use as two predictors of attitudes towards using a new technology (Davis et al. 1989). ...
... The degree to which people have an environmentally friendly attitude I prefer environmentally friendly mobility/delivery systems Ajzen (1980Ajzen ( , 1991, Curtale et al. (2021), Fishbein and Ajzen (1977), Fleury et al. (2017) Combined transport systems can reduce congestion and improve air quality Combined transport system is an innovative solution Combined transport systems´ environmental impacts influences my usage decision Table 1 Origin of psychological constructs and abbreviated items by the spread of the technology, user acceptance in their peer group or the improvement of their reputation through using autonomous vehicles. Applied to our framework, these findings suggest a similar relationship between gender and the mediating variables. ...
... The statements of the dimensions originally used in the UTAUT, namely performance expectancy (PE), effort expectancy (EE), social influence (SI) and behavioral intention (BI), were adapted from previous studies using this model (Fleury et al. 2017;Tran et al. 2019;Venkatesh et al. 2003Venkatesh et al. , 2012. The dimension personal attitude (PA) is extracted from different studies on the TRA, the TPB and UTAUT (Ajzen 1980(Ajzen , 1991Curtale et al. 2021;Fishbein and Ajzen 1977;Fleury et al. 2017). The dimension price value (PV) was adapted from Nastjuk et al. (2020) and Venkatesh et al. (2012). ...
The concept of autonomous combined transport utilizes autonomous vehicles for simultaneous passenger and goods transportation and is associated with a reduction in road traffic through bundling effects and economies of scale. Yet, its potential benefits particularly hinge on penetration and utilization rates. To date, few studies have explored user acceptance of systems that integrate passenger and freight flows. In this context, a research gap that is particularly evident pertains to the user acceptance of different concepts within autonomous combined transport. Extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT2), this paper examines the effects of six psychological constructs on the behavioral intention to use an autonomous combined transport system. Surveying 1040 respondents from Germany, two distinct combined transport concepts—scheduled and on-demand—were examined to identify key acceptance factors and operational peculiarities. Results from structural equation modelling show that the acceptance of autonomous combined transport systems depends on both, the operational concept as well as the purpose of use, with socio-demographic characteristics featuring different indirect effects per concept. Moreover, we find that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, price value, personal attitude, and trust are significant predictors of behavioral intention across both concepts, while the average order frequency of a potential user has a negative indirect impact on behavioral intention. Results show that an extended UTAUT2 model can conceptualize factors influencing autonomous combined transport acceptance, emphasizing the importance of investigating a user’s behavioral intention based on the specific operational concept.
... The prescience of Allport's (1935) stark, oft-quoted affirmation of the salience of attitudes to psychological theory and research cannot be overstated given the depth and breadth of conceptual and empirical attention paid to attitudes, and, by extension, beliefs, by scholars in the field for over a century (Ajzen, 2001;Albarrac� ın, 2021;Cooper & Croyle, 1984;Eagly & Chaiken, 1993;Olson & Zanna, 1993;Zanna & Rempel, 1988). This is predicated on the broad, sweeping assumption among theorists and researchers that attitudes and beliefs are central determinants of behavior (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980;Eagly, 1992;Fazio & Zanna, 1978;Fishbein, 1967) and, despite extensive conceptual concerns, caveats, and auxiliary assumptions regarding their predictive value and efficacy, research on these constructs remains intensive and broad (Albarrac� ın & Johnson, 2019;Hagger, 2025). The research has resulted in considerable progress in attitude theory, particularly with respect to belief conceptualization and measurement, the proposed mechanisms by which beliefs relate to action, and the candidate moderating conditions of belief-behavior associations (Albarrac� ın, 2021;Fabrigar et al., 2019). ...
... By extension, we also concur with the predictions of their proposed theoretical framework that outlines some general principles underpinning the sequence of processes involved in the role of beliefs as behavioral determinants, which also makes clear the prescient role of individualized belief specificity and, importantly, the necessity of tying specific beliefs to salient goals for optimal behavioral prediction. Further, we also, consequently, agree that researchers interested in belief-based behavioral determinants, such as the constituent, but generalized, belief-based constructs of the numerous social cognition theories that have been applied to behavior (e.g., Ajzen, 1991;Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980;Bandura, 1986;Fishbein et al., 2001;Rogers, 1975;Rosenstock, 1974;Triandis, 1977), would do well to focus greater attention on the individualized specific beliefs, and the goal-relevance of those beliefs, in their conceptual descriptions, measurement, and predictive research. However, although Granados Samayoa and Albarrac� ın acknowledge prior research that has focused, to some extent, on identifying separable, specific beliefs, we take this opportunity to suggest how some of the extant research provides indirect support, albeit with some caveats, for their contention and highlights some of the issues they propose, but also paves the way for future research that may provide more direct evidence. ...
... That said, a concern we had with their framework implied in the cited statement is the conspicuous absence of specification or description of the determinants implicated in the formation of beliefs and the associated processes involved. Of course, we acknowledge that processes inherent to belief formation is not the focus of the proposed framework, and also recognize that many other predictive models adopting a belief-based, social cognition approach are also inherently focused on behavioral prediction and not purposed to provide descriptions of belief origins (e.g., Ajzen, 1991;Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980;Bandura, 1986;Fishbein et al., 2001;Rogers, 1975;Rosenstock, 1974;Triandis, 1977). However, theorists recognize that developing comprehensive behavioral explanations and advancing behavioral science necessitates augmentation and updating of prior theories to fill deficits (Ajzen & Kruglanski, 2019;Albarrac� ın et al., 2024;Hagger, 2009Hagger, , 2025Montaño & Kasprzyk, 2015;Pekrun, 2024). ...
... Despite important past research, the cognitive processes that lead from a particular belief to a behavior are not fully understood. According to Ajzen and Fishbein (1980), beliefs are integrated into an expectancy-value-type summary that shapes attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control. Frequently, people's attitude toward vaccination stems from the sum of the beliefs, like those pertaining to vaccines preventing disease and causing side effects, each weighted by each outcome's desirability. ...
... Alternatively, they may think of one belief and choose to act on it, but this belief may remain separate from other beliefs that can guide this or related behavior. This paper addresses the issue of what motivational and cognitive processes make beliefs consequential for behavior, a problem that prior research on behavioral prediction has circumvented by simply recognizing that beliefs vary in "salience" and that only salient ones affect attitudes or other behavioral determinants (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). ...
... One can speculate about the reasons why researchers have not sufficiently addressed the processes linking a belief to behavior. Ajzen and Fishbein (1980), for example, created a model to predict behavior from attitudes, norms, and perceived behavioral control. As such, they were not interested in explaining the cognitive processes at play, nor were they interested in understanding why or whether a particular belief affected behavior (Albarrac� ın & Wyer, 2001;Albarrac� ın, 2002). ...
... Two theories are combined into one single theoretical model to investigate the factors driving online political participation among young adults: the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) [18] and the Civic Voluntarism Model (CVM) [19]. Through a survey administered to young adults in a European country (ages [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], constructs related to attitudes, subjective norms, psychological engagement, social interactions, and resource accessibility are measured. ...
... Two theories are combined into one single theoretical model to investigate the factors driving online political participation among young adults: the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) [18] and the Civic Voluntarism Model (CVM) [19]. Through a survey administered to young adults in a European country (ages [18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30], constructs related to attitudes, subjective norms, psychological engagement, social interactions, and resource accessibility are measured. The proposed theoretical model is evaluated using partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM), allowing us to assess complex relationships between these predictors and online political engagement. ...
... The TRA [18,20] serves as the model's backbone and explains political participation in terms of behavioural intention, while the CVM [19] provides a robust explanation of the social dynamics that underpin the norms and psychological factors underlying political attitudes and subjective norms. By integrating these models, we capture both the individual decision-making processes driving political engagement and the broader social influences that reinforce or challenge such behaviours. ...
This study examines the factors driving online political participation among young adults by integrating the Theory of Reasoned Action and the Civic Voluntarism Model. Structural equation modelling was applied using survey data from 236 young adults to analyse the relationships between attitudes, subjective norms, psychological engagement, political interactions, and resource availability. The findings indicate that attitudes and psychological engagement—comprising political interest, efficacy, and involvement—are the primary drivers of online political participation. In contrast, subjective norms and resource availability have no significant effect, suggesting that online engagement is primarily self-motivated rather than influenced by social expectations or material constraints. Furthermore, political interactions shape subjective norms, but these norms do not significantly impact participation intentions. This study contributes to understanding youth political engagement in digital environments by demonstrating that intrinsic psychological factors outweigh external influences. The findings have practical implications for strategies aimed at increasing youth political participation through social media, emphasising the need to foster political interest and efficacy rather than relying on peer influence or resource provision. By refining existing models of political engagement, this research provides a clearer framework for understanding and enhancing youth participation in democratic processes through digital platforms. Doi: 10.28991/ESJ-2025-09-02-05 Full Text: PDF
... Subjective norms regard the perceived social pressure from significant others (the referent group) on approving or disapproving an individual behavior (Ajzen 1991). Subjective norms are influenced by normative beliefs, that is, what the referent groups think one should do and how much the individual is motivated to comply with those important others (Ajzen and Fishbein 1980;Ramayah et al. 2013;Thakadu et al. 2013). The greater the knowledge self-efficacy, the more the individuals perceive a favorable subjective norm regarding knowledge sharing. ...
... The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), developed by Ajzen in 1985 and further refined in 1992 after initial conceptualization with Fishbein (Ajzen and Fishbein 1980) serves as a persuasive model that delves into the intricacies of human behavior by examining the interplay between intentionality and outcomes. In its pursuit of explaining human behavior, the TRA investigates the connection between individuals'perceived attitudes and the resulting behavioral outcomes, all grounded in their personal expectations (Ajzen 1992). ...
... Yeboah (2023) reports that the theory of reasoned action dominates in terms of theoretical support in the literature on KS because this is a behavior that requires critical reflection. The rational approach to human behavior shaping its outcomes posits that an individual's intention to engage in a specific behavior is the sum of two empirical factors, under cognitive weights: their personal attitude towards performing that behavior and the collective subjective norm within their social group that pertains to it (Ajzen and Fishbein 1980;Hassan et al. 2016). ...
Despite a wealth of literature on knowledge sharing (KS), there is a lack of integrative models testing its theoretical foundations in articulation with other antecedents. The current study uses a meta-analysis approach to investigate the theoretical underpinnings of KS by examining the application of the Theory of Reasoned Action and the contributions of trust and self-efficacy as antecedents of individual attitudes, group subjective norms, behavioral intention, and KS behavior after previously published 48 studies (n = 13,345). The study provides an insight that combines a motivational and cognitive perspective, exploring trust as an extrinsic motivator and self-efficacy as an intrinsic motivator for knowledge sharing. Contextual influences on KS phenomena are considered through moderators, including industry knowledge intensity and national rank on the Global Knowledge Index, aiming at understanding further contextual influences shaping KS in different settings. Methodological influences are also addressed as moderators (effect size, type of data collection tool used and the kind of individuals in the sample). Results reveal significant positive associations between the main variables and moderators. The study contributes theoretically and practically to the understanding of KS, recognizing limitations and expanding on future research that can further study KS as a dynamic organizational behavior.
... The Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB), which stemmed from the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) proposed by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980), has been regarded as one of the most critical theories for evaluating an individual's Content courtesy of Springer Nature, terms of use apply. Rights reserved. ...
... The attitudes of an individual are a set of positive or negative beliefs affecting their behavioural intention (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). Therefore, attitude refers to the degree of a person's favourable or unfavourable evaluation of his/her behaviour (Ajzen, 1991). ...
... Therefore, attitude is a key determinant that affects the intention to perform a particular behaviour. The willingness to participate in a specific behaviour depends on the individual's attitude towards knowledge sharing; this limits the scope of behavioural intention to rational actors (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). Hence, attitudes towards knowledge sharing can be regarded as the extent to which individuals positively share their knowledge within organisations (Cho & Park, 2022;Chow & Chan, 2008;Erden et al., 2012;Huang et al., 2008;Iqbal et al., 2011;Lin, 2007;Lin & Huang, 2013;Seba et al., 2012;Tsai et al., 2012). ...
Since Taiwan's economy is dominated by small and medium-sized enterprises, the formation of virtual teams is even more important for Taiwanese companies due to the impact of COVID- 19. Hence, this study draws on the virtual team climate and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB). However, it also adds pluralistic ignorance (which stems from social cognitive bias arising from universal behavioural adherence to social norms) as a key inhibitor to explore factors affecting the quantity and quality of knowledge-sharing behaviour through knowledge management systems (KMS) in virtual teams. A field survey of 528 employees from 72 companies in Taiwan and working in virtual teams was analysed utilising partial least squares structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM) to evaluate the outcomes empirically. The findings show that the virtual team climate, perceived behavioural control, and subjective norm still positively affect knowledge-sharing behaviour. However, more surprisingly, the moderating effect of pluralistic ignorance dampens the positive relationships between (1) the intention to share knowledge and knowledge-sharing behaviour and (2) the virtual team climate and knowledge-sharing behaviour within virtual teams. Finally, in addition to the practical implications for managers of knowledge-intensive companies who are keen to adopt virtual teams, this study provides several theoretical and managerial implications for relevant managers and academic researchers.
... Il n'est pas rare d'observer dans la littérature l'utilisation interchangeable entre « durable » et « vert » conduisant à un manque 2 La pression sociale perçue par l'individu à adopter ou non le comportement du groupe des pairs correspond à l'évaluation que se fait l'individu à effectuer ou non le comportement des groupes de référence (amis, familles, voisins, collègues, camarades, conjoints, etc.). Elle est de nature sociale (Ajzen et Fishbein, 1980). 3 Le déterminisme décrit une situation où les phénomènes sont fatalement causés par un enchainement d'antécédents, suivant un modèle théorique de causes à effets. ...
... Chacune des composantes de cette théorie peut être mesurée directement, par évaluation du comportement cible, ou indirectement, par évaluation intermédiaire des croyances comportementales (Giger, 2008). La mesure indirecte nécessite en pratique une étude pilote préalable pour identifier les croyances comportementales, normatives et de contrôles associées au comportement étudié (Ajzen et Fishbein, 1980 ;Fishbein et Ajzen, 2010 Intéressons-nous à présent à la mesure de l'attitude. Elle peut être évaluée directement ou indirectement (Giger, 2008). ...
... Selon la théorie du comportement planifié, le comportement humain est guidé par trois types de considérations nommées : attitude, norme subjective et contrôle comportemental perçu. Ces considérations déterminent l'intention comportementale qui, à son tour, est la cause directe du comportement (Ajzen et Fishbein, 1980). L'attitude est l'évaluation favorable (positive) ou défavorable (négative) liée à l'accomplissement ou non d'un comportement par une personne (Ajzen et Fishbein, 1980). ...
The illegal exploitation of wood and cocoa is one of the vectors of deforestation and forest degradation in the tropics, but benefits a large number of players, including urban consumers. Changing the purchasing behaviour of the latter could bring about significant changes in the illegal trade in these products. To meet this challenge, measures focusing on consumer demand for products free from illegal deforestation have been the subject of numerous studies in Western countries and more recently in emerging economies. Sub-Saharan Africa is still little affected by this consumption, but it is expected to increase in the medium and long term. In order to accompany this change, it is crucial to understand the origin of the motivations that may lead African consumers to acquire these products on national markets. We used a behavioural economics approach to explore the determinants of the intention and act of purchasing products without illegal deforestation in Cameroon. Analyses of 463 respondents in the sawnwood market and 703 respondents in the cocoa market using propensity score matching and structural equation modelling led to two main results. Firstly, we found that respondents with higher levels of environmental attitude, perceived social pressure, past purchasing behaviour, education and exposure to campaigns are more likely to intend to purchase illegally deforestation-free timber and to respond to awareness-raising policies on sustainable supply chains. Secondly, we have shown that the status quo is the most important determinant of the act of buying chocolate without illegal deforestation. This implies that for most buyers, sticking to old consumption habits and avoiding change is an economically rational way to avoid the transaction costs of change. This study provides a first estimate of the origin of the motivations for purchasing products without illegal deforestation and facilitates the development of social 'nudges' capable of promoting this type of consumption in sub-Saharan Africa. We discuss the theoretical and practical implications of our results in behavioural economics and applied economics on sustainable consumption in developing countries.
... Karena fitur desain termasuk dalam kategori variabel eksternal dalam paradigma Ajzen dan Fishbein (1980), mereka tidak dianggap memiliki efek langsung pada sikap atau perilaku, melainkan hanya memengaruhi variabel-variabel ini secara tidak langsung melalui manfaat yang dirasakan dan kemudahan penggunaan yang dirasakan. Mengikuti model Ajzen dan Fishbein (1980), hubungan-hubungan dalam model ini dianggap bersifat linier. ...
... Karena fitur desain termasuk dalam kategori variabel eksternal dalam paradigma Ajzen dan Fishbein (1980), mereka tidak dianggap memiliki efek langsung pada sikap atau perilaku, melainkan hanya memengaruhi variabel-variabel ini secara tidak langsung melalui manfaat yang dirasakan dan kemudahan penggunaan yang dirasakan. Mengikuti model Ajzen dan Fishbein (1980), hubungan-hubungan dalam model ini dianggap bersifat linier. ...
Perkembangan teknologi mengubah bisnis perusahaan dengan efisiensi digitalisasi, seperti PLN yang beralih ke aplikasi PLN Mobile untuk layanan listrik, aplikasi ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan jangkauan konsumen dan menyediakan layanan terkait jaringan listrik, termasuk transaksi pra bayar dan pasca bayar. PLN berhasil menghilangkan kantor fisik di beberapa kota seperti Surabaya, namun kendala muncul di daerah pedesaan karena masalah jaringan internet dan sumber daya manusia. Penelitian ini menerapkan technology acceptance model (TAM) dengan mempertimbangkan kegunaan, kemudahan penggunaan, sikap pengguna, minat pengguna teknologi, dan sudut pandang pengguna. Hasil analisis TAM diharapkan mampu mengatasi kendala penerimaan teknologi PLN Mobile dan mendukung strategi untuk meningkatkan penggunaan aplikasi ini, memberikan manfaat efisiensi layanan listrik bagi konsumen, serta memperkuat pelayanan PLN kepada konsumen.
... Amin, Rezaei dan Abolghasemi (2014) mengungkapkan bahwa persepsi kegunaan adalah sebuah landasan utama untuk memeriksa dan menilai penerimaan seorang pengguna terhadap teknologi yang ada. Persepsi kegunaan biasanya mengacu pada persepsi pengguna tentang apakah melakukan tugas teknis tertentu akan memerlukan upaya mental pada diri seseorang (Ajzen dan Fishbein, 1980). Davis (1989) mengungkapkan bahwa persepsi kegunaan merupakan sejauh mana seseorang percaya bahwa menggunakan sistem tertentu akan meningkatkannya kinerja pekerjaanya. ...
... Amin, Rezaei dan Abolghasemi (2014) mengungkapkan bahwa persepsi kegunaan adalah sebuah landasan utama untuk memeriksa dan menilai penerimaa n seorang pengguna terhadap teknologi yang ada. Persepsi kegunaan biasanya mengacu pada persepsi pengguna tentang apakah melakukan tugas teknis tertentu akan memerlukan upaya mental pada diri seseorang (Ajzen dan Fishbein, 1980). Davis (1989) mendefinisikan persepsi kegunaan (perceived usefulness) merupakan tingkatan kepercayaan seseorang terhadap penggunaan suatu subjek tertentu yang dapat memberikan manfaat bagi orang yang menggunakannya. ...
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel persepsi kemudahan dan persepsi kegunaan terhadap kepuasan dan kepercayaan konsumen, serta variabel kepuasan konsumen terhadap kepercayaan. Pengujian dalam penelitian ini menggunakan 258 responden metode yang digunakan untuk pegambilan sampel adalah non probability sampling. Dalam penelitian ini analisis yang digunakan dalam pembuktian hipotesis adalah analisis linear berganda menggunakan program SPSS versi 23.0. Dari keempat variabel tersebut membentuk lima hipotesis, hasil dari analisis kelima hipotesis tersebut yaitu persepsi kemudahan memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepercayaan dan kepuasan konsumen serta persepsi kegunaan memiliki pengaruh postif signifikan terhadap kepercayan dan kepuasan konsumen, yang terakhir kepuasan konsumen memiliki pengaruh positif signifikan terhadap kepercayaan.
... The TAM is one of the most recognised and robust models for explaining the acceptance of new technologies. The model, proposed by Davis (1989), is based on the theory of reasoned action (TRA) of Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) and the theory of planned behaviour (TPB) of Fishbein and Ajzen (1975). The TRA proposes that an individual's intentions toward a certain behaviour are determined by his/her attitudes. ...
... Jeong & Shin, 2020;Shin et al., 2021). Drawing from the TAM (Davis, 1989), TPB (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975), and TRA (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980) perspectives, one's behaviour can be predicted by behavioural intention, which is in turn influenced by attitude towards the behaviour. As the present research adopts the TAM to explain the adoption of STTs, we consistently propose the following hypothesis: H12: Tourists' intentions to use STTs are directly and positively related to their actual use of these technologies. ...
... The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), developed by , provides a robust framework for understanding human behavior, including teacher performance in educational settings. TRA posits that an individual's behavior is directly influenced by their behavioral intentions, which are shaped by attitude toward the behavior and subjective norms (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). In the context of teaching, a teacher's performance is largely determined by their attitudes toward teaching effectiveness, student engagement, and professional responsibilities (Teo, 2011). ...
... The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA), developed by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980), posits that an individual's behavior is driven by their intention to perform the behavior, which in turn is influenced by their attitudes and subjective norms. Applied to teacher performance, TRA suggests that teachers' behaviors-such as effective teaching practices, student engagement, and professional development-are largely determined by their attitudes toward these behaviors and the perceived expectations from their colleagues, students, and school administration. ...
This empirical study examines the relationship between teacher satisfaction, motivation, and teaching performance in Papua Pegunungan Province, Indonesia. The study aims to understand how various factors contributing to teacher satisfaction and motivation impact their teaching effectiveness in this region. Using a mixed-methods approach, quantitative data were collected through surveys measuring teacher satisfaction, motivation levels, and perceived teaching performance, while qualitative insights were gathered through interviews with teachers and school administrators. The study reveals that factors such as job security, professional development opportunities, and work-life balance significantly influence teacher satisfaction, while intrinsic motivation factors like passion for teaching and student outcomes play a crucial role in enhancing teaching performance. The findings suggest that improving teacher satisfaction and motivation through targeted policies and support structures can positively affect teaching quality in Papua Pegunungan. This research contributes to the broader understanding of teacher dynamics in remote areas of Indonesia and offers practical recommendations for educational policy reforms.
... The theoretical model of Technology Acceptance (TAM) proposed by Davis (1985) and Davis et al. (1989) explains the factors involve in the innovations' adoption, and it is widely used to make predictions about the acceptance and use of innovative technologies as blockchain (AlShamsi et al., 2022). This theoretical framework is based on the theory of reasoned action proposed by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980), in which the determinants of conscious behavior are analysed (López-Bonilla and Bonilla, 2006;Rondan et al., 2015). In TAM, there are two fundamental constructs that focus on user perception: (i) perceived usefulness of the technology, and (ii) perceived ease of use, both of which directly influence the behavioral intention, as shown in Figure 2 (Venkatesh and Davis, 1996). ...
... Strongly Disagree, 2. Disagree, 3. Neither agree nor disagree, 4. Agree, 5. Strongly agree). This scale was based on the operational definition of these variables as proposed by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) and was also utilized and validated in the study by Yu et al. (2025) on farmers' adoption of smart technologies. ...
In 2022, the EU coordinated action “From the Hives” (Honey 2021–2022) revealed that 46% of imported honey in the EU did not comply with the “Honey Directive” and is suspected of adulteration. Nowadays the blockchain ecosystem is a digital technology that could be used to trace honey, assisting in fraud reduction and ensuring the authenticity of the botanical and geographical origin of the honey. Nevertheless, its implementation is limited by stakeholders’ acceptance, particularly beekeepers’ decisions. With the aim of identify principal factor affecting beekeepers blockchain adoption, this study applied two theoretical models at the farm level, related to technology adoption: The Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) and the Technology Adoption Model (TAM). In both models, an additional construct identified as digital maturity was included, analysing their impact on the intention to adopt blockchain through the PLS-SEM method. General findings show that all constructs of both extended models influence the intention to adopt blockchain. Especially, the extended TAM model showed better results than extended TPB according to the explained variance (64.0 and 62.0% respectively). In these models, the perceived behavioral control of TPB and the usefulness perception of TAM were the major predictors of intention to adopt blockchain. Moreover, the digital maturity of farmers was a pivotal factor in enhancing the adoption of such innovations. The findings indicated that implementing blockchain necessitates the provision of training and resources to enhance beekeepers’ competencies, thereby augmenting their trust and proficiency in utilizing digital technologies. Furthermore, the creation of user-friendly interfaces is critical for acceptance, emphasizing the importance of a collaborative process between blockchain designers and beekeepers.
... Previous literature has established strong links between healthy purchase intention and consumer purchase behavior, particularly in the context of healthy and sustainable products. The Theory of Planned behavior (20) and the Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980) posit that behavioral intentions are immediate precursors to behavior. This relationship becomes particularly relevant in the context of healthy products, as consumers increasingly seek to translate their health and environmental consciousness into concrete purchasing actions. ...
Understanding consumer behavior toward healthy food
consumption is essential for promoting sustainable and health-conscious
dietary choices. Previous studies based on the Theory of Planned behavior (TPB)
have highlighted the role of attitude, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral
control in shaping purchase intentions. However, the extent to which additional
factors, such as price sensitivity, willingness to pay, and health consciousness,
influence these decisions remains unclear, particularly in emerging markets.
Therefore, this study aims to develop a predictive model to assess the intention
to consume healthier products. It is based on the variables of attitude and
perceived purchasing control from the Theory of Planned behavior while also
incorporating key factors related to sustainability, health, and nutrition. This
research addresses the growing need to understand consumer behavior in the
context of healthy and sustainable food choices
... This mechanism is consistent with the theory of planned behavior, which aids in comprehending how individuals create intentions to engage in a particular behavior. In this regard, individuals' perceptions of crises are an important component in shaping attitudes, and consequently, the behavioral intention (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980). ...
This study examines cross-country differences in consumer evaluation processes during ambiguous product-harm crises, focusing on response strategies and corporate reputation. Two experiments with 2x2 between-subjects factorial designs were conducted. Study 1 explored the emotional path using data from Türkiye, while Study 2 investigated the functional path with U.S. data. Results show that, in collectivistic and high uncertainty avoidance cultures (Türkiye), blame attributions and negative emotions mediate the effect of response strategies on 1 repurchase intention. In individualistic and low uncertainty avoidance cultures (USA), functional evaluations mediate the process. Additionally, corporate reputation moderates both conditions, with variations depending on consumers' levels of uncertainty avoidance and individualism/collectivism.
Öz
Çalışma, kaynağın belirsiz olduğu kusurlu ürün krizlerinde tüketici değerlendirme süreçlerindeki ülke kaynaklı farklılıkları kriz yanıt stratejileri ve kurumsal itibar üzerinden incelemektedir. Bu amaçla 2x2 denekler arası faktöriyel tasarıma sahip iki deney gerçekleştiril-miştir. Deney 1, Türkiye verisi toplanılarak duygusal süreci; Deney 2, ABD verisi ile fonksiyonel süreci araştırmıştır. Bulgulara göre, ko-lektivist ve belirsizlikten kaçınma düzeyi yüksek kültürlerde (Türkiye), suç atıfları ve olumsuz duygular, kriz yanıt stratejilerinin tekrar satın alma niyetine olan etkisine seri aracılık etmektedir. Bireyci ve belirsizlikten kaçınma düzeyi düşük kültürlerde (ABD) ise bu sürece fonksiyonel değerlendirmeler aracılık etmektedir. Ayrıca, kurumsal itibarın düzenleyici rolü tüketicilerin kolektivizm/bireycilik ve belir-sizlikten kaçınma düzeylerine bağlı olarak deneyler arasında farklılık göstermektedir.
... Subsequently, the TRA was expanded to incorporate Perceived Behavioural Control (PBC), which specifically focuses on the influence of confidence on behaviour. PBC has a significant influence on purpose and conduct, as stated by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980). This new approach (TPB) was found to be associated with the Hypothesis of Planned Behaviour. ...
The phrase 'digital marketing' typically denotes the practice of promoting products or services using electronic means. Digital advertising and marketing serve the purpose of not only expanding the market reach but also facilitating client or consumer engagement (Becker et al., 2017). Over time, the competitive market and rapid innovation require the use of the internet for advertising and marketing tactics, including the creation of virtual marketing structures and the management of clients (Voramontri & Klieb, 2019). Efforts should be made to Francis et al. 379 utilise ingenious techniques to rate and attract a distinctive collection of customers through virtual advertising and marketing. The purpose of this paper is to look at the effect of digital marketing on consumer buying behaviour in Nigeria. In this research, we have four hypotheses to explore the effect of digital marketing on consumer buying behaviour. The evaluation is founded upon the feedback received from 385 participants. Information is gathered via a questionnaire. The regression analysis reveals that each of the four independent variables significantly influences client shopping behaviour. This helps with digital advertising and marketing by utilising customer purchasing behaviour from an administrative standpoint.
... Imagine Grace Ann theorizes that attitudes cause intentions to perform behaviors (e.g., Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980;Fishbein, 1980;Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975, 2010. Limited to indirect testing, she can test her theory with auxiliary-assumption-grounded attitude and intention measures by determining whether their scores correlate meaningfully. ...
Because they sometimes conflate basic and applied research goals, social scientists rely on problematic null hypothesis statistical testing (NHST) to decide their empirical studies' theoretical and practical implications. For basic social science research, population predictions based on single studies provide insufficient evidence for deciding a tested theory's truthfulness and usefulness. Whether or not such studies can contribute to practical decision-making, their predictions must meaningfully augment that theory's support. In contrast, applied social science research for public policymakers and regulators must present predictions in a way that improves practical decision-making. As a result, gain-probability (G-P) analyses rather than NHST and effect size calculations can better inform theoretical and practical decisions regardless of research type. Furthermore, the theoretical and practical issues addressed by adopting G-P analysis can be considered within a larger philosophical context.
... Berdasarkan theory of reasoned action (TRA) oleh Ajzen dan Fishbein (1980), niat adalah dianggap sebagai faktor penting dalam hubungan antara sikap dan perilaku. TRA adalah dirancang untuk lebih memahami hubungan antara sikap, niat dan perilaku. ...
Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai pengaruh religiusitas intrinsik dan sertifikasi halal terhadap niat beli produk kosmetik pada generasi Z. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kuantitatif, teknik pengambilan sampel purposive sampling, dan teknik analisis data dengan menggunakan structural equation modeling yang diolah dengan program AMOS. Hasil penelitian dari 240 responden yang merupakan konsumen produk kosmetik menunjukkan bahwa religiusitas intrinsik dan sertifikasi halal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap kesadaran halal, religiusitas intrinsik dan sertifikasi halal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat beli, kesadaran halal berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap niat beli.
... The Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA) was proposed by Ajzen and Fishbein (1980) who postulates that attitude and subjective norms are the main structures that explain behavior. Later on, the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) was investigated by adding perceived behavior to the TRA in the hope of increasing its predictability by taking into account a discretionary element in this theory. ...
The number of studies exploring attitudes toward local food is limited but growing. This research aims to fill the gap by testing food consumption value as a second-order construct and assessing its impact on attitudes toward local food, locavorism, and the intention to purchase local food. Additionally, the study examines the conditions that may influence the effect of food consumption value. The study sample consists of participants aged 18 and older who consume local food. The research model was analyzed for validity, reliability, and structural relationships using Smart PLS statistical software. The findings indicate that taste and quality values are significant in shaping attitudes toward local food, whereas price and prestige values did not have a positive effect on these attitudes. Moreover, the study shows that positive attitudes toward local food increase the intention to purchase it. Lastly, the elements of lionization and communalization were found to reinforce both positive attitudes toward local food and purchase intentions, while the element of opposition did not demonstrate this effect.
... Norma subyektif terbentuk dari keyakinan individu akan aturan normatif yang dianutnya selama ini. Keyakinan normatif terbentuk dari empat faktor yaitu tingkat pendidikan yang dimiliki individu, usia atau kelamin individu, etnis, dan agama yang dianut individu tersebut (Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980). Norma subyektif dapat memberikan tekanan kepada individu atas dilakukan atau tidaknya sebuah perilaku. ...
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh moral judgment terhadap minat beli produk counterfeit, pengaruh norma subyektif terhadap minat beli produk counterfeit, pengaruh self-regulatory efficacy terhadap minat beli produk counterfeit, pengaruh idolatry terhadap minat beli produk counterfeit, pengaruh peer preference terhadap minat beli produk counterfeit dan pengaruh minat beli terhadap pembelian aktual produk counterfeit. Dalam penelitian ini populasinya adalah semua mahasiwa Universitas Islam Indonesia dengan sampel yang diambil sebesar 190 responden. Metode analisis data menggunakan SEM. Hasil penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa moral judgment berpengaruh negatif dan signifikan terhadap minat pembelian produk counterfeit, sementara norma subyektif, self-regulatory efficacy, idolatry, dan peer preference berpengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap minat pembelian produk counterfeit.
... They assume that behavioral intention is the most elevated predictor of behavior, shaped by attitude toward the behavior and social normative insights in that wise. Following the definition of the underlying beliefs (behavioral and normative), intentions, and behavior and their measurement (Fishbein & Ajzen, 1975;Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980;Ajzen, 1991), they have demonstrated that it is significant to "have a high degree of correspondence between measures of attitude, norm, perceived control, intention, and behavior in terms of action" (for example, report a crime), target (for example, a criminal), context (for example, the Yoruba space), and time (for example, in the next twelve months). An alteration in these elements will produce a different behavior from what this effort explains. ...
... In accordance with the idea of logical action, one of the emotive elements that directly determines behavioral interest (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). It is clarified that the Theory of Reasoned Action evaluates and predicts actual human behavior using characteristics associated with the intention to leave (Wulansari et al., 2022). ...
Aim: In addition to examining the mediating impacts of organizational commitment and The Joy of Working as a Nurse at a Type C Hospital in Surabaya, this study examines the effects of workload, job stress, and work-life balance on nurses’ intentions to quit their positions.Methodology: This survey involved 194 nurses from Category C hospitals in Surabaya, with a total of 130 replies. Convenience sampling was the method employed, with a maximum quota established for each facility. Consequently, A total of 130 people responded to the survey. There were 32 male nurses and 98 female nurses, most of whom were between 25 and 30 years old. were gathered from the sampling.Findings: TThe computation analysis’s findings demonstrate that job satisfaction, workload, and stress all positively but marginally influence turnover intention. Job satisfaction is positively but marginally impacted by job stress. Workload has a slight but positive impact on turnover intention. The results of the mediation show that workload and intention to leave cannot be mediated by the relationship between job stress and job satisfaction.. According to the study’s findings, severe stress and burden would lower job satisfaction but won’t be able to considerably lower the intention to leave. Furthermore, the analysis’s findings demonstrate that organizational commitment significantly reduces turnover intention, Organizational commitment is strongly and positively influenced by quality of work life, while turnover intentions are negatively but not significantly influenced. This suggests that the relationship between nurses’ turnover intentions and quality of work life is somewhat mediated by organizational commitment.
... Theory of Reasoned Action (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980) menjelaskan bahwa perilaku seseorang, termasuk produsen, dipengaruhi oleh niat yang terbentuk dari sikap dan norma sosial. Sikap positif terhadap suatu tindakan serta dukungan lingkungan sosial akan memperkuat niat untuk melakukannya (Ajzen, 1991;Eagle et al., 2013). ...
This study focuses on examining the impact of halal certification, product quality, and marketing strategy on the sales of Home Industry food products. A descriptive quantitative approach was adopted to analyze the relationship between variables. Data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 170 respondents who were food product business actors Home Industry in Sariwangi District, Tasikmalaya Regency, West Java Province. The collected data were analyzed using the Structural Equation Modeling method with a Partial Least Squares (PLS-SEM) approach. The results show that both halal certification and marketing strategy have a significant positive effect on sales of Home Industry food products. Meanwhile, product quality does not show a significant effect on sales. The study also indicates that halal certification has the strongest influence on sales compared to the other variables.
... In an attempt to clarify the acceptance or rejection of any technology Davis (1989) through the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) focused on perceived usefulness and ease of use. Many years of research in the field of information technology and systems stem from many competing models and Venkatesh et al. (2003) formulated, tested, and validated, the Unified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology (UTAUT) which was a combination of the Theory of Reasoned Actions (TRA; Ajzen and Fishbein, 1980) TAM and Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB; Ajzen, 1991). ...
This study aims to explore how and why human resource analytics, which involves using data analysis for HR-related decisions, is being adopted by Indian IT companies. It also seeks to understand the challenges faced in implementing these analytics and which analytical tools are commonly used. To achieve these goals, researchers collected and analyzed 478 responses from individuals working in the Indian IT industry. They used a software called AMOS version 21.0 to test their ideas. This software helps researchers understand relationships and patterns in data. The study found that certain factors, called “antecedents,” influence the adoption of HR analytics in IT organizations in India. It also revealed that problems with data, such as not having enough data or having data of low quality, were significant challenges in using HR analytics. Additionally, the research showed that many professionals in the Indian IT industry prefer using analytical tools like R and Power BI for HR analytics. The results of this study have important implications for businesses and HR professionals. By understanding the factors that influence the adoption of HR analytics, companies can make better decisions about how to implement these practices. Recognizing the challenges related to data quality and quantity can help organizations address these issues. Knowing which analytical tools are popular can guide companies in selecting the right tools for their HR analytics needs. Overall, this research provides valuable insights that can facilitate the adoption of HR analytics in various industries, not just in India. It’s important to note some limitations of this study. The research focused specifically on the Indian IT industry, so the findings may not apply equally to other sectors or regions. Additionally, the study used a specific software (AMOS version 21.0) and analyzed a specific number of responses (478), which could limit the generalizability of the results. Further research in different contexts and with larger samples may be needed to confirm these findings more broadly.
... Past studies have also utilized a combination of Technology Readiness (TR) and TAM models (Basgoze, 2015;Lin et al., 2007;Lin and Chang, 2011) to forecast new technology acceptance (Alharbi and Sohaib, 2021). Davis (1989) and subsequently improved upon by Featherman and Pavlou (2003), Venkatesh and Davis (2000), and Venkatesh et al. (2003), originates from the "Theory of Reasoned Action", which explains behavioral changes after new technologies have been accepted by their end users (Fishbein and Ajzen, 1980;Nadeem et al., 2021). Two constructs of TAM which drive the behavioral intention of customers are perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness (Roca et al., 2006). ...
Purpose
This study aims to investigate how behavioral and cognitive factors, i.e. banker stereotypes and human values, impact the adoption and acceptance of cryptocurrencies. It addresses a research gap in the literature by examining non-economic factors that shape attitudes toward cryptocurrency from the perspective of behavioral finance. First, we investigate how banker stereotypes and human values impact the perceived usefulness and ease of use of cryptocurrencies. Second, we examine how demographic factors moderate the link between banker stereotypes and the adoption of cryptocurrency across different clientele segments. By emphasizing the role of behavioral elements, this study intends to provide deeper insights into the factors that influence cryptocurrency adoption.
Design/methodology/approach
This research utilizes a quantitative method with an online questionnaire to collect data from a diverse sample of 291 individuals in France. Validated scales are used in the questionnaire with a 7-point Likert format to measure cultural values, banker stereotypes and components of the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). Pre-tests and procedural measures, such as anonymity, were conducted to address potential common method bias. Data analysis involved partial least squares–structural equation modeling to investigate links within a sophisticated model comprising 16 constructs and 44 items. The sample, balanced in gender, age and education, primarily comprised traditional bank customers with various economic profiles. The methodology of this study effectively combines robust sampling, validated tools and complex analytical techniques to explore key links in financial services.
Findings
The study shows that both banker stereotypes and human values significantly affect the perceived ease of use and perceived usefulness of cryptocurrencies, which in turn influence their acceptance. Specifically, the formal clothing of bankers (reflecting seriousness) shows a positive influence on perceived usefulness. The paternalistic stereotype has a negative relationship with both ease of use and usefulness. The partner stereotype shows a positive effect with a key moderating factor from generational differences: for Gen X and Y, the partner stereotype has a negative influence on perceived usefulness, whereas for Baby Boomers, it has a positive influence. Human values exhibit an influence on stereotypes, with the four selected values being hedonism, self-direction, stimulation and security.
Research limitations/implications
Since the study was conducted in France, the findings may lack generalizability across countries with different legal approaches to cryptocurrency sales. Additionally, it investigated customer perspectives without involving insights from sellers or bankers. Moreover, the age range did not include younger demographics like Generation Z, who may be important future buyers.
Practical implications
The implications are significant for behavioral finance practitioners, cryptocurrency vendors and the banking sector. The findings validate the TAM by incorporating banker stereotypes and human values, emphasizing their influence on the perceived ease of use and usefulness of cryptocurrencies. In the field of marketing and sales strategies, the findings underline the importance of customizing approaches to variables related to customers, such as stereotypes, values and generation. For example, marketing and sales strategies may be adapted by emphasizing security and minimizing hedonistic elements, and client segmentation should be based on generation. Altogether, these elements suggest that banks could be legitimate vendors of cryptocurrencies.
Social implications
This study enlightens us on the social factors impacting cryptocurrency adoption, emphasizing how stereotypes, generational differences and values influence perceptions. By addressing these social dimensions, the study highlights the potential to close the gap between traditional finance and new technologies, aiming to develop broader societal acceptance of digital finance and better access to financial technologies.
Originality/value
While the extant literature mainly focuses on economic, technical or legal aspects of cryptocurrencies, this research sheds light on the influence of behavioral and cognitive factors, i.e. banker stereotypes and human values, as antecedents of cryptocurrency adoption. Hence, it changes the conversation from rational financial calculations and technical and regulatory issues to the cognitive and behavioral factors that impact cryptocurrency decisions. Furthermore, this study investigates the nexus between human values and stereotypes and how generational differences moderate the relationships between stereotypes and the TAM. The combination of these factors is original in providing a new understanding of cryptocurrency adoption.
... The theory posits that an individual's behavioral intention is primarily influenced by two factors: attitude toward the behavior and subjective norms. In the context of tourism, a tourist's intention to visit a destination is shaped by their attitude, which reflects their overall evaluation of the place, and subjective norms, which involve perceived social pressures from family, friends, or society (Ajzen & Fishbein, 1980). Several studies have applied TRA to tourism behavior, demonstrating that positive perceptions of eco-tourism destinations-such as environmental sustainability, cultural uniqueness, and destination attractiveness-can significantly enhance tourists' visit intentions . ...
Eco-tourism is gaining prominence as a sustainable approach to tourism development, especially in regions with rich natural and cultural resources. This study explores the factors influencing tourists' intentions to visit eco-tourism destinations within cities in Papua Pegunungan Province, Indonesia. Using an exploratory approach, this research examines key determinants such as environmental awareness, destination attractiveness, local community engagement, and infrastructure availability. Data were collected through surveys and interviews with potential tourists and stakeholders. The findings suggest that perceived environmental benefits, unique cultural experiences, and accessibility significantly impact tourists' visit intentions. The study also highlights challenges in eco-tourism development, including infrastructure limitations and the need for greater community involvement. These insights provide valuable implications for policymakers, tourism planners, and local stakeholders in enhancing eco-tourism initiatives. The study concludes with recommendations to strengthen sustainable tourism strategies and improve tourist experiences in Papua Pegunungan Province.
... Comme nous avons pu le constater précédemment, l'attitude est un concept central pour comprendre l'intention selon le modèle d' Ajzen (1991). Il s'agit de la disposition d'un individu à agir favorablement ou défavorablement à un objet, une personne, une situation ou un événement (Ajzen et Fishbein, 1980). Elle s'apparente à la notion de désirabilité perçue du modèle de Shapero et Sokol (1982) qui exprime le degré d'attrait qu'a un individu pour l'acte d'entreprendre (Krueger, 1993 Hypothèse 1 : « L'attitude à l'égard du comportement entrepreneurial a un impact positif sur l'intention entrepreneuriale des doctorants ». ...
The issue of entrepreneurship development, especially among young students, has always been an active topic. The complexity of the phenomenon requires an analysis of the factors likely to explain it, namely in the economic and socio-cultural context of emerging countries like Morocco. The present paper raises the question of the entrepreneurial intentions of doctoral students in Morocco in a context marked by a global economic and health crisis. Entrepreneurial intention is at the center of different research approaches in the field of entrepreneurship (trait approach, facts approach, process approach). This has attracted the interest of researchers to understand the process by which entrepreneurial intention is formed. Thus, several models have been developed and implemented to frame this process. Along with the evolution of models of intention, there is a growing interest in the development of entrepreneurship in universities and particularly in the entrepreneurial intention of university students and graduates. Therefore, for the sake of analyzing the entrepreneurial intentions of doctoral students in a Moroccan university, the present article is based on the two main models, the model of the formation of the entrepreneurial occurrence (Sokol and Shapero, 1982) and the theory of planned behavior of Ajzen (1991). Based on a literature review, the formulation of our conceptual framework allowed us to elaborate the hypotheses and research model. Empirically, a survey was carried out on a sample of 152 PhD students from different disciplinary fields. The structural equation method through the PLS approach was used to test the validity of our hypotheses. The main results then demonstrate the impact of social norms and behavioural control on the entrepreneurial intention of PhD students.
Preventive healthcare behaviour involves voluntary actions by consumers to maintain health and reduce lifestyle disease risks. This article explores individual and social factors driving primordial preventive healthcare behaviour and its impact on subjective well-being. Using a mixed-method approach, the proposed primordial preventive healthcare behaviour model identified digital health information seeking, health consciousness, social support, health literacy, self-efficacy, response-efficacy and health value as key antecedents to primordial preventive healthcare behaviour, which positively influence subjective well-being. Data from 406 urban Indians were analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modelling to test the framework. Nine relationships were significant, with the seven factors explaining 25.3% of the variance in primordial preventive healthcare behaviour adoption. Importance-performance map analysis confirmed response-efficacy as the most important, and health literacy as the highest-performing predictor. Primordial preventive healthcare behaviour significantly impacted subjective well-being ( β = 0.379), explaining 14.3% of its variance. Multi-group analysis showed gender moderated certain relationships. This study offers significant academic, practical and policy-level contributions. It extends the preventive healthcare behaviour model by integrating digital health information seeking, health literacy, social support and subjective well-being. It highlights the need for targeted digital health campaigns to improve health literacy and grassroots engagement. The findings provide strategic insights for policymakers to enhance public health awareness and preventive initiatives. Promoting primordial preventive healthcare behaviour can lower healthcare costs and improve societal well-being.
The main purpose of this study was to examine students’ attitudes as a predictor of poor performance in Social Studies in Colleges of Education in Benue State. The study was guided by two specific purposes and two research questions. The literature review was presented and discussed under conceptual framework, theoretical framework, Empirical studies, and summary of the literature review. The study adopts a correlational research design. The study was conducted in Colleges of Education in Benue State, Nigeria. The population of the study is 900 comprises all Social Studies students in three Colleges of Education in Benue State. A sample size of 300 students were selected from different Colleges of Education using a stratified random sampling technique. Two instruments were used for data collection: Students’ Attitude Towards Social Studies Questionnaire (SATSSQ) and Students' Academic Performance Scores (SAPS). To ensure the validity of the instruments, the researcher submitted the drafted items to three lecturers, first to two experts in Social Studies Department, School of Arts Social Science and one expert in Measurement and Evaluation, the reliability of the SATSSQ was determined using Cronbach's Alpha reliability coefficient. A pilot study will be conducted, and a reliability coefficient of 0.70 and above was considered acceptable. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, and percentage) was used to summarize students' attitudes and academic performance. Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation (PPMC) was used to test the relationship between students' attitudes and their academic performance. Simple Linear Regression Analysis was used to determine the extent to which students' attitudes predict their academic performance. The Findings of the study reveals among other that many students have a negative perception of Social Studies, viewing it as boring, irrelevant, or less prestigious, leading to low motivation and poor academic performance, and the research confirms that students’ attitudes significantly predict their performance in Social Studies. Based on the findings, it was recommended among others that teachers should integrate problem-solving, debates, fieldwork, and technology-based learning to increase student interest.
Promoting healthy aging through physical activity (PA) is crucial as the global population grows older. Traditional interventions often fail to engage older adults, underlining the need for personalized, timely approaches. Smartphone‐delivered PA interventions can offer personalized support during opportune moments for behavioral change. The current study examined whether the receptivity of inactive older adults influences compliance with mHealth walking suggestions after inactivity, and explored their experiences with it. Thirty healthy older adults (mean age 73.9 years) participated in the study and answered event‐based EMA questionnaires via HealthReact after each 30‐minute inactivity period. Emotions, physical complaints, intention, self‐efficacy, perceived walking, and environmental permissiveness were assessed. Walking suggestions followed each EMA, and semi‐structured interviews were conducted post‐study. Multilevel logistic regressions in R were applied, and qualitative data were thematically analyzed using NVivo. Results show that higher intention, self‐efficacy, and environmental permissiveness positively correlated with compliance, while higher perceived walking negatively correlated. Participants generally found the suggestions motivating and well‐timed, but some reported increased alertness and pressure. Consequently, tailoring interventions to individual needs and targeting receptive moments can enhance compliance and promote healthier aging through increased PA. Future mobile interventions should consider self‐efficacy, intention, prior activity, and environmental conditions to improve effectiveness.
In technology-enhanced learning (TEL), students’ positive cognitions and affects towards technology play a crucial role in promoting their adoption of deep approach to learning. This study, based on the construct of students’ attitudes toward technology and the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), aims to explore the relationship between Chinese middle school students’ cognitive and affective component factors of technology and their adoption of deep approach to learning in environments where information technology is deeply integrated into educational teaching. Participants were selected using a convenience sampling method. A total of 645 questionnaires were distributed and 634 valid questionnaires were recovered, with a valid recovery rate of 98.3%. The hypothetical model linking cognitive and affective factors with the deep approach was constructed and validated using structural equation modeling (SEM). The research findings included the following two parts: (1) Technology knowledge as a cognitive factor is a positive predictor of deep approach, while technology readiness does not have a direct predictive effect on deep approach. (2) Interest and perceived importance as affective factors have varying degrees of mediating effects between cognitive component and deep approach. These results suggest that enhancing students’ technology knowledge and increasing students’ positive experiences in technology learning can increase the use of deep approach in technology-enhanced learning environments (TELEs). Teachers should promote students’ technology knowledge in a variety of ways and create environments that promote positive experiences to guide students to actively use technology for deep learning.
Work motivation of employees is a factor that greatly affects the success of the organization, and affects the production and business efficiency of the Economic Group. The article aims to apply behavioral theory to explain the working motivation of employees in enterprises of the coal industry in Vietnam. To achieve the research objectives, the article uses a combination of qualitative and quantitative research methods. With 365 valid questionnaires included in the synthesis and analysis, three factors in the theoretical model of planned behavior have been identified that have a positive influence on the employee's work motivation including attitude for work, subjective norms, perception of behavioral control and the author provides some policy implications in enhancing the working motivation of workers in the coal industry in the coming time.
This study explores the challenges and opportunities of integrating Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) in the professional field. It focuses on understanding the transformative potential of online courses to foster motivation and develop professional skills. The study includes data from distinct experiences of online training in Morocco. The results indicate that online training offers substantial advantages in terms of cost-effectiveness and increased autonomy in the development of professional skills. However, its effectiveness in this development varies depending on specific job requirements and the nature of the targeted skills. The study emphasizes the need for tailored approaches to the adoption of e-learning, highlighting the importance of trainee satisfaction and alignment with professional requirements.
According to the 2024 report of the World Tourism Organization (UNWTO), this activity is one of the main pillars of the economic development of a place, since the inhabitants of a region are the beneficiaries of multiple benefits such as the reduction of unemployment or the improvement of infrastructure. The sustainability of a place through alternative forms of soft tourism development that have a significant positive impact on the lives of its inhabitants becomes a key objective. Literary tourism, a soft form of this activity, is one of the most sustainable forms of this activity as it is developed in areas with a strong cultural identity. It introduces visitors to tangible and intangible cultural heritage sites and promotes the promotion of elements that are often not visible at first sight. Particularly when books are shown on the big or small screen, the tourist destination acquires an additional dynamic as the traveller chooses to visit an area on the basis of the location where his or her favourite book was filmed. In this article, through a literature review and a survey of 150 people, an attempt is made to understand how a tourist following an author's book or a TV series based on it could support the sustainability of a place. What are the reasons that create new avenues for promoting a region and which are based on the sustainability offered by literary or film tourism. For this particular case, the author Andrea Camilleri and the much-loved Inspector Montalbano, a favorite of many readers, are used as an example, acting against the backdrop of Sicily. Sustainability and literary tourism Sustainable development aims to improve people's living conditions by following a model that supports future generations to develop their economy in a socially sustainable
Understanding the drivers of green consumption behavior is crucial for promoting sustainable practices among households. This study explores the key factors influencing green consumer behavior, including environmental awareness, subjective norms, attitudes, green promotional activities, and household characteristics. By examining their interactions and the mediating role of consumer intention, this research provides a comprehensive perspective on how these elements shape household consumption choices. These findings highlight the significant impact of environmental awareness and subjective norms on shaping green consumer intentions, which, in turn, drive actual behavior. This study offers insights for policymakers and businesses to design targeted strategies that encourage sustainable consumption habits. Practical implications include the need for awareness campaigns, community engagement, and supportive policies to foster green consumer behavior.
This study aims to investigate the influence of brand attributes on consumer purchase decisions regarding modular kitchens in Chennai. Utilizing a descriptive research design, data were collected through a structured questionnaire administered to decision-makers in the purchasing process. Statistical analyses, including correlation and multiple regression, revealed a significant relationship between brand attributes and purchase decisions. Key findings indicate that product quality, appearance, features, usage imagery, and brand personality positively influence consumer choices, while price has a negative impact. The study concludes that understanding these brand attributes is crucial for marketers to enhance consumer engagement and drive sales in the modular kitchen market. The implications suggest that brands should focus on improving quality and customer perception to foster loyalty and increase market share.
Industry 4.0 concepts have recently significantly supported transparency and reliability in every industrial sector. Organizations must adapt their traditional paradigms and approaches to align with market demands. Hence, developing a framework that can change these conventional approaches with fresh ideas is essential. The Industry 4.0 (I4.0) readiness model presents a creative concept that holds promise for the entire organizational and industrial value chain. Existing research focused only on technological, organizational, and environmental aspects. However, in process-extensive industries, like the sugar sector, the process is critical and considerably impacts the business. So, providing a strong framework for such sectors is necessary. The novelty of this paper is putting a process dimension in the TOE framework, which is critical for sugar industries. The study develops the extended framework to assess readiness. Experts have validated the framework as the study enhances it by adding process dimensions. Practitioners can apply the modeling concept to study the readiness framework in various sectors. Consequently, essential findings and recommendations drive the discussion forward. The study highlights opportunities for cross-disciplinary research across sectors.
As global climate change intensifies, effective communication strategies to drive public engagement are crucial. While frame theory has yielded valuable insights, existing research often overlooks the role of influential organizations within specific socio-political contexts. This study examines how nonprofit environmental organizations communicate climate change within a region characterized by extractive industries and political conservativism. Through thematic analysis of in-depth interviews, we found that economic and scientific frames are commonly used. However, respondents identified frame alignment—tailoring messages to resonate with local concerns, fostering audience connection, and establishing trust networks—as key to effective engagement. This alignment enables organizations to bridge scientific imperatives with community values, navigating structural barriers to address shared concerns across environmental and socio-economic systems. Our findings suggest that static framing approaches may provide limited guidance for climate action, underscoring instead the need for adaptable, relational communication strategies. By centering on the experiences of active practitioners, our study bridges research and practice, revealing the limitations of traditional framing models and the advantages of dynamic communication approaches. We advocate for further research on framing processes to inform climate communication practices in similarly complex contexts, enhancing the practical application of frame theory to inspire climate action.
This research aimed to examine the factors influencing tax compliance decisions among Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in Harare CBD. The objectives were to identify the determinants of tax compliance, understand the perceptions of SME operators regarding tax compliance, analyse the association between tax compliance determinants and behaviour, and propose tax procedures to encourage voluntary compliance for Zimbabwean small businesses. To achieve these objectives, a mixed-method research strategy was employed, collecting data from 128 participants through questionnaires and interviews. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis tools were utilized, with data analysis conducted using MS Excel packages. The findings indicated that tax compliance determinants among SMEs in Harare CBD include tax morality, tax fairness, tax complexity/simplicity, availability of tax information, tax awareness, trust in authorities, and power in authorities. Furthermore, the study revealed that SMEs perceive tax compliance as crucial for their success and reputation, although it is seen as burdensome. Adhering to tax regulations can provide SMEs with a competitive advantage. The research also highlighted that the tax compliance behaviour of peers significantly influences individual SMEs, while the complexity of tax regulations hampers motivation to comply. Therefore, simplified processes and improved education initiatives are recommended. Policymakers and tax authorities are advised to promote tax morality, fairness, and transparency while regularly reviewing and updating regulations. Enhancing tax information availability and awareness initiatives are also suggested. SMEs and business associations should raise awareness about the importance of tax compliance and learn from the behaviour of compliant peers to create a positive compliance culture. Advocating for simplified tax regulations and improved education initiatives is crucial to alleviate the burden of tax compliance for SMEs. This research provides valuable insights into the determinants of tax compliance among SMEs in Harare CBD and offers recommendations for policymakers, tax authorities, and SMEs to improve compliance levels and alleviate challenges.
Amid the pervasive integration of AI technologies across societal and industrial domains, understanding users’ trust in these systems becomes increasingly crucial. This study addresses the growing need to understand users’ trust in Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) and explores the societal implications of this type of trust. Based on the socio-technical systems theory, this work employs the FAT (Fairness, Accountability, Transparency) framework and humanness factors of AI, anthropomorphism, social presence, and emotions, as antecedents of users’ human-like trust, which is proposed to influence users’ attitudes, perceived performance, and behavioral intentions. Structural equation modeling analysis (N = 244) reveals that fairness significantly enhances trust, while accountability and transparency do not. Social presence and emotions positively impact trust, whereas anthropomorphism shows no significant effect. Furthermore, trust shapes users’ attitudes, perceived performance, and behavioral intentions toward GenAI systems. This study contributes to the AI adoption and user trust literature by illuminating the main antecedents of human-like trust and showing its impact on user acceptance from a social-technical perspective. Beyond the academic contribution, this research highlights the broader societal relevance of user trust in GenAI, particularly regarding public concerns over black box issues and humanness features of GenAI systems.
This article explores the theoretical architecture underpinning consumer protection enforcement in Zambia, with a particular focus on the integration of behavioural theory, jurisprudential traditions, and legal regulatory paradigms. Drawing on the Theory of Planned Behaviour (TPB) by Fishbein and Ajzen, the Preventative Control Paradigm, and the normative divergence between Legal Positivism and Natural Law Theory, this review interrogates the philosophical undercurrents guiding consumer protection law. A doctrinal and socio-legal methodology is employed to map the theoretical basis of consumer rights enforcement and its legal legitimacy in the Zambian context. The TPB provides a behavioural framework for understanding consumer complaint intentions and actions, while the preventative control versus reactive paradigm offers contrasting regulatory logics for consumer redress and legal intervention. The article also dissects the jurisprudential tension between positivist and natural law traditions in legitimising consumer rights and law enforcement. It concludes that Zambia’s regulatory model must harmonise behavioural realism with legal idealism by integrating normative justice, social facts, and proactive governance to promote meaningful consumer welfare.
This study investigates the moderating effect of language attitude on the relationships among social media addiction, social pain, and internet trolling among college students. A sample of 891 students from various colleges and universities completed validated measures assessing their levels of social media addiction, social pain, internet trolling, and language attitude. Using a latent variable approach within a multigroup structural equation modeling (SEM) framework, participants were divided into three groups (high, medium, and low language attitude) based on their language attitude scores. The SEM analysis revealed distinct patterns across groups. In the high language attitude group, both social media addiction and social pain significantly predicted internet trolling, with standardized regression coefficients of 0.564 and 0.728, respectively. In the medium language attitude group, the predictive effects remained significant; however, the magnitude of the coefficients decreased markedly (0.264 for social media addiction and 0.562 for social pain). In contrast, in the low language attitude group, neither social media addiction nor social pain emerged as significant predictors of internet trolling. Interestingly, the covariance between social media addiction and social pain remained consistent across the three groups, suggesting a stable interrelationship irrespective of language attitude level. These findings imply that language attitude plays a crucial moderating role in the interplay among social media addiction, social pain, and internet trolling. Specifically, higher levels of language attitude appear to amplify the effects of social media addiction and social pain on internet trolling behavior, while lower levels attenuate these associations. The results underscore the importance of considering individual differences in language attitudes when developing intervention strategies aimed at mitigating problematic online behaviors among college students.
This study investigates factors influencing green investment intention among Gen Z investors, focusing on how green investment knowledge moderates these factors. Using the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), it examines the impact of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control on sustainable investment decisions. A survey of 385 purposively selected Gen Z investors provided demographic data and key study variables. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with Smart-PLS 4.1 analyzed relationships among green investment knowledge, attitudes, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and investment intention. Results reveal that attitude and perceived behavioral control significantly influence green investment intentions, whereas subjective norms do not. Green investment knowledge enhances the impact of attitudes on intentions but does not significantly moderate subjective norms or perceived behavioral control. These findings emphasize the importance of knowledge in fostering positive attitudes toward sustainable investments while suggesting that social influences and perceived control are less critical. The study highlights the need for financial literacy initiatives and awareness campaigns to encourage sustainable investment behaviors. It offers valuable insights for policymakers, financial institutions, and educators aiming to promote green investments and contributes to academic literature on knowledge's role in green investment decisions, particularly in emerging economies.
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