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Guía de Peces de Limoncocha.
Abstract
Este aporte, es un complemento que usado adecuadamente permitirá develar las interrelaciones
y nichos ecológicos de cada organismo del humedal con los peces; de este modo, se podría
llegar a determinar si las acciones humanas como la pesca y el turismo representan competencia
o están generando presión o estrés en especies clave del ecosistema como el caimán negro y
caimán blanco, animales que a lo largo de su ciclo de vida dependen de los peces como parte
importante de su dieta, siendo controladores del equilibrio poblacional de especies de peces y
otros organismos asociados a este ecosistema.
No descartamos la presencia de otras especies que durante nuestras jornadas de campo no
fueron colectadas. Muchos de los nombres científicos que utilizamos en estas páginas de seguro
cambiarán cuando la ictiofauna del Ecuador sea mejor conocida. A pesar de ello, presentamos la
primera muestra a color que se haya realizado sobre peces de esta reserva.
El producto que aquí entregamos, está abierto a todo tipo de observación, aporte, crítica, etc.,
que procure la generación de conocimiento científico como principal herramienta del cambio
para un mejor futuro en nuestro país. Esperamos que sea de su utilidad.
... To facilitate the intercultural relations and guide the research, our team included three experienced ethnoichthyologists who have been working with the Ecuadorian Kichwas in the Amazon for years (Iván Jacóme-Negrete and Lida Guarderas-Flores since 2001, and Carolina Carrillo-Moreno since 2012) and have published many scientific and technical documents (Jácome-Negrete, 2012Valdiviezo-Rivera et al., 2012;Jácome-Negrete and Guarderas-Flores, 2015;Carrillo-Moreno, 2017). Their knowledge about the Kichwa culture and their relationship with fish was crucial to facilitate data collection and interpretation. ...
... This starting point facilitated many of the previous steps that ethnobiological research needs to solve, like: making personal connections before entering the community, gaining the trust of the local inhabitants, agreeing to terms of the collaboration with the community and obtaining previous informed consent (Argueta et al., 2018;Medinaceli, 2018). The long and successful experience of some of the authors working in the Amazon with other Kichwa people (Jácome-Negrete, 2012Valdiviezo-Rivera et al., 2012;Jácome-Negrete and Guarderas-Flores, 2015;Carrillo-Moreno, 2017) was the best way to gain the confidence of the community and facilitate the research process, thanks to the familiarity with the Kichwa culture. Investing time and effort to design the research in a collaborative way and listening to the advice and requirements of the participants, reinforced the trust and the involvement of the Kichwa community. ...
Ecology and evolution are the core disciplines that investigate the processes that generate and maintain biodiversity in space and time. The theoretical and applied studies produced in these two disciplines represent pivotal information to set conservation biology priorities. Because humans represent one of the main factors contributing to land-use changes in world ecosystems, it is essential to include them in theoretical and applied studies. However, most of the current literature in ecology, evolution, and conservation (hereafter called “biodiversity disciplines”) uses the variable “human” basically as the negative driver causing biodiversity loss. On the one hand, by including humans as the source of biodiversity loss, this literature provides relevant information to be broadly used in biodiversity management and conservation. On the other hand, disregarding that local populations depend on biodiversity for a living could hamper our ability to produce socially inclusive theories.
... The Amazon Piedmont region is characterized by rapid turnover of habitats and fishes. Despite a number of recent studies on the diversity of the ichthyofauna in the region (Barriga, 2012;Barriga, 1986;Barriga et al., 2016;Galacatos et al., 1996;Hidalgo & Rivadeneira-R, 2008;Nugra-Salazar et al., 2016;Rivadeneira et al., 2010;Rodríguez-Galarza et al., 2017;Stewart et al., 1987;Valdiviezo-Rivera, 2012), there have been no systematic reviews of the entire fauna and much remains to be learned about the ecology of most species. Much of the region lacks roads but road construction is accelerating (Articulaci on Regional Amaz onica, 2011; Charity et al., 2016), and there is a growing number of threats, including oil and mineral exploitation, deforestation and growing human populations (Lessmann et al., 2016;L opez et al., 2013;Sierra, 2000). ...
Freshwater fish communities in Ecuador exhibit some of the highest levels of diversity and endemism in the Neotropics. Unfortunately, aquatic ecosystems in the country are under serious threat and conditions are deteriorating. In 2018–19, the government of Ecuador sponsored a series of workshops to examine the conservation status of Ecuador's freshwater fishes. Concerns were identified for 35 species, most of which are native to the Amazon region, and overfishing of Amazonian pimelodid catfishes emerged as a major issue. However, much of the information needed to make decisions across fish groups and regions was not available, hindering the process and highlighting the need for a review of the conservation threats to Ecuador's freshwater fishes. Here, we review how the physical alteration of rivers, deforestation, wetland and floodplain degradation, agricultural and urban water pollution, mining, oil extraction, dams, overfishing, introduced species and climate change are affecting freshwater fishes in Ecuador. Although many of these factors affect fishes throughout the Neotropics, the lack of data on Ecuadorian fish communities is staggering and highlights the urgent need for more research. We also make recommendations, including the need for proper enforcement of existing environmental laws, restoration of degraded aquatic ecosystems, establishment of a national monitoring system for freshwater ecosystems, investment in research to fill gaps in knowledge, and encouragement of public engagement in citizen science and conservation efforts. Freshwater fishes are an important component of the cultural and biological legacy of the Ecuadorian people. Conserving them for future generations is critical.
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