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Effects of sanitizers on Listeria biofilm on contact surfaces

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... Listeria monocytogenes is food borne pathogen and is able to form biofilms on surfaces of food industry premises and the ability of L. monocytogenes to form biofilm has been reported earlier [13,14]. Vibrio parahaemolyticus is responsible for the most common Vibrio-associated, seafood-borne gastroenteritis. ...
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Sodium alginate (biopolymer) stabilized silver nanoparticles (SA-AgNPs) were synthesized and characterized by UV–vis spectroscopy, XRD, FTIR, SEM, EDAX and TEM. UV–vis spectra recorded the absorbance peak at 407 nm due to its surface plasmon resonance. XRD measurements indicated the crystalline nature of particle with various Bragg’s reflection peaks at (111), (200) (220), (311) and (222) planes. FTIR spectra showed the possible functional groups at 3443, 1616, 1384, 1092, 1209, 835 and 774 cm−1. SEM and TEM showed that the particles were spherical in shape and the size was in the range of 23 ± 2 nm. EDAX analysis showed that the weight percentage and elemental silver in the composition was 57.80. The ecotoxicity of SA-AgNPs was assessed on the freshwater crustacean, Ceriodaphnia cornuta. SA-AgNPs caused 100% mortality of C. cornuta at 40 μg L−1, whereas AgNO3 caused100% mortality of C. cornuta at 10 μg L−1. The accumulation of Ag+ by C. cornuta was increased at increasing concentration and reached 3.4 μg/g dry weight at 50 μg L−1. C. cornuta exposed to AgNO3 showed blackening of intestine at 5 and 10 μg L−1. On the otherhand, the visible uptake, ingestion and accumulation of SA-AgNPs in the intestine of C. cornuta were clearly visualized under CLSM after treated with 10, 20 40 and 50 μg L−1. The abnormal swimming, reduced heart rate and thoracic limb movement of C. cornuta were also observed after exposure to 50 μg L−1of SA-AgNPS. The synthesized SA-AgNPs were tested for its antibiofilm activity against Gram positive (Listeria monocytogenes) and Gram negative (Vibrio parahaemolyticus) bacteria. SA-AgNPs effectively inhibited the biofilm growth of L. monocytogenes and V. parahaemolyticus at 75 μg mL−1.
... Biofilms are multicellular matrices of bacteria surrounded by extracellular polysaccharides called a glycocalyx. The glycocalyx acts as a physical barrier and is strongly anionic thereby protecting the bacterial microcolony from external agents (Jeyasekaran et al., 2000). Once established, biofilms appear to have greater *Corresponding author. ...
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Pseudomonas aeruginosa has a high propensity to develop biofilms that are resistant to exogenous deleterious agents. The aim of this study was to investigate whether carvacrol and thymol can interfere with adherence phenomena as well as acting on biofilm formation. Tests of P. aeruginosa strains showed that carvacrol and thymol interferes with the starting phases of adherence as well as with P. aeruginosa biofilms. Carvacrol and thymol (2MIC) inhibition was 97 +/- 8.5 and 89 +/- 6.3% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and 72 +/- 4.6 and 69 +/- 6.8% for P. aeruginosa (CIP A22) adherence respectively. Carvacrol (2MIC) inhibition exceeds 90% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) and P. aeruginosa (IL5) biofilm. Thymol (2MIC) inhibition is 86 +/- 2.1, 54 +/- 5.9 and 70 +/- 4.3% for P. aeruginosa (ATCC 27853) P. aeruginosa (CIP A22), P. aeruginosa (IL5), respectively.
... In the past decade, several outbreaks of infections caused by L. monocytogenes have been reported from all over the world (Salamina et al., 2000), with many cases occurring in Europe (European Food Safety Authority (EFSA), 2008) and in the United States (USDA-FSIS, 2009). The ability of L. mono-cytogenes to form a biofilm has been established (Jeayasekaran and Karunasagar, 2000;Sandasi et al., 2008). This structured community of pathogens, encapsulated within a self-developed polymeric matrix, is well protected against bacterial agents and renders the organism difficult to control within the food chain. ...
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Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive bacterium, able to survive and grow in water, soil, agricultural products, various foods and the food-processing environment. The ubiquitous nature of the organism, coupled with its ability to colonise food-processing surfaces by forming biofilms, causes it to be of a major concern to the industry. Increased foodborne pathogen resistance and negative consumer perceptions regarding the use of synthetic bacteriocides, has resulted in natural antimicrobials being sourced from the plant kingdom. The listerial antibiofilm activities of Syzygium aromaticum (clove), Mentha spicata (spearmint), Lippia rehmannii and Cymbopogon citratus (lemongrass) essential oils and their major components were evaluated using the crystal violet assay and confocal scanning laser microscopy. Listerial biofilms treated with S. aromaticum or M. spicata essential oils, or the pure compounds nerol and citral, exhibited a similar biofilm biomass to the positive control. However, the essential oils of lemongrass, L. rehmannii, eugenol and R-carvone caused biofilm enhancement, rather than inhibition. L. rehmannii and lemongrass essential oils did not display any antibiofilm properties. Results obtained were confirmed by microscopic observations indicating either a reduction (inhibition) or an increase (enhancement) in biofilm biomass when exposed to the essential oils or pure compounds. The present study revealed that M. spicata and S. aromaticum essential oils as well as pure citral and nerol are good candidates for further development of ecofriendly disinfectants.
... Listeria monocytogenes is environments where microbial communities are found in a variety of food products such as soft problematic [5]. Biofilm forming bacteria persist and cheeses, dairy products raw foods, ready to eat produce after sanitation thus making biofilms a potential products and equipment surfaces [10, 11]. Listeria threat to food safety [6]. ...
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Microorganisms attach to surfaces and develop biofilms which are a concern in food and environmental safety. This study, quantified biofilms in 20 isolates viz: Listeria monocytogenes (14) and Listeria spp (6) from meat tables in Ibadan municipal abattoir, Nigeria on wood, glass and steel surfaces using crystal-violet binding assay. Listeria isolates formed biofilms on all three surfaces. At 24hours Listeria monocytogenes(SLM) formed more biofilms on wood(0.22±0.01) and glass(0.09±0.01) surfaces than Listeria spp(SLS) which was wood(0.17±0.02) and glass (0.06±0.01). But the reverse was the case on steel where Listeria spp (SLS) formed more biofilms (0.11±0.01) than Listeria monocytogenes (SLM) (0.10±0.00). A significant difference (P<0.01) exists between isolates for wood and glass at 24hours and (P<0.05) for wood at 72hours. Significant differences (P<0.05) occured in biofilms produced between 24hours and 72hours. It can be concluded that selection of suitable surfaces could reduce the ability of bacteria forming biofilms on meat contact-surfaces. This finding is very relevant in developing countries where wood is still in use as a major meat contact-surface in abattoirs.
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Introduction Food contamination with Listeria monocytogenes is on the increase posing threats to public health with growing trends in food products recalls due to suspected Listeria contamination. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study to determine the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility profiles of Listeria monocytogenes (Lm) among 71 randomly selected poultry farms in Oyo State, Nigeria. A total of 450 samples comprising cloacal swabs (426) and randomly selected dressed chicken meat (24) were cultured for Lm isolation using BrillianceTM Selective Listeria Agar with antibiotics and microbial load count with Nutrient Agar. Further identification was done using microscopic, biochemical characterization and antibiotic sensitivity tests. Data were analysed using bivariate analysis and student t-test. Results An overall prevalence of 91.8% Lm contamination was obtained comprising 91.5% (390/426) in cloacal swabs and 95.8% (23/24) in meat. The prevalence of Lm in cloacal samples was significantly associated with poultry type (p = 0.008) and breed (p = 0.000. In addition, all the flocks had at least one positive sample yielding 100% flock prevalence. Antibiotic sensitivity test revealed that most of the isolates were resistant to common antibiotics like Ampicillin-cloxacillin and cefuroxime. Conclusions The results revealed a high level of contamination with Lm in the poultry flock and meat and the observed resistance to most common antibiotics has implications for future disease control as well as public health. There is need to step up routine screening of food animal products for Listeria contamination as well as measures towards reducing such contaminations.
Article
Full-text available
Micro-organisms attach to surfaces and develop biofilms which are a concern in food and environmental safety. This study, quantified biofilms in 20 isolates viz: Listeria monocytogenes (14) and Listeria spp (6) from meat tables in Ibadan municipal abattoir, Nigeria on wood, glass and steel surfaces using crystal-violet binding assay. Listeria isolates formed biofilms on all three surfaces. At 24hours Listeria monocytogenes(SLM) formed more biofilms on wood(0.22±0.01) and glass(0.09±0.01) surfaces than Listeria spp(SLS) which was wood(0.17±0.02) and glass (0.06±0.01). But the reverse was the case on steel where Listeria spp (SLS) formed more biofilms (0.11±0.01) than Listeria monocytogenes (SLM) (0.10±0.00). A significant difference (P<0.01) exists between isolates for wood and glass at 24hours and (P<0.05) for wood at 72hours. Significant differences (P<0.05) occured in biofilms produced between 24hours and 72hours. It can be concluded that selection of suitable surfaces could reduce the ability of bacteria forming biofilms on meat contact-surfaces. This finding is very relevant in developing countries where wood is still in use as a major meat contact-surface in abattoirs.
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