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Qualitative research methods, 4th edition

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Pranee Liamputtong at VinUniversity
Pranee Liamputtong
  • VinUniversity
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CONTENTS
Qualitative Research Methods 4th Edition provides an accessible, practical guide to conducting and analysing
qualitative research. This multidisciplinary text uses relevant and engaging examples to explain methodological
issues, and shows how to use established, innovative and complex methods of research eectively.
NEW TO THIS EDITION
t New chapter: Conducting Cross-cultural Research Qualitatively
t More criminology examples throughout the book
t Examples up-dated.
Part 1: Background to Qualitative Research
1. Methodological Frameworks and Sampling in Qualitative Research
2. Rigour and Ethics in Qualitative Research
Part 2: Types of Qualitative Research Methods
3. The In-Depth Interviewing Method
4. Focus Groups
5. Unobtrusive Methods
6. Narrative Enquiry Methodology: Life and Oral History, Life Story and Biological
Research
7. Memory Work
8. Ethnography
9. Participatory Action Research
10. Qualitative Case Study Research
11. Grounded Theory Research
Part 3: Managing Qualitative Research
12. Making Sense of Qualitative Data: The Analysis Process
13. Writing a Qualitative Research Proposal
14. Writing a Qualitative Research Report
Part 4: Applications of Qualitative Research
15. Researching the ‘Vulnerable’
16. Conducting Cross-Cultural Research Qualitatively
17. Going Online: Doing Qualitative Research in Cyberspace
18. Qualitative Research: New Directions
QUALITATIVE RESEARCH
METHODS
Fourth Edition
Pranee Liamputtong holds a position of Personal Chair in Public Health at the
School of Public Health, La Trobe University.
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... The current study utilised a qualitative research design, with social constructivism as the theoretical framework, which allowed for in-depth exploration of the topic and consideration of the social processes and interplay involved in the research exercise and emerging findings [17]. ...
... Data was captured over from March to November 2020, using semi-structured interviews, allowing a guided exploration of specific areas and dialogue on issues nominated by the participant [17]. Written informed consent was obtained and audio-recorded interviews ranged in length from 30 to 60 minutes. ...
... Firstly, the lead author engaged in bracketing of her own views and position [17]. The ability to bracket and critically assess the research process and findings was enhanced by engaging in reflexive discussions with the research team, which consisted of multi-disciplinary and multi-national team members [17]. ...
A qualitative exploration of the health system responses to the screening and management of comorbid mental illness and chronic physical illness in Jamaica
Article
Full-text available
Background People with comorbid mental illness (MI) and chronic physical illness (CPI) face a range of health and quality of life challenges. The appropriate screening and management of comorbid MI and CPI are crucial to improving outcomes for this population. Despite this, there is a dearth of research exploring the health system response to the screening and management of patients with these comorbidities in public primary care settings, in several jurisdictions including Jamaica. This study explored and described the attitudes, perspectives, experiences, and practices of policymakers, primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and mental health nurses regarding screening and management of comorbid MI and CPI. Method Twenty-nine participants representing policymakers, primary care physicians, psychiatrists, and mental health nurses took part in semi-structured interviews. Data was collected over the period April to November 2020 and subject to thematic analysis. Results Three overarching themes emerged from the data related to: 1) Policies and Protocols; 2) Clinical Practice; and 3) Personnel. The interplay of these themes illustrated fragmentation and gaps between national policies and guidelines and clinical practice. The findings also identified factors related to personnel, including barriers that limit clinicians’ abilities to adequately screen and manage this patient population. Conclusion There is a need for the continued development and revision of policies and protocols that support integrated care for patients with comorbid MI and CPI in primary care settings in Jamaica. Additionally, programs and strategies to improve clinicans knowledge, skills and access to resources are necessary to help them offer improved quality of care around screening and management for this patient population.
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... Focus group discussions (FGDs) were another data collection technique that we utilized. They help explore people's knowledge and experience (Liamputtong, 2013) and examine how individuals 'collectively make sense of a phenomenon and construct meanings around it' (Bryman, 2004: 348). Moreover, FGDs help discussants 'provide checks and balances' to weed out false or extreme views (Flick, 2002: 113). ...
Citizen Journalism for Social Mobilization in War-affected Tigray
Article
Full-text available
  • Apr 2024
  • Media War Conflict
This article examines the use of citizen journalism for social mobilization in war-affected Tigray. A mixed approach was used, involving individual interviews, focus group discussions and a quantitative content analysis. The results revealed that citizen journalists provided information for community members to unite, support each other and make informed decisions. This was valuable for women and girls, as the allied forces used rape and hunger as weapons of war. Citizen journalists have inspired people to discuss war-related issues, enlightening capable individuals to join the Tigray Defence Forces. They travelled long distances to send videos and news reports to the Tigray Media House (TMH) and other news organizations abroad. The war coverage of TMH alerted the international community to undertake an independent investigation of genocide. This study contributes to our understanding of the role of citizen journalism during an information blackout, in which mobile phones were not alternative communication channels but the main sources of information.
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... Matematik öğretmenlerinin, öğrenci hatalarını gidermeye yönelik sergileyecekleri farklı öğretim yaklaşımlarıyla ilgili cevapları betimsel analiz yardımıyla incelenmiştir. Betimsel analizde nitel veriler açık, şeffaf ve sistemli bir şekilde betimlenerek neden-sonuç ilişkisi bağlamında yorumlanır ve sonuçlar temalar bakımından anlamlandırılarak geleceğe yönelik çıkarımlarda bulunulur (Berg, 2001). Çalışmada öncelikle öğrenci hatalarını gidermek için öğretmenler tarafından üretilen farklı öğretim müdahalelerine yönelik kategorilerin ve kodların belirlenmesinde literatürdeki araştırmalardan (Chick & Baker, 2005;Didiş-Kabar & Amaç, 2018;Son, 2013;Son & Sinclair, 2010) faydalanılmıştır. ...
Eğitimde Güncel Araştırmalar - VI
Book
Full-text available
  • Dec 2023
Bu kitap, eğitim bilimleri ve öğretmen yetiştirme temel alanına özgü alt disiplin alanları ile ilgili çalışmaları bir araya getirerek, bilim insanlarının güncel araştırmalarını sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Bu alanın akademisyenleri tarafından gelen yoğun talebi doğrultusunda oluşturduğumuz “Eğitim Bilimleri Araştırmaları” serimiz beş kitap ile tamamladık. Yeni serimize “Eğitimde Güncel Araştırmalar” adını verdik. Kitabımız, özellikle eğitim bilimleri ve öğretmen yetiştirme alanında araştırma yapmak isteyen akademisyenlere ilham kaynağı olmayı hedeflemektedir. Ayrıca, okurlar için faydalı bir kaynak olarak da kullanılabileceğini düşünüyoruz. Kitabın ortaya çıkmasında yazılarıyla katkı sunan yazarlara ve hazırlanmasında emeği geçen herkese teşekkür ederiz.
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... Codes were summarised into meaningful themes and original data reviewed against preliminary themes before nal themes were de ned and named. Transferability was ensured by providing detailed description of the research methods and results (23). ...
Parents attitudes towards the No Jab No Play legislation in Western Australia: a mixed methods study
Preprint
Full-text available
  • Sep 2023
Introduction: Mandates provided a relatively cost-effective strategy to increase vaccinate rates. Since 2014, five Australian states have implemented No Jab No Play (NJPlay) policies that require children to be fully immunised to attend early childhood education and childcare services. In Western Australia, where this study was conducted, NJNPlay legislation was enacted in 2019. This research forms part of a broader study to explore the influence of the NJNPlay legislation on the decision to vaccinate; and the impact of the NJNPlay legislation in Western Australia, two years after its implementation. Methods: This mixed-methods study used an online parent/carer survey (n = 261) representing 427 children and in-depth interviews (n = 18) to investigate: 1) the influence of the NJNP legislation on decision to vaccinate; and 2) the financial and emotional impacts of NJNP legislation. Descriptive and bivariate tests were used to analyse the survey data and open-ended questions and interviews were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis to capture the experience and the reality of participants. Results: Approximately 60% of parents intended to vaccinate their child. Parents who had decided not to vaccinate their child/ren were significantly more likely to experience financial [p < 0.001] and emotional impacts [p < 0.001], compared to those who chose to vaccinate because of the mandate. Qualitative data were divided with around half of participants supporting childhood immunisation and NJNPlay with others discussing concerns. The themes a) belief in the importance of vaccination and ease of access, b) individual and community protection, and c) vaccine effectiveness, safety and alternatives help understand how parents beliefs and access may influence vaccination uptake. Unintended impacts of NJNPlay included: a) lack of choice, pressure and coercion to vaccinate; b) policy and community level stigma and discrimination; c) financial and career impacts; and d) loss of education opportunities. Conclusion: Parents’ appreciation of funded immunisation programs and mandates which enhance individual and community protection was evident. However, for others unintended consequences of the mandate resulted in significant social, emotional, financial and educational impacts. Long-term evidence highlights the positive impact of immunisation programs. Opinions of impacted families should be considered to alleviate mental health stressors.
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... Examination of multiple case studies allowed for the compilation of a rigorous dataset that identified similarities and differences between sites, enhancing the generalizability of this data for the target population (Baxter and Jack, 2008). Researcher triangulation of data and results was also conducted to critically evaluate and enhance rigor and the richness of the findings (Liamputtong, 2013). Finally, data were shared with participants during member checking group discussion sessions (separately for ECE services and ECI professionals) for feedback and/or clarification. ...
Supporting service integration through early childhood education: challenges and opportunities in regional contexts
Article
Full-text available
  • Sep 2023
Introduction Children and families residing in regional Australia experience higher rates of vulnerabilities coupled with inadequate access to the early childhood health and early intervention services which pose increased risk to their health, development and wellbeing. The current study was designed to respond to the inherent complexity of supporting effective integrated service provision in regional communities, with a view to develop a model of effective service integration that leverages the capacity and opportunity of universal early childhood education (ECE) provision. Method The study adopted a qualitative multiple case study design to explore the perceptions of ECE professionals across six regional ECE services and two early intervention professionals operating from a regional early childhood intervention (ECI) organization. Data included an initial audit of the service system landscape coupled with facilitated discussions (focus groups and interviews) to identify facilitators and challenges to service integration and current patterns of service usage and engagement. Results Findings highlighted the foundational importance of relationships for establishing trust, engagement and service sustainability, as well as the need for embedding structural supports, including the professionalization of educators, the utilization of a key worker model, and staff retention. Systemic constraints, including limitations and inconsistencies in community infrastructure, program atrophy, and the complexity of referral systems, were seen to undermine effective service integration. Discussion Findings speak to the potentiality of the ECE context as a hub for effective service integration within a functional practice framework for ECE. We conclude by offering a suggested model to ensure service connections, and enhance professional capacity and sustainability.
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... The research instrument is intended as a data collection tool. (Moleong, 2018) ...
Implementation of Quality Academic Guidance Services Based on Lokal Wisdom
Article
  • Mar 2023
This study aims to determine the application of batak cultural values in improving mutu academic guidance services. To get a good quality of service can be achieved through a cultural values approach. The cultural values that will be used in this study are cultural values that exist in the Batak community. This research uses qualitative research methods with the type of case study research. Data collection techniques through interviews, Documentation Observation and Focus Group Discussion (FGD). Research Results by applying the value of local wisdom: 1. Marnonang, marsirarian, marpollung, in academic guidance activities such as Study Together, Off campuses Assignment, Joint Scientific Meetings, 2. Pantun Hangoluan, Tois Hamagoan in academic guidance through Sport and fun games, Campus Clean Up, Prayer in Turn, 3. Marsiamin aminan songon lambok ni Gaol marsitungkol tungkolan songon suhat in Roberan through Social fun activities, Do Smart to Manage Out Trash, Community Servic.The implementation of the quality of academic guidance services based on local wisdom is very good and effectively carried out so that students are more socially sensitive and pay attention to the cultural values that prevail in the surrounding environment and make students wiser in adapting.
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... In qualitative research, the thing that must be considered is the problem under study and also the focus of the research. According to Moleong (2014) the focus of research is the core obtained from the experience of researchers or through knowledge obtained from scientific literature studies. In this study, the researcher uses an appropriate method so that it can hit the target, namely by using the Van Mater and Van Horn model implementation (Hardiyansyah et al., 2015). ...
IMPLEMENTATION OF POLICY FOR HANDLING OF HAZARDOUS GOODS IN THE EFFORT TO ACHIEVE THE SAFETY AND SECURITY OF RO-RO SHIPS IN TANJUNG SILVER UTAMA KESYAHBANDARAN
Article
Full-text available
  • Mar 2022
North Jamrud Terminal, Tanjung Perak Port, Surabaya, has an operating function to accommodate passengers who will carry out embarkation/debarkation activities and coordinate vehicles that will get on or off the ship. Some of the areas that are the destination and origin of shipping services at the Gapura Surya Nusantara Passenger Terminal include Banjarmasin, Makasar, Maumere, Batulicin, Tanjung Priok, Benoa, Sampit, Kumai, Balikpapan, Waingapu, Sorong, Manokwari, Ende and several other cities. The purpose of this study is to describe and analyze the implementation of the Pilot Assessment and Vessel Verification Policy as a Guiding Assistance Facility at the Tanjung Perak Surabaya Main Harbormaster Office to the supporting and supporting factors., This qualitative research explores Policy, Handling of Dangerous Goods, Safety and Security of RO-RO (Roll On-Roll Off) Ships using Van Mater and Van Horn's theory of policy implementation. Collecting data in this study using interviews, documentation and observation. The results obtained are then collected, reduced, presented and conclusions drawn. The results obtained are RO-RO (Roll On Roll Off) Ship Transportation is very much needed by all people in various parts of Indonesia, but in its operation there are still many obstacles that must be aware of. Starting from the results of the investigation by the KNKT (National Committee for Transportation Safety) the RO-RO (Roll On-Roll Off) ship accident caught fire from the Tanjung Perak Port, Surabaya in the middle of the sea, from 2011 to 2019 as many as 5 ships indicated that they came from loaded trucks contained cargo of dangerous goods. Due to weak supervision of cargo of dangerous goods due to inadequate facilities and infrastructure, namely not having an early detection device (Xray), making it difficult for officers. Regarding the problem of the policy of handling dangerous goods cargo at the Tanjung Perak Main Harbor, it seems that it is not fully implemented, so that if it refers to the Van Metter and Van Horn theories, that the current conditions are policies for handling dangerous goods cargoes in an effort to realize the safety and security of RO-Ships. RO (Roll On-Roll Off) has not been fulfilled properly. Keywords: Policy, Handling, Cargo, Goods, Dangerous.
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Sea Transportation Business Management Patterns in South Lembeh District, Bitung City, North Sulawesi
Article
  • Jan 2022
Lembeh Island is part of Bitung City and has 2 sub-districts, namely South Lembeh District and North Lembeh District, where the economic activity of the community is very dependent on sea transportation. Papusungan Village is located in South Lembeh District. Sea transportation activities or activities are interesting because this business is a business that is mostly carried out by the people of Papusungan Village. The purpose of this research is to find out and explain how Management Pattern of Sea Transportation Business in Papusungan Village, South Lembeh District, Bitung City. The method used is the survey method. Data collection is primary data and secondary data. The sampling method is using the purposive sampling method to get a sample, namely respondents who work in the field of sea transportation in Papusungan Village. The analysis used in this research is SWOT analysis (Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, Threats) which is then explained through quantitative and qualitative descriptive analysis. The results show the management pattern of the sea transportation business, namely: 1) Improving skills in the taxi boat business because there is no rejection from the community, 2) Increasing the standard of boat comfort and safety 3 ) Development and improvement of facilities and infrastructure for sea transportation business, 4 ) Cooperation between the government and taxi boat businesses, 5 ) There is a need for boat loading standards based on boat capacity to be measurable, 6) Policies from the government to further improve regulations for passenger safety for better transportation.
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Impaired sit-to-stand is perceived by caregivers to affect mobility and self-care in children with cerebral palsy who had moderate to severe mobility limitations: A mixed methods analysis
Article
  • Oct 2022
Objective: To explore the effects that impaired ability to sit-to-stand has on upright mobility and self-care in children with cerebral palsy and how this in turn may affect their caregivers. Methods: A mixed methods research design was conducted with 25 children who had cerebral palsy with moderate to high mobility limitations (GMFCS levels III and IV) and their caregivers. Caregivers were interviewed about their child's mobility and self-care. The independence of each child's activities was rated using the mobility and self-care domains of the Functional Independence Measure for Children (WeeFIM). Results: Two themes were identified from qualitative analyses: Difficulty in sit-to-stand was perceived by caregivers to reduce their child's ability to independently and safely perform mobility and some self-care tasks; and negatively impacted the caregivers physically and psychologically. Mobility and self-care WeeFIM scores showed that these children required moderate assistance, and that self-care tasks involving sit-to-stand (toileting and bathing) required more assistance than self-care tasks that would not be expected to involve sit-to-stand (eating and grooming). Qualitative and quantitative findings were convergent. Conclusions: The ability to sit-to-stand independently may be an important precursor skill for independence in upright mobility and self-care for children with moderate to severe mobility limitations.
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“The most challenging aspect of this journey has been dealing with child protection”: Kinship carers’ experiences in Australia
Article
  • May 2022
  • CHILD YOUTH SERV REV
When children cannot live at home with their parents, a placement with relatives or family friends has become a preferred first option in many Western countries in out-of-home care systems. Whilst practised by Indigenous communities for centuries, this is a relatively new model of out-of-home care in Western child welfare systems. Kinship care has emerged as a form of care that is arguably worth investing in. It offers kin children the opportunity to remain connected to family and community. Studies suggest that kinship care results in promising outcomes for children’s education, health, and wellbeing. There is a growing awareness of kinship carers’ experiences of services designed to support them and their kin. This study aimed to investigate the experiences of kinship carers in caring for their kin children and engaging with services designed to support the kinship placement. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, including participants who had the full-time care of one or more kin children, with or without statutory child protection involvement. The nine individuals identified for in-depth interviewing were purposively selected to ensure diversity in cultural identity and geographical location across Australia. Quantitative analysis enabled the reporting of descriptive statistics and overall patterns relating to the nature of rewards and challenges encountered by carers. The qualitative component of the study design allowed for an in-depth exploration of key issues highlighted in the survey. Consistent with earlier research, kinship carers reported experiencing financial stressors and significant challenges pertaining to their kin child’s difficulties. An unanticipated finding, however, was the level of stress experienced by kinship carers in relation to their interactions with child protection and other government support services. Simply put, services intended to support the placement were experienced as disrespectful, ignoring families’ requests for help or offering a surveillance role only. For Aboriginal kinship carers, this experience of disrespect was compounded by racism and racial micro aggressions throughout the placement assessment process. Based on these findings, further investigation into child protection and other government agency practices is urgently required to assess and support kinship care placements. In the context of Australia’s legacy of the stolen generation of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, further research needs to explore culturally sensitive and safe practices that would strengthen and support kinship families to raise their children within their cultural contexts.
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