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Nutritional Value of Mulberry ( Morus alba ) Forage Harvested During Dry and Wet Seasons in Northern Ethiopia
Abstract
This study was conducted to evaluate the chemical composition, in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD) and in sacco DM and nitrogen (N) degradability of leaves and edible branches of mulberry harvested in dry and wet seasons. In sacco DM and N degradability were evaluated using three rumen fistulated crossbred steers (Boran × Friesian). The contents of CP, total ash and NDF contents of mulberry were influenced (P<0.05) by interactions between plant parts (leaves and edible branch) and season. In both the seasons, the CP and ash contents of leaves were higher (P<0.05) than that of the edible branch. For both plant parts, the CP level was higher (P<0.05) in wet season than in dry season. The fibre contents (NDF, ADF, cellulose and ADL) were higher in edible branch than in the leaves and higher (P<0.05) values were recorded for dry season. The mean IVDMD, IVOMD and metabolizable energy values were higher (P<0.05) for leaves (79.2, 74.4% and 11.9 MJ/kg DM, respectively) than for edible branch (58.2, 55.7% and 9.0 MJ/kg DM, respectively). The corresponding values during wet season were significantly higher (P<0.05) than the values during dry season. Similarly, the mean degradability values of both DM and N were higher (P<0.05) in leaves than in edible branch and these parameters were higher (P<0.05) during wet season. As the nutritive value of mulberry plant was influenced by season, plant parts and their interaction, such factors need to be considered for utilizating mulberry as alternative feed for livestock.
... Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) is composed of high concentration of platelets with high concentration of growth factors (GFs) [7]. This may help in stimulation of the proliferation of melanocytes and repigmentation within vitiliginous patches [8]. Fractional CO2 laser has been introduced as an add-on treatment of vitiligo [9]. ...
Vitiligo is an acquired skin disorder characterized by depigmented macules and patches due to the loss of functioning melanocytes in the skin, with a global prevalence around 1%. Vitiligo does not produce direct physical impairment; however, it has a negative social and psychological impact on the afflicted patients when the depigmented lesions occur in exposed areas, such as face, neck, and extremities.
Mulberry is subtropical tree., Genus: Mores, Family Moraceae, species Morus alba L This tree has three main species named for the fruit colored the best-known cultivar, white, red, and black mulberry (Morus alba, Rubra and Nigra). In our country found white mulberry and black mulberry, with Latin name is Morus alba L and Morus nigra L. Morus red don't growing in our country but have with color white to pink. Zones which grow white mulberry is Shkoder, Tirana, Durres, etc. and zones which grow mulberry is Hill zones and before mountains. In this study is evaluation some traits mainly in fruit of tree, form of fruit, color fruit, antocian, flavonaid, poliphenol. The aim of this study is to know diversity between two species of Mulberry, mulberry Alba and mulberry nigra. Mulberry Alba is deciduous, has a dense spreading crown, generally wider than high of the tree. The height of tree is 23-30 cm, have a pyra-midal shape or pyramidal shape. The leaves are light green in color, alternate, cordate. The flowers are unisexcial, greenish in color flowers. The trees are monocecious or diocious without buttre-shes (Orwa., et al. 2009). The fruit is different is small, is medium and big. In this study are analyses of some chemical indicators such as PH, humidity, Anthocyaniid, Polyphenols, Flavonoid is in fruit. Contribute to the pigment of fruit color. Anthocyanid contribute to identify of inflorescence fruit and flowers. Anthocyanid of black mulberry is 219.02 mg/LCYA 3 gluten, white mulberry don't have. Poliphenol are antioxidant are secondary metabolites of plant, for black mulberry is 2506, white mulberry is 561.7 mg/L GAE, Flavonoid for white mulberry is 23.43 mg/L, black mulberry don't have. Sugar for black mulberry is 81.2% and white mulberry is 79.6 %. The data are subjected to statistical processing.
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