Research

Conceptualising a Knowledge Assessment Framework for Effective Management and Performance in the Healthcare Sector using the Private Sector

April 2016

Authors:

The focus of this research is knowledge assessment at organisational level, using the growth models within endogenous growth theory, OECD indicators of knowledge and intellectual capital but the author believes that the framework may be used in the health sector also.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.

ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.

Article

Full-text available

Measuring impacts of academic science on industrial research: A citation-based approach

January 2006 · Scientometrics

Summary This paper introduces a citation-based metholodology to characterize and measure the magnitude and intensity of knowledge flows and knowledge spillovers from the public research sector to basic and strategic research in the private sector. We present results derived from an interrelated series of statistical analyses based on Private-to-Public Citations (PrPuCs) within reference lists of ... [Show full abstract] the research articles produced by industrial researchers during the years 1996-2003. The first part of the results provides an overview of PrPuC statistics worldwide for OECD countries. Overall, 70% to 80% of those references within corporate research papers relate to papers produced by public research organizations. When controlling for the size of their public sector research bases, Switzerland and the United States appear to be the major suppliers of 'citable' scientific knowledge for industrial research - the value of their Corporate Citation Intensity (CCI) exceeds their statistically expected value by more than 25%. A country's CCI performance turns out to be closely related to the citation impact of the entire domestic science base. The second section deals with an exploratory case study devoted to Electrical Engineering and Telecommunications, one of the corporate sector's major research areas. The findings include a list of the major citing and cited sources at the level of countries and organizations, as well as an analysis of PrPuCs as a “missing link”connection intra-science citations and citations received from corporate science-based patents.

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Book

Post-Public Employment: Good Practices for Preventing Conflict of Interest

August 2010

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD

The movement of personnel between employment in the public and private sectors, referred to as the "revolving door" phenomenon, raises particular attention in the context of the response of governments to the financial and economic crisis. This OECD survey of 30 member countries shows that the vast majority of countries have established basic standards for preventing post-public employment ... [Show full abstract] conflict of interest. But few have tailored these standards to address risk areas and professions such as regulators or public procurement officials. Enforcing standards and imposing suitable sanctions remains a challenge for many countries. The principles presented in this volume serve as a point of reference for policy makers and managers to review and modernise post-public employment policies. It is part of the pathfinding efforts of the OECD to promote public sector integrity for cleaner, fairer and stronger economies.

Article

Health care economics. Part 2: The Australian health care "jigsaw"

June 1993 · The Australian nurses' journal

In this article we look at how the health care industry is organised in Australia and make some international comparisons. First, we examine how Australia has reached the present, rather confusing set of arrangements--what the Macklin inquiry has called the health "jigsaw". Then we outline the current arrangements--how responsibilities are divided between local, state and federal governments; and ... [Show full abstract] the contribution of the private sector. Finally, we present international data to provide some comparative perspective on Australia's health care arrangements.

Chapter

Universities and the Effects of External Funding: Sub-Saharan Africa and the Nordic Countries

April 2012

Peter Maassen

There has been a growing policy focus in OECD countries on the university’s contributions to innovation and economic development. The main assumption underlying this focus, in simplified form, is that more complex and competitive economic and technological global environments require rapid adaptation to shifting opportunities and constraints. The university is expected to play a central role in ... [Show full abstract] this adaptation, since, as the main knowledge institution in any society, it is assumed to link research and education effectively to innovation. This expectation has been the underlying rationale for reforms aimed at stimulating universities to develop more determined institutional strategies and a strong, unitary, and professional leadership and management capacity that matches those of modern private enterprises. At the same time, higher-education policies have increasingly become coordinated with other policy areas, such as innovation and technology, as part of national (and supranational) knowledge and innovation policies (Braun, 2008: 234). In addition, other public and private actors have entered the higher-education policy arena, demanding to have influence in university policy matters. The underlying vision is to create a university that is dynamic and responsive to socioeconomic agendas and that gives priority to innovation, entrepreneurship, and competitiveness.

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Why Do Scandinavian Governments Employ So Many and the United States Government So Few?

September 2008 · FinanzArchiv Public Finance Analysis

Is it a sheer coincidence that the egalitarian Scandinavian countries have significantly larger government employment shares than the much less egalitarian United States? A positive correlation between equality and government employment share in the OECD indicates that it is not a coincidence. We suggest a nonlinear relation between equality and government employment share. The reason is that ... [Show full abstract] significant redistribution creates labor supply distortions, which can be mitigated by government employment, which follows decision rules that are different from those in the private sector, and by large public production. This has potentially important implications for differences in wage dispersion and unemployment among OECD countries.

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Article

Public education spending in the German Länder: adjustment to demographic shocks, politics, and cost...

January 1970

Gerhard Kempkes

In this dissertation, I examine three major aspects of Germany's education system from an empirical public finance perspective. First, I analyse the effects of strong demographic shifts by considering how the East German Länder responded to the rather dramatic decline in the number of students in primary schools (1993-2002). The demographic shock is a consequence of collapsing birth rates after ... [Show full abstract] German Reunification. Previous results from the literature, which rely on data from rather stable demographic periods, suggest that public resources are incompletely adjusted to shrinking cohort size such that large reductions in the student population translate into important increases in spending per student and not in significant reductions of public resources allocated to education. Evidence from a panel of 5 East German Länder over the 1993-2006 period suggests, however, that resource adjustments have been considerable, especially in the years when student cohorts were actually decreasing. Adjustments have been less tight in the period when student numbers stagnated such that the 50% decrease in cohort size has translated into a 25% increase in the teacher/student-ratio. Second, I test whether partisan theory can help to explain the practise of ability-tracking in West Germany. The analysis starts from the empirical observation that in the German education system – where tracking is practised very early compared to other OECD countries – the correlation of parent’s education or income with their children’s track choices is very strong. Thus, students whose parents have a high-education background have significantly higher probabilities of attending a high-ability track. Partisan theory states that political parties when in office pursue the interests of their members and electoral constituencies. Political parties representing highly educated households should therefore support the practise of ability-tracking and advocate higher education spending on the tracks for good students. Evidence from a panel of 10 West German Länder over the 1979-2006 period suggests that German political parties support tracking if they represent high-education households and oppose tracking if they represent lower educated households. The results also suggest that political parties tend to allocate public resources towards the track in which party members’ or party electorate’s offspring is overrepresented. Third, research-oriented higher education in Germany is almost exclusively provided by the public sector, which highlights the importance of measuring university cost efficiency, because market exit and entry – which ensure efficient resource use in the private sector – virtually do not exist (see e.g., Hanushek, 2002). Based on a panel of 70 German public universities over the 1998-2003 period I provide evidence about the factors that benefit efficient resource use in the German higher education landscape. I analyse whether relatively liberal university regulation improves the cost efficiency of public universities as suggested in the literature (see Aghion et al., 2008). The results show that liberal university regulation indeed contributes to more efficient use of resources. Moreover, I find that a prosperous private economic environment seems to reduce university costs.

Article

Emergence medicine. New venture capital fund to focus on developing nations in Europe

April 2001 · Modern Healthcare

M C Jaklevic

Book

Infrastructure to 2030: Telecom, Land Transport, Water and Electricity

January 2007

Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD

Energy, transport, water and telecommunications all are essential to future development and growth. However, infrastructure investment requirements over the coming decades will be massive, running into trillions of dollars. How will the needed investments be financed, given that OECD populations are ageing fast and public finances tightening? How will such factors as urbanisation, climate change ... [Show full abstract] and globalisation affect the development of infrastructures in OECD countries? And how will the role of the public sector and private actors evolve over time? These are just some of the questions this OECD report addresses in this long-term assessment of the future of infrastructures in both OECD and non-OECD countries.

Article

Achieving Electronic Connectivity in Health Care - A Preliminary Roadmap from the Nation’s Public an...

January 2004

Connecting Health

Article

Off-budget Expenditure

January 2008 · OECD Journal on Budgeting

Allen Schick

This paper, originally presented at the 1981 meeting of the OECD Working Party of Senior Budget Officials, discusses the fundamental purposes of budgeting and explores how off-budget expenditures weaken a government’s financial control. The paper gives insights on many aspects of budgeting that are still relevant today: the transformation of the public sector, the interface with the private ... [Show full abstract] sector, the scope and size of government, the role of regulation, the emergence of new organisational forms, and the use of performance objectives and long-term planning.

Article

Harnessing the private health sector by using prices as a policy instrument: Lessons learned from So...

March 2018 · Health Policy

Governments frequently draw upon the private health care sector to promote sustainability, optimal use of resources, and increased choice. In doing so, policy-makers face the challenge of harnessing resources while grappling with the market failures and equity concerns associated with private financing of health care. The growth of the private health sector in South Africa has fundamentally ... [Show full abstract] changed the structure of health care delivery. A mutually reinforcing ecosystem of private health insurers, private hospitals and specialists has grown to account for almost half of the country's spending on health care, despite only serving 16% of the population with the capacity to pay. Following years of consolidation among private hospital groups and insurance schemes, and after successive failures at establishing credible price benchmarks, South Africa's private hospitals charge prices comparable with countries that are considerably richer. This compromises the affordability of a broad-based expansion in health care for the population. The South African example demonstrates that prices can be part of a structure that perpetuates inequalities in access to health care resources. The lesson for other countries is the importance of norms and institutions that uphold price schedules in high-income countries. Efforts to compromise or liberalize price setting should be undertaken with a healthy degree of caution.

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Partnerstwo publiczno-prywatne w opiece zdrowotnej, jako obraz kształtowania się nowego ładu społecz...

January 2007

Leszek Buliński

The aim of health policy is the achievement of an opportunity for the highest health level by all people in the world. In the context of importance of economic conditions, and what follows the differences in expenditure offered by the health policy of particular countries, it is necessary to pose a question about the quality of health as well-being which is: public or private? Who should cover ... [Show full abstract] the costs of healthcare benefits and what is the social acceptance of a chosen answer? It is believed that the factors which justify the necessity of reforms indicate unequivocally the direction of realistic changes. These changes shift the weight of healthcare expenditure towards individual citizens. Moreover, the decisions concerning the choice of the services which should constitute public or private good are still valid. The political-science analysis of decision-making impotence in economic qualification of healthcare benefits is related to health insurance’s dependence on the changes in a market situation. Without the awareness of this fact and without drawing appropriate conclusions, rational policy for financing healthcare is not feasible, not only in Poland. The reform processes undertaken in the 90s in the countries of the Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) allowed to notice the differences related to financing the healthcare. Although in most of the OECD countries the healthcare is publicly funded, the differences reach the value more than ten-times bigger. The search for new system solutions, which started in Poland at the beginning of the 90s, was caused by the growing mismatch between the reported patients and healthcare employees’ needs and the potential to satisfy them. The systemic and economic transformations were connected with the revival of thinking about the necessity of the development of a strong private healthcare sector. The history of privatization changes is strictly related to the phenomenon known as the public-private partnership (PPP), a method to decrease the budget’s financial burden and to fund the purchase of equipment and properties. Thanks to the partnership, the enterprises traditionally reserved for the public sector can be implemented. The consequences of systemic transformations in healthcare policy, the shift from health maintenance organization (HMO) to the National Health Fund as a payer to healthcare providers, changes in the formation of the healthcare private sector – these are a few important determinants of realistic functioning of healthcare institutions, medical care organizations (including pharmaceutical ones) in Poland, generally speaking and referring to the regions with the Pomeranian one as its example, and Gdansk included. The author made the description of the present state and the potential of the private sector’s development the cognitive problem in his research. The private sector remains under a multifaceted influence of many factors, including the competence factors of the owners with the example of a three-year activity of the Non-State Healthcare Institution in Gdansk-South in years 2003-2005.

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Conceptualising a Knowledge Assessment Framework for Effective Management and Performance in the Healthcare Sector using the Private Sector

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Measuring impacts of academic science on industrial research: A citation-based approach

Post-Public Employment: Good Practices for Preventing Conflict of Interest

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Why Do Scandinavian Governments Employ So Many and the United States Government So Few?

Public education spending in the German Länder: adjustment to demographic shocks, politics, and cost...

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