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Psychosocial factors in the prevention of cardiovascular disease
... Work and family stress and CVD risk A vast literature suggests that work stressors are associated with CVD risk factors (Kivimäki et al., 2015;Orth-Gomér, 2016;Theorell, Brisson, Vézina, Milot, & Gilbert-Ouimet, 2015), although this research overwhelming employs male and Caucasian samples (Backé, Seidler, Latza, Rossnagel, & Schumann, 2012). Recent studies also investigate family stressors and the stress of combining both work and family responsibilities as potentially related to CVD risk factors as well Frone, Russell, & Cooper, 1997). ...
Objective: Work and family stressors may be associated with elevated cardiovascular risk factors. Methods: To assess the effects of work-to-family conflict (WTFC) on biomarkers of cardiometabolic risk, we examined 1524 extended care employees over 18 months and estimated multilevel linear models that accounted for the nested nature of the data. Results: WTFC was positively associated with BMI [β = 0.53, CI = (0.08, 0.98), p = .02 at baseline and β = 0.59, CI = (0.12, 1.04), p = .01 across the 18-month study period] and negatively with HDL cholesterol [β = −0.32, CI = (−0.57, −0.08), p = .01 across the 18-month study period]. The rate of change in BMI from baseline to 18 months increased with higher levels of WTFC as well (β = 0.08, CI = (0.03, 0.15), p = .0007). However, WTFC was not associated with other variables reflecting cardiometabolic risk, such as including blood pressure, cholesterol, glycosylated hemoglobin and cigarette smoking status. Conclusion: Findings suggest that BMI, which is linked to potentially malleable health behaviors, is more closely related to inter-role conflict than biological markers reflecting longer-term physiologic processes. These effects are exacerbated over time and may be particularly detrimental to already overweight and obese individuals.
... These factors contribute to the incidence of cardiac ischemic disease and worsen the prognosis for patients with coronary artery disease. They are the factors that affect the incidence of coronary cardiac diseases and can be an obstacle in managing and following the treatment of these diseases (de Mestral and Stringhini, 2017; Töres et al., 2015). ...
... 3,4 However, there have been no published worksite intervention studies designed to reduce hard endpoints (death, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke) by reducing occupational risk factors. 5 Such studies are hampered by difficult access to large stable working populations and the need for long follow-up times to assess these outcomes. It is often more feasible to assess CVD risk factors as endpoints (e.g. ...
This overview of systematic reviews (SR) aims to determine how the potential confounding and/or mediating effects of lifestyle habits were taken into consideration in SR examining the job strain effect on cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence. Thirteen SR were identified. Lifestyle habits were often considered as confounders (n = 8). Authors reported that the job strain and CVD association remained after adjusting for lifestyle habits (n = 6); discussed lifestyle habits as potential mediators (n = 8) and postulated a total effect underestimation due to over-adjustment (n = 4). None investigated the magnitude of this bias.
The effect of job strain on CVD is independent of lifestyle habits, supporting its causal effect on CVD. Lifestyle habits are also potential mediators. The current practice of adjusting for lifestyle habits can therefore lead to an underestimation of the total effect. Research using meditation methods is needed.
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