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A Framework for Interoperability Testing in Pan-European Public Service Provision
Abstract
A major challenge of interoperability projects and initiatives is to validate that different implementations work together and are compliant with underlying standard specifications. Interoperability testing can ensure that required end-to-end functionality is adequately fulfilled and all systems are implemented in conformity with existing standards. Adopters of standards have different methods to prove fulfillment of interoperability requirements. This often results in different efficiency, different quality and a lack of conformity. In this paper, we present the interoperability testing framework used in PEPPOL (Pan-European Public Procurement Online). The framework has supported the project well in establishing various production pilots that interoperate together in the field of e-procurement. It thereby aggregates different testing perspectives ranging from conformance testing to compliance testing and provides guidelines how to prove implementations through testing scenarios. Consequently, the key research question in this paper is how interoperability initiatives can prove that different implementations are compliant with underlying standard specifications and how interoperability can be ensured among different implementations beyond the technical approval mechanisms provided through conformance testing.
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Improved interoperability between public organizations as well as between public and private organizations is of critical importance to make electronic government more successful. E-Government Interoperability and Information Resource Integration: Frameworks for Aligned Development focuses on the integration of new technologies into digital government, generating new insights into e-government interoperability. This book will benefit systems designers, developers, and programmers in public and private software organizations who need a larger perspective of interoperability when solving technical problems.
Interoperability (IOP) is considered a critical success factor to forge ahead in the online provi-sion of public services. Interoperability frameworks shall give guidance to practitioners what to consider and to do in order to enable seamless interaction with other public authorities and clients. The well known European Interoperability Framework (EIF) and many others are designed as multi- layer models, distinguishing between technical, semantic and organizational IOP. For achieving technical IOP there are acknowledged standards; for semantic IOP recog- nized concepts and methods are available. However, aspects and characteristics of organizational IOP, although considered to be an important success factor for eGovernment projects, are much more heterogeneous and do not provide similar guidance. This paper suggests that it will be useful to separate this heterogeneous collection of organizational issues into three dimensions. In line with the assignment of standards and protocols to the technical and semantic layer, an additional layer, presently called organizational IOP, should be confined to standards and concepts dealing with the linkage of business processes and be called business process IOP. All other organizational aspects should be conceived as cross-cutting dimensions, as they refer to elements on all layers.
The lack of interoperability between ICT systems is becoming more and more a bottleneck in the collaboration and co-operation
of enterprises. Co-operating parties have to exchange business information and have to have the same understanding of the
meaning of the exchanged information and to trust both the communication itself and the validity of its contents. The paper
reviews two ISO standards, which are aiming on the interoperability issue comparing the different aspects of these standards
and introduces a new work item in standardisation, which expects support from two current European initiatives on interoperability
and others. The paper is intended to guide further standard developments by identifying current solutions and their relation
with one another.
To facilitate European Union (EU)-wide interoperability in public eProcurement, the European Commission co-funds the PEPPOL
project. PEPPOL aims at setting up pan-European pilot solutions that conjointly exist with national infrastructures. One of
the key building blocks is the Virtual Company Dossier (VCD), an electronic cross-border document container that carries attestations
and candidate statements required to evidence the fulfilment of non-exclusion and selection criteria in public tendering procedures.
The attestations and candidate statements available in the various Member States often differ in their quality, relevance
to certain criteria and format. In this contribution we present a concept to facilitate the correct mapping of national evidences
to selection and exclusion criteria of a contracting authority from a different EU Member State. We present a solution that
supports mutual recognition of diplomas, certificates or other evidence with a decision-support system called the European
VCD System.
This article examines the potential of application profiles and domain profiles as means to adapt technical specifications of data structures to particular needs. The authors argue that application profiling is better suited to increase the use of formal specifications than the creation of new specifications. The authors also describe a method to generate specific conformance test systems for machine-readable application profiles. The authors describe the respective tool set of the SchemaProf Application Profiling Tool and the Generic Test System and report on the experience of their usage in developing and introducing the IMS Common Cartridge domain profile.
In the context of enterprise applications, interoperability is the ability of a system or an organisation to work seamlessly with other systems or organisations without any special effort. This ability to interact and exchange information both internally and with external organisations (partners, suppliers and/or customers) is a key issue in the global economy. It is fundamental to the acceleration of the production of goods and services at lower cost at the same time as ensuring higher levels of quality and customisation. Despite the last decade’s many efforts to overcome interoperability barriers in industry, non-interoperability still causes an enormous cost for all business partners. Studies show that more than 40% of IT costs are devoted to the solution of interoperability problems. This book provides knowledge for cost savings and business improvement as well as new technical solutions.
Composed of over 50 papers, Enterprise Interoperability III ranges from academic research through case studies to industrial and administrative experience of interoperability. The international nature of the authorship continues to broaden. Many of the papers have examples and illustrations calculated to deepen understanding and generate new ideas.
The I-ESA’08 conference from which this book is drawn was sponsored by the Interop-VLab and the Enterprise Interoperability Center (EIC). It is also supported by the International Federation for Information Processing and various national associations.
A concise reference to the state of the art in software interoperability, Enterprise Interoperability III will be of great value to engineers and computer scientists working in manufacturing and other process industries and to software engineers and electronic and manufacturing engineers working in the academic environment.
Testing Framework for Global eBusiness Interoperability Test Beds (GITB) European Committee for Standardization
- Agreement Cen Workshop
CEN Workshop Agreement (CWA 16408): Testing Framework for Global eBusiness Interoperability Test Beds (GITB). European Committee for Standardization, Brussels (2012)
Conformance Testing and Interoperability: A Case Study in Healthcare Data Exchange
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Gebase, L., Snelick, R., Skall, M.: Conformance Testing and Interoperability: A Case Study
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Vegas Nevada, USA, 2 vols., pp. 143-151. CSREA Press (2008)
CWA 16408): Testing Framework for Global eBusiness Interoperability Test Beds (GITB)
- Agreement Cen Workshop