Article

The Juicio-de-Residencia of Antonio Apodaca, Spanish governor of the Mariana Islands, 1777

June 1997
Colonial Latin American historical review: CLAHR 6(3):279-413

Authors:

Omaira Brunal-Perry

University of Guam

Las Indias olvidadas: Filipinas y América en la cartografía imperial española

Article

Feb 2015

Ricardo Padron

Since the Philippine Islands were colonized from America, and were governed over the course of more than two centuries from the Viceroyalty of New Spain, Spanish imperial cartography tended to represent this distant colony as part of a trans-Pacific world, tied cartographically to the New World. This effort was part of a larger project of considering what we ordinarily call the East Indies as the extreme west of a Spanish hemisphere. This project appears on imperial maps constructed between Magellan’s arrival in the Philippines and the first half of the eighteenth century. This article analyzes the graphic strategies used by this project of “cartographic westernization.”

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Article

Cuban Spanish in the US context: Linguistic and social constraints on the variation of syllable fina...

January 2011 · Sociolinguistic Studies

Gabriela G. Alfaraz

Immigrants from Spanish-speaking countries bring their varieties of Spanish to the US and contribute to the ongoing development of those varieties in the new setting. In this paper, the variation of syllable final (r) is investigated in a group of Cuban immigrants in Miami. It reports on the linguistic and social factors that constrain variation of four variants (retention, assimilation, ... [Show full abstract] lateralization, and aspiration), particularly their generational and social distributions, with the goal of examining factors that contribute to negative perceptions of the island variety among Cubans in Miami (Alfaraz 2002). The findings indicated that the variants of (r) are constrained by a combination of linguistic and social factors, with following phonetic context having the strongest influence on retention, lateralization, and aspiration, but not on assimilation, on which generation had the strongest influence. For the four variants, generational differences were found: the older generation favored retention and aspiration, whereas the younger one favored assimilation and lateralization. The role of this distribution in shaping evaluations of the island variety is discussed.

Chapter

1898: the Coordinates of the Spanish Crisis in the Pacific

January 1999

María Dolores Elizalde

In 1898 Spain lost the last colonial possessions of its old Empire: Cuba, Puerto Rico, the Philippines, the Marianas, Carolines and Palau Islands. Why did it happen? It could be argued that a mistaken colonial policy and questionable economic measures pushed the colonies away from the metropolis, though not vice versa. The importance of the nationalist movements in Cuba, in the Philippines and in ... [Show full abstract] Ponape could also be remarked upon. These interlinking problems would probably have ulimately led to the independence of the colonies, but this would have happened in another way and at another time, without outside intervention and with less traumatic results for Spanish society and for the islands’ population. If the loss of the colonies occurred precisely in 1898 it was because in that year the United States decided to intervene in the colonial problems of Spain for political, economic, strategic and international reasons.

Article

Hyper-edges and Multidimensional Centrality 1 Phillip Bonacich 1

Many social transactions are supra-dyadic; they either involve more than two participants (buyer, seller, broker) or they involve important aspects of the interaction's setting, tike its timing or its location. Standard network techniques do not adequately plumb these networks. Using the concept of a hypergraph (Berge 1973), this paper shows how the concept of network centrality can be adapted to ... [Show full abstract] supra -dyadic networks. Use of the technique is illustrated with data on attacks by inhabitants of Caribbean islands on Spanish settlements in the period 1509 -1700.

Article

Full-text available

Picnogónidos capturados en las campañas Fauna I1 y Fauna I11

January 1997

Tomás Munilla

Pycnogonids collected into Fauna II and Fauna III cruises Forty eight pycnogonids belonging to 15 species were recorded from waters of 3-765 m depth on bottoms from Northern (Cantabria and Galicia zones, Fauna I1 project) and Eastern of Spain (Baleares and Columbretes islands, Fauna I11 project). All the species are known at Iberian coast except Rhynchothorax mediterraneus, wich is new for ... [Show full abstract] spanish medi- terranean and Iberian waters. Callipallene tiberi and Tanystylum conirostre are news for the North of Spain and Pycnogonum nodulosum, Callipallene phantoma and Endeis spino- sa are new records for Balearic islands.

Article

The RÓMULO project, Spanish peninsula - Mallorca (243 km, 250 kV, 2×200 MW): First Spanish HVDC link

January 2010

The ROMULO project consists of a 243 km HVDC submarine interconnection between the Spanish peninsula (municipality of Sagunto, Valencia) and the island of Mallorca (Santa Ponsa area, municipality of Calviá). Several factors make RÓMULO outstanding and challenging: it means the highest investment made by the Spanish TSO for a single project, it will be the world second power cable system in ... [Show full abstract] maximum depth (1485 mwd), and it is the first HVDC link planned in the Spanish transmission system. The configuration of the link is a bipole with metallic return, designed for a bidirectional continuous power transfer capability of 2×200 MW and a rated voltage of 250 kV DC. After the feasibility studies completed in 2006, the turn-key contracts were signed in September 2007. The three laying campaigns are scheduled for second half 2010, and the commercial operation will commence in 2011. The main motivations for this interconnection are contribute to supply the demand increase in the Balearic Islands electric system, and improve quality and reliability of supply by connecting the Islands to the Iberian Electric Market. The paper will explain the most important aspects of this project, both for the cable system and the converter stations. After a system description, the design aspects of the converter stations and main equipment will be explained, including control features and specified performances. Then, the cable designs (land, submarine - shallow and deep, FO), laying, installation and protection techniques will be presented. Finally, taking into account the usual difficulties of this kind of projects, the paper will also describe the specific design and construction constraints, and the measures taken for maximizing social acceptance and environmental integration.

Article

The Franciscan Hospital of the Philippine Islands, 16th-17th centuries

January 2011

C.S. Fuertes

From the beginning of their missionary work in the Philippines, the Spanish Discalced friars built and maintained a series of hospitals. After some general notes on poverty and suffering on the Philippine Islands during early modern times and the Franciscan response to them, the author focuses on the dealings of the Hospital of the Indigenous near Manila - also called of St Anne or, later on, of ... [Show full abstract] St Lazarus - during the late 16th and throughout the 17 th century. The survey especially presents its institutional history and its material maintenance helped by private and public donors. The essay uses various provincial chronicles of the 17th and 18th century as well as partly unpublished correspondence and royal ordinances, some of which are transcribed and given in an appendix.

Article

Two women in Spanish attire at the Davis Islands Country Club during the Verbena del Tabaco Festival

Burgert Brothers

Article

Full-text available

La hacienda pública de Filipinas hace un siglo: en torno a los problemas financieros en la colonia o...

August 1998 · Revista de Indias

Roldan Montaud

After a brief outlook at the financial situation of the Philippine Islands before the outbreak of the colonial war in the summer ofl896, this article analyzes the financial policies fallowed by the Spanish government in order to produce extraordinary means far the war. Special attention is given to the monetary problems of the Philippines and to the financial operation that took place in the ... [Show full abstract] summer of l897, originating the Philippine Treasury Debt, and to the way in which Philippine debt was dealt with after the Treaty of Paris. Después de presentar un breve panorama de la situación de las finanzas filipinas en vísperas de la guerra que se inicia en 1896, en el artículo se estudian los medios financieros que los gobiernos metropolitanos fueron arbitrando para hacer frente a las exigencias extraordinarias ocasionadas por la misma. Se dedica especial atención a los problemas monetarios del archipiélago así como a la operación de crédito realizada en 1897 que daba origen al nacimiento de la deuda del Tesoro de Filipinas. Finalmente, se dedican algunas páginas a estudiar la suerte de esta deuda tras la firma del Tratado de París.

Article

Spanish occupation and control of the Philippine Islands from 1564 through 1609 /

Dorothy Evelyn. Frazier

Submitted to the Department of History. Thesis (M.A.)--Stanford University, [19--?]

Chapter

The Philippines: Ensuring Inclusion to Community Responses to Youth Justice

January 2016

Nicamil K. Sanchez

The Philippines, formerly a Spanish colony for more than three centuries, was named after King Philip II of Spain and was subsequently taken over by the USA in the early twentieth century as its first colony. The Philippines is situated in Southeast Asia with 7,107 islands comprising three main geographical areas of Luzon, Visayas and Mindanao. It has a land area of 30 million hectares, with 15.8 ... [Show full abstract] million hectares classified as forest lands, and is considered an agricultural country (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations 2014). Filipino is the main language, while English is the second language and is used as the medium of instruction in high school and tertiary education.

Article

Full-text available

1994 A descriptive study of some Antarctic notaspidean opisthobranchs (Gastropoda), with description...

May 1994 · Polar Biology

During the expedition ANTARTIDA 9101, organized by the Spanish Oceanographic Institute to the South Orkney Islands, four specimens of notaspidean gastropods were collected. Three of them have been identified as Bathyberthella antarctica Willan and Bertsch, 1987. However, one specimen, although externally similar to B. antarctica, had an internal anatomy exhibiting features that have enabled us to ... [Show full abstract] consider it to be a new genus and species. This new taxon is characterized by the presence of jaws without mandibular elements, and a vaginal gland that partially surrounds the distal region of the vaginal duct. In this paper the new genus and species is described. Additional anatomical data of the specimens of B. antarctica collected during the expedition are also included.

Article

The Portrayal of Christopher Columbus and the Natives of San Salvador in Rousseau's La D�couverte du...

October 1996 · Orbis Litterarum

Timothy M. Scanlan

Critics have paid minimal attention to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's libretto for an opera he entitled La Découverte du Nouveau Monde, or The Discovery of the New World (1739). Here we examine the text to point out the ways in which Rousseau depicts Christopher Columbus and the Spanish explorers who accompanied him when he first set foot on the island now named San Salvador as well as Rousseau's ... [Show full abstract] portrayal of its native inhabitants. We pay special attention to the treatment of the Noble Savage theme and the relationship between this text and Rousseau's subsequent theoretical works such as the two Discourses and The Social Contract as well as his fictional works, including La Nouvelle Héloïse and Emile.