No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
In search of golden rules: Comment on hypothesis-testing approaches to setting cutoff values for fit indexes and dangers in overgeneralizing Hu and Bentler's (1999) findings
... The items assessed the respondent's depressive symptoms within the past week. The maximum total score is 80 points and can be categorized as follows: no depression risk (0-41), mild depression risk (42)(43)(44)(45)(46)(47)(48)(49)(50), moderate depression risk (51-57), or severe depression risk . The Cronbach's α coefficient for the SDS in this study was 0.803. ...
... Although the SRMR is slightly greater than 0.08, the model in this study is more complex, and the sample size is relatively small, and thus this value needs to be combined with other indicators to make a comprehensive judgement. Moreover, many studies in the literature have shown that an SRMR < 0.1 is acceptable in the field of social sciences [46,47,48,49]. First, as shown in Fig. 2, a significant positive correlation was observed between digital health literacy and chronic disease self-management behaviour among rural elderly patients with chronic diseases (β = 0.30, p < 0.001), which supports H1. ...
Background
Chronic disease self-management is very important for the progression and treatment of diseases worldwide. The management of chronic diseases among elderly individuals in rural areas is an urgent public health concern in China. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between digital health literacy and chronic disease self-management behaviour in elderly Chinese patients with chronic diseases in rural areas, as well as the chain mediating effects of social support and depression. The objective was to provide a scientific basis for improving the active health behaviour of rural elderly patients with chronic diseases in China and worldwide.
Methods
Using convenience sampling, the survey subjects were elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural areas of Anhui Province, China. A self-designed questionnaire was used to collect general survey data, digital health literacy scale scores, social support scale scores, depression scale scores, and chronic disease self-management behaviour scale scores. Common method bias tests, descriptive statistics and correlation analyses were performed via SPSS 29.0. The structural equation model was constructed and tested via AMOS 27.0. Differences for which p < 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
Results
In all, 202 elderly patients with chronic diseases who resided in rural areas were enrolled. The digital health literacy score was 39.25 ± 9.00, and the chronic disease self-management behaviour score was 27.82 ± 9.56. The self-management behaviours of rural elderly patients with chronic diseases were positively correlated with digital health literacy and social support and were negatively correlated with depression (p < 0.01). After the mediating effect test, the total indirect effect value of social support and depression was 0.167, which accounted for 36.07% of the total effect. Among them, social support and depression were partial mediators of digital health literacy and chronic disease self-management behaviour, with effect values of 0.055 (95% CI: 0.012, 0.127) and 0.094 (95% CI: 0.024, 0.201), which accounted for 11.88% and 20.3% of the total effect, respectively. Social support and depression were chain mediators of digital health literacy and chronic disease self-management behaviour, with an effect value of 0.018 (95% CI: 0.004, 0.055) and an effect share of 3.89%.
Conclusion
The self-management level of elderly patients with chronic diseases in rural China is low. Digital health literacy not only directly affects the chronic disease self-management behaviour of elderly individuals but also indirectly predicts chronic disease self-management behaviour through the mediating effects of social support and depression.
... Aunque el TLI no alcanza .90, su valor sigue siendo cercano y, dado que el CFI y el RMSEA indican un buen ajuste, el modelo puede considerarse aceptable (Marsh et al., 2004). La ligera disminución del TLI en la invarianza métrica (-0.007) y escalar (-0.004) es esperable al añadir restricciones y sigue dentro de los valores aceptables (Chen, 2007). ...
... En cuanto a los índices de ajuste, aunque el TLI no alcanza exactamente .90, su valor sigue en un rango aceptable y, dado que otros índices como el CFI y el GFI muestran un buen ajuste, el modelo puede considerarse válido (Marsh et al., 2004). Como estos autores señalan, los valores de corte deben interpretarse con flexibilidad, ya que el ajuste de un modelo no debe juzgarse por un único índice, sino por un conjunto de indicadores. ...
... According to Marsh and colleagues (2004), an SRMR of less than 0.08 and a TLI of 0.90 or greater constitute good model fit, and traditionally, a CFI at or above 0.90 also suggests acceptable model fit (Hoyle, 1995). However, we did not rely on the stricter fit criteria suggested by Hu and Bentler (CFI ≥ 0.95;1999) because, as discussed by Marsh et al., (2004), the suggested CFI of 0.95 or greater can be questioned in terms of both practical and substantive significance. Moreover, as suggested by Rodgers (2010), an important focus of model fitting should be on testing psychological theories and development of a parametric science (as opposed to strict adherence to fit recommendations). ...
... Moreover, as suggested by Rodgers (2010), an important focus of model fitting should be on testing psychological theories and development of a parametric science (as opposed to strict adherence to fit recommendations). An important caveat to the use of more stringent model fit indices is that, as model complexity increases, so does the difficulty of achieving conventional levels of model fit (Marsh et al., 2004). Thus, given the early stage of our research with the B-Scan 360 LF model, we relied upon more traditional fit criterion to ensure that we were not erroneously rejecting a potentially viable model. ...
Research on individuals with dark personalities in the work context has received much attention in the past ten years. However, one challenge remains: creating valid measures that focus on and capture the personality profile of those individuals with possible psychopathic features. The B-Scan 360 Long Form (LF) is a measure of psychopathy created for the workplace and used by others to describe a co-worker, an employee, or a supervisor. Two studies were conducted using online samples to assess the factor structure and validity of the instrument. Results indicated that B-Scan 360 LF facets were internally consistent and unidimensional. Confirmatory factor analyses supported a reliable fifteen facets and four-factor model consistent with the Psychopathic Checklist-Revised four-factor model of psychopathy. The B-Scan 360 LF showed similar patterns of association with FFM traits as other psychopathy measures. The B-Scan 360 LF correlated negatively with supervisor Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Emotional Stability. Correlations between the B-Scan 360 LF and Openness were positive. However, correlation between B-Scan 360 LF and Extraversion was non-significant. Although more research is needed to establish the validity of the B-Scan 360 LF, we believe these results show that it is a promising option to measure psychopathy in the workplace.
... Lower values indicate a better fit, with a value less than 0.08 generally accepted as good. (Schreiber et al. 2006;Marsh et al. 2004;Hu and Bentler 1999). ...
... The CFA model reported in Fig. 2 had the following goodness of fit to the US data: RMSEA 0.046 (pclose 0.952), CFI 0.941, TLI 0.933, SRMR 0.051. These values indicate that the model had an acceptable to good fit to the data, which provided support for the construct validity of the 9-factor MAP model (Brown 2015;Hu and Bentler 1999;Kline 2010;Marsh et al. 2004;Schreiber et al. 2006). We continued to analyze convergent validity of the MAP model by calculating composite reliability (CR) and the average variance extracted (AVE) for each of the nine factors. ...
In this study, we develop and validate Motives of Autonomous Players (MAP) inventory. Several models on videogame motives have been published recently, but typically these models focus either on specific videogame types, on individual games, or on a particular theory on human motivation. The MAP model takes an integrative approach that considers why people play games in general. This is done by adopting an inductive bottom-up research attitude and by focusing on motives that can be argued to be broadly applicable for all kinds of videogames, ranging from casual mobile games to massively multiplayer online role-playing games. Since the MAP model is based on extensive player data that represent a great variety of player motives, the results are widely applicable in player modeling and in understanding player–game interaction at large. The initial MAP model was developed by analyzing open-ended gaming motive descriptions (N = 1,648) by a content analysis procedure. A preliminary 101-item MAP inventory was included in a UK-based survey (N = 600). A nine-factor model was identified and further validated as a 34-item version by making a confirmatory factor analysis with a USA-based survey data (N = 600). Additional analyses on construct validity were performed for investigating how motives to play videogames predict players’ game enjoyment factors that were kept analytically distinct from general motivational factors to play videogames.
... Moreover, researchers have argued that in the context of non-Western populations or translated measures, a CFI above .80, when coupled with strong GFI and RMSEA values, may still indicate an acceptable model fit (Marsh et al., 2004). ...
The present study aimed to translate the Readiness to Change Questionnaire (RCQ) into the Urdu language and to validate its psychometric properties within the Pakistani context. The study was conducted in three phases. Phase I included forward translation, reconciliation, and back translation of the RCQ, conducted by expert psychologists and linguists. Phase II involved assessing cross-language validity with a sample of bilingual adults. Phase III was dedicated to establishing the scale’s factor structure and reliability using a sample of 250 participants within age range of 18-65 years. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and reliability analysis were conducted to evaluate the psychometric strength of the Urdu version. High correlations (.51 to .37) between the English and Urdu versions confirmed empirical equivalence. CFA results demonstrated acceptable model fit (GFI = .82, AGFI = .91, RMSEA = .059), though some indices (CFI = .71, TLI = .71) were marginal. Internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = .91) and test-retest reliability (r = .88) were high. The Urdu version of RCQ is a valid and reliable measure of self-esteem for Urdu-speaking populations in Pakistan.
... The Normed Fit Index (NFI) value of 0.629 falls below the ideal threshold of 0.90, but as noted by Byrne (2010) and Marsh et al. (2004), rigid cut-offs may be inappropriate for complex exploratory models. In such cases, an NFI above 0.5 may indicate marginal fit, especially with small to moderate sample sizes. ...
... We assessed model fit using five goodness-of-fit indices: Chi-square goodness-of-fit (χ 2 ) test, Root-Mean-Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA), Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), and Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI). We applied a norm-based approach to choosing cut-offs [36], informed by previous CFAs of the SRAS-R [19,22,23]. Hence, acceptable model fit was indicated by a non-significant chi-square, RMSEA < 0.08, SRMR < 0.08, CFI > 0.90, and TLI > 0.90. ...
Background
The School Refusal Assessment Scale-Revised (SRAS-R) is a widely used measure to understand school attendance problems. However, previous evaluations have yielded inconsistent findings on the factor structure.
Methods
We prepared a Swedish translation of the original SRAS-R plus the eight alternative items in the adapted versions of the SRAS-R (i.e., the A-SRAS-R). Subsequently, we tested the Swedish A-SRAS-R in a pilot testing, evaluated its factor structure, internal consistency, convergent and discriminant validity, and compared the model fit and internal consistency with the SRAS-R. Participants were students (n = 399) aged 12–16 years (M = 14.7, SD = 0.9) and their parents (n = 251).
Results
Results supported a four-factor solution of the A-SRAS-R. However, the fourth factor was non-optimal concerning factor loadings and reliability. We found consistent evidence of convergent validity, and inconsistent evidence of discriminant validity.
Conclusion
The results provide support for the A-SRAS-R being psychometrically sound, and superior in comparison to the SRAS-R. Notwithstanding the need for further development of the fourth factor, the A-SRAS-R appears to be a valuable instrument for understanding school absence among Swedish young people.
... In accordance with the suggestions for SEM analysis (Jackson et al., 2009), the comparative fit index (CFI), root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA), and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) were chosen for the model fit indices. The recommended values for each index were CFI >0.90, TLI >0.90, RMSEA <0.08, and SRMR <0.08 (Browne & Cudeck, 1993;Byrne, 2001;Marsh et al., 2004). To determine the statistical significance of the mediated pathways, the bootstrapping approach described by Preacher and Hayes (2008) was employed for calculating the indirect effects and their 95% confidence intervals. ...
Purpose: To better understand the role of novelty satisfaction in distance physical education (PE) during the COVID-19 pandemic, this study aimed to determine the relationships among students' novelty satisfaction, basic psychological needs satisfaction, autonomous motivation, effort, and enjoyment and to examine the mediating effects of autonomous motivation in the relationships between novelty satisfaction and effort and enjoyment. Methods: The participants were 332 undergraduate students from 10 PE classes. Structural equation modeling was used for data analysis. Results: Satisfaction of students' need for novelty and the three basic needs positively predicted autonomous motivation, which in turn positively predicted effort and enjoyment. The relationships between students' novelty satisfaction and their effort and enjoyment were mediated by autonomous motivation. Conclusion: This study provides important insights into needs satisfaction and motivational
... For the Incremental Fit Index (IFI) and the Comparative Fit Index (CFI), values over 0.90 indicate a satisfactory fit [58]. A Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) result that falls below the threshold of 0.08 suggests a satisfactory level of fit for the model [59]. A TLI rating in close proximity to 1 indicates a favorable level of fit [58]. ...
This study aims to investigate the association between high-involvement work practices (HIWPs) and team creative performance (TCP) in Pakistan’s hospitality industry. Moreover, the mediating role of team reflexivity (TR) and moderating role of work demand elements workload (WL) and physical work environment (PWE) have also been studied by introducing cognitive workload theory (CWT) in the TCP context. The data were collected from 408 hotel industry employees through a structured questionnaire. The data was analyzed using different statistical techniques including factor analysis, correlation and structure equation modeling, and slope analysis. Results indicate a successful moderation between HIWPs (power, information, and reward) and TR with WL and PWE. Moreover, the results of this study suggest that team reflexivity partly mediates the association between the HIWP and TCP. Results also provide evidence of cognitive workload theory in this study. Considering the results, it is mandatorily recommended to emphasize more on the work demand in the hotel industry. HIWPs should be promoted to increase TCP.
... The Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI), Comparative Fit Index (CFI), Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA), and Standardized Root Mean Square Residual (SRMR) were used to evaluate fit. For CFI and TLI, values above 0.90 and 0.95 indicate adequate and excellent fit, respectively (Hu & Bentler, 1999;Marsh et al., 2004). RMSEA and SRMR values below 0.08 and 0.05 represent adequate and excellent fit, respectively. ...
This research study was conducted to investigate the relationship
between perfectionism and fatigue among EFL teachers, considering
the mediating roles of depression and stress. Although perfectionism
is often seen as a booster to help individuals achieve high standards,
it may negatively impact individuals’ well-being through stress and
depression. These psychological outcomes may contribute to fatigue.
In our study, we collected data from 151 EFL teachers using various
measurement scales, namely perfectionism, stress, depression, and
fatigue. Our findings indicated that there is a positive correlation
between maladaptive perfectionism and both stress and depression.
This relationship, in turn, mediates the association between
perfectionism and fatigue. The results suggest that when teachers have
maladaptive perfectionistic tendencies, they are more likely to
experience stress and depression, which can lead to mental and
physical fatigue. This research emphasizes that it is crucial to tackle
these perfectionistic beliefs, as they can increase the risk of burnout.
Future research studies can use a mixed-methods approach to gain a
more complete picture of how perfectionistic thinking patterns affect
teachers’ mental processes.
... The outcomes of the EFA indicated that the items in the questionnaire were well-matched with their intended constructs, achieving acceptable values above 0.45, in line with Field's (2013) guidelines. The detailed results of the EFA are reported in Appendix 2. The confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) results demonstrate a strong model fit, with all indices falling within the recommended thresholds: chi-square/degrees of freedom (χ 2 /df) = 1.778, indicating a good fit according to Schreiber et al. (2006); root mean square residual (RMR) = 0.034, suggesting minimal residuals as per Browne and Cudeck (1993); comparative fit index (CFI) = 0.964; and incremental fit index (IFI) = 0.964, both reflecting a high degree of model fit as noted by Byrne (2010) and Bentler (2007); Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) = 0.961, indicating a good fit based on Marsh et al. (2004); and root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) = 0.038, denoting a close fit in line with Steiger (2007). The specifics of the CFA results are presented in Figure 2. ...
Purpose
This study aims to investigate the relationship between collective anxiety relating to the introduction of artificial intelligence (AI) technologies in construction companies and team innovative behaviours, purposing a potential mediation role of employees’ coping strategies.
Design/methodology/approach
The deductive nature of the research dedicated a quantitative research methodology. Structural equation modelling was conducted on a data set of 540 randomly chosen responses to an online questionnaire from European-based construction employees.
Findings
The results showed a significant positive relationship between collective AI anxiety and team innovative behaviour. The mediation relationships were also statistically significant. While emotion- and relationship-focused coping had positive relationships with team innovative behaviour, problem-focused coping had a negative relationship. An explanation from cognitive psychology is offered for this finding.
Practical implications
There is potential for construction organizations to increase team innovative behaviours through supporting emotion- and relationship-focused coping strategies for collective AI anxiety. Approaches include open discussions on AI-related concerns to allow team members to voice their anxieties and fostering interpersonal connections to facilitate relationship-focused coping.
Originality/value
This study contributes to understanding the psychological and social impacts of AI in the construction industry, offering practical insights for fostering innovation amidst AI-induced anxieties. In addition, it presents an empirical study examining relation-focused coping as a new strategy for collective team coping. Building the conceptual framework at the team level addresses the scarcity of research on managing anxiety and fostering innovation within teams.
... The findings of Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) indicated a robust model fit, as all indices are within acceptable ranges: x2/df ¼ 1.313 (Schreiber et al., 2006), CFI ¼ 0.969 (Byrne, 2010), IFI ¼ 0.969 (Bentler, 2007), TLI ¼ 0.967 (Marsh et al., 2004) and RMSEA ¼ 0.037 (Steiger, 2007). Furthermore, evaluations for both convergent and discriminant validity of the measurement scales were performed. ...
Purpose
The purpose of this study is to enhance the understanding of how proactive personality, individual global mindset and cultural intelligence influence resilience behaviors in employees, particularly within the context of globalization.
Design/methodology/approach
This study applies the job-demands-resources (JD-R) theoretical paradigm to examine the empirical relationships between proactive personality, individual global mindset and resilience behavior. Data were collected from 227 employees working in the United Arab Emirates and analyzed using structural equation modeling.
Findings
The findings demonstrate significant relationships between proactive personality and individual global mindset, as well as between individual global mindset and resilience behaviors. In addition, this study identifies a mediating role of cultural intelligence between proactive personality and individual global mindset.
Originality/value
This research contributes to the existing literature by highlighting the critical importance of fostering cultural intelligence among proactive employees. It underscores the necessity of developing a global mindset to enhance resilience behaviors in a globalized business environment.
... For the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), the model demonstrated a strong fit, with all fit indices falling within acceptable limits: x2/df ¼ 1.409 (Schreiber et al., 2006), RMR ¼ 0.038 (Browne and Cudeck, 1993), GFI ¼ 0.902 (Mulaik et al., 1989), CFI ¼ 0.974 (Byrne, 2010), IFI ¼ 0.974 (Bentler, 2007), TLI ¼ 0.970 (Marsh et al., 2004) and RMSEA ¼ 0.039 (Steiger, 2007). Additional details on the CFA results are included in Figure 3. ...
Purpose-The study aims to examine how adaptive marketing capabilities directly contribute to enhancing the resilience of manufacturing firms in the context of a crisis, as well as considering the mediating role of organisational agility. Design/methodology/approach-Data were collected from 271 manufacturing firms' executives and senior and middle management globally using a cross-sectional, non-probability purposive sampling approach. They were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics, including structural equation modelling (SEM). Findings-The findings show that vigilant market learning and adaptive marketing experimentation are positively related to organisational resilience in manufacturing firms during crises and that these relationships are partially mediated by operational adjustment and market capitalising agility. Furthermore, open marketing enhances organisational resilience only when fully mediated by operational adjustment and market capitalising agility. Practical implications-The study underscores how, during crises, manufacturing firms should implement a combination of adaptive marketing and organisational agility strategies to strengthen organisational resilience. Adaptive marketing strategies include establishing efficient internal processes for the timely sharing and distribution of market information, leveraging emerging technologies to track market changes and conduct experiments, and forming strategic partnerships with complementary companies to pool resources and innovate collaboratively. To mediate the effectiveness of these strategies and reinforce resilience, firms should adopt strategies focused on organisational agility. These strategies include developing market capitalising agility by responding quickly to customer requests, scaling production or services to meet demand fluctuations, and making alternative arrangements during supply disruptions. Additionally, firms should enhance operational adjustment capacity by making swift decisions in response to changes, re-engineering the organisation for better market service and treating market disruptions as opportunities for capitalisation. Together, these strategies constitute a balanced approach to navigating crises and building organisational resilience. These recommendations remain, however, conditioned by the use of a convenient sampling design, as well as the cross-sectional nature of the data. Originality/value-This study makes a novel contribution by addressing the underexplored link between adaptive marketing capabilities and organisational resilience in B2B manufacturing firms. It introduces a validated model showing how marketing capabilities and agility types drive resilience, with organisational agility acting as a key mediator. Additionally, the study provides actionable strategies for firms to navigate crises, emphasising the importance of adaptive marketing and agility. Methodologically, it presents a new, comprehensive measurement of organisational resilience across multiple dimensions, offering valuable insights for future research.
... The obtained factor structure was tested using CFA. Models were assessed using the following cutoffs for fit indices as indicators of good fit: RMSEA ≤ 0.08, SRMR ≤ 0.10, and CFI ≤ 0.90 (Brown, 2006;Marsh et al., 2004;Schermelleh-Engel et al., 2003). Measurement invariance of items was tested by differential item functioning (DIF) analyses for age, gender, and meditation experience. ...
... To assess the known-groups validity, we compared the nine MEDI dimensions considering the PSD index of the BSI my health because I am afraid of getting sick") and Item 28 ("I am preoccupied by illnesses and diseases"), and the correlation between Item 38 and Item 19 ("I worry about my health"), the model significantly improved despite the CFI being below the conventional threshold. This is not particularly uncommon, as instruments with a larger number of items are less likely to achieve a suitable model fit by conventional standards (Marsh et al., 2004). However, it is important to note that the remaining indices were acceptable, particularly the lower RMSEA and the acceptable SRMR. ...
The objective of this study is to present the psychometric properties of the European Portuguese version of the Multidimensional Emotional Disorder Inventory (MEDI). The sample consisted of 585 individuals (62.4% female) with a mean age of 25.95 years (SD = 8.07) recruited from the community. In addition to the MEDI, participants completed self-reported measures of neuroticism and extraversion, symptoms of posttraumatic stress, psychopathological symptoms, and experiential avoidance. Confirmatory factor analysis at the item level indicated that the nine-factor model yielded an acceptable fit to the data (CFI = 0.931; RMSEA = 0.054; 90% CI for RMSEA = [0.052; 0.054]; SRMR = 0.065). Intercorrelations between the MEDI dimensions were all in the expected direction and consistent with the original validation study. Acceptable reliability was found for all dimensions, with Cronbach’s alphas and McDonald’s omega ranging between 0.70 (positive temperament) and 0.91 (social anxiety). Only somatic anxiety was below the 0.70 threshold (Cronbach’s alpha = 0.69; McDonald’s omega = 0.68). Correlations with self-reported measures assessing neuroticism and extraversion, symptoms of posttraumatic stress, psychopathological symptoms, and experiential avoidance soundly supported the convergent and discriminant validity of the nine MEDI dimensions. Supporting known-groups validity, all MEDI dimensions also differentiated individuals classified according to the Portuguese cutoff of the Positive Symptom Distress Index of the Brief Symptom Inventory (all p <.001). These results generally attest to the reliability and validity of the European Portuguese version of the MEDI and establish its applicability in clinical and research settings. Further validation in clinical samples is warranted.
... Fuente: Elaboración propia utilizando EQS 6. (Bentler, 2005). No se cumple H3 pero si H1 y H2 Nivel de significación: t>1.96(**), es como p>0,05; t>2,576(***), es como p<0,01; t>3,291(****), es como p<0,001 Martínez et al. (2010), estudia la capacidad de innovación como una de las causales de la competitividad empresarial, utilizando la técnica de modelado de ecuaciones estructuradas (MEC) llama la atención que dentro de las 7 variables que determinan la capacidad de innovación, factor de mayor poder explicativo en su conjunto, sin embargo las variables de inversión en investigación y desarrollo y la colaboración con Universidades y Centros Tecnológicos, al aplicarse la prueba de fiabilidad y validez del AFC, obtuvieron cargas factoriales muy por debajo de 0,600 (Marsh, Hau, & Wen, 2004) por lo que fueron eliminadas para un mejor ajuste del modelo. Algo similar ocurrió con el factor colaboración dentro del modelo causal propuesto en la tesis, por lo que hubo que eliminarlo por no cumplir con los valores requeridos para la validez convergente y discriminante del AFC. ...
El desarrollo de una mejor capacidad de innovar constituye una de las formas para lograr las ventajas competitivas en los últimos años. De acuerdo a Maillat las empresas ya no son consideradas agen- tes innovadores aislados, sino agentes incubadores de innovación (Maillat, 1995). En esta investigación se estudió la innovación, y cómo se da de manera colaborativamente, asi como su importancia en los desempeños económicos. El objetivo del presente trabajo de investigación es demostrar la relación causal entre la innovación, colaboración y el desempeño económico de las PYME. La meto- dologia es una triangulación de métodos estadísticos: correlación bivariada, análisis factorial confirmatorio y método multicriterio de ecuaciones estructurales.
... CFI ki-kare testine göre örneklemden daha az etkilenmektedir (Fan vd., 2016). CFI değeri 0,90 ile 0,95 arası olursa kabul edilebilir 0,95 üzeri olursa iyi uyum düzeyi göstermektedir (Hu & Bentler, 1999;Marsh, Hau & Wen, 2004). Belirtilen bu kabul edilebilir aralıklarının yanında CFI değeri için 0,80 üzeri olmasının da kabul edilebilir uyumu gösterdiği bildirilmektedir (Chow, Snowden & McConnerll, 2001). ...
... Indices such as CFI, TLI, RMSEA, and SRMR were used to evaluate model fits. Generally, indices of TLI and CFI (≥ 0.90), and RMSEA and SRMR (≤ 0.08) show an acceptable model fit (Marsh et al., 2004). In addition to the observed variables mentioned above, the background variables of the students were also investigated, including gender, age, family location, parent education degrees and home educational resources. ...
International assessments indicate that Chinese students tend to exhibit lower levels of positive learning emotions compared to their Western counterparts. While prior research frequently highlights the impact of culture on emotions, it often falls short in examining the specific mechanisms through which culture influences emotions. By focusing on the culture-related factor-relational concerns in emotions, this study investigated the link between relational concerns and academic emotions, as well as the mediation role of cognitive appraisals in that relation, using the control-value theory as a framework. The data was collected from 1900 students (50.9% male; Mage = 13.88, SDage = 1.16) in 76 mathematics classrooms across 11 secondary schools in Jiangsu, China. Findings demonstrated that relational concerns were of relevance to academic emotions directly and indirectly. In detail, relational concerns had no direct effects on positive emotions but had indirect favourable effects on positive emotions through intrinsic value. Although control-value appraisals mediated in relational concerns and negative emotions, relational concerns showed a robust direct and negative effect on negative emotions. Findings are important to understand Chinese students’ emotions and thus improving their positive learning experiences.
... which are considered as indicators of acceptable and excellent fit, respectively. To allow a degree of flexibility in the cutoff criteria, the parameter estimates, statistical conformity and theoretical relevance were also consulted when evaluating and comparing model fit [43]. ...
Grounded in Duda’s integrated model of the motivational climate, the current study examined the hypothesized mediating role of motivation quality in the relationships between empowering and disempowering teacher-created motivational climates and indicators of quality engagement in secondary school physical education (PE). The hypothesised model was tested cross-sectionally and longitudinally in two separate samples of students. Data were collected via questionnaires measuring the motivational climate, autonomous and controlled motivation and indicators of engagement (enjoyment, concentration and boredom). Cross sectional data collected from 832 students (439 males and 386 females) while longitudinal data stemmed 299 students (166 males and 163 females). All students were from schools in Wales aged between 12 and 15 years. Structural equation modelling was used to test the hypothesised model and the mediating role of autonomous and controlled motivation. The hypothesised model was supported cross-sectionally and longitudinally, indicating that empowering climates positively predicted students’ autonomous motivation for PE, whereas disempowering motivational climates positively predicted controlled motivation. In turn, autonomous and controlled motivation positively and negatively predicted indictors of students’ engagement in PE in the hypothesised directions. Analyses revealed relationships between empowering and disempowering climates with enjoyment, concentration and boredom were indirect via autonomous and controlled motivation. In summary, results support the role of autonomous and controlled motivation in the differential relationships between empowering and disempowering motivational climates and indicators of the quality of student engagement. The findings suggest that targeted professional learning opportunities for PE teachers are needed which facilitate more empowering climates and reducing disempowering strategies.
... Mitä korkeampi entropia-arvo, sen erottelukykyisempi profiiliratkaisu. Profiilien sisällöllisen mielekkyyden määrittää tutkijan subjektiivinen tulkinta siitä, mikä profiiliratkaisuista sopii parhaiten aiempaan teoriaan sekä missä ratkaisuista ryhmät ovat selkeitä ja tasaisen kokoisia (Marsh, Hau & Wen, 2004;Marsh ym., 2009). ...
Nuorten ilmastonmuutokseen liittyvät huolet, ahdistus, epävarmuus ja turvattomuuden tunne ovat kasvaneet ympäri maailmaa. Nuorten hyvinvointi on yhteydessä heidän taipumuksiinsa toimia ympäristövastuullisesti. Tämä tutkimus vastaa kahteen tutkimuskysymykseen: 1) Millaisia ilmastonmuutokseen liittyviä nuorten hyvinvointi- ja toimintaprofiileja voidaan tunnistaa; 2) Miten profiilit eroavat toisistaan taustamuuttujien ja yleisten hyvinvointitekijöiden perusteella? Tutkimusaineistona oli 886 pääkaupunkiseudun 18—20-vuotiasta lukiolaisnuorta. Tutkimuksessa tunnistettiin latentin profiilianalyysin avulla kolme profiilia: Ilmastonmuutoksesta ylikuormittuneet (14 %), ilmastoahdistuneet (42 %) ja ilmastonmuutoksesta itsensä ulkoistajat (44 %). Ilmastonmuutoksesta ylikuormittuneet kokivat eniten ilmastonmuutokseen liittyvää emotionaalista väsymystä ja riittämättömyyden tunnetta sekä osallistuivat aktiivisimmin ympäristövastuulliseen toimintaan. Ilmastoahdistuneet kokivat riittämättömyyden tunnetta ilmastonmuutokseen liittyen ja he toimivat ympäristövastuullisesti, mutta he eivät kokeneet emotionaalista väsymystä. Ilmastonmuutoksesta itsensä ulkoistajat eivät kokeneet ilmastonmuutokseen liittyvää emotionaalista väsymystä tai riittämättömyyden tunnetta eivätkä he sitoutuneet ympäristövastuulliseen toimintaan. Ilmastonmuutoksesta ylikuormittuneilla oli alhaisin itsetunto ja he raportoivat muita enemmän masennusoireita.
... Si Le linee guida derivate dalla letteratura esistente (Bentler, 1990;Marsh, Hau e Wen, 2004) sono state utilizzate per valutare l'adeguatezza del fitting del modello: CFI/TLI > 0,90, RMSEA < 0,08 e SRMR < 0,10 sono considerati adatti, e CFI/TLI > 0,95, RMSEA < 0,05 e SRMR < 0,08 sono considerati riflettere un fitting eccellente. Nota: * p < 0,05; ** p < 0,01; *** p < 0,001. ...
Questo contributo presenta una ricerca sul tema delle emozioni umane, mettendo in evidenza il ruolo dell'Intelligenza Emotiva nella comprensione e gestione emotiva, con particolare focus sulle strategie di Regolazione Emotiva: Rivalutazione Cognitiva e Soppressione Espressiva. La ricerca ha coinvolto un campione di 311 partecipanti, giovani adulti di età compresa fra i 18 e i 30 anni, a cui è stata somministrata una batteria ragionata di test: Emotional Regulation Questionnaire, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale, Emotional Quotient Inventory. Dall'analisi dei dati emergono correlazioni significative tra le variabili legate all'Intelligenza Emotiva, dimostrandone il ruolo e l'impatto nei processi di regolazione emotiva e risposta emotiva. La ricerca evidenzia il ruolo di mediazione da parte dell'Intelligenza Emotiva, suggerendo come questa possa dimostrarsi un fattore chiave nella gestione efficace delle difese emotive. Le possibili applicazioni del modello proposto riguardano l'estensione dei modelli sulla Regolazione Emotiva e lo sviluppo di interventi per la promozione della flessibilità nella regolazione emotiva, in particolare per attuare azioni preventive nei contesti educativi e clinici.
Erickson-Trento Orientamenti Pedagogici Vol. 72, n. 1, gennaio-febbraio-marzo 2025 (pp. 35-54)
... RMSEA (≤0.08), and SRMR (≤0.05). Due to the chi-squared test's sensitivity to sample size, alternative metrics were preferred for assessing model fit [48]. Bootstrapping was employed to test for mediating effects. ...
Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the current state of insomnia among secondary vocational school students, identify its influencing factors, and explore potential mechanisms of action. Methods: The study population consisted of 2150 students (968 male and 1182 female) enrolled in a secondary vocational school in Wuhan, China. A cross-sectional research design was employed to analyze the data using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping. Results: Adolescents with poorer family functioning, higher levels of paranoid personality traits, and higher levels of anxiety are more likely to experience insomnia. There was a significant direct association between family functioning and insomnia ( β = −0.153, p < 0.001). Paranoid personality traits and anxiety were not only significant independent mediators in the relationship between family functioning and insomnia (paranoid personality traits: β = 0.021, 95% CI: [−0.035, −0.008]; anxiety: β = 0.173, 95% CI: [−0.204, −0.114]) but also chain mediators ( β = 0.059, 95% CI: [−0.073, −0.048]). Conclusions: Managing insomnia in secondary vocational school students requires familial and individual strategies, including reducing family conflict, improving family functioning, and addressing cognitive biases and anxiety.
... The Comparative Fit Index (CFI) value above 0.9 is consistent with the model, yielding a result of 1.00 [48]. Furthermore, the reliability of each construct in the model was assessed using various fit statistics, and the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) was deemed acceptable, with the model having a value of 0.004 (Table 3), well below the maximum threshold of 0.08 [52][53][54]. Comparisons of fit reference indices suggest that the hypothetical model fits well with the observed variance-covariance matrix in relation to the null or independence model. Additionally, average variance extracted (AVE) and composite reliability were used to assess the model validity. ...
This study examines the impact of eco-innovation on the economic, social, and environmental performance of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in Colombia. SMEs are pivotal to Colombia’s economic landscape, contributing significantly to job creation, economic growth, and regional development. The research utilizes structural equation modeling (SEM) to analyze data collected from 568 SMEs through an electronic survey. The findings indicate that eco-innovation positively influences both environmental and economic-social performance. Enhanced environmental performance, driven by eco-innovation, is associated with improved resource efficiency, reduced emissions, and waste management. Moreover, economic and social performance, measured through profitability, product quality, and job satisfaction, also benefits from eco-innovative practices. These results underscore the importance of eco-innovation in promoting sustainable development within the SME sector. The study advocates for further large-scale investigations to validate these findings and to explore the broader implications of eco-innovation in diverse economic contexts.
... Model fit was determined by the comparative ft index(CFI), the root mean square error of approximation(RMSEA), as well as the standardized root mean square residual(SRMR). When CFI > 0.90, RMSEA < 0.08, and SRMR < 0.10, mode fit was evaluated as adequate (Marsh, Hau, & Wen, 2004). ...
Both parental psychological control (PPC) and state self-compassion have been demonstrated to be associated with depression. However, there remains a need to illuminate the possible direct and indirect pathways among them from a developmental perspective that could serve as intervention targets. Therefore, this study investigated the direct and indirect associations among developmental trajectories of PPC, state self-compassion, and depression in adolescents. A total of 1660 Chinese middle school students (51.93% boys; Mage = 13.51; SD = 0.83) completed self-report measures on 3 time points across 1 years. Latent growth curve modeling was used to examine the direct and indirect associations among the developmental trajectories of the study variables. Results revealed that the developmental trajectory of PPC was positively and directly related to the developmental trajectory of depression, while the developmental trajectory of state self-compassion was negatively and directly related to the developmental trajectory of depression; and the developmental trajectory of PPC was indirectly related to the developmental trajectory of depression via the mediating effect of state self-compassion. The findings elucidated the direct and indirect longitudinal associations among PPC, state self-compassion, and depression, highlighting that interventions aimed at fostering state self-compassion may benefit to prevent the developmental progression from PPC to depression in adolescents.
... en de RMSEA kleiner dan .08, dan is de fit van het model acceptabel (Marsh, Hau, & Wen, 2004). ...
In deze studie onderzochten we de constructvaliditeit en betrouwbaarheid van een empowermentvragenlijst (EMPO) die ontwikkeld is in de Nederlandse jeugdzorg. De EMPO bestaat uit 12 items en richt zich op het meten van empowerment van ouders als opvoeder. Uitgangspunt van de EMPO zijn Zimmerman’s drie componenten van psychologische empowerment (intrapersoonlijk, interactioneel en gedrag). De studie is gebaseerd op gegevens van zowel een niet-klinische groep (n=673) als een klinische groep ouders (n=1,212). De constructvaliditeit werd vastgesteld aan de hand van de factorstructuur, meetinvariantie, correlaties met andere instrumenten (OBVL-K en SDQ) en verschillen in empowerment tussen de twee groepen ouders. Voor de betrouwbaarheid werd gekeken naar de interne consistentie en test-hertest betrouwbaarheid. De resultaten laten zien dat de validiteit van de factorstructuur voldoende tot goed is, dat de EMPO meetinvariant is voor verschillende subgroepen en dat de EMPO-schalen negatief samenhangen met opvoedingsbelasting (OBVL-K) en met gedragsproblemen van kinderen (SDQ). Ook blijkt de klinische groep ouders minder empowered en bestaat er een minder sterke samenhang in deze groep tussen empowerment van ouders en gedragsproblemen van hun kind. Verder hebben beide groepen ouders een vergelijkbare hoge score op de interactionele empowermentcomponent maar hangt de score van ouders op deze component in de klinische groep minder sterk samen met hun score op de intrapersoonlijke en de gedragscontrole component. De interne consistentie en test-hertest betrouwbaarheid is merendeels voldoende tot goed, zo blijkt uit de betrouwbaarheidsanalyses. De constructvaliditeit en de betrouwbaarheid van de EMPO is voldoende tot goed. Verder onderzoek is nodig naar de onderliggende assumpties, andere validiteitsaspecten, representativiteit en de wijze waarop de EMPO door professionals kan worden gebruikt om empowerment van ouders te ondersteunen.
... The CFI value exceeded the recommended threshold of 0.95, and the SRMR value was below the recommended threshold of 0.08, suggesting an acceptable model fit. While TLI and RMSEA values were less than optimal, it is important to note that these indices can be sensitive to sample size, particularly in smaller samples (Kenny et al., 2015;Marsh et al., 2004). Considering these indices, we judged the overall model fit to be acceptable for our sample size and proceeded with the interpretation of the results. ...
Background
Positive marital relations are crucial for healthy family functioning, whereas conflict-ridden marital relations are linked to children’s adjustment problems. According to the Emotional Security Theory, destructive interparental conflict leads to children’s emotional insecurity, impacting their adjustment.
Objective
This three-wave longitudinal study examined the temporal associations between preschool children’s reactions to interparental conflict, interparental conflict and children’s behavioral problems in Japan.
Methods
We conducted a longitudinal three-wave study with Japanese parents of children at three time points: aged 3 (Time 1), 4 (Time 2), and 5 (Time 3). Children’s reactions to interparental conflict at Time 2 were assessed using the Security in the Marital Subsystem-Parent Report, which includes subscales for overt emotional reactivity, behavioral dysregulation, overt avoidance, and overt involvement.
Results
Our findings revealed a positive association between behavioral dysregulation at Time 2 and internalizing problems at Time 3. However, no significant association was found between behavioral dysregulation and externalizing problems. Emotional reactivity was not associated with behavioral problems or interparental conflict. Differences in age ranges across studies may account for the variance in findings.
Conclusions
This longitudinal study highlights the importance of focusing on behavioral dysregulation in preschool children as a factor associated with the relationship between interparental conflict and internalizing problems over time. Emotional reactivity may not serve as a reliable indicator of behavioral problems or interparental conflict in Japanese contexts. These findings underscore the need for culturally sensitive approaches in assessing children’s responses to interparental conflict and their potential associations with child development over time.
... Model t was evaluated using CFI (≥ 0.90), TLI (≥ 0.90), RMSEA (≤ 0.08), and SRMR (≤ 0.05) (Kenny, 2014). Due to the chi-squared test's sensitivity to sample size, alternative metrics were preferred for assessing model t (Marsh et al., 2004). Bootstrap was employed to test for mediating effects. ...
Objective Investigate the current state of insomnia among secondary vocational school students, identify its influencing factors, and explore potential mechanisms of action. Methods The study population consisted of 2150 students (968 male, 1182 female) enrolled in a secondary vocational school in Wuhan, China. A cross-sectional research design was employed for the purpose of analyzing the data using descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrap. Results Adolescents with poorer family functioning, higher levels of paranoid personality traits, and higher levels of anxiety are more likely to experience insomnia. There was a significant direct association between family functioning and insomnia ( β = -0.153, p < 0.001 ). Paranoid personality traits and anxiety were not only significant independent mediators in the relationship between family functioning and insomnia (paranoid personality traits: β = 0.021, 95% CI: [-0.035, -0.008]; anxiety: β = 0.173, 95% CI: [-0.204,-0.114]), but also chain mediators ( β = 0.059, 95% CI: [-0. 073,-0.048]). Conclusion Managing insomnia in secondary vocational school students requires familial and individual strategies, including reducing family conflict, improving family functioning, and addressing cognitive biases and anxiety.
... Several criteria were used to evaluate the adequacy of the SEM and CFA models. These included a chi-square to degrees of freedom ratio (x 2 /df) of less than 3, a rootmean-square error of approximation (RMSEA) value below 0.08, a standardized root-mean-square residual (SRMR) below 0.05, and comparative fit index (CFI) and Tucker-Lewis index (TLI) values exceeding 0.90, as recommended by Marsh et al. (2004). To examine the mediating effects, a bias-corrected bootstrap was employed with 5,000 random replicate samples, using maximum likelihood estimation. ...
Plain language summary
Purpose: This study investigated the effect of work engagement (WE) on teachers’ workplace well-being (WWB) and the role of perceived organizational support (POS) and psychological empowerment (PE) in the underlying internal mechanisms. Methods: The participants were 2090 Chinese teachers (valid response rate: 90.32%), with an average age of 39.42 years (SD = 8.73). To test the mediating role of POS and PE on the relationship between WE and WWB (parallel and serial), participants were asked to complete the subscales of employee well-being, the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale, the Psychological Empowerment Scale, and the Perceived Organizational Support Scale. Results: The results revealed that (1) WE can positively predict WWB, (2) POS and PE mediated the relationship between WE and WWB, and (3) there were numerous indirect routes (i.e., WE→POS→PE→WWB). Conclusion: The results of this study help us understand the relationship between WE and WWB and have implications for improving teachers’ WWB. Implications: The results of this study have practical implications, particularly for educators, as they highlight the significant role of WE in influencing teachers’ WWB. Limitations: Teachers’ self-reports served as the source of the data. This approach can result in recollection bias. In addition, since we did not use an experimental approach but rather a cross-sectional one, we could not identify any causal links.
... For model fit assessment, out of the many available model fit indices (Fan et al., 1999), we used four goodness-of-fit indices: (a) Comparative Fit Index (CFI); (b) Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI); (c) the root mean square error of approximation (RMSEA) with associated confidence intervals (CI); (d) the standardized root mean square residuals (SRMR). Based on the recommendations of Marsh, Hau, and Wen (2004), CFI and TLI ≥ 0.95 indicates excellent fit, while values between 0.90 and 0.95 indicate acceptable fit; RMSEA and SRMR<0.08 would suggest a good fit between the hypothesized model and the data. After the best-fitting model was selected, four types of omega coefficients were computed: omega (ω), omega subscale (ω S ), omega hierarchical (ω H ), and omega hierarchical subscale (ω HS ) (Rodriguez et al., 2016a(Rodriguez et al., , 2016b. ...
The 44-item Trait Fear Scale (TF-44) is a relatively new self-report measure of threat sensitivity, a biologically related trait that reflects a general readiness to respond to aversive stimuli across different processing contexts with defense system activation. This study aimed to validate the TF-44 in the Chinese cultural context using two large undergraduate samples. In Sample 1 (N = 516), we used a bifactor exploratory structural equation modeling (bifactor-ESEM) to examine the factor structure of the TF-44. In Sample 2 (N = 379), we assessed the convergent and discriminant validity of the TF-44 by comparing it with measures of personality and psychopathology, including the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure, Big Five Inventory-2, DSM-5 severity measure for fear disorders, and two substance use-related scales. The results of the bifactor ESEM indicated that fear/fearlessness emerged as a robust general factor in responses to all TF-44 items, concurrently revealing the presence of three specific factors. The findings also revealed that the convergent and discriminant validity of the Chinese version of TF-44 was similar to that in English-speaking samples. Specifically, the Chinese TF-44 scores were positively correlated with Negative Emotions and fear-related disorders, negatively correlated with Extraversion and psychopathic fearless traits (TriPM Boldness), and showed weak or no associations with disinhibition and substance use symptoms. Overall, the Chinese version of the TF-44 emerges as a valuable assessment tool for evaluating threat sensitivity.
... To assess model fit, we used the Comparative Fit Index (CFI) [39], Tucker-Lewis Index (TLI) [40], the Root Mean Square Error of Approximation (RMSEA) [41], the Standardised Root Mean Square (SRMR) [21], and the Chi-square [21]. For CFI and TLI, values above 0.90 were considered to indicate adequate model fit, and values above 0.95 were considered to indicate excellent fit [39,[42][43][44][45]. RMSEA values lower than 0.06 and SRMR values lower than 0.08 were considered to indicate good fit [21]. ...
Background and objectives
Cognitive impairment is common in haemodialysis patients and associated with adverse health outcomes. This may be due to cognitive impairments interfering with daily functioning and self-care, but evidence is limited. This cross-sectional study aims to explore the interrelationships between cognition and functional outcomes in haemodialysis patients.
Methods
Haemodialysis patients completed measures of objective cognitive function (Montreal Cognitive Assessment), everyday problem-solving skills (scenario-based task), and subjective cognitive complaints (self-report). Participants also self-reported sociodemographic information, functional interference, treatment nonadherence, and mood and fatigue symptoms. Patients’ clinical data including comorbidities and lab results were extracted from medical record. Structural equation modelling was performed.
Results
A total of 268 haemodialysis patients (mean age = 59.87 years; 42.5% female) participated. The final model showed satisfactory fit: CFI = 0.916, TLI = 0.905, RMSEA = 0.033 (90% confidence interval 0.024 to 0.041), SRMR = 0.066, χ²(493) = 618.573 (p < .001). There was a negative association between objective cognitive function and subjective cognitive complaints. Cognitive complaints were positively associated with both functional interference and treatment nonadherence, whereas objective performance was not. Everyday problem-solving skills emerged as a distinct aspect of cognition not associated with objective performance or subjective complaints, but had additive utility in predicting functional interference.
Conclusions
Subjective cognitive complaints and everyday problem-solving skills appear to be stronger predictors of functional variables compared to objective performance based on traditional tests. Routine screening of everyday cognitive difficulties may allow for early identification of dialysis patients at risk of cognitive impairment, functional interference, treatment nonadherence, and poor clinical outcomes.
Numerous studies have demonstrated that restoring feelings of safety helps alleviate posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) based on cross‐sectional designs. However, feelings of safety may be affected by PTSD over time. As a result, how safety and PTSD interact in victims and their coexisting patterns remain unclear, particularly in children who have suffered from natural disasters. 1593, 1072, and 483 children were recruited at 3 months (T1), 15 months (T2), and 27 months (T3) following a super typhoon, respectively. Children who completed all three waves of self‐report questionnaires were included (N = 351; 46.15% girls; Mage = 9.55 years, SD = 0.66). The data were mainly analysed using the latent growth mixture model. The results revealed four distinct conjoint trajectories: resilience PTSD‐high and sharply increasing safety (Class 1; 76.07%), resilience PTSD‐slowly increasing safety (Class 2; 13.68%), chronic PTSD‐moderate and increasing safety (Class 3; 6.27%), and resilience‐decreasing safety (Class 4; 3.99%). Trauma exposure and perceived social support at baseline were significantly more strongly related to Class 3 than Class 1. The results indicated that feelings of safety and PTSD showed heterogeneous patterns of coexistence in children. Further, trauma exposure and perceived social support could differentiate children with distinct patterns of safety and PTSD.
Research on perfectionism in graduate school found inconsistent associations between perfectionistic standards and psychological outcomes. Such unanticipated results led to the Model of Excellencism and Perfectionism (MEP), which differentiates between people pursuing excellence and those pursuing perfection. Recent studies with undergraduate students have shown that excellencism and perfectionism are distinct constructs, differentially associated with achievement and psychological outcomes. In this study, we aimed to offer the first empirical test of the MEP in graduate school with a sample of 376 graduate students (i.e. 81% masters, 19% doctoral). Results of confirmatory factor analyses on the Scale of Perfectionism and Excellencism provided evidence for the conceptual separation of excellencism and perfectionism. Results of multiple regression showed that perfection strivers (compared to excellence strivers) reported higher research self‐efficacy and satisfaction with their research productivity. When accounting for satisfaction with research productivity, perfection strivers experienced more academic burnout and dropout intentions. Perfectionistic students also used more perfectionistic self‐presentation strategies when interacting with their supervisors. Perfectionism was associated with both beneficial and harmful outcomes, which suggests that perfectionism in graduate school is paradoxical and operates like a double‐edged sword. These findings are interpreted in light of the need to help graduate students strike a balance between their academic achievements and psychological adjustment.
This study employs a dyadic analysis approach to explore the relationship between illness perception and fear of progression among digestive system cancer patients and caregivers using the Actor‐Partner Interdependence Model (APIM). We selected 242 pairs of digestive system cancer patients and their primary caregivers from two tertiary hospitals in Guangdong Province using convenient sampling method. Participants completed the Brief Illness Perception Questionnaire and Fear of Progression Questionnaire. Structural equation modelling based on the APIM framework was used to assess both actor effects (individuals' illness perception on their own fear of progression) and partner effects (individuals' illness perception on the other member's fear of progression). This study included a total of 242 sets of participants, with patients having an average age of 55.97 (SD = 14.19) years and caregivers having an average age of 49.40 (SD = 13.18) years. The study revealed that the paired patterns of illness perception and fear of progression among patients and caregivers were couple patterns. Specifically, in terms of actor effects, illness perception among digestive system cancer patients and their caregivers was able to influence their own fear of progression (β = 0.238, 0.163; 95% CI = 0.167–0.310, 0.094–0.233; both p < 0.001). Regarding the partner effects, the illness perception of digestive system cancer patients and their caregivers positively influenced each other's fear of progression (β = 0.238, 0.163; 95% CI = 0.167–0.310, 0.094–0.233; both p < 0.001). This study confirms the existence of the actor‐partner relationships between illness perception and fear of progression among digestive system cancer patients and their caregivers. These interdependent effects highlight the importance of adopting dyad‐centred interventions in psycho‐oncology care, where clinicians should address both patients and caregivers as an emotionally connected unit rather than isolated individuals.
This study examines university graduates’ employability through latent profile analysis (LPA), identifying how career resources interact within distinct subgroups. We analysed five key resources: career planning, adaptability, resilience, political skills, and socio-professional support. In a sample of 2,553 Italian university students, five unique profiles emerged: Influencers, Visioners, Adapters, Networkers, and Pioneers. Results revealed significant differences in perceived employability across profiles, with Pioneers displaying the highest employability due to strong internal resources and moderate external support. Lower resilience and socio-professional support (Adapters, Networkers) were associated with reduced employability perceptions, while adaptability and political skills positively influenced employability. This study is among the first to classify graduates based on career strategies and employability. Findings highlight the need for personalized career interventions to strengthen both psychological resources and external support. Future research should validate these profiles across diverse contexts and explore their long-term impact on career sustainability.
Teacher motivation is persistently declining. This study aimed to derive the best-fit model explaining teacher motivation as influenced by adaptive leadership, school climate, and organizational commitment. Employing Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with 400 samples selected through quota sampling technique, results indicated organizational commitment had the strongest influence (Beta = 0.777, p < 0.001), followed by adaptive leadership (Beta = 0.132, p = 0.029), with school climate showing no significant impact (Beta = 0.078, p = 0.479). The best-fit model demonstrated excellent indices (CMIN/DF = 0.590; RMSEA = 0.000). Prioritizing strategies enhancing organizational commitment and adaptive leadership to boost teacher motivation and improve educational outcomes; and conducting further research to validate the assertion of this study are recommended.
CONTEXT
Mobile phones have evolved into tools providing a virtual environment and frequently used for remote teaching strategies. Besides its unavoidable alternative in different situations, excessive use of the mobile phone has changed behaviors and influences interpersonal relationships and may also have a harmful impact on health and happiness. To overcome these issues, several approaches have been introduced to identify and minimize the smartphone addiction. Literature reveals that self-regulation, smartphone usage, cyberloafing, and general self-efficacy have a prominent role in mobile phone addiction.
AIMS
The aims of the current study were to analyze and optimize the role of considered factors to overcome the excess mobile phone usage and its addiction.
METHODS AND MATERIAL
Using the random sampling technique, an adopted questionnaire was utilized to collect data of 500 university level students. The target population consisted of 5000 university level students.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
A complete and comprehensive model was established using structural equation modeling.
RESULTS
Findings revealed that there is a significantly negative effect of self-regulation on both cyberloafing and addiction, while smartphone usage has a positive effect on smartphone addiction. Similarly, self-efficacy positively affected the cyberloafing, resulting in positive effects on the smartphone addiction.
CONCLUSIONS
Awareness, smartly planned lessons, learning materials, recommended applications, and restricted technologies can be effective in controlling the smartphone addiction and their health-related problems. Additional factors such as students’ disengagement from tasks, lack of context familiarities, and the boring nature of the task or teaching method may increase the mobile addiction. For this, extra curriculum activities and support programs can significantly reduce the mobile use.
Amaç–Dijitalleşme ile sosyal medya kullanımı oldukça artmıştır. Tüketiciler sosyal medyadan etkilenerek ürün veya hizmetleri satın almak istemektedirler. Bu satın alma işleminin gerçekleşmemesi veya ötelenmesi durumunda ise gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu hissetmektedirler. Bu nedenle, tüketiciler ihtiyaçları olsun veya olmasın ürünleri veya hizmetleri plansız bir şekilde satın aldıkları düşünülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda bu çalışmada gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu (fomo) ve algılanan sosyal medya pazarlamasının tüketicilerin plansız satın alma davranışlarının üzerinde etkili olup, olmadığı araştırılmaktadır. Yöntem–Araştırmada çevrimiçi anket tekniği kullanılarak veriler elde edilmiştir. Kolayda örneklem yöntemi kullanılarak 207 katılımcı ile anket yapılmıştır. Elde edilen bilgiler IBM SPSS 27 ve eklentisi AMOS ile yapısal eşitlik modellemesi (YEM) kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Bulgular –Yapılan analizlerden elde edilen bulgulara göre, sosyal medya algısının türlerinin plansız satın alma davranışını etkilemediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Ayrıca, sosyal medya algısının gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusunu etkilemediği ve gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusu ölçeğinin de plansız satın alma davranışını etkilemediği yönünde olmuştur. Tartışma–Bu bulgulardan yola çıkarak,tüketicilerin artık eskisine göre daha bilinçli olduğu ve sosyal medya platformlarında yapılan çalışmalara eskisi kadar güvenmediği görülmektedir. Bu doğrultuda gelişmeleri kaçırma korkusunun ve sosyal medya algısının tüketicilerin plansız satın alma davranışını tetiklemediği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır
Relative change or stability of perceived positive general feedback and perceived informational feedback and their influence on students' intrinsic motivation in physical education over two years were examined. 302 students, ages 11 to 15 years, responded to the Perception of Teacher's Feedback questionnaire. Two years later, these students filled out the questionnaire again, along with a modified version of the Sport Motivation Scale. Analysis showed that both types of perceived feedback exhibited moderate stability over the two years. Perceived positive general feedback demonstrated a significant direct effect on students' intrinsic motivation measured concurrently in physical education. Further, fixing to zero the effect of perceived positive general feedback on intrinsic motivation measured concurrently, an effect emerged over the two years.
Background and aims
Adolescent problematic gaming is a global public health issue, and is associated with numerous negative outcomes. The Big Two personality traits, neuroticism and extraversion, have been identified as significant predictors of problematic gaming in adolescents. However, most previous studies have been cross-sectional, limiting the ability to explore their mutual influences or causality inference. This study addresses this gap by employing a longitudinal design and utilizing the Random Intercept Cross-Lagged Panel Model (RI-CLPM) to examine the bidirectional relations between the Big Two personality traits and problematic gaming at the within-person level.
Methods
This study included 3,307 students (Mean age = 11.30, SD = 0.48, 43.6% being girls). Participants were assessed annually, completing a total of four assessments over the course of the study.
Results
The RI-CLPM analyses revealed that neuroticism and problematic gaming significantly predict each other. Extraversion acts as a protective factor against adolescent problematic gaming, whereas problematic gaming leads to a decrease in extraversion levels. Additionally, the longitudinal relations between neuroticism and problematic gaming exhibit significant sex differences.
Discussion and conclusions
This study provides insights into the interplay between the Big Two personality traits and problematic gaming in adolescents. These findings emphasize the need for prevention and intervention strategies that address personality traits as risk factors while recognizing how problematic gaming can influence personality, promoting a more holistic approach. The observed sex differences highlight the importance of integrating sex-specific considerations in interventions.
Background
Given the escalating challenges for UK-based physiotherapists in workload pressures, budget constraints, staff shortages and patient wait times, the profession (of 65,000 registered physiotherapists) necessitates immediate attention to the health and well-being of the therapists. This pioneering study aims to examine perfectionism, moral injury, and burnout among UK-based physiotherapists across the NHS, private practice, sports, and academia.
Method
This cross-sectional study utilised an online survey and implementation of Structure Equation Modelling (SEM) to assess the interplay of perfectionism (Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale-Short Form), moral injury (Moral Injury Symptoms Scale-Healthcare Professionals), and burnout (Shirom-Melamed Burnout Questionnaire). Our sample size calculation represents the UK physiotherapy profession, utilising a 95% confidence interval with a 5% margin of error.
Findings
Our analysis conducted on (n = 402) UK-based physiotherapists reveals significant burnout levels, with 96% of participants presenting with moderate to high burnout scores. SEM revealed perfectionism and moral injury collectively accounted for a substantial 62% of burnout variability, highlighting their sequential impact on burnout manifestation.
Interpretation
With such high levels of burnout, urgent intervention is paramount. Elevated burnout presents challenges for the physiotherapy profession as staff retention, accurate and effective patient care, and overall health are severely impacted due to burnout. Recognising and addressing perfectionism and moral injury, such as through amendment or development of policy, becomes pivotal to mitigate its impact on individual and collective health.
Parents are typically the first individuals a child communicates with, and their acceptance or rejection significantly affects the child’s personality traits and psychological well-being. Therefore, a comprehensive tool to assess parental acceptance-rejection behaviors is crucial in any culture. Thus, the present study aimed to investigate the psychometric properties of the short form of the Parental Acceptance-Rejection/Control Questionnaire (PARQ/Control). This study included three groups aged between 20 and 70. The first group (n = 1026) responded to the mother version of PARQ/Control, in which adults shared their ideas regarding their mothers; the second group (n = 1061) responded to the father version of PARQ/Control, in which adults shared their ideas regarding their fathers, and the third group (n = 1090) responded to the Parent version of PARQ/Control, in which parents shared their ideas regarding their children. Additionally, the first and second groups completed the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES) to assess criterion validity. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the four-factor structure of the PARQ/Control in all three versions. Additionally, the unifactorial control dimension was validated in each version. The retest reliability of all three versions exceeded 0.8 for the PARQ and 0.7 for the control dimension. Furthermore, a moderate correlation was found between the Adult PARQ and the RSES. According to the results, the factorial structure, reliability, and validity of the PARQ/Control were confirmed in all three groups and can be used in future studies. It is suggested that the psychometric properties of other versions of the PARQ/Control in Iran be investigated.
Background
The absence of a reliable and valid Bangla instrument for measuring somatic symptom disorder hinders research and clinical activities in Bangladesh. The present study aimed at translating and validating the Somatic Symptom Disorder-B criteria (SSD-12).
Method
A cross-sectional design was used with purposively selected clinical (n = 100) and non-clinical (n = 100) samples. The clinical sample was collected from psychiatric departments at three hospitals, while the non-clinical sample was drawn from the local community. Exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) were conducted on the SSD-12, along with reliability and validity assessments.
Results
Results indicated satisfactory internal consistency reliability (Cronbach’s alpha = .94, split-half r = .93); criterion-related validity (r = .86, with Morey’s Somatic Complaints Scale); and construct validity (r = .64 with anxiety subscale and r = .57 with depression subscale of the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale) of the translated scale. In contrast to the three-factor structure of the original SSD-12, the Bangla version indicated a single-factor structure (accounting for 61.29% of the total variance). This scale also demonstrates its ability to distinguish between clinical and non-clinical participants (t198 = 16.74, p < .01).
Conclusion
The Bangla translated SSD-12 has demonstrated strong psychometric properties, indicating its suitability for use in Bangladesh. This tool is expected to aid mental health practitioners in their clinical work by providing them with a quick assessment of their patients having somatic complaints.
Recognized as the process of psychophysiological unwinding from the demands of work and other stressors, occupational recovery has been a popular topic of study over the past decade. Building on the recovery research in occupational workers and more recently athletes, sport and performance psychology scholars have begun to consider the occupational recovery of the team around the team (i.e., athletic trainers and sport psychology professionals). Like the aforementioned professionals, coaches may be able to use recovery to buffer work-related stressors which can impact their health, work performance, and career longevity. That said, there is a dearth of research on coach recovery, perhaps due to a lack of appropriate measures to study occupational recovery in this specific population. The purpose of the current study, therefore, was to validate the Recovery Experience Questionnaire (REQ) in a coaching population. A sample of 237 collegiate and professional coaches (148 males, 89 females) were recruited from various sports, competitive levels, and roles. In addition to assessing two forms of reliability, a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was conducted to evaluate the four latent variable measurement model of the REQ. Furthermore, correlational analyses were used to demonstrate discriminant validity between the REQ and a measure of perceived stress. Collectively, the results suggest that the REQ possesses strong psychometric properties and is a measure worthy of further exploration and use in an elite coaching population.
This study investigates the complex relationships among organizationally prescribed perfectionism (OPP), job stress, generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), and self-efficacy in artificial intelligence (AI) use in the context of modern workplaces. Drawing on various theories, we hypothesized that OPP would indirectly affect GAD through job stress, and that self-efficacy in AI use would moderate the OPP-job stress link. Using a time-lagged, three-wave survey design, data were gathered from 421 employees across various industries in South Korea. Structural equation modeling and bootstrapping analyses were employed to test the hypothesized relationships. Results indicated that job stress fully mediated the OPP-GAD link, indicating that OPP primarily influences employee mental health through increased job stress. Moreover, self-efficacy in AI use was found to significantly moderate the association between OPP and job stress, such that members with higher AI self-efficacy experienced less job stress in response to OPP. These findings contribute to our understanding of how perfectionistic organizational cultures impact employee well-being through increased job stress. Specifically, our results show that employees with higher AI self-efficacy experienced 21.5% less job stress in response to organizational perfectionism, suggesting that technological competencies serve as a critical buffer against workplace stressors. This study offers important practical implications for organizations, including: (1) the need to balance performance expectations with support systems for employee well-being, (2) the importance of investing in AI training and development programs to enhance employee resilience, and (3) the value of creating organizational cultures that promote both technological adaptation and psychological safety in increasingly AI-integrated work environments.
This research explores the determinants affecting academic researchers’ acceptance of AI writing tools using the Theory of Reasoned Action (TRA). The impact of attitudes, subjective norms, and perceived barriers on researchers’ intentions to adopt these technologies is examined through a cross-sectional survey of 150 researchers. Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) is employed to evaluate the measurement and structural models. Findings confirm the positive influence of favorable attitudes and subjective norms on intentions to use AI writing tools. Interestingly, perceived barriers did not significantly impact attitudes or intentions, suggesting that in the academic context, potential benefits may outweigh perceived obstacles to AI writing tool adoption. Contrarily, perceived barriers do not significantly affect attitudes and intentions directly. The TRA model demonstrates considerable explanatory and predictive capabilities, indicating its effectiveness in understanding AI writing tool adoption among researchers. The study’s diverse sample across various disciplines and career stages provides insights that may be generalizable to similar academic contexts, though further research with larger samples is needed to confirm broader applicability. Results offer practical guidance for tool developers, academic institutions, and publishers aiming to foster responsible and efficient AI writing tool use in academia. Findings suggest strategies such as demonstrating clear productivity gains, establishing AI Writing Tool programs, and developing comprehensive training initiatives could promote responsible adoption. Strategies focusing on cultivating positive attitudes, leveraging social influence, and addressing perceived barriers could be particularly effective in promoting adoption. This pioneering study investigates researchers’ acceptance of AI writing tools using a technology acceptance model, contributing to the understanding of technology adoption in professional contexts and highlighting the importance of field-specific factors in examining adoption intentions and behaviors.
Critical listening, critical reading, and critical thinking are three closely related cognitive skills that aim to evaluate information with an analytical and questioning approach. Critical listening and critical reading, which are receptive language skills, represent the application of critical thinking in different contexts. Critical thinking, which is a productive language skill, provides a framework for these two receptive language skills and enables the evaluation of the accuracy of information accessed through critical listening and critical reading, analyzing different perspectives and making inferences to reach correct conclusions. These two skills support the development of critical thinking skills and contribute to individuals gaining deeper understanding based on the perspective of knowledge. This study aims to determine the relationships between critical listening, critical reading, and critical thinking, the effects of these variables on each other, and the explanation ratios. The study group of this study was determined through simple random sampling, one of the random sampling methods. The participants consisted of 201 teacher candidates studying in the Department of Turkish Language Teaching at a university in the north of Türkiye. The Critical Listening Scale, Critical Thinking Attitude Scale, Critical Reading Self-Efficacy Perception Scale, and a personal information form were used to collect research data. The data collected in the research were analyzed using structural equation modeling via AMOS 22.0. As a result of the research, it was determined that all hypothesis models established based on the relevant literature were valid. Two of the three hypotheses regarding the theoretical model were supported by the data, and one hypothesis was rejected. Critical listening has a direct high level effect on critical thinking and predicts it at a significant level. Critical listening has a direct high-level effect on critical reading and predicts it at a significant level, while explaining 65% of the total variance related to critical reading. The effect of critical reading on critical thinking is insignificant and does not predict critical thinking at a significant level. In the theoretical model created the effect of critical reading on critical thinking is insignificant, but these two variables explain 85% of the variance related to critical thinking. As a result of the research, it can be said that the main predictor of critical thinking is critical listening, and that critical reading and critical thinking develop depending on the development of critical listening.
The direction of the relationship between executive functions (EF) and well-being in terms of healthy aging is poorly understood. Further, notwithstanding theoretical differences regarding the multidimensional nature of well-being, few studies have thoroughly clarified the empirical distinctions between hedonic (i.e., happiness through pleasure and life satisfaction) and eudaimonic (i.e., psychological and social) well-being. Therefore, using a large-scale longitudinal dataset, we investigated the bidirectional associations between EF and three facets of well-being (hedonic well-being, psychological well-being, and social well-being) and whether these relationships differed between middle-aged and older adults. Using autoregressive cross-lagged modeling, we found that the latent variable of EF positively predicted eudaimonic well-being for older adults 9 years later. However, we observed no such relationship for middle-aged adults. Our findings highlight the importance of considering the multifaceted construct of well-being and age-related discontinuity in the associations between EF and well-being.
Music resonates differently in every single person according to human culture and characteristics. Individual differences such as personality traits may play a key role in modulating the emotional response to music and yet relatively little is known about the underlying structure of Italian musical preferences. On these bases, the current research presents a replication of the structure of the MUSIC Model and examines its relationships with personality traits. A sample of 2,104 participants completed an online survey. The current study is divided into three parts: 1) an exploratory factor analysis study, 2) a confirmatory factor analysis study to verify the emerged structure, and 3) a structural equation modeling for the investigation of the relationships between music and personality. Findings confirmed a latent five-factor structure that was labeled as follows: 1) Mellow: classical, gospel, opera, and religious; 2) Unpretentious: alternative, bluegrass, and new age; 3) Sophisticated: jazz, blues, soul R&B; 4) Intense: heavy metal, punk, and rock; and 5) Contemporary: dance electronica, world (international), pop, reggae, and rap hip-hop. Overall, findings suggested musical preferences are subject to some personality traits. These results could be considered a promising starting point to generate new theories to use music in therapeutic contexts for enhancing well-being.
Caribbean health research has overwhelmingly employed measures developed elsewhere and rarely includes evaluation of psychometric properties. Established measures are important for research and practice. Particularly, measures of stress and coping are needed. Stressors experienced by Caribbean people are multifactorial, as emerging climate threats interact with existing complex and vulnerable socioeconomic environments. In the early COVID-19 pandemic, our team developed an online survey to assess the well-being of health professions students across university campuses in four Caribbean countries. This survey included the Perceived Stress Scale, 10-item version (PSS-10) and the Brief Resilient Coping Scale (BRCS). The participants were 1,519 health professions students (1,144 females, 372 males). We evaluated the psychometric qualities of the measures, including internal consistency, concurrent validity by correlating both measures, and configural invariance using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Both scales had good internal consistency, with omega values of 0.91 for the PSS-10 and 0.81 for the BRCS. CFA suggested a two-factor structure of the PSS-10 and unidimensional structure of the BRCS. These findings support further use of these measures in Caribbean populations. However, the sampling strategy limits generalizability. Further research evaluating these and other measures in the Caribbean is desirable.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any references for this publication.