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Structural-parametric model and transfer functions of electroelastic actuator for nano- and microdisplacement
Abstract
We developed a structural-parametric models, obtained solution for the wave equation of electroelastic actuators and constructed their transfer functions. Effects of geometric and physical parameters of electroelastic actuators and external loading on their dynamic characteristics determined. For calculation of automatic control systems for nanometric movements with electroelastic actuators, we obtained the parametric structural schematic diagrams and the transfer functions of piezoactuators. Static and dynamic characteristics of piezoactuators determined.
... the decision of the differential equation of an engine in general has the form The expression of the direct piezo effect [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16] is used ...
... The mechanical characteristic [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] is determined ...
... The adjustment characteristic [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] The expression for the transverse piezo engine is calculated ...
The structural model of an engine is determined for nanomedicine and nanotechnology. The structural scheme of an engine for nanodisplacement is obtained. The matrix equation is constructed for an engine for nanomedicine and nanotechnology
... The expression of electromagnet elasticity [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The differential equation of a nano drive is calculated ( ) ( ) ...
... The expression of the shift magnetostrictive effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] ...
... The structural model on Figure 1 is calculated For a nano drive the mechanical and adjustment characteristics [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] are evaluated ...
... The expression of electromagnet elasticity [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The differential equation of a nano drive is calculated ( ) ( ) ...
... The expression of the shift magnetostrictive effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] ...
... The structural model on Figure 1 is calculated For a nano drive the mechanical and adjustment characteristics [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] are evaluated ...
... The expression of electromagnetoelasticity [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] has the forn -the piezo module, here T j -the mechanical stress, E m -the electric field strength, H m -the magnetic field strength, -the elastic compliance for E= const, H = const, -the piezo module, -the magnetostriction coefficient, S i -the relative deformation, the axis i, j, m. ...
... Therefore, the expression of the reverse piezo effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and the expression of the magnetostrictive effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The expression of the shift inverse piezo effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The differential equation of a nano drive is calculated here , , s, are the transform of displacement, the coordinate, the parameter, the coefficient of propagation. ...
... Therefore, the expression of the reverse piezo effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] and the expression of the magnetostrictive effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The expression of the shift inverse piezo effect [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The differential equation of a nano drive is calculated here , , s, are the transform of displacement, the coordinate, the parameter, the coefficient of propagation. ...
The structural model of a nano drive is determined for biomedical research. The structural scheme of the piezo drive is obtained. The matrix equation is constructed for a nano drive.
... The equation of the inverse the longitudinal piezoelectric effect [7,9] has the following form: ...
... , is the damping coefficient that takes into account the attenuation of oscillations caused by the energy dissipation due to thermal losses during the wave propagation. Using the Laplace transform, we can reduce the original problem for the partial differential hyperbolic equation of type (5) to a simpler problem for the linear ordinary differential equation [8,9] with the parameter of the Laplace operator p. ...
... is the supply voltage, R is the resistance of the external circuit and 0 C is the static capacitance of the piezoactuator. The equation of the inverse shift piezoelectric effect [7,9] for piezoactuator Figure 3 has the following form: ...
... The piezoactuator uses the inverse piezoeffect and serves for the actuation of mechanisms or the management and converts the electrical signals into the displacement and the force [1,2,3,6]. The piezoactuator is applied for the drives of the scanning tunneling microscopes and the atomic force microscopes [14,15,16]. Let us consider the generalized structural-parametric model and the generalized parametric structural schematic diagram of the electroelastic actuator are constructed by solving the wave equation with the Laplace transform for the equation of the electromagnetolasticity, the boundary conditions on loaded working surfaces of the actuator, the strains along the coordinate axes. ...
... In the paper [13] considers the development of various lumped-element models as practical tools to design and manufacture the actuators with the output velocity. In the [14,16,21] were obtained the structural-parametric models, the schematic diagrams for simple piezoactuator and were transformed to the structuralparametric model of the electroelastic actuator. In [8,18] was used the transfer functions of the piezoactuator for the decision problem absolute stability conditions of system controlling the deformation of the electroelastic actuator. ...
... For calculation of the electroelastic actuator is used the wave equation [6,7,11,14] for the wave propagation in a long line with damping but without distortions. After Laplace transform is obtained the linear ordinary second-order differential equation with the parameter p, where the original problem for the partial differential equation of hyperbolic type using the Laplace transform is reduced to the simpler problem [6,14,21] for the linear ordinary differential equation ...
... For control system of nanomedicine and nanotechnology an engine on piezoelectric or electrostrictive effect is applied [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. For the structural schema of an engine its energy transformation is clearly [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The piezo engine is used for precise movements in adaptive optics and microscopy [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. ...
... For the structural schema of an engine its energy transformation is clearly [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The piezo engine is used for precise movements in adaptive optics and microscopy [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26]. ...
... For the longitudinal PZT engine its relative displacement [8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] For the longitudinal PZT engine its displacements ...
... The electromagnetoelastic actuator with the piezoelectric or electrostriction effect for nano robotics system is used in nanotechnology, nano manipulator, nano pump, scanning microscopy, adaptive optics. The use of the electromagnetoelastic actuator is promising in nano robotics system [1][2][3][4][5][6] and nano manipulator [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24] for nanotechnology. The electromagnetoelastic actuator is the electromechanical device for actuating and controlling mechanisms, systems with the conversion of electrical signals into mechanical displacements and forces. ...
... The electromagnetoelastic actuator is the electromechanical device for actuating and controlling mechanisms, systems with the conversion of electrical signals into mechanical displacements and forces. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] The piezo actuator is used for nano scale motion in adaptive optics, laser systems, focusing and image stabilization systems, nano and micro surgery, vibration damping, nano and micro manipulation to penetrate the cell and to work with the genes. The electromagnetoelastic actuator is provided range of movement from nanometers to ten microns; force 1000 N, response 1-10 ms. ...
... For the piezo actuator from ceramic PZT at d 31 = 2⋅10 -10 m/V, l δ = 20, 11 E C = 2⋅10 7 N/m, e C = 0.5⋅10 7 N/m, U = 100 V we obtain values the transfer coefficient for voltage 31 U k = 3.2 nm/V and the displacement l ∆ = 320 nm. Therefore, we have the transfer function for voltage with lumped parameter of the transverse piezo actuator7,11,12,[16][17][18][19]27,31 with fixe one face for the elastic-inertial load in the form ...
... A precision electromagnetoelastic engines in the form of piezo engines or magnetostriction engines are applied in nanomanipulators, nanopumps, scanning microscopes for nanobiomedical research [1][2][3][4][5][6]. The piezo engine is used for nanodisplacements in photolithography, medical equipment of microsurgical operations, adaptive optics systems and fiberoptic systems for transmitting and receiving information [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12]. ...
... The structural diagram of a precision engine for nanobiomedical research is changed from Cady and Mason electrical equivalent circuits [4][5][6][7][8]. For a precision engine the equation of electromagnetoelasticity [2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] ...
... is the transform of Laplace for displacement; p , , c , are the operator of transform, the coefficient of wave propagation, the speed of sound, the coefficien of attenuation. The system of the equations for the forces on faces of a precision engine is written The matrix equation of a precision engine for nanobiomedical research has the form The equation of the direct piezoelectric effect for the piezo engine in nanobiomedical research [10][11][12][13][14] has the form ...
The transfer function and the transfer coefficient of a precision electromagnetoelastic engine for nanobiomedical research are obtained. The structural diagram of an electromagnetoelastic engine has a difference in the visibility of energy conversion from Cady and Mason electrical equivalent circuits of a piezo vibrator. The structural diagram of an electromagnetoelastic engine is founded. The structural diagram of the piezo engine for nanobiomedical research is written. The transfer functions of the piezo engine or are obtained.
... For a sectional electroelastic engine, the equation of the electroelasticity [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29] has the form of the inverse piezoelectric effect ...
... where C e is the rigidity of the load. For a sectional piezoelectric engine at the transverse piezoeffect on Figure 1, the equation of the electroelasticity [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] has the form ...
... For a sectional piezoelectric engine at the longitudinal piezoeffect, the equation of the electroelasticity [6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]28] has the form ...
This work determines the coded control of a sectional electroelastic engine at the elastic–inertial load for nanomechatronics systems. The expressions of the mechanical and adjustment characteristics of a sectional electroelastic engine are obtained using the equations of the electroelasticity and the mechanical load. A sectional electroelastic engine is applied for coded control of nanodisplacement as a digital-to-analog converter. The transfer function and the transient characteristics of a sectional electroelastic engine at elastic–inertial load are received for nanomechatronics systems.
... The piezo actuator is used for matching in nano robotics, adaptive optics, microsurgery, nano pump. The piezo actuator for nano robotics is applied in scanning microscopy, interferometry, automatic focus system and image stabilization [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]. The piezo actuator for nano robotics has the displacement from nanometers to hundreds of micrometers, the force to 1000N, and the transmission band to 100Hz. ...
... The stationary set of the control system of the deformation of the piezo actuator is found. We found the enough condition absolute stability of the control system with the piezo actuator for nano robotics using the Yakubovich [2] frequency criterion, the Yakubovich [2] criterion is development of the Popov criterion [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The hysteresis relative deformation of the piezo actuator on Figure 1 has the form ...
... The expression of the inverse piezoeffect. The expression of the transverse inverse inverse piezoeffect has the form [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The decision of the differential equation is written ...
... From the expression of the transverse inverse piezoeffect and two boundary conditions we have the set of equations By using the decision of the differential equation of the we have the structural model of the transverse piezoactuatorThe expression of the shift inverse inverse piezoeffect has the form[1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] The decision of the differential equation has the form From the expression of the shift inverse piezoeffect and two boundary conditions we have the set of equations By using the decision of the differential equation we have the structural model of the shift in general of the differential equation of the piezoactuator has the form From the expression of the inverse piezoeffect and two boundary conditions we have the set of equations By using the decision in general of the second order ordinary differential equation the structural model in general of the nano piezoactuator is calculated onFigure 1 ...
In the work is calculated of the piezoactuator for astrophysics. The structural scheme of the piezoactuator is determined for astrophysics. The matrix equation is constructed for the piezoactuator. The mechanical characteristic is determined. The parameters of the piezoactuator are obtained in nano control systems for astrophysics.
... [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11] The nano piezoengine is used for biomechanics for scanning microscopy, nano manipulator, dosing device, nano pump. [12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27] In articles 1,3,18 the absolute stability of control system under deterministic influences is considered. The sets of equilibrium positions of the systems the piezoengines under deterministic influences are obtained in articles. ...
... 18,23 Structural models and transfer functions of the piezoengines are defined in. [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22]24,25 In this work the absolute stability of system with the piezoengine under randomly influences is obtained for biomechanics. ...
The sufficient condition of absolute stability system with nano piezoengine by using the derivative of the hysteretic piezoengine deformation is determined for the randomly influences. The set of equilibrium positions of the piezoengine in the control system is stable relative to mathematical expectations, when the condition of absolute stability with the maximum piezo module is met. The statistical linearization method is using for the determination condition of absolute stability control system with the nano piezoengine.
... Consider building the structural model of the piezo engine, representing the system of equations, which describes the structure scheme and conversion the electric energy into mechanical energy and the corresponding displacements and forces at its the ends. The structural scheme and transfer functions of the piezo engine are obtained from its structural model [4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The piezo engine is used for precise adjustment, compensation of the temperature and gravitational deformations in scanning microscopy [16][17][18][19][20][21]. ...
... For the piezo engine from the piezo ceramics PZT the matrix of the elastic compliances has the form for the longitudinal piezoeffect has the parameters: is thickness, 0 S is the area, Р is the direction of the polarization axis 3. [8,[11][12][13][14] has the form: For constructing the structural model of the piezo engine, let us solve simultaneously the Laplace transform of the wave equation, the equation of the inverse longitudinal piezo effect, the equation of the forces acting on the faces of the piezo engine. From the wave equation with using Laplace transform is obtained the linear ordinary second-order differential equation with the parameter s for calculation the structural model of the piezo engine for nanotechnology and nanobiomedicine . ...
The structural model of the electroelastic engine for nanobiomedicine is determined. The structural scheme of the engine is constructed. For the mechatronics systems with the elecroelastic engine its deformations are obtained.
... The structural scheme of the piezo actuator for the nanomedicine research is changed from Cady and Mason electrical equivalent schemes, 6,7 of the piezo actuator. The equation of the inverse piezo effect, 7,9,11 is the piezo module for the voltage control or for the current control, j T is the mechanical stress along axis j, ij s Ψ is the elastic compliance for the control parameter const Ψ = , the indexes i= 1, 2, … , 6; j = 1, 2, … , 6; m = 1, 2, 3. The main size of the piezo actuator along axis i is determined { } , , l h b δ = in form the thickness, the height, the width for the longitudinal, transverse, shift piezo effect. ...
... With using Laplace transform is obtained the linear ordinary secondorder differential equation. The problem for the partial differential equation of hyperbolic type using the Laplace transform is reduced to the simpler problem for the linear ordinary differential equation, 9,11,12 The structural scheme of the piezo actuator, 4,9,11,12 on Figure 1 ...
... Drive on the piezoelectric or electrostriction effects are used for nanomovements. The energy conversion in the structural scheme of the drive is visibility and logical [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. ...
... Two matrix equations [8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] for the piezo drive have the form ...
The structural model of the drive for nanobiotechnology is obtained. The structural scheme of the drive is constructed. In nanobiotechnology for the control systems with the drive its deformations are determined.
... In structural schema of electro elastic engine its energy transformation is clearly [7][8][9][10][11][12]. The piezo engine is applied for precise adjustment for nanochemistry in adaptive optics and scanning microscopy [3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20]. ...
... For an engine its equations in matrixes [8, For piezo engine Figure 1 its relative displacement for 3 axis [8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] has the form where d 33 is piezo coefficient, E 3 is strength electric field on 3 axis, s E 33 is elastic compliance, T 3 is strength mechanical field on 3 axis. The steady-state movement of the transverse piezo engine with fixed one face and at elastic-inertial load has the form For the transverse piezo engine at elastic-inertial load the expression has the form where C l , C E 11 are the stiffness of load and engine, T t , ξ t , ω t are the time constant, the attenuation coefficient and the conjugate frequency of the engine. ...
The structural model of an engine for nanochemistry is obtained. The structural scheme of an engine is constructed. For the control systems in nanochemistry with an elecro elastic engine its characteristics are determined.
... A piezo engine based on the piezoelectric effect is used in the control systems for composite telescope and adaptive optics. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] A piezo engine is applied for precise adjustment, compensation the deformations of composite telescope and scanning microscope. [15][16][17][18][19][20][21] For decisions the displacements and the forces of a piezo engine in the control systems for composite telescope is used the structural model of a piezo engine. ...
... The matrix state equations [8,[11][12][13][14][15][16][17] of a piezo engine have the form ...
The structural model of a piezo engine for composite telescope is constructed. This structural model clearly shows the conversion of electrical energy by a piezo engine into mechanical energy of the control element of a composite telescope. The structural scheme of a piezo engine is determined. For the control systems with a piezo engine its deformations are obtained in the matrix form. This structural model, structural scheme and matrix equation of a piezo engine are applied in calculation the parameters of the control systems for composite telescope.
... The piezo actuator is used in photolithography for nano-and microdisplacements when aligning templates, in medical equipment for precise instrument delivery during microsurgical operations, in optical-mechanical devices, in adaptive optics systems, and in adaptive telescopes [2]. It is also used in stabilization systems for optical-mechanical devices, systems for alignment and tuning of lasers, interferometers, adaptive optical systems and fiber-optic systems for transmitting and receiving information [3]. ...
... Innov. 2020, 3,53 ...
A electroelastic engine with a longitudinal piezoeffect is widely used in nanotechnology for nanomanipulators, laser systems, nanopumps, and scanning microscopy. For these nanomechatronics systems, the transition between individual positions of the systems in the shortest possible time is relevant. It is relevant to solve the problem of optimizing the nanopositioning control system with a minimum control time. This work determines the optimal control of a multilayer electroelastic engine with a longitudinal piezoeffect and minimal control time for an optimal nanomechatronics system. The expressions of the control function and switching line are obtained with using the Pontryagin maximum principle for the optimal control system of the multilayer electroelastic engine at a longitudinal piezoeffect with an ordinary second-order differential equation of system. In this optimal nanomechatronics system, the control function takes only two values and changes once.
... The method of the mathematical physics with Laplace transform we have to build the structural diagram of the electro magneto elastic actuator for nanotechnology and material science. The structural diagram of the electro magneto elastic actuator nano displacement for material science is difference from Cady and Mason electrical equivalent circuits [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. ...
... In the foundation the structural diagram actuator is used decision with Laplace transform the wave equation for the wave propagation in the long line with damping but without distortions. With Laplace transform the original problem for the partial differential equation of hyperbolic type using the Laplace transform is reduced to the simpler problem [8,13,14,18] for the linear ordinary differential equation ...
... The nano piezo engine is used in applied bionics for nano positioning system, dampen mechanical vibrations, adaptive optics, ring quantum generator, scanning microscopy, works with DNA. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] Its scheme is constructed by method mathematical physics for lumped parameters or distributed parameters of nano piezo engine. ...
The schemes with lumped parameters and distributed parameters of the nano piezo engine are constructed for applied bionics. The scheme of the nano piezo engine is founded by method mathematical physics. The displacement matrix of nano engine is determined.
... For nano medical and clinical research, the transverse piezo engine is applied [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15]. The transverse piezo engine is used in nano medical and clinical research, adaptive optics, scanning microscopy . ...
Background/Aim: With the availability of biosimilars, hospital formulary drug selection among biologics extends beyond clinical and safety considerations when comes to hospital resource management, to factors like human resource allocation and financial sustainability. However, research assessing the time and cost of labor, supplies, and waste disposal of biologics from the standpoint of hospitals remains limited. This study focuses on short-acting granulocyte-colony stimulating factor originators (Granocyte® and Neupogen®) and biosimilar (Nivestim®), comparing them based on mean total handling times per dose and total annual expenses. Materials and Methods: Ten nurses from a Taiwanese cancer center were recruited; they each prepared three doses of each drug. Results: Findings showed that the mean total handling times per dose of Granocyte® and Neupogen® were significantly higher than that of Nivestim®. Handling Nivestim® required the lowest total annual expense. Conclusion: Nivestim® is an advantageous alternative to Granocyte® and Neupogen®, benefiting hospital resource management.
... An electroelastic engines based on electroelasticity with piezoelectric and electrostriction effects are used for micro and nano displacement in applied bionics and biomechanics in adaptive optics, scanning microscopy, ring quantum generator, for the actively dampen mechanical vibrations, for penetration to a cells and for the works with a genes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] An electroelastic engine is applied in adaptive optics systems for phase corrections in an interferometer to adjust maximum of the interference image. In scanning probe microscopy, an image of a surface is formed using an electroelastic engine to scan an object. ...
The structural schemes of electroelastic engine micro and nano displacement are determined for applied bionics and biomechanics. The structural scheme of electroelastic engine is constructed by method mathematical physics. The displacement matrix of electroelastic engine micro and nano displacement is determined.
... A piezo actuator is used in astrophysics for image stabilization and scan system. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19] Frequency method for determination self-oscillations in scan system is applied. for Nyquist stability criterion of selfoscillations at harmonious linearization of hysteresis characteristic of a piezo actuator. ...
For the control system with a piezo actuator in astrophysical research the condition for the existence of self-oscillations is determined. Frequency method for determination self-oscillations in control systems is applied. By using the harmonious linearization of hysteresis and Nyquist stability criterion the condition of the existence of self-oscillations is obtained.
... Structurally the multi-layer longitudinal piezo engine, depending on the manufacturing technology, can be made in the form: the composite piezo engine made of individual elastically pressed piezo plates; packaged or block piezo engine made of piezo plates sintered using silver paste; the composite piezo engine made of the piezo packages with elastic reinforcement; the glued multi-layer piezo engine made of the piezo plates; the multi-layer piezo engine with the layers by using thick-film or thin-film. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18] The equation 3−6 of the inverse longitudinal piezo effect has the form C = 2⋅10 8 N/m for 1) U = 50 V; 2) U = 100 V; 3) U = 150 V the parameters of the multi-layer longitudinal piezo engine from ceramic PZT are determined on Figure 1 in the form 1) 3max l ∆ = 1000 nm, 3max ...
The multi-layer longitudinal piezo engine with parallel and coded control is used for nano biomedical research. The characteristics of the multi-layer longitudinal piezo engine with parallel and coded control are determined for nano biomedical research. The characteristics of the multi-layer longitudinal piezo engine are obtained by applied method of mathematical physics.
... The nano piezoactuator works on the basis of the inverse piezoeffect due to its nano deformation at the electric field strength is applied. [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34] On the characteristic of the nano piezoactuator deformation from the electric field strength, the initial curve is observed, on which the vertices of the main hysteresis loops lie. The main hysteresis loops have a symmetric change in the electric field strength relative to zero, and partial loops have an asymmetric change in the strength relative to zero. ...
For the nano piezoactuator with hysteresis in control system its set of equilibrium positions is the segment of line. By applying Yakubovich criterion for system with the nano piezoactuator the condition absolute stability of system is evaluated.
... is the displacement of the section of the piezoactuator, x is the coordinate, t is time, E c is the sound speed for const E = , α is the damping coefficient. Using the Laplace transform , [34][35][36] we can reduce the original problem for the partial differential hyperbolic equation of type (6) to a simpler problem for the linear ordinary differential equation [8,9] with the parameter of the Laplace operator p. ...
Structural-parametric models, parametric structural schematic diagrams and transfer functions of electromagnetoelastic actuators are determined. A generalized parametric structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetoelastic actuator is constructed. Effects of geometric and physical parameters of actuators and external load on its dynamic characteristics are determined. For calculations the mechatronic systems with piezoactuators for nano-and microdisplacement the parametric structural schematic diagrams and the transfer functions of piezoactuators are obtained.
... [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9] The energy conversion is clearly for the structural scheme of a piezoactuator. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16] A piezoactuator is used for the nanodisplacement in adaptive optics and telescopes. [17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26] ...
The structural scheme of a piezoactuator is obtained for astrophysics. The matrix equation is constructed for a piezoactuator. The characteristics of a piezoactuator are received for astrophysics.
... A piezoengine is used for nano displacement in tunnel microscopy, for the nano alignment in adaptive optics, microscopy and interferometers in nanomedicine and applied bionics, for the automatic adjustment of the constant optical parameter of the ring quantum generators, for the actively dampen mechanical vibrations in the laser system, for the deform mirrors and operations with penetration in a cells and for the works with a genes. [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15] A piezoengine with a compact design provides positioning of elements of adaptive systems with an accuracy of up to a nanometer in the range of hundreds of nanometers. These precise parameters of a piezoengine are provided by the use of the reverse piezoelectric effect. ...
The mathematical models of a piezoengine are determined for nanomedicine and applied bionics. The structural scheme of a piezoengine is constructed. The matrix equation is obtained for a piezoengine.
... The electro magneto elastic actuator with the piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, electrostriction, magnetostriction effects is used for nanomedical research in the scanning tunneling microscopy [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9]. For control system of the deformation of the electro magneto elastic actuator its structural diagram, transfer function, characteristics are calculated [9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18]. The structural diagram and matrix transfer function the electro magneto elastic actuator is applied to describe the dynamic and static characteristics of the electro magneto elastic actuator for nanomedical research with regard to its physical parameters and external load [14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28]. ...
... The electromagnetoelastic actuator is the electromechanical device for actuating and controlling mechanisms, systems with the conversion of electrical signals into mechanical displacements and forces. The electromagnetoelastic actuator is provided range of movement from nanometers to ten microns, force 1000 N, response 1-10 ms [16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31][32][33][34]. ...
The regulation and mechanical characteristics of the electromagnetoelastic actuator are obtained for control systems in nano physics and optics sciences for scanning microscopy, adaptive optics and nano biomedicine. The piezo actuator is used for nano manipulators. The matrix transfer function of the electromagnetoelastic actuator is received for nano physics and optics sciences
... In this work the condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for control system of the deformation of the electro magneto elastic actuator is calculated. The control systems with electro magneto elastic actuator on piezoelectric, electrostrictive and magnetostrictive effects solves problems of the precise matching in the nano biomedicine, the compensation of the temperature and gravitational deformations of the equipment, the wave front correction in the adaptive laser system [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]. The piezo actuator for nano biomedicine is used in the scanning tunneling microscope, the scanning force microscope, the atomic force microscope, in the gene manipulator [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29]. ...
... We drew model of the actuator from decision the equation of electromechanics and the second order differential equation [12][13][14][15]. In result we have the mathematical model and the scheme of the actuator for nano biomedical research on Figure 1 with the piezoelectric or magneto strictive effect in the form ...
Decision wave equation, structural - parametric model and block diagram of electro magneto elastic actuators are obtained, its transfer functions are bult. Effects of geometric and physical parameters of electro magneto elastic actuators and external load on its dynamic characteristics are determined. For calculation of communications systems with piezoactuators the block diagram and the transfer functions of piezoactuators are obtained.
Structural-parametric models, parametric structural schematic diagrams and transfer functions of electromagnetoelastic actuators are determined. A generalized parametric structural schematic diagram of the electromagnetoelastic actuator is constructed. Effects of geometric and physical parameters of actuators and external load on its dynamic characteristics are determined. For calculations the mechatronic systems with piezoactuators for nano- and microdisplacement the parametric structural schematic diagrams and the transfer functions of piezoactuators are obtained.
An electromagnetoelastic actuator is electromagnetomechanical device, intended for actuation of mechanisms, systems or management, based on the piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, electrostriction, magnetostriction effects, converts electric or magnetic signals into mechanical movement and force. The piezo actuator is used in vibration compensation and absorption systems in aircraft and rotorcraft elements, in nanotechnology research for scanning microscopy, in laser systems and ring gyroscopes. The structural scheme of an electromagnetoelastic actuator for nanotechnology research is constructed by using the equation of electromagnetoelasticity and the linear ordinary second-order differential equation of the actuator under various boundary conditions. An electromagnetoelastic actuator is using in nanotechnology, microelectronics, nanobiology, astronomy, nanophysics for the alignment, the reparation of the gravitation and temperature deformations. The nanomanipulator with the piezo actuator is applied in the matching systems in nanotechnology. In the present work, the problem of building the structural scheme of the electromagnetoelastic actuator is solving in difference from Mason’s electrical equivalent circuit. The transformation of the structural scheme under various boundary conditions of the actuator is considered. The matrix transfer function is calculated from the set of equations for the structural scheme of the electromagnetoelastic actuator in control system. This matrix transfer function for the deformation of the actuator is used in nanotechnology research. The structural schemes and the elastic compliances of the piezo actuators are obtained by voltage or current control. The structural scheme of the magnetostriction actuator is constructed for nanotechnology research. The characteristics of the piezo actuator are determined. The structural scheme of the piezo actuator with the back electromotive force is obtained. The transformation of the elastic compliances of the piezo actuators is considered for the voltage and current control.
The structural model of the nano piezoengine is determined for applied biomechanics and biosciences. The structural scheme of the nano piezoengine is obtained. For calculation nano systems the structural model and scheme of the nano piezoengine are used, which reflect the conversion of electrical energy into mechanical energy of the control object. The matrix equation is constructed for the nano piezoengine in applied biomechanics and biosciences.
We obtained the deformation, the structural diagram, the transfer functions and the characteristics of the actuator nano and micro displacements for composite telescope in astronomy and physics research. The mechanical and regulation characteristics of the actuator are received.
An electroelastic actuator on the piezoelectric or electrostriction effect is applied in nanotechnology, nanobiology, biomechanics and adaptive optics for the precision matching in nanomechatronics systems. For the analysis and calculation of nanomechatronics systems is used the harmonious linearization of the hysteresis characteristic for an electroelastic actuator. The piezo actuator works on the basis of the inverse piezoelectric effect due to its deformation when the electric field strength is applied. To increase the range of movement of the piezo actuator to tens of micrometers, the multilayer piezo actuator is applied. The piezo actuator is used in nanomechatronics systems for nanodisplacement in adaptive optics, nanotechnology, scanning microscopy, nanobiomechanics, multicomponent telescopes. The coefficients of harmonious linearization for the basic loop characteristic are determined by the method of the theory of nonlinear automatic systems. On the characteristic of the piezo actuator deformation from the electric field strength, the initial curve is observed, on which the vertices of the basic hysteresis loops lie. The basic hysteresis loops have a symmetric change in the electric field strength relative to zero, and partial loops have an asymmetric change in the strength relative to zero. The expressions for the hysteresis basic and local loops of piezo actuator are received. The coefficients of harmonious linearization for the basic loop characteristic of the piezo actuator for nanomechatronics systems are obtained. The basic and local loops for hysteresis characteristics of the piezo actuator are proposed. The expression is determined for the generalized frequency transfer function of the nonlinear link with the hysteresis characteristic of the basic hysteresis loop for the piezo actuator.KeywordsHarmonious linearizationHysteresisBasic and partial loopsDeformationElectroelastic actuatorPiezo actuatorNanomechatronics system
This book presents selected peer-reviewed contributions from the 2020 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2020 (26–29 March 2021, Kitakyushu, Japan), focusing on processing techniques, physics, mechanics, and applications of advanced materials. The book describes a broad spectrum of promising nanostructures, crystal structures, materials, and composites with unique properties. It presents nanotechnological design approaches, environmental-friendly processing techniques, and physicochemical as well as mechanical studies of advanced materials. The selected contributions describe recent progress in computational materials science methods and algorithms (in particular, finite-element and finite-difference modelling) applied to various technological, mechanical, and physical problems. The presented results are important for ongoing efforts concerning the theory, modelling, and testing of advanced materials. Other results are devoted to promising devices with higher accuracy, increased longevity, and greater potential to work effectively under critical temperatures, high pressure, and in aggressive environments.
The electromagnetoelastic actuator on the piezoelectric, piezomagnetic, electrostriction and magnetostriction effects is used in nanoresearch, nanotechnology, nanobiology and adaptive optics. The piezo-actuator is applied in nanotechnology and nanomechanics. The Yakubovich absolute stability criterion of the control system with the condition on the derivative for the hysteresis nonlinearity of the electromagnetoelastic actuator is used. This criterion with the condition on the derivative is development of the Popov absolute stability criterion. The stationary set of the control system for the electromagnetoelastic actuator with the hysteresis deformation is the segment of the straight line. This segment has the points of the intersection of the hysteresis partial loops and the straight line. The absolute stability conditions on the derivative for the control systems with the piezo-actuator at the longitudinal, transverse and shift piezo-effect are received. The condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for the control system for the deformation of the electromagnetoelastic actuator under random impacts in nanoresearch is obtained. For the Lyapunov stable control system this Yakubovich absolute stability criterion has the simplest representation of the result of the investigation of the absolute stability.
In this chapter, the finite element method (FEM) simulation is performed to study the generated stress when the rolling roll is used in the 4-high rolling mill. In order to study the effect of the residual stress, the heating treatment of the work roll is considered before the rolling process. By using the 3D model, we focus on the fatigue failure near the boundary layer, where the work roll received load from the backup roll and the rolled steel. The fatigue failure is discussed focusing on several critical points inside of the work roll. Results of the generated rolling stress are compared between the superposition method and the finite element method (FEM) analysis.
This book presents selected peer-reviewed contributions from the 2019 International Conference on “Physics and Mechanics of New Materials and Their Applications”, PHENMA 2019 (Hanoi, Vietnam, 7–10 November, 2019), divided into four scientific themes: processing techniques, physics, mechanics, and applications of advanced materials. The book describes a broad spectrum of promising nanostructures, crystals, materials and composites with special properties. It presents nanotechnology approaches, modern environmentally friendly techniques and physical-chemical and mechanical studies of the structural-sensitive and physical–mechanical properties of materials. The obtained results are based on new achievements in material sciences and computational approaches, methods and algorithms (in particular, finite-element and finite-difference modeling) applied to the solution of different technological, mechanical and physical problems. The obtained results have a significant interest for theory, modeling and test of advanced materials. Other results are devoted to promising devices demonstrating high accuracy, longevity and new opportunities to work effectively under critical temperatures and high pressures, in aggressive media, etc. These devices demonstrate improved comparative characteristics, caused by developed materials and composites, allowing investigation of physio-mechanical processes and phenomena based on scientific and technological progress.
We obtained the condition absolute stability on the derivative for the control system of electromagnetoelastic actuator for communication equipment. We applied the frequency methods for Lyapunov stable control system to calculate the condition absolute stability control system of electromagnetoelastic actuator. We used Yakubovich criterion absolute stability system with the condition on the derivative. The aim of this work is to determine the condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for the control system of electromagnetoelastic actuator. We received the stationary set of the control system of the hysteresis deformation of the electromagnetoelastic actuator. The stationary set is the segment of the straight line.
The stationary set of the control system of the hysteresis deformation of the electro magneto elastic actuator is the segment of the straight line. The aim of this work is to determine the condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for control system of the deformation of the electro magneto elastic actuator in automatic nanomanipulators for Nano science and Nano biomedicine research. The frequency methods for Lyapunov stable control system are used to calculate the condition the absolute stability of the control system with electro magneto elastic actuator. In result we obtained the condition of the absolute stability on the derivative for the control system with the electro magneto elastic actuator in automatic nanomanipulators for Nano science and Nano biomedicine research.
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