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Journal of the American Society for Information Science (JASIS): Past, present and future
Abstract
This paper explores how the Journal of the American Society for Information Science (JASIS) has developed and what it might become, Topics covered include JASIS versus other ASIS publications, types of papers in JASIS, authors, competing journals, content scope, electronic enhancements, and how information scientists might shape the future of JASIS.
... Turney (2000) and Frank et al. (1999) used a decision tree to extract keyphrases based on various features indicating the importance of a term. Besides the classic features for salience and importance, inverted document and term frequency Salton et al. (1975), they also introduce new features like the position of a word in the text and features indicating the 'keywordness', the suitability of a word as keyword. Srihari et al. (2000) developed a multimedia information retrieval system, using various textual and visual features from the images as well as from their caption and context. ...
... In image search, often the user does not have an exact target in mind [12]. Furthermore, images often lack textual cues and might have many different meanings embedded in a single image [13], making them difficult to support with only text-based search. ...
In this paper, we evaluate managing huge sets of visual content as we know handling large image collections has always been a challenge for technologists. With the rise of various social media platforms that aggregate a vast amount visual data it causes new implications not only for the computer scientists but also for curators, designers, social scientists, statisticians and end users: how to navigate the data efficiently, access to new levels of exploration and visualize the content without too many details being lost. With more and more such platforms, the bigger this challenge is going to get. In 22 semi structured surveys in Oslo (Norway), we find that a set of factors intermix to inform perceptions about large image collections - including how often they look-over large image collections.
... Authorship pattern and collaborative work analysis is a promising area of bibliometric studies (Smith, 1999). The findings represent specific trends of research productivity as a single author, and multiple authors on collaborative works (Table 1), using Subramanyam (1983) Results describe that 18,371 authors were considered as a first author while 23,898 were considered as all authors. ...
This article highlights the research productivity and scholarly communication of library and information science professionals during 2003–2012 by using Web of Science databases from 40 library and information science core journals. Data was interpreted by using two open-source software Vantage point (powerful text-mining tool for discovering meaningful result from raw data) and CiteSpace II to visualize the library and information science growth and trends. Underlying results indicated that mainstream of authors (12,847, 69.9%) published their article as a single author from 2003–2009, this trend has declined and collaborative number of publications trend has inclined during the last 3 years. The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign produced 95 (0.52%) of the total publications and stands at the leading position. The maximum number of publications was carried out by universities rather than non-academic institutions. This article identified that Asian countries, such as China, Taiwan, India, and Iran, are still in its infancy stage. The present study could be considered as a useful tool for effective allocation of research funds in the research community and academic world of library and information science to enhance the research process.
... Authorship pattern and collaborative work analysis is a promising area of bibliometric studies (Smith, 1999). The findings represent specific trends of research productivity as a single author, and multiple authors on collaborative works (Table 1), using Subramanyam (1983) formula to evaluate the authorship pattern and analysis of degree collaboration among LIS researchers: ...
This article highlights the research productivity and scholarly communication of library and information science professionals during 2003–2012 by using Web of Science databases from 40 library and information science core journals. Data was interpreted by using two open-source software Vantage point (powerful text-mining tool for discovering meaningful result from raw data) and CiteSpace II to visualize the library and information science growth and trends. Underlying results indicated that mainstream of authors (12,847, 69.9%) published their article as a single author from 2003–2009, this trend has declined and collaborative number of publications trend has inclined during the last 3 years. The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign produced 95 (0.52%) of the total publications and stands at the leading position. The maximum number of publications was carried out by universities rather than non-academic institutions. This article identified that Asian countries, such as China, Taiwan, India, and Iran, are still in its infancy stage. The present study could be considered as a useful tool for effective allocation of research funds in the research community and academic world of library and information science to enhance the research process.
... Use of the linguistic approaches or statistical approach alone does not provide an effective result (Pazienza et al., 2005). There are only a few works that use only the statistical method without touching any of the linguistic approaches (Jones et al., 1990;Salton et al., 1975) . In this research, we therefore chose to use a hybrid approach for the lecture slide materials. ...
Digital materials not only provide opportunities as enablers of e-learning development, but also create a new challenge. The current e-materials provided on a course website are individually designed for learning in classrooms rather than for revision. In order to enable the capability of e-materials to support a students revision, we need an efficient system to associate related pieces of different e-materials. In this case, the features of each item of e-material, including the structure and the technical terms they contain, need to be studied and applied in order to calculate the similarity between relevant e-materials. Even though difficulties regarding technical term extraction and the similarities between two text documents have been widely discussed, empirical experiments for particular types of e-learning materials (for instance, lecture slides and past exam papers) are still rare. In this paper, we propose a framework and relatedness model for associating lecture slides and past exam paper materials to support revision based on Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. We compare and evaluate the efficiency of different combinations of three weighted schemes, term frequency (TF), inverse document frequency (IDF), and term location (TL), for calculating the relatedness score. The experiments were conducted on 30 lectures (∼ 900 slides) and 3 past exam papers (12 pages) of a data structures course at the authors' institution. The findings indicate the appropriate features for calculating the relatedness score between lecture slides and past exam papers.
The field of information science has been documented in several ways during its existence and in some ways has mirrored that of other scientific disciplines during the same period. This article examines variables related to author gender of information science articles in American Documentation (AD) during its entire run, 1950 through 1969. Published by the American Documentation Institute, AD was a primary information science journal of its time, changing its name in 1970 to the Journal of the American Society for Information Science (JASIS), corresponding with the change of the parent organization`s name to the American Society for Information Science (1968). AD was preceded by an earlier "information science" publication, the Journal of Documentary Reproduction (JDR), 1938-1942, issued by the American Library Association. Studies indicate that females contributed about 8% for the entire run of articles in JDR (1938-1942) and about 22% for the first twenty-seven years of JASIS (1970-1996). The present study explores the nature of female contributions to AD for the middle period (1950-1969). It has been determined that for the entire run of the journal under the name AD, female authors comprised about 17% of the contributors, which places their publishing percentage for this period between the earlier and later periods, thus expectedly filling the gap.
Purpose
This study aims to explore the journal bibliometric characteristics of the Journal of Documentation (JOD) and the subject relationship with other disciplines by citation analysis.
Design/methodology/approach
The citation data were drawn from references of each article of JOD during 1998 and 2008. Ulrich's Periodicals Directory , Library of Congress Subject Heading, retrieved from the WorldCat and LISA database were used to identify the main class, subclass and subject of cited journals and books.
Findings
The results of this study revealed that journal articles are the most cited document, followed by books and book chapters, electronic resources, and conference proceedings, respectively. The three main classes of cited journals in JOD papers are library science, science, and social sciences. The three subclasses of non‐LIS journals that were highly cited in JOD papers are Science, “Mathematics. Computer science”, and “Industries. Land use. Labor”. The three highly cited subjects of library and information science journals encompass searching, information work, and online information retrieval. The most cited main class of books in JOD papers is library and information science, followed by social sciences, science, “Philosophy. Psychology. Religion.” The three highly cited subclasses of books in JOD papers are “Books (General). Writing. Paleography. Book industries and trade. Libraries. Bibliography,” “Philology and linguistics,” and Science, and the most cited subject of books is information storage and retrieval systems.
Originality/value
Results for the present research found that information science, as represented by JOD , is a developing discipline with an expanding literature relating to multiple subject areas.
The purpose of this study is to explore the relationship between Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (JASIST), and other disciplines by citation analysis. The citation data were drawn from references of each article of JASIST in 1980, 1985, 1990, 1995, 2000 and 2004. The Ulrich's Periodical Directory, Library of Congress Subject Heading, retrieved from the WorldCat and LISA database were used to identify the main class, subclass and subject of cited journals and books. The results of this study revealed that the production rate of JASIST literature doubles and the average number of references cited per paper is also increased 2 to 3 times in a period of about 25 years. Beginning in 1995, there has been a significant increase in the number of electronic resources and constitutes 5% of all document types in 2004. JASIST itself is the most highly cited, and is followed by four library and information science (LIS) journals, namely Information Processing and Management , Journal of Documentation , Annual Review of Information Science and Technology and Journal of Information Science . The number of countries publishing the cited journal increases from 9 to 26 within 25 years. The three main classes of journals that were cited by JASIST most are library science (50%), science (22.7%) and social sciences (6.3%). The three subclasses of LIS encompass general bibliography, machine methods of information & retrieval and mechanized bibliographic control and library & information science. The top five most cited books of JASIST are Smart Retrieval System—Experiments in Automatic Document Processing, Introduction to Modern Information Retrieval , Information Retrieval , Little Science and Big Science , Information Seeking in Electronic Environments , Information Retrieval: Data Structure and Algorithms . The most cited books of JASIST are quite dispersive and science is the most cited class followed by LIS, social sciences, philosophy/psychology/religion, and the most cited subject is computerized information retrieval and mechanized bibliographic control.
This study used citation analysis method to identify the 40 classics published in the Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology from 1956 to 2007. Yhe year and subject distributions of these classic references reflect the history and the current status
of information science.
Employing a citation analysis, this study explored and compared the bibliometric characteristics and the subject relationship
with other disciplines of and among the three leading information science journals, Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (JASIST), Information Processing and Management and Journal of Documentation. The citation data were drawn from references of each article of the three journals during 1998 and 2008. The Ulrich’s Periodical
Directory, Library of Congress Subject Heading, retrieved from the WorldCat, and LISA database were used to identify the main
class, subclass and subject of cited journals and books. Quantitative results on the number of JASIST, IPM and JOD literature
references, average number of references cited per paper, document type of cited literature and the journal self-citation
rate are reported. Moreover, the highly cited journals and books, the main classes and subclasses of cited journals and books
in papers of the three journals, the highly cited subjects in journals and books of library and information science were identified
and analyzed. Comparison on the characteristics of cited journals and books confirmed that all the three journals under study
are information science oriented, except JOD which is library science orientation. JASIST and IPM are very much in common
and diffuse to other disciplines more deeply than JOD.
Research into information retrieval (IR) cannot yet answer the basic question of how we can design IR systems to help people search for information with optimal levels of effectiveness. In relation to human-system interaction, we have failed to develop any valid and at the same time robust user models capable of driving practical system development. If we strip away assumptions and over-optimism relating to the generalisability of what are essentially sporadic and fragmented research efforts, the great “darkness to light” ratio characterising our knowledge of human aspects of IR becomes apparent. From a more critical and pessimistic (but by no means less realistic) perspective, we are getting nowhere fast. A range of strategies is proposed to improve the situation by supporting relatively “horizontal” as well as “vertical” knowledge integration. These consist of: greater use of pluralistic research approaches; enhanced access to research data; more multidisciplinary and multi-perspective integrative reviews and conceptual mappings; and establishing a greater critical mass of published research findings sufficient to support the generation of a less sparse and fragmented evidence-based knowledge map. The potential of electronic publishing and data access for helping achieve these goals is discussed.
The Journal of the American Society for Information Science and Technology (JASIST) has been playing a vital role in the dissemination of scholarly articles in library and information science since 1950. This paper presents the results of a bibliometric study of articles published in the JASIST from 2000 to 2007. It examines the distribution of papers under various headings, including authorship pattern and nature of collaboration, geographic distribution of articles, nature of cited and citing references, prolific authors and highly cited authors. Data were collected using the Web of Science and analyzed using Microsoft Excel. Results indicate that during the sample period the rate of publication was uneven and the most prominent form of publication was articles. The trend of authorship pattern of articles is towards collaboration and authors from 47 countries contributed articles. The country-wise distribution reveals that the highest number of contributions was made by US authors followed by the UK. The number of references cited per article increased from 2000—2007 whereas articles received citations in decreasing numbers during the same period. The results suggest that articles need to have been published for more than 2 years before they receive adequate numbers of citations.
This paper discusses the topics, article length, number of title words, writing language, and the condition of co-author and the highly productive authors from the 1,536 articles published by Journal of Educational Media & Library Sciences(JoEMLS) from 1970 to 2010. The distribution of content and topics, as well as citation analysis are also investigated from the 304 articles in the years between 2000 and 2010. It is expected to unfold the development of the past 40 years of JoEMLS in the LIS research field and practitioners.
Most clustering representations of journal-to-journal networks are static and pay little attention to the intellectual state of a discipline(s). The status-role hypothesis is no exception, notwithstanding its substantive grounding and confirmation for both psychological- and sociological-journal networks at distinct time points. A critical test of this hypothesis is provided in a pair of geographical-journal networks for 1970–1972 and for 1980–1982. The latter was generated after a period of great change and intellectual ferment. As expected, the status-role hypothesis was confirmed for 1970–1972 but not for 1980–1982. This result indicates the need to consider wider disciplinary conditions when interpreting clustering representation of journal networks. It also implies a need to consider the time scale of the social processes of science. A related hypothesis of a center-periphery structure for journal networks was confirmed for both periods. © 1988 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
During the period 1985–1995 Daniel Koshland was Editor-in-Chief of the journal Science. As such he exerted a huge influence on all aspects related to content and lay-out of the journal. This study compares Science's bibliometric characteristics between three periods: a pre-Koshland (1975–1984) period, the Koshland period (1985–1995) and the post-Koshland period (1996–2006). The distributions of document types, the country/territory and institutional distribution of authors, co-authorship data and disciplinary impact measured by subject categories of citations are studied. These bibliometric characteristics unveil some of the changes the journal went through under the leadership of Daniel Koshland.
In this work, we compare standard global IR searching with more localized techniques to address the database selection problem. We conduct a series of experiments to compare the retrieval effectiveness of three separate search modes using a hierarchically structured data environment of textual databse representations. The data environment is represented as a tree-like structure containing over 15,000 unique databases and approximately 100,000 total leaf nodes. The search modes consist of varying degrees of browse and search, from a global search at the root node to a refined search at a sub-node using dynamically-calculated inverse document frequencies (idfs) to score the candidate databases for probable relevance. Our findings indicate that a browse plus search approach that relies upon localized searching from sub-nodes in this environment produces the most effective results.
The goal of the scientometric analysis presented in this article was to investigate international and regional (i.e., German-language) periodicals in the field of library and information science (LIS). This was done by means of a citation analysis and a reader survey. For the citation analysis, impact factor, citing half-life, number of refer- ences per article, and the rate of self-references of a periodical were used as indicators. In addition, the lead- ing LIS periodicals were mapped. For the 40 interna- tional periodicals, data were collected from ISI's Social Sciences Citation Index Journal Citation Reports (JCR); the citations of the 10 German-language journals were counted manually (overall 1,494 source articles with 10,520 citations). Altogether, the empirical base of the citation analysis consisted of nearly 90,000 citations in 6,203 source articles that were published between 1997 and 2000. The expert survey investigated reading fre- quency, applicability of the journals to the job of the reader, publication frequency, and publication prefer- ence both for all respondents and for different groups among them (practitioners vs. scientists, librarians vs. documentalists vs. LIS scholars, public sector vs. infor- mation industry vs. other private company employees). The study was conducted in spring 2002. A total of 257 questionnaires were returned by information spe- cialists from Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Having both citation and readership data, we performed a com- parative analysis of these two data sets. This enabled us to identify answers to questions like: Does reading be- havior correlate with the journal impact factor? Do read- ers prefer journals with a short or a long half-life, or with a low or a high number of references? Is there any dif- ference in this matter among librarians, documentalists, and LIS scholars?
The development of electronic publishing heralds a new period in scientific communications. Besides the obvious advantages of an almost endless storage and transport capacity, many new features come to the fore. As each technology finds its own expressions in the ways scientific communications take form, we analyse print on paper scientific articles in order to obtain the necessary ingredients for shaping a new model for electronic communications. A short historical overview shows that the typical form of the present-day linear (essay-type) scientific article is the result of a technological development over the centuries. The various characteristics of print on paper are discussed and the foreseeable changes to a more modular form of communication in an electronic environment are postulated. Subsequently we take the functions of the present-day scientific article vis-à-vis the author and the reader as starting points. We then focus on the process of scientific information transfer and deal essentially with the information consumption by the reader. Different types of information, at present intermingled in the linear article, can be separated and stored in well-defined, cognitive, textual modules. To serve the scientists better in finding their way through the information overload of today, we conclude that the electronic information transfer of the future will be, in essence, a transfer of well-defined, cognitive information modules. In the last part of this article we outline the first steps towards a new heuristic model for such scientific information transfer.
This study presents an extensive domain analysis of a discipline - information science - in terms of its authors. Names of those most frequently cited in 12 key journals from 1972 through 1995 were retrieved from Social Scisearch via DIALOG. The top 120 were submitted to author co-citation analyses, yielding automatic classifications relevant to histories of the field. Tables and graphics reveal: (1) The disciplinary and institutional affiliations of contributors to information science; (2) the specialty structure of the discipline over 24 years; (3) authors' memberships in 1 or more specialties; (4) inertia and change in authors' positions on 2-dimensional subject maps over 3 8-year subperiods, 1972-1979, 1980-1987, 1988-1995; (5) the 2 major subdisciplines of information science and their evolving memberships; (6) "canonical" authors who are in the top 100 in all three subperiods; (7) changes in authors' eminence and influence over the subperiods, as shown by mean co-citation counts; (8) authors with marked changes in their mapped positions over the subperiods; (9) the axes on which authors are mapped, with interpretations; (10) evidence of a paradigm shift in information science in the 1980s; and (11) evidence on the general nature and state of integration of information science. Statistical routines include ALSCAL, INDSCAL, factor analysis, and cluster analysis with SPSS; maps and other graphics were made with DeltaGraph. Theory and methodology are sufficiently detailed to be usable by other researchers.
The issue of free-text versus controlled vocabulary is examined in this article. The history of the issue, which is seen as beginning with the debate over title term indexing in the last century, is reviewed and then attention is turned to questions which have not been satisfactorily addressed by previous research. The point is made that these questions need to be answered if we are to design retrieval tools, such as thesauri, upon a rational basis. © 1986 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
In seeking a new sense of identity, we ask, in this article, the questions: What is information science? What does the information scientist do? Tentative answers to these questions are given in the hope of stimulating discussion that will help clarify the nature of our field and our work.