GSM Based AMR

Abstract

GSM based AMR has low infrastructure cost and it reduces man power. The system is fully automatic, hence the probability of error is reduced. The data is highly secured and it not only solve the problem of traditional meter reading system but also provides additional features such as power disconnection, reconnection and the concept of power management. The database stores the current month and also all the previous month data for the future use. Hence the system saves a lot amount of time and energy. Due to the power fluctuations, there might be a damage in the home appliances. Hence to avoid such damages and to protect the appliances, the voltage controlling method can be implemented.

Full text

ISSN (ONLINE) : 2395-695X
ISSN (PRINT) : 2395-695X
Available online at www.ijarbest.com
International Journal of Advanced Research in Biology, Ecology, Science and Technology (IJARBEST)
Vol. 1, Issue 4, July 2015
26
All Rights Reserved © 2015 IJARBEST
GSM Based AMR
G.Poncelina1, M.Poolammal2, S.Priyanka3, M.Rakshana4, Praghash.K.5, Christo Ananth6
U.G.Scholars, Department of ECE, Francis Xavier Engineering College, Tirunelveli1,2,3,4
P.G. Scholar, M.E. Communication Systems, Francis Xavier Engineering College, Tirunelveli5
Associate Professor, Department of ECE, Francis Xavier Engineering College, Tirunelveli 6
Abstract— GSM based AMR has low infrastructure
cost and it reduces man power. The system is fully
automatic, hence the probability of error is reduced. The
data is highly secured and it not only solve the problem
of traditional meter reading system but also provides
additional features such as power disconnection,
reconnection and the concept of power management.
The database stores the current month and also all the
previous month data for the future use. Hence the
system saves a lot amount of time and energy. Due to the
power fluctuations, there might be a damage in the home
appliances. Hence to avoid such damages and to protect
the appliances, the voltage controlling method can be
implemented.
Index Terms—GSM, AMR, Power Management
I. INTRODUCTION
In those days traditional meters are used for
energy meter reading. At the end of each month a person
from the EB office comes to the home for taking the meter
reading. This takes much time and also causes error in
reading. To overcome this problem, we use GSM based
Automatic Meter Reading system. The development of a
GSM automatic power meter reading system (GAPMR) is
presented in [1]. GAPMR System consists of GSM Digital
power Meters installed in every consumer unit and
Electricity e-billing system at every provider side. It
consists of standard compliance digital kWh power meter
with embedded GSM modem which utilizes the GSM
network to send its power usage reading using SMS back to
energy provider wirelessly. At the power provider side an
e-billing system is used to manage all received SMS meter
reading, compute the billing cost, update the database, and
to publish the billing notification to its respective consumer
through SMS.
The remedy for all the problems like is labor
consuming, errors with electro-mechanical meters, human
errors while noting down the meter readings etc, is the
GPMC GSM based power meter and control system[2]. In
this system the track of the meter reading of each day and the
reading with the user identification number send to the user
as well as to the electricity department and Electricity
e-billing system associated with electricity department will
keep the track of each SMS meter reading and the
appropriate bill get generated at the last day of the month
and the bill is forwarded to user from the server. So there is
no chance of confusion to the user for paying the bill.
II. PROPOSED SYSTEM
Fig.1. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF AMR SYSTEM PLACED AT HOME
Microcontroller is interfaced with the GSM module and
energy meter. According to the power consumption, the
meter reading continuously gets incremented. For the
implementation of this system, a SIM card is required for the
GSM module and an identification (ID) number is allotted to
each customer. According to the requirement of the data,
electricity department can send a message to the particular
customer’s energy meter. When microcontroller receives
the message, its respective port bits are high and an
interrupt signal occurs.
Microcontroller starts to execute to the interrupt service
subroutine until it reaches last instruction of the subroutine.
After the execution of RET instruction, microcontroller
returns to the main program and continues incrementing.
Every one month, the data will be sent to the electricity
board automatically and also the electricity board can access
the system at any time on request. Receiving this meter
reading every month, the bill amount is calculated and sent
to the microcontroller which displays the unit consumed
and the bill amount. Notifying this message on the LCD
display, the customer has to pay the bill on time that can be
done through credit card, debit card or even by net banking.
A separate database is followed by the authority that stores
all the information about each customer and their bill
statement. Failing to pay the bill will lead to the power
disconnection that is again done by the microcontroller by
receiving the message from the electricity board.

ISSN (ONLINE) : 2395-695X
ISSN (PRINT) : 2395-695X
Available online at www.ijarbest.com
International Journal of Advanced Research in Biology, Ecology, Science and Technology (IJARBEST)
Vol. 1, Issue 4, July 2015
27
T (inst) = (MC

Cn) / (crystal frequency)
III. SYSTEM DESIGN
The microcontroller used here is P89C51RD2BN.The
expansion of the part number of this microcontroller is given
below.
Fig.2. 89C51 MICROCONTROLLER
The P89C51RD2BN contains a non-volatile 64KB
Flash program memory that is both parallel programmable
and serial In-System and In- Application Programmable.
In-System Programming (ISP) allows the user to download
new code while the microcontroller sits in the application.
In- Application Programming (IAP) means that the
microcontroller fetches new program code and reprograms
itself while in the system. This allows for remote
programming over a modem link. A default serial loader
(boot loader) program in ROM allows serial In-System
programming of the Flash memory via the UART without
the need for a loader in the Flash code. For In-Application
Programming, the user program erases and reprograms the
Flash memory by use of standard routines contained in
ROM. The device supports 6-clock/12-clock mode
selection by programming a Flash bit using parallel
programming or In-System Programming. In addition, an
SFR bit (X2) in the clock control register (CKCON) also
selects between 6-clock/12-clock mode. Additionally, when
in 6-clock mode, peripherals may use either 6 clocks per
machine cycle or 12 clocks per machine cycle. The device
also has four 8-bit I/O ports, three 16- bit timer/event
counters, a multi-source, four-priority-level, nested interrupt
structure, an enhanced UART and on-chip oscillator and
timing circuits. The added features of the P89C51RD2BN
make it a powerful microcontroller for applications that
require pulse width modulation, high-speed I/O and
up/down counting capabilities such as motor control.
The time to execute the instruction is calculated
by using the following expression,
Number of Machine Cycles for an instruction to execute
and Cn is the number of clock cycles for one machine cycle.
For 89C51RD2BN the number of clock cycles for one
machine cycle is 12. For example, if the number of machine
cycles to execute a instruction is 1 and the oscillator
frequency used is 11.0592MHz, the time to execute an
instruction is 1.085s.
Basic Features of 89C51

80C51 Central Processing Unit

On-chip Flash Program Memory with In-System
Programming (ISP)

In Application Programming (IAP) capability
Boot ROM contains low-level Flash
programming routines for downloading
via the UART
Supports 6-clock/12-clock mode via
parallel programmer (default clock mode
after Chip Erase is 12-clock

6-clock/12-clock mode Flash bit erasable and
programmable via ISP
6-clock/12-clock mode programmable
“on-the-fly” by SFR bit
Peripherals (PCA, timers, UART) may
use either 6-clock or 12- clock mode
while the CPU is in 6-clock mode
Speed up to 20 MHz with 6-clock cycles
per machine cycle (40 MHz equivalent
performance); up to 33 MHz with 12
clocks per machine cycle
Fully static operation
RAM expandable externally to 64-kilo
bytes
Four interrupt priority levels
Seven interrupt sources
Four 8-bit I/O ports
Full-duplex enhanced UART

Framing error detection

Automatic address recognition

Power control modes
Clock can be stopped and resumed
Idle mode

Power down mode

Programmable clock-out pin
Second DPTR register
Asynchronous port reset
Low EMI (inhibit ALE)
Programmable Counter Array (PCA)
PWM
Capture/compare
Liquid crystals are a phase of matter whose order is
intermediate between that of a liquid and that of a crystal.
The molecules are typically rod-shaped organic matters
about 25 Angstroms in length and their ordering is a function
of temperature. The molecular orientation can be controlled
with applied electric fields. LCD is made up of two sheets
of polarizing material with the liquid crystal solution
between them. An electric current passed through the

ISSN (ONLINE) : 2395-695X
ISSN (PRINT) : 2395-695X
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International Journal of Advanced Research in Biology, Ecology, Science and Technology (IJARBEST)
Vol. 1, Issue 4, July 2015
28
liquid causes the crystals to align so that light
cannot pass through them, which results in display of
character as per the applied voltage in its data lines. The
driver is provided to drive the LCD. It stores the display data
transferred from the microcontroller in the internal display
RAM and generates dot matrix liquid crystal driving signals.
Each bit data of display RAM corresponds to on/off state of
a dot of a liquid crystal
display.
Fig.3. LCD PIN DESCRIPTION
A type of relay that can handle the high power
required to directly control an electric motor or other loads
is called a contactor. Solid-state relays control power
circuits with no moving parts, instead using a
semiconductor device to perform switching. Relays with
calibrated operating characteristics and sometimes multiple
operating coils are used to protect electrical circuits from
overload or faults; in modern electric power systems these
functions are performed by digital instruments still called
"protective relays".
IV. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
GSM was designed to grow and meet the needs
of new technologies. GSM is currently composed of EDGE,
3GSM, and GPSR. Each member of the family is designed
to solve a particular need.
EDGE is an upper level component used for
advanced mobile services such as downloading music clips,
video clips, and multimedia messages. GPSR is designed for
“always-on” systems that are needed for web-browsing.
3GSM is the GSM running on third generation standards for
multimedia services.
GSM Network consists of three main parts:

Mobile Station (MS): carried by the subscriber.

Base Station Subsystem (BSS): controls radio
link with mobile station. Network & Switching
Subsystem (NSS): mobility management and
switching of calls between mobile users, and
between mobile and fixed network users.
Fig.4.LAYOUT OF SYSTEM PLACED AT EBOFFICE
V. CONCLUSION
GSM based AMR has low infrastructure cost and it
reduces man power. The system is fully automatic, hence the
probability of error is reduced. The data is highly secured
and it not only solve the problem of traditional meter reading
system but also provides additional features such as power
disconnection, reconnection and the concept of power
management. The database stores the current month and
also all the previous month data for the future use. Hence the
system saves a lot amount of time and energy. Due to the
power fluctuations, there might be a damage in the home
appliances. Hence to avoid such damages and to protect
the appliances, the voltage controlling method can be
implemented.
REFERENCES
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[2] Bharath, P.; Ananth, N.; Vijetha, S.; Prakash, K.V.J.; 2008
“Wireless Automated Digital Energy Meter” in Sustainable Energy
Technologies, ICSET.
[3] Chih-Hung Wu; Shun-Chien Chang; Yu-Wei Huang; 2004 IEEE
“Design of a wireless ARM-based automatic meter reading and control
system” in Power Engineering Society General Meeting.
[4] Liting Cao, Jingwen Tian and Dahang Zhang, 2006 IEEE “Networked
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[5] Liting Cao, Wei Jiang, Zhaoli Zhang Oct. 2006, 2009 Automatic Meter
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