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City-scale weather monitoring with campus networks for disaster management: Case study in Hyderabad
Abstract
A weather station with communication capability allows remote weather monitoring, which observations help us to estimate flooding and to make an alarm for evacuation from potential weather-related disasters. Rainfall often comes with a very local weather phenomenon, and to capture them, we have to deploy many weather stations geographically densely. This paper provides our study on a city-scale weather monitoring system for disaster management applications. We have identified a compact observation scheme for city-scale weather monitoring with campus networks, and developed our weather stations. In this work, we have deployed our weather stations at 18 locations over the city of Hyderabad India, and evaluated the performance of our city-scale weather monitoring system. With our preliminary analysis on the observations of 15th June 2014, we confirmed that our system had detected very heavy, local and short-term rainfall, sudden temperature changes, sudden wind changes, and rapid and very local air pressure changes. These results indicate that we can use this type of city-scale weather monitoring system for capturing the local weather phenomenon and for disaster management applications.
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The fieldserver is an Internet based observation robot that can provide an outdoor solution for monitoring environmental parameters in real-time. The data from its sensors can be collected to a central server infrastructure and published on the Internet. The information from the sensor network will contribute to monitoring and modeling on various environmental issues in Asia, including agriculture, food, pollution, disaster, climate change etc. An initiative called Sensor Asia is developing an infrastructure called Sensor Service Grid (SSG), which integrates fieldservers and Web GIS to realize easy and low cost installation and operation of ubiquitous field sensor networks.
Intelligent buildings are getting data-centric - they archive the historical records of motion detectors, power usages, HVAC statuses, weather, and any other information in order to improve their control strategies. The engineering cost of installation and maintenance of such systems should be minimized as the system owner has to operate them for several decades: i.e., the lifetime of the building. However, there are several design pitfalls that multiply such engineering costs, which make the operation heavy burden. This paper identifies those pitfalls and presents technical challenges that enable lightweight installation and maintenance. We, then, design facility information access protocol (FIAP) for data-centric building automation systems. We carried out FIAP-based system integration into a building of the University of Tokyo, and demonstrate that FIAP enables incremental installation for wide varieties of applications with small engineering costs.
The Live E! project, www.live-e.org, is an open research consortium among industry and academia to explore the platform to share the digital information related with the Earth and our living environment. We have getting a lot of low cost sensor nodes with Internet connectivity. The deployment of broadband and ubiquitous networks will enable autonomous and global digital information sharing over the globe. In this paper, we describe the technical and operational overview of Live E! project, while discussing the objective, such as education, disaster protection/reduction/recovery or business cases, and goal of this project activity
The Open Geospatial Consortium (OGC) standards activities that focus on sensors and sensor networks comprise an OGC focus
area known as Sensor Web Enablement (SWE). Readers interested in greater technical and architecture details can download the
OGC SWE Architecture Discussion Paper titled “The OGC Sensor Web Enablement Architecture” (OGC document 06-021r1).
We discuss about the IrisNet (Internet-scale resource-intensive sensor network services) project at Intel Research, we design an architecture and build a system that enable easy deployment of such wide-area sensing services. We aim to provide the missing software components for realizing a worldwide sensor Web. Wide-area architectures for pervasive sensing enable a new generation of powerful distributed sensing services. A worldwide sensor Web, in which users can query, as a single unit, vast quantities of data from thousands or even millions of widely distributed, heterogeneous sensors. Internet-connected PCs that source sensor feeds and cooperate to answer users' queries will form the global sensor Web's backbone. Developers of wide-area sensing services (service authors) deploy the services on this distributed infrastructure.
Sensors are distributed across the globe leading to an avalanche of data about our environment. It is possible today to utilize networks of sensors to detect and identify a multitude of observations, from simple phenomena to complex events and situations. The lack of integration and communication between these networks, however, often isolates important data streams and intensifies the existing problem of too much data and not enough knowledge. With a view to addressing this problem, the semantic sensor Web (SSW) proposes that sensor data be annotated with semantic metadata that will both increase interoperability and provide contextual information essential for situational knowledge.