Article

EFFECT OF OXIDIZING MEDIUM ON TITANIUM ALLOY PROPERTIES.

January 1986

Authors:

Alloying titanium, with aluminum, silicon, nickel and tungsten increases heat resistance whereas alloying with germanium and tin decreases it. The heat resistance is a function of the composition and structure of the scale and subscale layers.

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Article

Part of the five-component system nickel-chromium-tungsten-titanium-aluminum

August 1956 · Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR Division of Chemical Science

Summary 1.An investigation was made of part of the five-component system nickel-chromium-tungsten-titanium-aluminum in the region of nickel solid solutions. Use was made of a method of representing parts of multicomponent (having more than four components) metal systems within the limits of three dimensions.2.Polythermal sections were constructed for alloys of the system ... [Show full abstract] nickel-chromium-tungsten-titanium-aluminum having variable contents of aluminum, titanium, and tungsten; and various properties of these alloys were studied (microstructure, hardness, specific resistance,-and heat, stability).3.The investigation of the partial phase diagram (in the region of solid solutions) of the system nickel-chromium-tungsten-titanium-aluminum enabled us to find alloys having high strength properties.

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Advanced interconnect comes of age

April 2006

S. Anderson

New interconnect modalities such as nodes, buttons, spheres, and pillars have surfaced to meet the limitations of wire diameters in wire wire bonding. New process like electroplating, electroless plating, screening, and in-situ have been developed, and involve new materials such as aluminum, gold, tungsten, titanium, nickel, copper, tin, lead, and silver. A new process tool is developed, which ... [Show full abstract] performs all steps in one controlled chamber without having to remove the wafer and transport it to other process steps. The system maintains a secure manufacturing environment by managing the process and the chemistry.

Article

Scales Formed on Ni-Base Heat-Resisting Alloys at High Temperatures

May 1962 · Corrosion engineering digest

Yoshizumi Nishi

Scales formed on Ni-Cr-base alloys and some practical heat-resisting alloys were investigated by X-ray diffraction method. The following results were obtained. (1) Alloying element, molybdenum, titanium and tungsten formed respectively NiOMoO3, NiOTiO2 and NiOWO3 in the scales of Ni-Cr-base alloys above 1, 000°C. (2) Cobalt and aluminum addition hindered the formation of these double oxides. (3) ... [Show full abstract] On Ni-Cr-base alloys containing titanium, formation of TiO2 was observed in higher content of titanium, and at higher temperature, (4) On Ni-Cr-base alloys containing niobium, CrNbO4 was formed above 1, 000°C, and NiONb2O5 was not formed. On Co-base alloys containing niobium, CrNbO4 was also formed.

Article

Part I. Energy Straggling of HELIUM4 Below 2.0 Mev in Aluminum, Nickel, Gold and Platinum. Part II....

January 1976

Joe Marion Harris Jr

Article

X-ray and electron microscopic investigations of 16–25 and 18–40 type alloys

February 1964 · Metal Science and Heat Treatment

1. In low-carbon Fe\t-Cr\t-Ni alloys (16% Cr; 25% Ni and 16% Cr; 40% Ni) containing different amounts of tungsten the excess phases are not only niobium carbides and titanium carbonitrides but also the Laves phase and the double carbides. 2. Niobium affects the process of phase formation differently than tungsten: an increase in the concentration of tungsten greatly increases the amount of the ... [Show full abstract] secondary Laves phase but increases very little the amounts of double carbides or the primary Laves phase. The increase in the amount of niobium (or titanium) is accompanied by an increase in the amount and size of the primary Laves phase, while the amount of the secondary Laves phase decreases. Also, an increase in the concentration of titanium leads to the occurrence of secondary phases rich in nickel, titanium, and aluminum: Ni3Ti and α′-phase. 3. An increase of the amount of nickel with a corresponding decrease of the amount of iron decreases the amounts of the primary and secondary Laves phases.

Article

Surface hardening of CP titanium by laser alloying process

January 1999 · Journal of Japan Institute of Light Metals

In order to improve a surface hardness of commercially pure titanium, surface alloying with laser was carried out. Pure silicon, nickel, aluminum powder and a mixture of silicon and 9 mass%WSi2 powder were used for surface alloying. These powders were spread on surfaces of titanium plates and reacted with titanium by CO2 laser beam. Laser irradiation was carried out in argon atmosphere. As a ... [Show full abstract] result, when the silicon powder was used, a hard silicide layer (a principal ingredient was Ti5Si3) was formed over thickness 600 μm. In the case of the nickel powder, an alloying layer was consisted of TiNi and Ti2Ni, and its highest hardness was HV600. When the aluminum powder was used, needle-like shapes of precipitates of TiAl3 were observed in aluminum-rich matrix phase. Moreover, in alloying with the powder mixture of silicon and WSi2 powder, concentration phase of tungsten that had over HV1500 hardness were observed locally.

Article

Novel Materials

May 1994

Francis J. DiSalvo

This is the final report on a project funded for 3 years by ONR. The project was very successful; it resulted in the discovery of many new solid state ternary nitrides. Since there were so few ternary nitrides known, and since many of the binary nitrides, such as TiN, AlN and Si3N4, are so technologically useful, our aim was to explore the synthesis, structural chemistry and properties of ternary ... [Show full abstract] nitrides. Prior to our work very few ternary nitrides, other than those formed by alloying binaries and having simple binary like structures, were known. We have shown that there is indeed a very large class of such ternary nitrides.

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Influence of ion energies on the structure, composition, and properties of multilayer Ti–Al–Si–N ion...

May 2016 · Technical Physics Letters

It is established that the energy of deposited particles influences the structure, composition, and properties of multilayer nitride coatings consisting of alternating layers of nanocrystalline TiN and amorphous Si3N4 phases with inclusions of nanocrystalline hexagonal AlN formed at energies of titanium, aluminum, and silicon ions exceeding ~317 × 10–19, 267 × 10–19, and 230 × 10–19 J, ... [Show full abstract] respectively. As the energy of titanium ions bombarding the substrate increases above ~512 × 10–19 J, the phase transition from disordered TiNx to Ti3N2 and the appearance of 2- to 3-nm-thick sublayers in 15-nm-thick nanocrystalline TiNx layers take place in the coating. The maximum hardness of such coatings reaches a level of ~54 GPa.

Article

Oxidation of liquid Al-Sn alloys

July 2001

The kinetics of oxidation of the Al-Sn liquid alloys with oxygen from air was studied by the gravimetric, infrared spectroscopic, and X-ray diffraction methods. The oxidation process can be described by a parabolic equation. With passing from silicon to germanium and tin in their alloys with aluminum, the effective activation energy for the alloy oxidation decreases and the average rate ... [Show full abstract] increases. This correlation agrees with the periodic change in the properties of these elements, which belong to the same group of the periodic table. It was shown that there is a certain relationship between the phase composition of solid alloys, their oxidation products, and the kinetic parameters of oxidation in the liquid state. In the Al-Sn system, the greatest oxidation susceptibility is characteristic of the eutectic and near-eutectic alloys. Upon oxidation of liquid alloys, a protective layer is formed which consists of both simple and complex oxides, such as α-Al2O3, SnAl2O4, and SnO2.

Article

FACE-CENTERED CUBIC COBALT-RICH SOLID SOLUTIONS IN BINARY ALLOYS WITH ALUMINUM, GALLIUM, SILICON, GE...

February 2011 · Canadian Journal of Physics

By rapidly cooling liquid alloys, single-phase face-centered cubic cobalt-rich solid solutions have been obtained with up to 17.2 at.% aluminum, 18.2 at.% gallium, 13 at.% silicon, 17.4 at.% germanium, and 5 at.% tin. With the exception of silicon, these limits of solubility exceed those found under equilibrium conditions. The variation of lattice parameter with composition has been measured and ... [Show full abstract] the data can be fitted with straight lines for all solute elements except gallium, in which a change of slope is observed at 13.2 at.%.

Article

Distribution of components in nickel-based alloy

January 1989

V.G. Chernov

Intradendritic and intercrystalline segregation of alloying elements leads to significant reduction in the quality of metals. In the present work, the chemical inhomogeneity of the metal was studied for the example of a thermally untreated alloy based on nickel with 10% Cr, 14% Co, 5% W, 5.5% Al, 4.5% Ti, and 0.6% Zr. The microdistribution of chromium, tungsten, aluminum, titanium, and zirconium ... [Show full abstract] was investigated as a function of the temperature-time conditions of smelting.

Article

Diffusion barrier properties of Ti/TiN investigated by transmission electron microscopy

October 1990 · Journal of Applied Physics

Detailed analytical transmission electron microscopy investigations were performed on a well‐known diffusion barrier system for very‐large‐scale integration metallization. It will be demonstrated that interfacial reactions are of great importance for the barrier mechanism. Both Ti and TiN act as diffusion barrier for the semiconductor and the metallization, respectively. For an aluminum‐based ... [Show full abstract] metallization, TiN has a ‘‘spongelike’’ function due to its ability to absorb several amounts of aluminum at elevated temperatures and therefore inhibits diffusion towards the substrate. Ti acts for silicon as a compound forming barrier according to Nicolet’s classification [in Tungsten and Other Refractory Metals for Very Large Scale Integration Applications II, edited by E. K. Broadbent (Materials Research Society, Pittsburgh, 1987); pp. 19–26].

EFFECT OF OXIDIZING MEDIUM ON TITANIUM ALLOY PROPERTIES.

Abstract

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