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Adaptable factory design
Abstract
Regarding the constantly changing boundary conditions for the industrial creation of value, changeable factories must be challenged. Hence, the common factory planning process is enhanced by simulation techniques. Due to the increasing level of detail and complexity during this planning process, simulation models are characterised by an decreasing amount of changeability. In the prevailing work, the term changeability concerning factory planning and simulation is examined in further detail. For a mutual understanding, a cybernetic model of factory planning is developed. On this basis, three strategies for increasing the changeability of simulation models are depicted.
Status of the discussion. The concept of the capacity for change of companies has cropped up in literature for years. Various authors have contributed to the discussion and delivered worthy approaches for how the capacity of companies for change can be increased - in answer to the dynamically growing challenges of customers, competitors and suppliers. This article attempts to clarify the bases of definition and summarise the present status of the discussion, particularly in respect of the planning and operation of factories.
Requirements to manufacturing companies are in a continuous change. In order to enable companies to react to these changing requirements, the concept of changeability was introduced. This concept enables an adaption to new situations in short time and with little effort. This is achieved by planning different possible courses of action that can be taken in case the requirements change. This contribution will present a concept to integrate the changeability in Production Logistics.
Changeability of production logistics has become an important key qualification for sustainable success. In order to achieve high changeability, so called change measures have to be prepared, which enable a quick reaction to changed requirements. This article presents a concept, to plan and prepare these change measures on a strategic level.
The comprehension of transformability as a key characteristic of an economical and future-robust factory is undeniable both in science and in economic life. At the same time, existing frameworks for planning factory transformability focus primarily on technological aspects - a socio-technical approach which also comprises the workers is missing. The success of change processes in factories, however, largely depends on the executing workers. Therefore, the paper at hand introduces an enlarged planning method that focuses on worker competences to facilitate the success of change processes strongly. Necessary theoretical background is discussed and will be enriched with comprehensive examples.
The growing turbulence in the production environment demands a faster and continuous adaptation of manufacturing systems. Flexibility is needed to take control of predefined scenarios, such as piece count fluctuations. In addition, companies in this turbulent environment must have potentials to adapt to conditions that are not tied to specific solutions and which, if needed, can be activated quickly without cost-intensive measures. The resulting capacity to react forms - together with flexibility - the changeability of a company. At the same time, both organisational and structural measures can contribute to the adaptability of a manufacturing company. This paper describes a concept for the identification of minimal requirements for production resources that will allow these to undertake structural adaptations to suit market requirements. A multi-dimensional, system theoretic model of production forms the basis of this concept.
Selecting the most suitable work equipment is a key factor in creating the value of products; therefore, the design and selection of work equipment are increasingly focused on its adaptability. The adaptability of work equipment with regards to flexibility and responsiveness is defined by its universality, mobility, modularity, compatibility and economy. This article presents a methodology of evaluating the adaptability of work equipment and a procedure for selecting work equipment with the maximum adaptability index (i.e. the optimal one) from a group of available work equipment. The results of designing and weighing the criteria of the target tree are presented, as well as the results of coarse and fine selection of the optimal CNC lathe, considering its expected adaptability.
Global trends demand the design of adaptable production systems. The department of Factory Planning and Factory Management at Chemnitz University has proven its extensive competences in this field. On this basis the concept of Building Blocks for Adaptable Production Systems was developed. It is implemented in the existing Experimental and Digital Factory of the department. This includes an integrated design of product and production system. The approach is modular. In result, planning/visualization modules of the Digital Factory as well as modules for machining, material flow, information flow and energy flow are investigated. Fields of application are shown.
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