Geographical environment and ground

Abstract

The effect of the geographical environment on the appearance, composition and properties of soil-forming rocks are examined. The effects on both unstable and stable components of the rocks are noted. Particular attention is devoted to the effects of the geographical environment on loess rocks and marine clays. It is shown that different landscape zones have different effects on a particular type of rock. The role of the geographical environment in the degradation of rocks is illustrated with reference to the degradation of loess rocks in the northern part of the forest steppe zone and their transition into cover loams, and the formation of crusts of weathering. Permanently frozen rocks are also affected by the geographical environment. -P.Cooke