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Abstract
All previously known former Yugoslavian terrestrial slugs of the families Arionidae, Milacidae, Limacidae and Agriolimacidae have been discussed in this paper. The author conducted his research in the former Yugoslavia's territory in 1982-1983. He has also examined material from museums and private collections. The taxa, from the family to the species, are provided with full synonymy, more important references, descriptions of the external appearance and systematically useful anatomical characters, information on ecology and distribution in the world, list of new and already known localities, and comments, which - e.g. - help to distinguish a particular taxon from other ones. There are also keys to all the families and species, characteristics of the former Yugoslavia's slug fauna, figures of all the species (nearly all made by the author himself) and distribution maps on a simplified UTM grid. The occurrence of 48 species has been established. Six other, in the author's opinion, were erroneously recorded in literature and should not be reckoned among the fauna of this area. Besides, 11 species mentioned by former authors still have a completely unclear status. Two species new to science have been described, i.e. Tandonia rara and Deroceras maasseni, and 20 names synonymized.
... Wagner, 1931) was described from the vicinity of Sveta Petka Monastery, near Niš in Serbia. It is native to the Balkan peninsula (southern Serbia, North Macedonia, Bulgaria, Dobrudzha in Romania, and northern Greece) (Wiktor, 1996;Balashov & Markova, 2023). It has also been introduced in many parts of Europe (see Son, 2010;Balashov et al., 2013;Telebak et al., 2013;Korábek et al., 2016;Gural-Sverlova et al., 2019;Čejka et al., 2020;Turóci et al., 2020;Gojšina, 2021;Duda et al., 2022;Balashov & Markova, 2023) as well as in North America (Gerber, 2014). ...
... The external morphologyof specimens from BiH corresponds to the usual appearance of this species as previously described in Wiktor, 1987 and1996. External morphology: Body coloration is described based on preserved specimens. ...
... Férussac, 1823)). With our new findings, this number is increased to 7. Relying on the distribution maps and additional information provided by Wiktor (1987Wiktor ( , 1996, we consider both T. budapestensis and T. kusceri alien in BiH and expect their further spread. ...
In this paper, we present the first records of the Budapest slug, Tandonia budapestensis (Hazay, 1880), from five localities in Bosnia & Herzegovina. We provide a detailed description of the external morphology and reproductive system of the specimens. We also speculate on the presence of Tandonia kusceri (H. Wagner, 1931) in Bosnia & Herzegovina, based on the present distribution and spread of the species and one photo posted on a social media platform.
... But generally in biology the shared absence of a character can be unreliable evidence of affinity, because loss of an organ appears to be an easy evolutionary step. In both A. parvipenis (Fig. 11F) and L. carpatica (Wiktor 1996) vestiges of an appendage are occasionally apparent. However, Lupu's (1971) illustrations of "L. ...
... The posterior end bends back and widens (to varying extents) forming a "head". There is no penial appendage (= penial gland or flagellum), but Wiktor (1983Wiktor ( , 1996) mentioned a small posterior nodule in a few specimens. The vas deferens and the strong penis retractor insert next to each other at the tip of the penis but appear to insert at the side of the head because this is bent back. ...
... For other parts of the genital tract see descriptions by Wiktor (1973Wiktor ( , 1983Wiktor ( , 1996 but note that, as in other slugs, the proportions of gonad, albumen gland, and spermoviduct depend considerably on the stage of reproduction (Hutchinson et al. 2017 Diagnosis. The penis is long and tubular and usually contorted, without any appendage. ...
... Boja tela je narandžasto-roze sa najčešće dve tamnije linije duž plašta (Tabla 10). Ova vrsta je sinantropna i može se naći u velikom broju u baštama ispod kamenja i cigala (Wiktor, 1996). ...
... Boja tela je siva sa brojnim iregularnim crnim flekama po telu (Tabla 10). Pripadnici ove vrste su omnivorni, hrane se čak i drugim puževima (Wiktor, 1996;Welter-Schultes, 2012). ...
... Takođe, D. laeve je jedinstven po tome što se može naći u potpoljen u vodi gde polaže jaja. Nakon izleganja, mladi izlaze iz vode (Wiktor, 1996;Welter-Schultes, 2012;Reise & Hutchinson, 2001). Za razliku od prethodnih predstavnika golaća, rod Arion se jasno izdvaja po položaju spirakuluma koji se nalazi u prednjoj polovini plašta (Tabla 10). ...
Puževi (klasa Gastropoda) predstavljaju najbrojniju klasu Mekušaca sa preko 80000 vrsta. U Srbiji je zabeleženo ukupno 65 vrsta slatkovodnih i oko 180 vrsta terestričnih puževa, pri čemu broj terestričnih vrsta nije precizan i potrebna je revizija. Malakološka istraživanja u našoj zemlji počinju polovinom 19. veka. Većini istraživača interesantnija su bila područja južno od Save i Dunava, tako da je Vojvodina područje sa najmanje istraženom faunom puževa kod nas. Cilj ovog rada je da se doprinese poznavanju faune puževa dela Vojvodine (južnog Banata). U ovom radu je istraživana fauna terestričnih i slatkovodnih puževa tri odabrana lokalitita u južnom Banatu i to: „Kovinski Dunavac“, SRP „Kraljevac“ i PIO „Karaš-Nera“. Uzorkovanje je vršeno sezonski, u periodu od jeseni 2020. do leta 2021. godine, a korišćene su metode prilagođene različitim staništima. Zabeleženo je 69 vrsta puževa, pri čemu je najveći diverzitet zabeležen na lokalitetu „Kovinski Dunavac“ a najmanji na lokalitetu SRP „Kraljevac“. Od ukupno 69 vrsta, pronađeno je 30 vrsta akvatičnih i 39 vrsta terestričnih puževa. Od toga, 10 akvatičnih i 14 terestričnih vrsta je bilo prisutno samo u vidu ljušture. Postoji nekoliko vrsta koje su česte na svim lokalitetima kao što su: Bithynia tentaculata, Physella acuta, Planorbarius corneus, Planorbis planorbis, Monacha cartusiana, Xerolenta obvia, Caucasotachea vindobonensis i Helix pomatia. Takođe, prikupljeni su podaci o retkim vrstama u Srbiji kao što su Aplexa hypnorum i Hippeutis complanatus.
Pored distribucije vrsta, diskutovane su i morfološko-anatomske odlike pojedinih predstavnika, upotpunjene originalnim ilustracijama i dihotomim ključem za identifikaciju. Imajući u vidu da je zabeleženo prisustvo nekolicine vrsta sa retkim nalazima kod nas, za očekivati je da buduća detaljnija malakološka istraživanja, kako u Vojvodini, tako i u ostalim krajevima zemlje, značajno prošire naše znanje vezano za faunu ove grupe.
... Tandonia kusceri (H. Wagner, 1931) is a terrestrial slug native to the Balkan Peninsula (southern Serbia, North Macedonia, Bulgaria and Dobrudja region in Romania) and the European part of Turkey (Grossu 1983, reischütZ 1988, wiktor 1996, dedoV & MiteV 2011. ...
... T. kusceri has been introduced to various regions such as Ukraine (son 2004, 2010) (wiktor 1996(wiktor , teLebak et al. 2013. Recently it has been also reported from Hungary, where it is already widespread (turóci et al. 2020). ...
... In Serbia, the species is known to occur in the south (Sveta Petka Monastery near Niš, the type locality, Peć in Kosovo and Užice) and in the north (Belgrade and the Special Nature Reserve Zasavica) (wiktor 1996, Telebak & STanković 2007. Here we discuss a new record of T. kusceri from northern Serbia, close to the Hungarian border, first discovered from pictures posted on April 21st 2021 on a Facebook group for insect identification named "Insekti Srbije (Insects of Serbia)". ...
Tandonia kusceri (H. Wagner) is a terrestrial slug native to the Balkan Peninsula (S. Serbia, N. Macedonia, Bulgaria and Dobrudja region of Romania) and the European part of Turkey. In Serbia, it was known mostly from the southern regions. The northernmost locality (Palić settlement, near Subotica) reported here suggests that the slug’s distribution is nearly continuous from its native range until Slovakia. The new record was first recognised from the pictures posted on a Facebook group for insect identification in 2021. The identification was subsequently confirmed by anatomical examination. This further emphasises the importance of social media in monitoring the spread of invasive invertebrates.
... Type locality "Ober Krumbach bei Herfpruck" [Oberkrumbach near Hersbruck], Germany (Wolf, 1803); Germany (Quick, 1960;Wiktor, 1973Wiktor, , 1989Wiktor, , 1996. ...
... Type material Unknown (Wiktor, 1973); probably does not exist (Wiktor, 1996). ...
... Certainly, it is present throughout central Europe and, in addition to the countries where the species has been confirmed after genetic checks, such as Great Britain, Ireland, The Netherlands, France, Switzerland and Germany (Nitz et al., 2009;Rowson et al., 2014a), its presence is also confirmed, based on our anatomical data, from Sweden, Denmark, Austria, Hungary, Slovenia, Croatia and Italy (limited to the north-eastern areas). For other European countries, especially for the southern and eastern ones, such as Spain (Cadeval & Orozco, 2016), the southern Balkan countries (Wiktor, , 1996Fehér & Erőss, 2009), Russia and Ukraine (Likharev & Wiktor, 1980;Gural-Sverlova & Gural, 2012), the literature records must be verified, even if they contain anatomical illustrations. ...
An anatomical approach to the study of the slugs belonging to the genus Limax, based on the structures present in the inner walls of the penis, is proposed. These characteristics clearly allow the separation of the different species and they agree with the results obtained in genetic investigations. In this first contribution many populations of L. cinereoniger are reported from the north-eastern area of Italy (Veneto, Trentino-Alto
Adige and Friuli-Venezia Giulia) and compared with other European populations. The diagnostic characters of L. cinereoniger, such as the sole colour (blackish lateral bands),
the comparatively elongate penis (42–159mm), first crest much longer than the second one and the low and very short second crest and pleat are discussed and compared with those of similar species.
... The name Arion alpinus was established by Pollonera (1887) for a species from the Alps of Piedmont and Lombardy and maybe also of France and Switzerland. In the last thirty years, this name has been applied to a small arionid with central European distribution, recorded from France, Italy, Switzerland, Austria, Germany, Slovenia, Croatia and the Czech Republic (Reischütz, 1980;Kerney et al., 1983;Wolf & Rähle, 1987;Falkner, 1990Falkner, , 1992Wiktor, 1996;Schniebs & Reise, 1997;Turner et al., 1998;Falkner et al., 2002;Vaupotič & Velkrovrh, 2002;Bank, 2004;Dvořák et al., 2006Dvořák et al., , 2007. According to these authors, A. alpinus belongs to the subgenus Kobeltia Seibert 1873, and is characterised by a rather long tripartite free oviduct having a median muscular "firm portion" and a distal "eversible portion" (sensu Davies, 1977;Backeljau & De Bruyn, 1990). ...
... According to these authors, A. alpinus belongs to the subgenus Kobeltia Seibert 1873, and is characterised by a rather long tripartite free oviduct having a median muscular "firm portion" and a distal "eversible portion" (sensu Davies, 1977;Backeljau & De Bruyn, 1990). The distinctness of this species was first ascertained after morphological study (Reischütz, 1980;Wiktor, 1996) and then confirmed after molecular study (Dvořák et al., 2006(Dvořák et al., , 2007. ...
... Subsequent authors neglected (Wiktor, 1996;Schniebs & Reise, 1997;Turner et al., 1998) Piedmontese locality (Santuario di oropa), found that they indeed corresponded to the species identified as A. alpinus by most authors. unfortunately no published anatomical description of these specimens is available. ...
In recent years two interpretations of Anion alpinus Pollonera 1887 have been proposed: a valid species with a central European distribution or a junior synonym of Arion intermedius Normand 1852. Study of the original description and topotypes collected in the only precise Piedmontese locality mentioned by Pollonera (1887), Rivarossa Canavese, demonstrate that the second is correct. To prevent Pollonera's species from continuing to be misinterpreted, a neotype of A. alpinus is designated from among these topotypes. The neotype clearly belongs to A. intermedius so the names are synonyms. Arion obesoductus Reischutz 1973, sometimes considered a synonym of A. alpinus, was described from juvenile specimens from Austria. Although a new study of adult topotypical specimens is desirable, anatomical re-examination of a paratype revealed characters typical of A. alpinus auctt. non Pollonera 1887, namely a long oviduct and a flat epiphallus papilla. These characters are also evident in adult specimens from Italy. The name A. obsesoductus is thus reinstated for Arion alpinus auctt. non Pollonera 1887, a species of several countries in Central Europe.
... Later, WiKtor (1996: 36) confirmed what he had previously stated, but suggested that Amalia montenegrina could be a junior synonym of T. reuleauxi (Clessin, 1887). WiKtor's (1996) opinion is shared by baNK (2013) in his comprehensive European checklist. ...
... Other species of Tandonia from the Western Balkans were carefully (re)described by WiKtor (1987WiKtor ( , 1996. For these taxa WiKtor's paper (1996) represents the only source of information as regards anatomy, general morphology and bionomics, and it can be certainly stated that, in most cases, these redescriptions are much more accurate and a richer source of iconography than the original descriptions. ...
... The other Western Balkan species investigated here are T. fejervaryi (H. Wagner, 1929) and T. rara Wiktor, 1996. In this paper we provide new and more explicit descriptions in this problematic group of slugs. ...
We collected Tandonia at many sites in Dalmatia and Montenegro and examined the material in
view of open taxonomic questions or limited knowledge of the morphology. New anatomical data strongly
support the hypothesis that Amalia montenegrina Simroth, 1900 is a junior synonym of Tandonia reuleauxi
(Clessin, 1887). The type locality of Tandonia cavicola (Simroth, 1916) has been recently located and,
consequently, the literature data have been revised and compared with anatomical data provided by the
newly collected specimens from historic localities cited for the species, but not from the type locality itself.
The results show that the specimens so far referred to as T. cavicola could be assigned also to other nominal species, e.g. T. dalmatina (Simroth, 1900) or, less likely, to T. lagostana (Wagner, 1940). New dissections of Tandonia fejervaryi (Wagner, 1929) and Tandonia rara Wiktor, 1996 revealed new undescribed anatomical features, e.g. the internal structure of the distal female genitalia for the T. fejervaryi and the spermatophore for T. rara.
... Later, WiKtor (1996: 36) confirmed what he had previously stated, but suggested that Amalia montenegrina could be a junior synonym of T. reuleauxi (Clessin, 1887). WiKtor's (1996) opinion is shared by baNK (2013) in his comprehensive European checklist. ...
... Other species of Tandonia from the Western Balkans were carefully (re)described by WiKtor (1987WiKtor ( , 1996. For these taxa WiKtor's paper (1996) represents the only source of information as regards anatomy, general morphology and bionomics, and it can be certainly stated that, in most cases, these redescriptions are much more accurate and a richer source of iconography than the original descriptions. ...
... The other Western Balkan species investigated here are T. fejervaryi (H. Wagner, 1929) and T. rara Wiktor, 1996. In this paper we provide new and more explicit descriptions in this problematic group of slugs. ...
The authors collected slugs of the genus Tandonia at many sites in Dalmatia and Montenegro and investigated this material in the light of open taxonomical questions or limited knowledge about their morphology. New anatomical data strongly support that Amalia montenegrina Simroth, 1900 is a junior synonym of Tandonia reuleauxi (Clessin, 1887) as previously hypothesised. The locus typicus of Tandonia cavicola (Simroth, 1916) has been recently localised and, as a consequence, the data in literature have been revised and compared with anatomical data provided by newly collected specimens from historic localities cited for the species, but not from the locus typicus itself. The results reveal that the specimens so far cited and depicted as T. cavicola could be attributed also to other names e.g. T. dalmatina (Simroth, 1900) or, less likely, to T. lagostana (Wagner, 1940). New dissections of Tandonia fejervaryi (Wagner, 1929) and Tandonia rara Wiktor, 1996 revealed new undescribed anatomical features, e.g. the inner structure of the distal female portion of genitalia for the T. fejervaryi and the spermatophore for T. rara.
... However, these data were rather scarce since the author cited studies given by previous scientists that had gathered the slugs. The genus Limax Linnaeus is present in Montenegro with four species: Limax maximus Linnaeus, 1758, L. wohlberedti Simroth, 1900, L. conemenosi Boettger, 1882, and L. illyricus Simroth, 1907(Van Regteren Altena 1975, Jovanović 1995, Wiktor 1996, 1997. No species of the genus Limacus Lehmann had been registered in Montenegro at this point. ...
... No species of the genus Limacus Lehmann had been registered in Montenegro at this point. The genus Tandonia Lessona & Pollonera comprises four species in Montenegrin fauna: Tandonia albanica (Soós, 1924), T. cavicola (Simroth, 1916), T. reuleauxi (Clessin, 1887), and T. sowerbyi (Férussac, 1823) (Wiktor 1996(Wiktor , 1997. Altogether 27 slug species are registered from Montenegrin territory, while a lesser number of slug species is reported from most other Balkan countries (Serbia and Macedonia -24 each; Albania and Bosnia and Herzegovina -22 each) (Simroth 1907, Wohlberedt 1907, 1909, Wiktor 1982, 1983, 1987, 1996, 1997, 2001, Bole 1984, Karaman 2006, Fehér & Erőss 2009). ...
... The genus Tandonia Lessona & Pollonera comprises four species in Montenegrin fauna: Tandonia albanica (Soós, 1924), T. cavicola (Simroth, 1916), T. reuleauxi (Clessin, 1887), and T. sowerbyi (Férussac, 1823) (Wiktor 1996(Wiktor , 1997. Altogether 27 slug species are registered from Montenegrin territory, while a lesser number of slug species is reported from most other Balkan countries (Serbia and Macedonia -24 each; Albania and Bosnia and Herzegovina -22 each) (Simroth 1907, Wohlberedt 1907, 1909, Wiktor 1982, 1983, 1987, 1996, 1997, 2001, Bole 1984, Karaman 2006, Fehér & Erőss 2009). Within ex Yugoslav countries, only the slug faunas of Croatia (43) and Slovenia (28) are richer in species than the Montenegrin (Wiktor 1982, 1996, 1997, Štamol 2010, Bank 2011. ...
In this paper we have recorded five slug species of the genera Limax Linnaeus, Limacus Lehmann, and Tandonia Lessona & Pollonera for the first time in Montenegro: Limax graecus Simroth, 1889, Limacus flavus (Linnaeus, 1758), Tandonia kusceri (Wagner, 1931), T. budapestensis (Hazay, 1880), and T. lagostana (Wagner, 1940). Representatives of the genus Limacus are registered for the first time for the country. The slug material was collected from northern, central, and southern Montenegro.
... The slug family Milacidae Ellis, 1926 is represented by two genera: Milax Gray, 1855, with about 12 known species and Tandonia Lessona & Pollonera, 1882, with more than 30 species currently considered valid. The family has a Euroasiatic-Macaronesian distribution and its centre of diversity is in the Mediterranean, especially in the former Yugoslavia and Greece (Wiktor 1983a(Wiktor , 1983b(Wiktor , 1987a(Wiktor 1996Abbes et al. 2010;Welter-Schultes 2012;Bank 2013). ...
... In the same paper (Wagner 1929: 331) he also provided a full genital description for T. fejervaryi, allowing an easier systematics overview for this latter species. T. jablanacensis (Wagner, 1930) was fully described with both genitalia and body features, although never found again even after further field surveys (Wiktor 1987a(Wiktor , 1996. Once more, the description of T. lagostana (Wagner 1940: 138) was incomplete and scant, probably based upon juvenile specimens. ...
... Once more, the description of T. lagostana (Wagner 1940: 138) was incomplete and scant, probably based upon juvenile specimens. As a consequence many species classified within the genus Tandonia still have an uncertain systematic position (Wiktor 1987a(Wiktor , 1996. ...
The genus Tandonia Lessona & Pollonera, 1882 is represented along the Western Balkans by about 13 taxa, most of which are regional endemics. Recent collecting on the island of Brač (Croatia) has provided a single, fully grown specimen of a totally black slug. A careful investigation of the genital anatomy and body traits, reveal characteristic and unique morphological features which until now have never been observed in other representatives of the genus. Such results have led to the description of new species. Tandonia bolensis n. sp. is easily distinguishable by virtue of its genital features, the dummy-like penial-atrial papilla, and the long and partially spiral-convoluted, thorny spermatophore.
... Bibliografia - LESSONA & POLLONERA, 1884;SIMROTH, 1885;HUSA-NU, 1967;LUPU, 1975;GROS-SU, 1983;WIKTOR, 1983;BOGON, 1990;FALKNER, 1990;WIKTOR, 1996;TURNER et al., 1998. ...
... Bibliografia -JAECKEL, KLEMM & MEISE, 1957;WIKTOR, 1973;WIKTOR, 1989;WIKTOR, 1996. Geonemia -alpino orientale-carpatica. ...
... 71-76] alla porzione caudale, di colore biancastro e poco evidente; suola unipartita di colore biancastro; clipeo liscio. GIUSTI, 1971B;GROSSU, 1972;ALTENA, 1973;REI-SCHÜTZ, 1978;WIKTOR, 1996;TURNER et al., 1998;WIKTOR, 2000. Geonemia -alpina sudorientale. ...
Subterranean Mollusca of the Trieste’s Karst (Friuli – Venezia Giulia, Italy) (Gastropoda: Prosobranchia,
Basommatophora, Stylommatophora; Bivalvia: Pterioida). Check-list of species, taxonomy, systematic,
ecology and biogeography – Very few datas about the subterranean malacofauna of Trieste’s Karst are
known. Extensive collecting and systematic revisions of taxa, based upon modern taxonomic criteria, are strongly required.
Many taxa still occupy unclear sistematic position and present unsolved problems, such as Zospeum (Gastropoda
Pulmonata). This work aims to fill missing datas up. A topographic check-list of species has been completed.
Taxonomical observations are given, integrating classic features (shell shape) with anatomical, ecological and biogeographical
considerations. An updated contribution about faunistic characteristics of subterranean Timavo are given.
56 caves have been investigated and 55 species (9 of theese are strictly subetrranean) have been collected. For
the very first time alive specimens of Belgrandia stochi have been collected, giving the opportunity to carry anatomical
investigations on. It rendered possible to give the species a correct generical position. It has been carried out the
first attempt of systematic revision of Zospeum comparing anatomical and shells features among populations. Subspecific
splittering of Z. spelaeum has been rejected and Z. trebicianum has been acquired the status of bona species.
The first finding in Italy of alive specimens of Acroloxus tetensi has been made. The presence of Aegopiella nitens e
Oxychilus mortilleti has been confirmed through anatomical identification. Some specimen of Tandonia sp. has been
collected. It shares anatomical features with some dalmatian specie and probably it represents a n. sp. for science. The
analysis of faunistic datas collected along the subterranean river Timavo gave the opportunity to make some statement
about the origin and hypogean course of its waters.
... Ez a faj az A. valentianus fajhoz hasonlóan mediterrán eredetű, Magyarországhoz legköze lebbi adata Horvátországból származik (Wiktor 1996). Stabil populációkkal rendelkezik számos helyen Északkelet-Franciaországban és Hollan diában, egy populációja Münchenből is ismert (Hutchinson és Reise 2013 A rokonfaj, a M. gagates Angliában súlyos kártevőnek számít, amely elsősorban a gyökér zöldségeket pusztítja (sárgarépát, burgonyát), de a hullott gyümölcsöket is megrághatja (Rowson és mtsai 2014). ...
... Stabil populációkkal rendelkezik számos helyen Északkelet-Franciaországban és Hollan diában, egy populációja Münchenből is ismert (Hutchinson és Reise 2013 A rokonfaj, a M. gagates Angliában súlyos kártevőnek számít, amely elsősorban a gyökér zöldségeket pusztítja (sárgarépát, burgonyát), de a hullott gyümölcsöket is megrághatja (Rowson és mtsai 2014). Nehéz elkülöníteni, hogy me lyik faj is károkozó, mert a régebbi adatokban szisztematikusan keverték a M. gagates és M. nigricans fajokat (Wiktor 1996). ...
Spreading of invasive species means a global problem: some of them may threaten native species or potentially cause agricultural damage. Since 2018, we have been exploring the Hungarian slug fauna and as a result, seven terrestrial slug species are reported from Hungary either for the fi rst time (Ambigolimax parvipenis, Krynickillus melanocephalus, Limacus maculatus, Milax nigricans and Tandonia kusceri) or confi rming earlier unreliable records (Ambigolimax
valentianus and Deroceras invadens). Considering, that there were 26 slug species in the Hungarian fauna based on the literature, seven non-indigenous species’ seem to be a remarkable increase. In this work, we present the seven new slug species, including their native range, the possible way of introduction, their external morphology, agricultural damage they may cause and the emerging problems of spotting the possible introduction pathways of non-indigenous species.
... Die Nacktschnecken wurden in 70% Ethanol fixiert und nach der Methodik von Likharev & Wiktor 1980 seziert. Für die Determination wurden die Monografien von Wiktor (1987Wiktor ( , 1996 verwendet. Die untersuchten Exemplare wurden an die Landschnecken-Sammlung des Schmalhausen-Instituts für Zoologie (Kiev) übergeben (IZAN GT 7139). ...
... Dieses Merkmal ist besonders charakteristisch für T. kusceri. Bei anderen bekannten Vertretern der Gattung Tandonia (Wiktor 1987, 1996, De Mattia & Nardi 2014 ist der Epiphallus deutlich kürzer. Nur eine äußerlich and anatomisch ähnliche Art, Tandonia rustica (Millet, 1843), hat einen relativ langen und schmalen Epiphallus, der aber keine solchen scharfen Spiralkurven zeigt. ...
The introduced Balkan slug Tandonia kusceri was for the first time recorded in the Transcarpathian region in the west of Ukraine. The slugs were discovered in the autumn of 2018 at the outskirts of Korolevo settlement, Vinogradov district, near the railway depot. Local residents use this site as a dump for construction waste. Until now, only a few occurrences of T. kusceri were known from the south of Ukraine (Odessa and Nikolaev regions, Crimea). The first known specimens of this species were collected in Odessa city in 1902 and subsequently described as Amalia rossica. In total, three species of Tandonia occur in Ukraine, the known localities of which are shown on a map. Tandonia kaleniczenkoi occurs only in the Mountainous Crimea. Tandonia cristata is also sporadically found in the steppe zone of Ukraine, оne finding of this species in the Transcarpathian region near Uzhgorod city was described.
... Consequently, global warming may facilitate the expansion of cardiopulmonary nematodes in more northern geographical areas, both by permitting the establishment of suitable gastropod species in these areas where they are currently absent [36,76] and by shortening the period of extrinsic parasite development. The range of L. conemenosi that is native to Greece extends to Bulgaria, Republic of North Macedonia and Albania [73,74,80,81]. This species lives mainly in rural areas [73,74,80], yet in the present study it was found in a wild habitat close to Lake Volvi. ...
... The range of L. conemenosi that is native to Greece extends to Bulgaria, Republic of North Macedonia and Albania [73,74,80,81]. This species lives mainly in rural areas [73,74,80], yet in the present study it was found in a wild habitat close to Lake Volvi. The occurrence of this species in natural and anthropized environments may facilitate the spread of metastrongyloid nematodes from wildcats to domestic cats and vice versa. ...
Background:
The metastrongyloid nematodes Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Troglostrongylus brevior and Angiostrongylus chabaudi are cardiopulmonary parasites affecting domestic cats (Felis catus) and wildcats (Felis silvestris). Although knowledge on these nematodes has been improved in the past years, gaps in our knowledge of their distribution and role of gastropods as intermediate hosts in Europe still exist. This study reports on the presence of these nematodes and their intermediate hosts in an area in Greece where domestic cats and wildcats occur in sympatry.
Methods:
Terrestrial gastropods were collected in the field and identified morphologically and by mitochondrial DNA-sequence analysis. Metastrongyloid larvae were detected by artificial digestion, morphologically identified to the species and stage level and their identity was molecularly confirmed.
Results:
Aelurostrongylus abstrusus was found in the snails Massylaea vermiculata and Helix lucorum, T. brevior in the slug Tandonia sp., and A. chabaudi in the slug Limax sp. and the snails H. lucorum and M. vermiculata.
Conclusions:
To the best of our knowledge this study provides the first reports of (i) terrestrial gastropods being naturally infected with A. chabaudi, (ii) T. brevior naturally infecting terrestrial gastropods in Europe, and (iii) A. abstrusus naturally infecting terrestrial gastropods in Greece. Furthermore, the present study describes for the first time developmental stages of A. chabaudi and T. brevior in naturally infected gastropods. The biological characteristics of various intermediate gastropod hosts that could influence the distribution and expansion of feline cardiopulmonary nematodes are discussed, along with epizootiological implications and perspectives.
... Die Nacktschnecken wurden in 70% Ethanol fixiert und nach der Methodik von Likharev & Wiktor 1980 seziert. Für die Determination wurden die Monografien von Wiktor (1987Wiktor ( , 1996 verwendet. Die untersuchten Exemplare wurden an die Landschnecken-Sammlung des Schmalhausen-Instituts für Zoologie (Kiev) übergeben (IZAN GT 7139). ...
... Dieses Merkmal ist besonders charakteristisch für T. kusceri. Bei anderen bekannten Vertretern der Gattung Tandonia (Wiktor 1987, 1996, De Mattia & Nardi 2014 ist der Epiphallus deutlich kürzer. Nur eine äußerlich and anatomisch ähnliche Art, Tandonia rustica (Millet, 1843), hat einen relativ langen und schmalen Epiphallus, der aber keine solchen scharfen Spiralkurven zeigt. ...
The introduced Balkan slug Tandonia kusceri was for the first time recorded in the Transcarpathian region in
the west of Ukraine. The slugs were discovered in the autumn of 2018 at the outskirts of Korolevo settlement,
Vinogradov district, near the railway depot. Local residents use this site as a dump for construction waste. Until
now, only a few occurrences of T. kusceri were known from the south of Ukraine (Odessa and Nikolaev regions,
Crimea). The first known specimens of this species were collected in Odessa city in 1902 and subsequently
described as Amalia rossica. In total, three species of Tandonia occur in Ukraine, the known localities of which are shown on a map. Tandonia kaleniczenkoi occurs only in the Mountainous Crimea. Tandonia cristata is also sporadically found in the steppe zone of Ukraine, оne finding of this species in the Transcarpathian region near Uzhgorod city was described.
... We analysed two specimens collected on September 28, 2014, in Ružinov housing estate (Table 1; Fig. 2); see also ČejKa & ČaČaný (2014) and one individual from the Petržalka housing estate. The individuals were fixed in ethanol, dissected and identified following WiKTOr (1987WiKTOr ( , 1996. To further demonstrate that the slugs do not belong to any of the two Tandonia species reported from Slovakia before, we sequenced a fragment of the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene from these specimens and from representatives of both Tandonia species reported from Slovakia already, T. rustica and T. budapestensis (Table 1; samples from the Czech Republic were used). ...
... Whereas T. rustica is usually light brown or pinkish, with a dark pigmentation on the body posterior to the mantle aggregated into distinct spots, the dark pattern of the specimens from Bratislava was much more diffuse ( Fig. 1), as it is usual for T. kusceri (WiKTOr 1996). The length of the epiphallus and vas deferens relative to the penis, the shape of the transition between them and the shape of the penial . ...
Tandonia kusceri (Wagner, 1931) is reported from Slovakia for the first time. The slug was found in the Ružinov and Petržalka housing estates, Bratislava, in 2014 and 2015, respectively. Our observations suggest that the species is well established in the Slovak capital. This finding calls for verification of some of the older reports of a similar species Tandonia rustica beyond the eastern border of its native range. Owing to unresolved taxonomic issues, the name T. kusceri should be applied only tentatively.
... Th e genus Arion Férussac, 1819 includes from 30 to 50 species, according to the variety of published data, most of which are confi ned to the Iberian Peninsula (Kozłowski, 2005). Some researchers suggest that this genus was distributed worldwide antropohorously (Wiktor, 1996). Some slugs of this genus are invasive species which have recently distributed in many European countries and are considered as serious pests in agriculture (Wiktor, 1996;Kozłowski, 2007). ...
... Some researchers suggest that this genus was distributed worldwide antropohorously (Wiktor, 1996). Some slugs of this genus are invasive species which have recently distributed in many European countries and are considered as serious pests in agriculture (Wiktor, 1996;Kozłowski, 2007). ...
Karyotypes of four species of the genus Arion were investigated, namely, A. distinctus (2n = 48m + 8sm = 56; FN = 112), A. lusitanicus s. l. (2n = 4 4m + 6 sm + 2st = 52; FN = 104), A. fuscus (n = 26, 2n = 52, FN = 104) and A. fasciatus (n = 29, 2n = 58, FN = 116). Th e karyotype of A. lusitanicus s. l. was identical to those of A. fuscus, A. ater and A. rufus. Th e karyotype of A. fasciatus in the haploid number of chromosomes is identical to another close species - A. circumscriptus (n = 29) from the United Kingdom. Th e identical number of chromosomes in species of the subgenus Arion (A. lusitanicus s. l., A. ater, A. rufus) and species of the subgenus Mesarion (A. fuscus) (n = 26) may be a reason for their merging.
... Dall'esame conchigliologico effettuato per confronto con altro materiale del Carso triestino, potrebbe trattarsi di Oxychilus draparnaudi. 11 L'attribuzione specifi ca di Tandonia sowerbyi è stata effettuata su base anatomica (Wiktor, 1996). 12 L'attribuzione specifi ca di Lehmannia marginata è stata effettuata su base anatomica (Wiktor, 1996). ...
... 11 L'attribuzione specifi ca di Tandonia sowerbyi è stata effettuata su base anatomica (Wiktor, 1996). 12 L'attribuzione specifi ca di Lehmannia marginata è stata effettuata su base anatomica (Wiktor, 1996). ...
The land and freshwater malacological fauna of the Rosandra valley (Trieste-Italy) is investigated. 63 taxa among species and subspecies are recorded. New species for the fauna of the Trieste's Karst are reported. Riassunto – Viene indagata la fauna malacologica terrestre e acquadulcicola della Val Rosandra (Trieste-Italia). Vengono censite 63 entità fra specie e sottospecie, alcune delle quali nuove per la fauna del Carso Triestino. Parole chiave: Molluschi terrestri e acquadulcicoli, Italia, Trieste, Val Rosandra, Carso, conservazione.
... In the current survey we confirm the species for the North Macedonian part of Korab Mountain (for details see Subai, 1997) (Fig. 3). Deroceras laeve is reported for Mavrovo NP by Wiktor (1996). Thus, a total of 61 species taxa of land snails are reliably known for Mavrovo NP (Supplementary material 02 �). ...
Historia naturalis bulgarica 46 (7): 195-201 ISSN 2603-3186 (online) | ISSN 0205-3640 (print) · nmnhs.com/historia-naturalis-bulgarica https://doi. Abstract: Sixty-one species taxa of land gastropods are known for Mavrovo National Park, and 34% of them are species taxa of high conservation value. Considering the unsystematic surveys in the area, it can be assumed that in the future the number of species taxa will significantly increase. The status of Mavrovo as a national park under high protection, and there are no immediate threats to the malacofauna. Potential problems for invertebrate communities, including snails, would be big destructive changes in their habitats and especially the presence of hydropower projects and stone quarries. The protection of the species habitats from human activity and different types of modification is the best protection measures for the mollusk fauna in Mavrovo National Park.
... Reliable identification requires examining the surface structure of the atrial stimulator (Hutchinson and Reise 2013). The species is widespread around the Mediterranean, with the nearest such population to Hungary the single reported occurrence in Croatia (Wiktor 1996). The species has established itself at several sites in north-east France and the Netherlands, and at one time there was a population in Munich (Hutchinson and Reise 2013). ...
Five terrestrial slug species are reported from Hungary, either for the first time or confirming earlier records that had been considered unreliable: Limacus maculatus, Deroceras invadens, Ambigolimax valentianus, Ambigolimax parvipenis, and Milax nigricans. In all cases identification was supported by anatomical examination and barcoding sequences of the COI mitochondrial gene. For M. nigricans we also sequenced individuals of this species from Italy and France so as to establish differences to sequences of M. gagates. Most records came from garden centres in Budapest and from two botanical gardens; these habitats may therefore be crucial in the spreading of non-indigenous species. A Facebook appeal was used to involve citizen scientists in searching for further sites for L. maculatus, but the Limacus populations reported proved all to be L. flavus. Studies over the last four years have added altogether seven slug species to the 26 hitherto recognised in the Hungarian fauna. This demonstrates the importance of continuing to check for additional introduced species.
... About 12 species of terrestrial slugs are expanding their ranges in Eastern Europe, with several being extremely important pests (sverlova et al. 2006, son 2010, Balashov & BaIdashnIkov 2012, Balashov 2016, Balashov et al. 2018a, gural-sverlova et al. 2019, turócI et al. 2020, Balashov & Markova 2021. One of these invasive species is Tandonia kusceri (Wagner, 1931) (Milacidae), a large slug (up to 10 cm) originally distributed in the central and northern parts of the Balkan peninsula: in Bulgaria, the European part of Turkey, northern Greece, North Macedonia, southern Serbia and Dobrudzha in eastern Romania (wIktor 1987, 1996, welter-schultes 2012, georgIev & Ivanova 2015, georgIev 2016. At least since 1902 T. kusceri is also present in Odessa region of Ukraine (lIndholM 1908(lIndholM , son 2004(lIndholM , sverlova et al. 2006(lIndholM , gural-sverlova et al. 2019. ...
The distribution of the invasive slug Tandonia kusceri is reviewed and mapped with our new findings and previously unpublished recent reports based on photographs from citizen science databases (iNaturalist, UkrBIN). Two new colonies of T. kusceri were found and monitored in Kyiv city (Northern Ukraine) during the 2021–2022. These colonies are about 350 km north from the nearest previously published records of this species, as well as any other species of Milacidae in Eastern Europe. The slugs inhabit the urban open and semi-open landscapes of Kyiv city together with several other invasive molluscs, in one locality notably together with Oxychilus translucidus, Harmozica ravergiensis and Xerolenta obvia. One specimen of T. kusceri was found in a basement of a private estate in Radyvyliv town (Rivne region, Northern Ukraine) in 2020, but it is unknown whether it represents an established colony. Previously unpublished reports of T. kusceri on iNaturalist include two reliable findings from the Caucasian region, in Georgia and Russia, both in 2021. These are the first reports of any Tandonia in Caucasus, as well as in the mentioned countries, with one in Georgia being the eastmost frontier for this genus. In addition to a previously published 2013 report of T. kusceri near Chicago, USA, there are multiple iNaturalist reports of this slug in southern Ontario, Canada (600 km east of Chicago), starting from 2017. Moreover, there are several new reports of T. kusceri in Ukraine, including Kherson, Dnipro, Kryvyi Rig, Marhanets and Kamianets-Podilskyi cities. Considering that most of our new T. kusceri records are from the 2020s, it is most likely that slug has invaded these regions very recently and is still continuing to expand northward and eastward in Europe. This species is expected to further extend its range both in Europe and North America.
... Stopalo je krem boje, mukus je bezbojan i lepljiv. Iako disek cija često nije potrebna, ovaj vrsta s e jasno razlikuje od ostalih u svom rodu po veoma dugačkom epifalusu (Wiktor, 1996). Rasprostranjenost: Vrsta prvobitno endemična za Balkansko poluostrvo, danas introdukovana u mnoge držav e širom Evrope, ali i u Severnu Ameriku (Gerber, 2014; Turóci i sar., 2020). ...
Fauna puževa golaća SRP "Zasavica" je slabo istražena, sa samo tri zabeležene vrste. U ovom radu su prikazani nalazi golaća sa teritorije ovog, sa aspekta biodiverziteta, veoma dobro istraženog područja. Zabeleženo je ukupno šest vrsta a očekuje se da je diverzitet ovih životinja na području rezervata daleko veći. Novi podaci o golaćima uključuju još tri vrste koje nisu zabeležene u prethodnoj studiji i to: Tandonia budapestensis (Hazay, 1880), Arion fasciatus (Nilsson,1823) i Deroceras reticulatum (O.F. Muller, 1774) što udvostručuje broj vrsta golaća poznatih sa teritorije rezervata.
... Disekcija je izvršena da bi se izdvojili kopulatorni organi koji su korišćeni kao karakter za identifikaciju. Identifikacija je izvršena prema ključu za identifikaciju puževa golaća na teritoriji bivše SFR Jugoslavije (Wiktor, 1996). Sve jedinke sakupljene juna su bile jarko narandžasto-crvene boje (cigla crvena boja) prosečne dužine tela oko 13 cm (izmereno 9 jedinki). ...
Slugs are snails without shells, but some do, in fact, have a shell, but those that do have internalized the shell and use it to store minerals. The species Limax maximus Linnaeus 1758 and Arion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1855, have been identified as the most dominant species of slugs on the territory of Zvečan hill and its surroundings. They meet from May to October (sometimes later), and they are most numerous after the summer showers on these terrains. The dissected specimen from the locality of Zvečan hill indicates the possible presence of the species Arion rufus Linnaeus, 1758, based on the length of the oviduct and atrium size. Unfortunately, the atrium was damaged during the dissection, so it is not possible to determine whether this species is A. rufus, and the absence of a ligula in the oviduct indicates that it may not be the Arion vulgaris. To accurately determine the presence of the species Arion rufus in Zvečan fields, it is necessary to conduct research where several specimens of red slugs from different localities will be sampled in different periods (beginning, middle and end of the season). It would be interesting to determine whether there are anatomical and enzymatic differences between A. vulgaris populations on hills, at higher altitudes and at the base where soil and plants are loaded with heavy metals, and whether the presence of heavy metals affects color intensity in different populations. It is known that slugs "bathe" in ponds due to hydration. In this context, it would be interesting to determine whether and to what extent they absorb heavy metals and whether and how this affects their metabolism. It would be interesting to compare the populations from the sites with different degrees of degradation, but also altitude.
Beleška o dvema najčešćim vrstama puža golaća brda Zvečan, Kosovo i Metohija
... A meztelencsigák között számos inváziós faj található, és jelentékeny hányaduk mező gazdasági és kertészeti kártevőnek számít (Wiktor 1987, 1996, 2000, Douglas és Tooker 2012, Kozłowski 2012, Rowson és mtsai. 2014, Zając és mtsai. ...
A spanyol meztelencsiga (Arion vulgaris Moquin–Tandon, 1855) Európa-szerte elterjedt inváziós faj, amely komoly károkat okoz a mezőgazdaságban és a kerttulajdonosoknak. Egy “citizen science” projekt keretében felmérést végeztünk, hogy megtudjuk, mennyire elterjedt a faj, valamint mekkora és milyen jellegű kárt okoz Magyarországon. 2018-ben internetes kérdőívünket 853-an töltötték ki, melynek adatai alapján meghatároztuk a károkozás mértékét és jellemzőit, valamint számba vettük a védekezés módszereit. Eredményeink alapján a faj 574 kitöltőnek okozott kárt a kertjében, a károsított növények palettája pedig széles volt: élelmiszer- és dísznövények egyaránt említésre kerültek. Az ellenük való védekezésben leggyakrabban öt módszert alkalmaznak: fizikai elpusztítás, vegyszeres megoldások (háztartási sóval való leszórás, hamu stb.), csigaölő granulátum,
valamint sörcsapda kihelyezése, és indiai futókacsa tartása. Leghatékonyabb módszernek a fizikai elpusztítás, valamint a csigaölő granulátum bizonyult, ugyanakkor az indiai futókacsát tartók között tapasztaltuk a legnagyobb elégedettséget a módszer előnyeit és hátrányait is figyelembe véve.
... Tandonia kusceri (H. Wagner, 1931) is native to Balkan region from Bulgaria to the eastern part of the Black Sea (Wiktor 1996, Dedov & Mitev 2011, Welter-Schultes 2012. In the last decade it has been introduced to Crimea (Leonov 2007), Russia (Sysoev & Schileyko 2009), Moldova (Balashov et al. 2013), Slovakia (Korábek et al. 2016), Greece: Samothraki Island (Georgiev 2017) and reported from Montenegro (Telebak et al. 2013). ...
Two slug species (Krynickillus melanocephalus Kaleniczenko, 1851 and Tandonia kusceri (H. Wagner, 1931)) are reported from Hungary for the first time. Identification was supported by anatomical examination in both, and molecular data in the latter species. A citizen science survey applying a Realtime Social Networking Service (RSNS) method using Facebook posts revealed that both species are already widespread in Hungary, i.e. Krynickillus melanocephalus is reported from 14 and Tandonia kusceri from 26 sites. So far, we received no reports on any damage caused by these two slug species. Nevertheless, we treat them as potential horticultural pests requiring further attention.
... Between the exotic slugs, 41 belong to Deroceras laeve and 1 to Deroceras reticulatum (MLP-Ma 14550). The origin of Deroceras reticulatum is believed to be Europe (Wiktor, 1996) and currently has a worldwide distribution and is a pest for some plant species as well as vector of various harmful parasitic organisms for both humans and other animals (Berg, 1997). ...
Malformations in animals have long been known. In gastropod, natural and induced malformations are mentioned in different systems and in ocular tentacles, mainly linked to cases of parasitism and exposure to pollutants (molluscicides and chemicals). In this study we present a new malformation not documented in the ocular tentacles of slug Deroceras reticulatum that could be due to the action of pesticides. This malformation in D. reticulatum is the first malformation to be mentioned for South America in nursery gardens.
... (Garrido et al. 1994) The use by occultus of a hibernaculum might suggest a montane origin. There is another European montane species, A. alpinus, which has a strong, rugose dorsal tuberculation but this does not belong to the hortensis group and lacks a ligula, as well as having a very different, fore-shortened distal oviduct (Wiktor 1996). ...
A new species of slug, Arion occultus, is described from Co Down in Northern Ireland. It belongs to the hortensis group in subgenus Kobeltia of Arion, and is superficially similar to Arion distinctus Mabille. Its origins are unknown and it appears to be a recent immigrant to Ireland. Distinctive features include: a rough external appearance due to strongly raised and keeled tubercles on the dorsum; a uniformly yellow and rather broad foot fringe; an epiphallus which lacks either pigmentation or a bulbous swelling at its apex and which also lacks an epiphallus process at the junction of the epiphallus with the distal oviduct, features which are otherwise general in the hortensis group; the possession of a simple spermatophore comprising an oblong, flattened sac lacking serrations or other distinctive features. Externally the integument possesses abundant yellow chromatophores lightening an otherwise predominantly dark dorsum. Size is larger than distinctus with broad, high lateral bands, below which the sides are predominantly pale or white, rather than grey. Although superficially similar to the central European Arion alpinus the latter does not belong to the hortensis group and has a very different genital anatomy.
... For identification of the species Forcart (1944), Umi!ski (1975, Grossu (1983), Kerney et al. (1983), Wolf & Rähle (1987), Fechter & Falkner (1990, de Winter (1990), Gittenberger & Bank (1996), Wiktor (1996Wiktor ( , 2004, Gittenberger et al. (1998), Turner et al. (1998), Hausser (2005), Nardi et al. (2007, Gavetti et al. (2008), Boschi (2011), Egorov (2011, Gargominy & Ripken (2011), Giusti et al. (2011), Formenti (2012, Bank & Gittenberger (2013), Wiese (2014) and Audibert & Bertrand (2015) were used. Vegetation belt according to Nagy & Grabherr (2009). ...
Résumé
En août 2016, une étude a été menée sur la présence des Vitrinidae dans une partie du Parc national de la Vanoise. Dans la zone sud du Parc, vingt sites ont été échantillonnés. Des recherches ont été faites sur les animaux vivants et les coquilles vides. Les autres mollusques présents ont aussi été recensés. Au total, 39 espèces ont été observées, y compris quatre espèces de Vitrinidae: Vitrina pellucida (Semilimace commune), Phenacolimax stabilei (Semilimace des alpages), Eucobresia nivalis (Semilimace des neiges) et Oligolimax annularis (Semilimace globuleuse).
... The anatomy of other molluscs was only studied when this was required for their identification. For identification of the species Forcart (1944), Umi!ski (1975, Grossu (1983), Kerney et al. (1983), Wolf & Rähle (1987), Fechter & Falkner (1990), de Winter (1990), Gittenberger & Bank (1996), Wiktor (1996;2004), Gittenberger et al., 1998;Turner et al. (1998), Hausser (2005, Nardi et al. (2007), Gavetti et al. (2008), Boschi (2011), Egorov (2011, Gargominy & Ripken (2011), Giusti et al. (2011), Formenti (2012, Bank & Gittenberger (2013), Wiese (2014) and Audibert & Bertrand (2015) were used. The nomenclature used is according to . ...
Résumé
En juillet et août 2015, une étude a été menée sur la présence des Vitrinidae dans une partie du Parc national de la Vanoise. Dans la zone sud du Parc, seize sites ont été échantillonnés. Des recherches ont été faites sur les animaux vivants et les coquilles vides. Les autres mollusques présents ont aussi été collectés. Au total, 20 espèces ont été observées, y compris cinq espèces de Vitrinidae: Vitrina pellucida (Semilimace commune), Phenacolimax stabilei (Semilimace des alpages), Eucobresia nivalis (Semilimace des neiges), Eucobresia glacialis (Semilimace recouverte) et Oligolimax annularis (Semilimace globuleuse).
... It appears that A. vulgaris has ex-panded its range in many European countries over the last five decades. At present, it occurs in France (1855), Great Britain (1952), Germany (1970), Slovenia (1970), Italy (1971), Switzerland (1971, Austria (1972), Sweden (1975), Bulgaria (1983, Austria (1984), Norway (1988), Belgium (1989, The Netherlands (1989), Finland (1990), Denmark (1991), Poland (1993), Iceland (2003, Greenland, Latvia, and Lithuania and has more recently appeared on the Faroe Islands (QuicK 1952, 1960, elliS 1965, Schmid 1970, vAn reGteren AltenA 1971, riedel & wiKtor 1974, dAvies 1987, de winter 1989, von ProSchwitZ 1992, 1994, von ProSchwitZ & winGe 1994, wiKtor 1996, weidema 2006, KoZłowSKi 2007, slotsbo 2012. It has recently arrived in Romania (PăPureanu et al. 2014). ...
... From other molluscs, the anatomy only was studied when this was needed for their identification. For identification of the species Forcart (1944), Umi!ski (1975), Grossu (1983), Kerney et al. (1983), Wolf & Rähle (1987), Fechter & Falkner (1990), de Winter (1990), Gittenberger & Bank (1996), Wiktor (1996;2004), Turner et al. (1998) Giusti et al. (2011), Formenti (2012 and Bank & Gittenberger (2013) were used. The nomenclature used is according to Fontaine et al. (2010). ...
... Forty-seven slug species belonging to 5 families were identified from Turkey. Although species richness is very high compared to that of many countries in the Palaearctic region, Turkey is among the least known in terms of of its slug fauna and a lot more information is needed about its fauna (Simroth, 1899; Wiktor, 1971 Wiktor, , 1983 Wiktor, , 1984 Wiktor, , 1987 Wiktor, , 1994 Wiktor, , 1996 Wiktor, , 1997 Wiktor, , 2000 Schütt, 2001). ...
Three families (Limacidae, Agriolimacidae and Milacidae) and 7 species, (Limacus flavus, Deroceras reticulatum. Deroceras berytensis, Mesolimax brauni, Mesolimax escherichi, Milax cf. altenai and Tandonia budapestensis) were identified from Lakes Region (Isparta, Burdur, and Afyon provinces). These include 1 endemic genus with 2 species. In this study some new habitat information and morphological data of the species are given. Additionally, Deroceras reticulatum, D. berytensis and Milax cf. altenai are new records for the area.
... The subfamily Arioniinae, originally restricted to Europe, North Africa, and Siberia, has two genera and ca. 35 species that are widely distributed (Kerney and Cameron, 1979;Likharev and Rammelmeier, 1962;Wiktor, 1994Wiktor, , 1996Wiktor, , 1997, but until now, unknown in Turkey, the Caucasus, and the Near East (Schütt, 2001). Samples (n = 9) ) were collected from Sapanca (40°40′60′′N, 30°16′00′′E; altitude: 145 m; in NW Anatolia), near the garden of Sakarya Üniversitesi Sosyal Tesisleri (on 11.iv.2003), and determined as belonging to Arion (Mesarion) subfuscus (Draparnaud, 1805), making the family and the species a first record from Turkey. ...
... Wagner, 1931) Ku{~erova grebenka Tandonia lagostana (H. Wagner, 1940) lastovska grebenka Tandonia rara Wiktor, 1996 rijetka grebenka Tandonia reuleauxi (Clessin, 1887) Reuleauxova grebenka Tandonia robici (Simroth, 1884) brdska grebenka Tandonia rustica (Millet, 1843) velika grebenka Tandonia serbica (H. Wagner, 1931) srpska grebenka Tandonia Nordsieck, 1987 le}asti pu`evi Trochoidea pyramidata (Draparnaud, 1805) bezgrebeni sto`asti puT rochoidea trochoides (Poiret, 1789) tupogrebenasti sto`asti puT rochulus erjaveci (Brusina, 1870) Erjav~ev zrnavac Trochulus erjaveci cinctus (Soós, 1904) pasasti zrnavac Trochulus erjaveci erjaveci (Brusina, 1870) obi~ni Erjav~ev zrnavac Trochulus erjaveci hirci (Clessin, 1883) Hir~ev zrnavac Trochulus hispidus (Linnaeus, 1758) obi~ni dlakavac Troglaegopis mosorensis (Ku{~er, 1933) mosorski {piljski pasjak Truncatellina callicratis (Scacchi, 1833) ju`na trun~ica Truncatellina claustralis (Gredler, 1856) svijetla trun~ica Truncatellina cylindrica (A. ...
By examination of extensive literature data, a list of the terrestrial snails of Croatia has been compiled. A list of Croatian names for each taxon is also provided for the first time. Croatian endemic species and subspecies are indicated.
... 1), quali Carychium hellenicum Bank & Gittenberger, 1985, Arion vulgaris (MoquinTan don, 1855, Hawaiia minuscula (Binney, 1841), Zonitoides arboreus (Say, 1817) e Lehmannia valentiana (Férussac, 1822), quasi tutti segnalati o trovati solo di recente e ancora molto localizzati in Piemonte (Magnaghi et al., 1978;Boato et al., 1985;Bodon et al., 2004;Gavetti et al., 2008;Evangelista et al., 2013;Birindelli, Bodon & Nar di, dati inediti). et al., 1984;Van Goethem & De Wilde, 1985;Falkner, 1990;Wiktor, 1996;Turner et al. 1998;Kerney & Came ron, 1999;Pelbárt, 2000;Wiktor, 2000;Lill, 2001;Wiktor, 2001;Falkner et al., 2002;Skujiene, 2002;Vaupotič & Velkovrh, 2003;Soes & de Winter, 2004;Hausser, 2005;Irikov & Mollov, 2006;Karaman, 2006;Hubenov, 2007;Dhora, 2009;Fehér & Erőss, 2009;Kantor et al., 2009;Schütt, 2010;Aescht & Bisenberger, 2011;Boschi, 2011;Gargominy et al., 2011;WelterSchultes et al., 2011;Ba lashov & GuralSverlova, 2012;WelterSchultes, 2012;Bank, 2013;Horsák et al., 2013;Horáčková et al., 2014;Soes, 2014;Wiese, 2014). Il ritrovamento di D. sturanyi conferma dunque l'enne sima introduzione di questa specie, particolarmente predisposta al trasporto passivo e ben adattabile ai luoghi antropizzati, in un altro paese europeo, l'Italia, (Simroth, 1894) ...
Deroceras sturanyi (Simroth, 1894), a species native to SE Europe and then introduced in several
other European countries, is reported from Italy (Viverone lake, Piedmont) for the first time. The identification
was confirmed by the study of anatomical characters. The discovery of this species in disturbed
habitat, together with the occurrence of other alien taxa in the same area or nearby localities, suggest the
hypothesis of anthropic introduction.
... In de V.S. is de soort nog niet gevonden. Altena (1955;1971), Briner & Franken (1998), Davies (1987), Dreijers & Reise (2011), Ingimarsdóttir and Olafsson (2005), Ju!i"ková (1995), Kantor et al. (2009), Kozlowski & Kornobis (1995, Moquin-Tandon (1855), Quick (1960), Reischütz (1994), Reisschütz & Stojaspal (1972), Schmid (1970), Van Goethem (1987), Valovirta (1995), Varga (1986), Von Proschwitz (1989), Von Proschwitz & Winge (1994); Wiktor (1996) (Altena, 1955(Altena, , 1971) en was erop gespitst om deze soort in Nederland te ontdekken. Een van de schrijvers van dit rapport (AJW) heeft sinds 1978 ook speciaal op het voorkomen van de Spaanse wegslak gelet, wat pas in 1988 in een vondst resulteerde. ...
... À l'inverse la carène dorsale était peu (voire pas) visible et l'animal une fois molesté sécrétait un important mucus corporel orange et collant (photos 2, 3, 4 et 5). Ces données sont en désaccord avec celles de la littérature qui mentionnent toujours une nette carène claire jaune-orangée (Fechter et Falkner, 1993 ;Kerney et al., 1999) et un mucus incolore ou blanc laiteux (Wiktor, 1996). ...
... It stretches from Central Serbia through FYR Macedonia, northeastern Greece, and Bulgaria to European Turkey and Southeast Romania (Dedov and Mitev, 2011;Reischü tz, 1988;Wiktor, 1987;2001). Occurrences of the species in Croatia, coastal Southwest Ukraine, and Crimea are presumed to be the result of human introductions (Son, 2010;Sysoev and Schileyko, 2009;Wiktor, 1987;1996). ...
The terrestrial slug Tandonia kusceri (Pulmonata: Milacidae) is native to the Balkan Peninsula. This article reports the discovery of the species for the first time outside southeastern Europe, in Brookfield, Illinois, USA, a suburb of Chicago. Descriptions and photographs of live animals and reproductive organs are provided to facilitate the recognition of this potential pest species previously unrecorded from the Americas. Tandonia kusceri is compared with three other Milacidae species that have been introduced by humans into regions outside their native range, two of which have been recorded from North America. The known distribution and ecology of T kusceri are summarized.
... REISCHÜTZ (1986) mentioned that D. turcicum reaches the most north-western margin of its area in Austria. However, WIKTOR (1996) suggested that the species might be more widespread but had not been recognised owing to its similarity with D. reticulatum and to the high variability of both species. ...
We report seven new localities of the terrestrial slug Deroceras turcicum (Simroth), including the first occurrences in the Czech Republic and Slovakia. These demonstrate that the distribution of D. turcicum extends much further north than known previously and it might even be rather common there. We discuss possible rea-sons for its belated discovery. D. turcicum might have often been confused not only with the common D. reticulatum (O.F. Müll.) but also with the syntopical D. rodnae Grossu et Lupu and D. praecox Wiktor. We describe its variability in size, coloration, genital morphology, and caecum length, and consider characters for its reliable discrimination from other species. Two colour morphs (white and violet) are described for the first time. Intriguingly, the coloration of D. turcicum often matches that of congeners found at the same site, which suggests that colour has some selective value. Since external appearance often gives no reason to suspect that two species co-occur at a site, dissection of several specimens is advisable.
Background
Arion vulgaris Moquin-Tandon, 1855 is amongst the fastest-spreading terrestrial slugs Europe-wide. In recent years, it has been recorded in Canada, Mexico and continues to expand eastwards into Eurasia. Renowned for its high invasiveness, combatting its swift spread creates significant challenges in organising effective preventative measures.
New information
This study presents the first record of Arion vulgaris from Armenia, which is the second record of this species' invasion of the Caucasus. In 2022, a substantial population of A. vulgaris was observed close to the City of Stepanavan, which is also the first record in Armenia of the family Arionidae. How the species was introduced to Armenia remains unknown. Identification of Arion vulgaris was conducted, based on external and genital morphology and mitochondrial CO1 (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1) gene sequencing, revealing notable similarities with Central European clades. Our results confirm the introduction and distribution of A. vulgaris to Armenia. Invasion of such species into Armenia will require additional monitoring and would be aided by further research on Armenia’s mollusc fauna in the future.
Slugs are among the less investigated gastropods in Slovenia. The study of approximatelly 600 samples of slugs (Milacidae, Limacidae, Boettgerillidae, Agriolimacidae and Arionidae) from three collections and the analysis of data from the literature gave a total of 27 species for the territory of Slovenia. For six species this is the first record for Slovenia. Most slugs in Slovenia belong to the family Milacidae (8). A list of species with distribution maps in UTM grids (IO x IO km) is given.
This datasheet on Limax maximus covers Identity, Overview, Distribution, Dispersal, Hosts/Species Affected, Diagnosis, Biology & Ecology, Environmental Requirements, Natural Enemies, Impacts, Prevention/Control, Further Information.
The invasive pest slug Arion lusitanicus (also known as Arion vulgaris) has spread throughout much of Europe within the last 60 years, becoming one of the worst agricultural and horticultural pest species. It has now been detected in Romania for the first time. There are dense populations at two sites in Braşov County (2013) and another occurrence in Mureş County (2012). We review occurrences in neighbouring countries and discuss evidence that A. lusitanicus might have arrived in Romania earlier. Further research on the species’ spread in Romania and on its impact on the native fauna and flora is necessary.
The Paul Hesse Collection, purchased by ANSP in 1926, focused on non-marine mollusks of Europe and countries bordering the Mediterranean and Black Seas. It contains about 7,500 lots totaling about 50,000 specimens and is thus an important resource for studying Palearctic mollusks. Type lots of more than 40 European authors are included therein. Hesse himself introduced available names for 62 species-group, 62 genus-group and 4 family-group taxa, all of them gastropods and most terrestrial. Five additional species-group names were introduced by other authors in Hesse's works. Among Hesse's species-group names, 7 were replacements for preoccupied names of other authors. We found type specimens for 32 Hesse taxa in the ANSP collection and report their current type status. H. B. Baker listed primary type material at ANSP for 22 of these and designated lectotypes where ANSP held more than one specimen. For the 10 names not treated by Baker, it has not been previously reported that ANSP holds type material. We designate a lectotype for one of them, Archelix punctata melanostoma. Hesse's primary type specimens at ANSP are figured and the current placement of species-group taxa that he named is provided based on recent literature, except for replacement names. Buliminus phazemonicus Hesse, 1910 is synonymized with Buliminus ufjalvyanus Ancey, 1886, which is currently placed in Laevozebrinus, and its type locality, originally stated to be Merzifon, Turkey, is identified as the Fergana Valley of central Asia. Theba teheranensis is reclassified as a Monacha but considered a nomen dubium. Other type localities represented by the Hesse type material at ANSP are in Bulgaria, Cyprus, Georgia, Greece, Morocco, Syria and Tunisia.
Zusammenfassung
Die Spanische Wegschnecke-Arion vulgaris MOQUIN-TANDON 1855 (= lusitanicus aut. non lusitanicus MABILLE 1868)-wird von zwei Fundorten in Kroatien gemeldet, von wo sie nach der Literatur erst einmal nachgewiesen wurde.
Summary
Two findings of the slug Arion vulgaris MOQUIN-TANDON 1855 (= lusitanicus aut. non lusitanicus MABILLE 1868) are reported from Croatia.
Within the last decades the slug Arion lusitanicus has expanded its range over wide areas of Europe, in most of them it is now a serious pest. Poland has been invaded relatively recently (since the late 1980s). Considering the ecological importance of the slug, very little is known yet about the mechanism of invasion, establishment of new populations and influence on the native fauna and flora. The analysis of nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 gene (cox1) revealed a great inter-and intrapopulation variation in the Polish populations of A. lusitanicus. The differentiation of all the studied Polish populations of A. lusitanicus is 0.2–2.2%, while two analysed Belgian populations are monomorphic and moderately genetically diverse at 0.8%. This indicates a heterogeneous origin of the Polish populations, probably resulting from multiple independent introduction events. The genotype found in the first four Polish populations (S. Poland) suggests that their origin is different from the remaining populations.
A SEM study of the structure associated with the outlet of the epiphallus in the atrium genitale of three arionid species (Arion hortensis s.s., A. distinctus and A. owenii) is presented. The structures are described and compared, and the specific differences are outlined. Preliminary notes on the same structure in A. intermedius, as well as on the spermatophores of A. hortensis s.s. and A. distinctus, are also provided. It is concluded that A. owenii stands somewhat apart in relation to the latter two species, since it may be more related to A. intermedius. Although it is generally accepted that the genus Arion is characterized by the absence of a penis, it is suggested here that the described structure at the outlet of the epiphallus is nothing but a remnant of an ancestral penis; anyhow, it is at least functionally allied to a penis.
Digestive gland esterases and albumen gland proteins of Arion (Carinarion)fasciatus, A. (C.) circumscriptus, A. (C.)silvaticus, A. (Kobeltia)hortensis, A. (K.) distinctus and A. (K.)intermedius were studied using vertical polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE) and isoelectric focusing (IEF). Each of the three Carinarion forms revealed characteristic and nearly monomorphic electrophoretic profiles. Yet some variation was also observed. Within each form the mean intraspecific similarities, calculated from IEF profiles, were high in comparison with similar figures for A. hortensis and A. distinctus. The interspecific similarities, however, were low and of about the same magnitude as those of the Kobeltia species. These results are discussed in the light of the reproductive biology of the Carinarion spp. It seems convenient to retain the three names A. fasciatus, A. circumscriptus and A. silvaticus, even though these do not necessarily refer to actual biological species.