No full-text available
To read the full-text of this research,
you can request a copy directly from the authors.
Abstract
Rouge or colloidal iron oxide that is present in pharmaceutical water system, poses a significant challenge in moving total organic carbon (TOC) from a lab-based release to online release. Rogue deposition can alter online TOC analyzer performance within months of installation by changing cell constants and blocking ultraviolet light of quartz oxidation cells. When UV light is blocked, oxidation of organics to carbon dioxide is inhibited that leads to underreporting of TOC, making oxidation and analysis times longer than the expected time in the water sample. Also, analyzers that use membrane technology to separate carbon dioxide from the sample matrix are at greater risk because of colloidal fouling and reduced carbon dioxide efficiency. Reduced membrane performance can lead to inaccuracy, drift, and instability. Three strategies can help mitigate such effects of rouge. These include dynamic endpoint detection, rouge detection sensors and oxidation cell maintenance kits.
ResearchGate has not been able to resolve any citations for this publication.
Advances in chemical control have resulted in a new monitoring and control methods for use in sensitive reverse osmosis systems. Antiscalant treatments are combined with an inert, fluorescent molecule to continuosly monitor, troubleshoot and diagnose the antiscalant concentration and provide accurate chemical dosage in the system. This fluorescence monitoring technology is coupled with a proportional integral derivative control. The system incorporates an autotune process to define the P, I, D terms. Stable system operation for 10-30 mins. is required for successful tuning. Manual adjustments can also be made for further optimization of system performance. Improved feed control of reverse osmosis antiscalant resulted to improved operations, allowed setting of treatment programs and minimized scaling of the system.