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Abstract
AIM: To investigate the prevalence of visual impairment, severe visual impairment and blindness, leading cause of these impairments among adults aged ≥50 years in Haikou outskirts of Hainan. METHODS: Random sampling analysis was performed in 850 individuals chosen as the sample, aged ≥50 years in 30 villages of Sanya. Corrected vision, external eye, anterior chamber, lens, vitreous, fundus were examined by ophthalmologists. The prevalence of visual impairmen, severe visual impairment and blindness was calculated, and the main cause was analyzed. RESULTS: Totally 786 individuals among 850 were examined. The response rate was 92.47%, the prevalence of visualimpairmen, severe visual impairment and blindness is 2.67%, 0.64% and 2.54%, resulting chiefly from cataract, posterior segment ocular disease and corneal scar. CONCLUSION: The epidemiological results show that the main cause of visualimpairmen, severe visual impairment and blindness is cataract. But the other causes of blindness such as posterior segment ocular disease and corneal scar can not be neglected.
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According to the National Sample Survey of Blindness and Low Vision, the prevalence of blindness in China was 0.43%, resulting chiefly from cataract (41.06%), corneal diseases (15.38%), trachoma (10.87%), and glaucoma (8.80%); and the prevalence of low vision in China was 0.58%, of which the main causes were cataract (49.83%), ametropia/amblyopia (14.98%), trachoma (9.55%), corneal diseases (8.48%), chorioretinal diseases (6.27%), etc. Among children under 14 years of age, the leading cause of blindness and low vision was heredity (48.46%). Among elderly of 60 years and over, the leading cause of blindness and low vision was cataract (73.13%).
To estimate the prevalence and distribution of blindness and low vision in Northern China.
Population-based cohort study.
The Beijing Eye Study included 4438 subjects with an age of 40+ years. Mean age was 56.2 +/- 10.6 years (range, 40 to 101 years).
Forty-three (1.0%) individuals had low vision (<20/60 and >/=20/400 best-corrected vision), and 17 (0.4%) individuals were blind (best-corrected visual acuity in the better-seeing eye <20/400). Low vision/blindness were significantly associated with age (P < .001), myopic refractive error (P < .001), and level of educational background (P = .035). It was not associated with gender (P = .76) and rural vs urban area (P = .88).
Blindness or low vision affects approximately one in 100 Chinese older than 40 years. An estimated 4.1 million Chinese older than 40 years have low vision, and an estimated 1.6 million Chinese older than 40 years are blind.