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Partial replacement of concentrate mixture with Leucaena leucocephala leaves in pelleted feed of goats
Abstract
Thirty per cent replacement of concentrate mixture (or 9.80% in total diet consumed) with Leucaena leaves in pellet has given comparable DM, TDN and DCP intake with that of mash fed control. Values of ruminal pH, total VFA, total-N, ammonia-N and protozoa counts were also similar with that of control. Hence, pelleted feed with 30% Leucaena leaf can be fed easily to adult Marwari goats for their maintenance. Addtion of Leucaena leaves in the mash reduced the cost of pellet by 21.43%.
... "The Leucaena leaves meal or fresh leaves can also replace concentrate diets, since it increases total daily dry matter and protein intake, and thus improving growth rate of animals" [13,14]. Also, it was reported that the Leucaena foliage inclusion levels between 500g/kg, DM and 750g/kg, DM can be replaced concentrate diet without adversely affecting the growth and milk production performances in goats [15,16] ...
The shortage in livestock feeds is among the factors affecting the livestock
production in South Omo. This feed shortage stretches to increase unproductive and
low productive performance of livestock in the study areas. Thus, present finding
intended to evaluate the biomass yields and nutritive values of Leucaena varieties
under surface irrigation at Dassench Woreda. The Sermemiret Kebele from Dassench
Woreda was nominated for on-farm experimental trial with vigorous connections
with Woreda pastoral office experts. The Leucaena varieties viz. DZ-0032, DZ-321, DZdismounts, DZ-235 and DZ-032 were assessed in a randomized complete block design
with three replicates per variety. The biomass yields, plant height, branches per plant
and nutritive values were analyzed by using the General Linear Model (GLM) and Least
Significance Difference (LSD) was used for mean comparison. The DZ-321 variety
yielded higher (p<0.05) biomass yields (31.37 tons/ha), whereas the DZ-dismounts
variety yielded lower biomass yields (11.88 tons/ha). The DZ-032 variety contained
higher (p<0.05) crude protein (233.5g/kg, DM), whereas the DZ-dismounts and DZ-
321 varieties contained lower (p<0.001) crude protein (144.4 g/kg, DM and 148.5g/
kg, DM), respectively. Thus, it was concluded that the agro-pastoralists and pastoralists
could enhance the feed availability for livestock by planting DZ-321 Leucaena variety
for higher biomass yields
... L. leucocephala gives better dry matter intake, weight gain, and reproductive performance than other legumes such as alfalfa, Lablab purpureus, and Gliricidia sepium [54][55][56][57]. In a grassbased diet for goat, L. leucocephala dry matter foliage can be included at 30% to 75% [58][59][60], and it does not affect the goats' growth and milk production [60]. Fresh or wilted L. leucocephala is better than dried L. leucocephala leaves as a dry matter intake, growth rate and nitrogen utilization [61]. ...
Leucaena leucocephala trees are commonly known as White Lead tree. It is native to Southern Mexico and Northern Central America and spread across many tropical and subtropical locations. It has multipurpose uses, such as generation of firewood, timber, greens, fodder, and green manure, as well as to provide shade and control soil erosion. It has been used for medicinal purposes because of possessing multiple pharmacological properties. Studies have shown the presence of various secondary metabolites such as alkaloid, cardiac glycosides, tannins, flavonoids, saponins, and glycosides in this species. In traditional medicine, it is used to control stomach ache and as contraception and abortifacient. In the present study, the global distribution, taxonomy, chemical composition, pharmacological activities, and potential uses of Leucaena leucocephalaare discussed.
This paper analyses the progress in recent research in goat nutrition since the last International Conference on Goats (Tours, 2000). This review reveals clear progress in the quality of papers, now similar to those on cattle or sheep, particularly on nutritional aspects in tropical areas. Topics dealt with in goat nutrition are feeding behaviour, particularly on pastures or rangelands, feed digestibility, tree leaf or by-product utilization, effects of nutritional factors on growth, milk and hair production, while nutritional adaptation to harsh environments, underfeeding, factors influencing energy consumption, quality of goat products (milk, cheese, meat) and reproduction performance along with the connection between nutrition and pathology require more attention. Goat nutrition in a tropical environment follows the same physiological mechanisms as under temperate conditions, but genotypes can present specificities enabling a better adaptation to feeding conditions. Complete and precise information on the nutritive value of tropical forage, rangeland vegetation in accordance with the season, and new feed or by-products is still missing. Researchers in goat nutrition frequently use different methods, making it difficult to compare results from several research teams. Agreement on the methodology in goat nutrition is easier when the research teams are organized in networks at the national or international level. To be successful with technological transfer in goat nutrition, the message for the end users must be clear and well adapted. At the present time, we are short of review papers that provide an analysis of all results already published to establish quantitative relationships between variables, which can clarify the messages for the field. Methods of meta-analysis can be used to analyse the quantitative results from experimental data banks and to establish response laws and define limits of application. Finally, if we implement a research project on goat nutrition dedicated to application in the field, not only the research works but also the actions of technological transfer must be financed.
O objetivo deste experimento foi estudar o desempenho de borregos suplementados com dois níveis de feno de leucena (Leucaena leucocephala (Lam) de Wit), durante a estação seca, em comparação com animais mantidos em pastagem exclusiva de capim-buffel (Cenchrus ciliaris, L) ou em pastagem consorciada de capim-buffel com guandu (Cajanus cajan). Durante a estação das águas, foi determinado ainda o desempenho dos animais que foram mantidos em pastagem comum de capim-buffel, sem suplementação. Os seguintes tratamentos foram testados durante a estação seca: A - pasto de capim-buffel; B - pasto de capim-buffel consorciado com guandu; C - pasto de capim-buffel suplementado com feno de leucena (250 g/animald); e D - pasto de capim-buffel suplementado com feno de leucena (500 g/animald). Durante a estação seca, somente os borregos suplementados com o nível mais alto de feno de leucena (tratamento D) apresentaram ganho diário de peso mais elevado que os animais mantidos em dieta exclusiva de pasto (tratamentos A e B). Na estação das águas, os animais que apresentaram melhor desempenho durante a estação seca passaram a apresentar ganho diário de peso inferior em relação aos dos demais tratamentos. Quando as duas estações foram consideradas em conjunto, a vantagem com a suplementação desapareceu e não houve diferenças entre tratamentos. O uso de feno de leucena para suplementação de borregos mantidos a pasto, durante a estação seca, é eficiente, desde que os animais estejam terminados e sejam abatidos ao final da estação.
The effect of overnight supplementation with leucaena leaves on productivity and grazing activity of goats given access to a Digitaria setivalva pasture for 8 h during the day was studied. Maximum grazing activity occurred between 9 and 11 am for both control and supplemented groups. The latter showed lower grazing activity only during the first hour of being let out of the pens. A general decline in activity was observed after 3-4 h of grazing. Goats voluntarily returned to their shed for about 1 h to rest and ruminate, after which they resumed grazing. Daily live weight gain of the supplemented animals (72.4 g/head/day) was significantly greater than that of the control (31.4 g/head/day). Analysis of grab samples of pasture indicated that goats selected a diet that was of higher quality than the overall sward. Leucaena leaves were not only a good source of protein, but they also corrected the deficient Ca:P ratio of the grass diet.