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STUDIES ON COCCIDIOSIS IN CATTLE IN NORTH-WEST POLAND

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... The over all prevalence of coccidiosis was 6.6%, as 66 calves were found infected. Waruiru et al. (2000), Pilarczyk et al. (2000Pilarczyk et al. ( , 2002, Romaniuk et al. (2004) and Hatice et al. (2007) reported the infection rate as 61.4, 49.6% and 5.5, 16.6% and 27.23% in buffalo calves respectively. ...
... 49.6% and 5.5, 16.6% and 27.23% in buffalo calves respectively. Prevalence of 6.6% observed in present study appeared to be lower than that reported by Waruiru et al. (2000), Pilarczyk et al. (2000), Romaniuk et al. (2004) and Hatice et al. (2007) and higher than the observations of Pilarczyk et al. (2002). The variation may be attributed to management practices and source of animals examined. ...
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A total of 1000 bovine fecal samples were randomly collected per-rectum from Hyderabad and its surrounding areas to determine the types and prevalence of coccidian parasites. Coccidian oocysts were found in 6.6% of all samples examined. Eimeria bovis 66 (6.6%) was the most prevalent species in the buffalo calves. During the present investigation four species of nematodes were also identified. The species detected and their prevalence were Toxocara vitulorum 80 (8.0%), Hemonchus contortus 09 (0.9%), Strongyles 05 (0.5%) and Ostertagia ostertagai 04 (0.4%). The highest percentage of coccidiosis 9.36% was recorded from cattle colony Hyderabad and lowest 1.23% from Pusia village. Other species of gastrointestinal nematodes were also identified from the different localities of Hyderabad but it was concluded that E. bovis was the most prevalent species in the calves specifically at the areas of Hyderabad.
... Podobne wyniki w Polsce uzyskali Pilarczyk i wsp. wykazując eimeriozę jako jedną z dominujących inwazji u bydła (20,22). Również w innych krajach Europy kokcydioza jest jedną z najbardziej znaczących inwazji w cielętnikach. ...
... Znacznie wyższą prewalencję (60%) stwierdzono u bydła importowanego z Francji do Włoch (28). Dominacja niektórych inwazji w dużych stadach potwierdzona również przez innych autorów, spowodowana jest prawdopodobnie ich bezuwięziowym utrzymaniem, co prowadzi do kontaminacji środowiska obory i wybiegu formami inwazyjnymi pasożytów (20,22). Inwazją o podobnym znaczeniu klinicznym, o dużej patogenności dla cieląt z nosicielstwem u starszego bydła jest węgorczyca, wywoływana przez nicienie z rodzaju Strongyloides. ...
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The changes in the cattle farming system in Poland observed in the last two decades and related to its evolution into massive scale, specialized farming may have an influence on the occurrence of parasitoses. The study was aimed at showing differences in the prevalence of internal parasites in cattle depending on the herd size, management system and production type. In the period of October to December in 2016 and 2017, the study covered 46 farms with a livestock density from 2 to 160 animals (over 1 year of age), including 25 farms with a confined management system, 12 farms using pastures occasionally and 7 farms with animals using pastures during the whole season. Out of these farms, 36 were oriented towards dairy cattle and 10 to beef cattle. The analytical methods involved flotation, sedimentation and the Baermann technique. In total, 276 feces samples were analyzed. The analysis involved a representative number of samples from each farm, depending on the herd size: from 100% of the animals in the smallest farms to 10% in the largest ones. In total, eleven different taxa of parasites were identified, and their general prevalence was as follows: Eimeria spp. 24.6%, Buxtonella sulcata 25.7%, Strongyloides papillosus 7.6%, gastrointestinal nematodes (Trichostrongylidae, Chabertia, Oesophagostomum) 35.1%, Nematodirus spp. 4.7%, Bunostomum phlebotomum 7.6%, Trichuris spp. 6.2%, Fasciola hepatica 6.9%, Paramphistomum spp 2.5%, Moniezia spp. 2.9%, Dictyocaulus viviparus 2.5%. The forms of parasites were found in samples coming from all studied herds. Invasions of protozoa (Eimeria, Buxtonella) were most commonly found in dairy cattle, in large herds managed in a free stall barn system and in beef cattle, in large herds managed in a pasture system. These herds were also most frequently infected with gastrointestinal nematodes. The invasions of trematodes, tapeworms and pulmonary nematodes were detected only in cattle using pastures, most commonly in large herds..
... Young calves are the most susceptible to coccidiosis due to immature gut associated lymphoid tissue (GALT) and gastrointestinal epithelial cells (Fiege et al., 1992;Hermosilla et al., 2012;Ovington et al., 1995). The presence of animals from different age groups on the same farm/shelter may also positively influence the prevalence and abundance of coccidia (Pilarczyk and Balicka-Ramisz, 2000;Ramisz et al., 2012). Coccidiosis in feedlot cattle is associated with stress caused by shipping or changes in rationing (Ernst and Benz, 1986). ...
... Ramisz et al. (1971) detected the presence of seven species of the coccidian in Poland. In other studies (Pilarczyk and Balicka-Ramisz, 2000), six species of the coccida were found: E. bovis, E. auburnensis, E. zuernii, E. ellipsoidalis, Eimeria subspherica, Eimeria cyllindrica. In another examination, repeated in the same area, Pilarczyk et al. (2002) isolated only four species. ...
... 42 Cattle of all ages can become infected, but symptomatic Eimeriosis is most common in young animals. 51 The disease is spread through the consumption of contaminated food and water and symptoms include diarrhea with mucus and blood, lack of appetite, weight loss, anemia, fatigue, wool breaking and eventually death of the animal. 40 The infections occur in acute, subacute and chronic forms. ...
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Introduction: Eimeria infection is one of the protozoal diseases of animals caused by various species of Eimeria (intracellular parasite) and causes reduced productivity and mortality in ruminants, especially in young ones. Despite the fact that the disease is one of the leading causes of economic losses, there is little information in Ethiopia on the occurrence of the infection in cattle and sheep. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted from December 2021 to April 2022 in and around Adama and Bishoftu towns with the objectives to estimate the prevalence of Eimeria infection; identify circulating Eimeria oocysts, the intensity/burden of infection and associated risk factors of Eimeria infection in cattle and sheep. A total of 384 randomly selected (265 cattle and 119 sheep) fecal samples were collected from the rectum and examined by flotation technique using sheather's sugar solution to detect the oocysts of Eimeria. A 2.5% potassium dichromate solution was added to the positive fecal samples for sporulation of the oocysts. Results and discussion: The overall prevalence of 48.95% Eimeria infection was recorded during the study. 45.0% and 58% prevalence of the infection was registered in cattle and sheep, respectively. There was a statistically significant difference (P ˂ 0.05) in Eimeria infection between the study animal species, age of the animals, breed, farm hygiene and management system. However, there was no significant difference in Eimeria infection (P > 0.05) in sex, body condition of the animals and fecal consistency. The maximum oocysts per gram of feces was found to be 10,000. Eimeria infection is of great importance to livestock producers and requires serious control and prevention initiatives.
... It can also delay growth of calves by as much as 2 months [6]. A number of epidemiological factors like moisture, temperature, and oxygen tension influence the pattern of the disease [7]. In addition, stress factors like weaning, change of diet, harsh environment, poor nutrition and sanitation, and overcrowding can increase level of infection and incidence of the disease due to stress-induced immune suppression [8]. ...
... Research performed in other countries has revealed prevalence rates of Eimeria spp. varying from 17.9% to 93% in Poland (Pilarczyk et al. 2000;Klockiewicz et al. 2007;Pilarczyk et al. 2009), 33% in Hungary (Farkas et al. 2007), 22.6% and33.3% in Brazil (Almeida et al. 2011;Poscoti-Bruhn et al. 2011), 35% to 47.1% in China (Yu et al. 2011;Dong et al. 2012), 50% in Pakistan (Nisar-Khan et al. 2013), 22.7% and 68% in Ethiopia (Abebe et al. 2008;Dawid et al. 2012), 20%, 68% and 75% in Turkey (Arslan and Tuzer 1998;Cicek et al. 2007;Nalbantoglu et al. 2008), 29%, 50% and 52% in South Africa (Matjila and Penzhorn 2002), and 35% in Tanzania (Chibunda et al. 1997). The rate was reported to be 21.3% and 18% to 50% in the Kurdistan and East-Azerbaijan provinces of Iran (Yakhchali and Gholami 2008;Yakhchali and Zarei 2008;Davoudi et al. 2011). ...
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Information on the occurrence, diversity and economic losses due to Eimeria infection on cattle farms is lacking in Western Iran. The principal aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and diversity of Eimeria species in cattle in Hamedan province, Western Iran. In a cross-sectional study performed from June 2010 to April 2013, 400 faecal samples were collected randomly from animals without clinical signs from different cattle farms of Hamedan province and examined for Eimeria species infection using parasitology methods. The overall infection rate of Eimeria species was 8.25%. Nine species of Eimeria were identified including: E. bovis (23.7%), E. zuernii (19.2%), E. canadensis (12.6%), E. ellipsodalis (11.4%), E. alabamensis (10.4%), E. pellita (9.1%), E. auburnensis (6.8%), E. cylindrica (4.6%) and E. bukidnonensis (2.3%). There were statistically significant differences with respect to Eimeria infection and age group (P < 0.0001, OR = 6), although no statistically significant relationships were found for sex (P = 0.35) or faecal consistency (P = 0.587). In conclusion, this study is the first to report the prevalence and diversity of Eimeria species in cattle in Hamedan province. Infection with pathogenic Eimeria spp. was asymptomatic in all animals; this is the reason for the transmission of infection by carriers in this region. Therefore, integrated strategies should be utilised to prevent and control Eimeria spp. infection on cattle farms.
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In recent years, schemes developed to assess cattle welfare on-farm have shifted their weight from resource-based measures, such as feed and water availability and housing facilities, to animal-based measures such as expression of behavior, positive emotional state of the animals and human-animal relationships. The overall objective of this study was to evaluate the effects that milking temperament has on production and reproduction efficiency and on welfare of dairy cows housed in tied stanchion barns. Milking temperament of 94 Romanian Black Spotted lactating cows was evaluated by two independent observers, using a 5-point subjective scale. The behavioral reactivity of cows during milking significantly influenced (p≤0.05) milk yield, with the calmer cows having a higher milk production than their nervous counterparts. The relation between body condition score of cows and milking temperament was significant (p≤0.05), with calmer cows having higher fat deposits and maintaining better condition, compared to nervous animals. However, no significant influence (p>0.05) of the temperament was found on milking speed, body weight, fertility related traits, coat cleanliness and integuments alterations. Current results showed that it is feasible to include milking temperament as a trait in selection indexes, considering the economic implications of the trait, with calmer cows having significantly higher milk yields, while maintaining a better body condition score throughout lactation in tied stanchion barn systems. Apart of the obvious milk production gains, fluctuations to a lesser extent of body fat reserves in dairy cows during the production cycle, might lead to lower risks of developing metabolic diseases.
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The objective of this study is first time describe Eimeria canadensis in cow. Bos indicus from Marathwada region. The described Eimeria canadensis, common to cattle have not been reported previously from Bos indicus in this region.
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BACKGROUND: Eimeria infection is an important part of protozoal infection in ruminants which causes economic lost in animal husbandry of Iran and worldwide. Therefore it is important to implement effective control programs on the prevalence and diversity of Eimeria species in livestocks. OBJECTIVES: This study was aimed to determine prevalence and Eimeria species diversity in dairy cattle with different age groups under industrial management. METHODS: The present study was carried out in industrial cattle husbandry of Kangavar suburban of Kermanshah province, Iran, from spring 2011 to 2012. A total of 307 fresh fecal samples were randomly collected from the rectum of examined animals. The fecal specimens were subjected for flotation technique and collect Eimeria oocysts. The intensity of infection was determined using McMater method. Eimeria species diversity and frequency was also determined by using oocyst sporulation technique in 2.5% potassium dichromate. RESULTS: The overall prevalence was 31.92% (98 out of 307). The highest prevalence was found in dairy cattle (37%) with 1-3 years old. There was no significant difference between prevalence and different age groups. The highest frequency was significantly in spring (41.66%). The intensity was variable in examined animals which ranged from 3.18×103 to 2.71×105. There was no significant difference between the prevalence and intensity in all age groups. Fecal consistency findings revealed that the highest infection was significantly in dairy cattle with normal fecal consistency in all age groups. According to Laboratory identification, a number of seven Eimeria species were detected in all infected animals. The most common specie was E. zuernii (28.25%) in 5% dairy cattle (1-3 years-old) in spring (30%) and summer (30%). There was significant association between frequency of Eimeria infection and each season during the course of the study. All infected cattle had mixed infections with two (42.85%) and three (3.15%) species of Eimeria. CONCLUSIONS: The results of this study indicated that cattle Eimeria infection was a problem in dairy cattle of industrial farms in the region. Attention should be paid within seasonal infection in young cattle to avoid probable clinical coccidiosis, particularly in farms with poor hygienic conditions and no prophylactic treatments.
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