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Epipactis greuteri (Orchidaceae) - A new species of the Slovak flora
Abstract
Epipactis grcuteri H. BAUMANN et KUNKELE was discovered on two localities in the Sûlbvské vrchy Mts as a new species of the Slovak flora. Distribution, diagnostic characters, variability, as well as ecology of this species are analysed in detail. Morphological characters of the species are documented by drawings. Epipactis yreuteri occurs in Slovakia also in the Mala Fatra Mts, Pieniny Mts, and Javorm'ky Mts.
... However, the morphological differences between these plants and E. leptochila, especially its stable morphological characters, led Baumann & Künkele [3] to describe it as a taxon new to science, giving it the name E. greuteri, in honor of the Swiss botanist Werner Rodolfo Greuter. Since that time, E. greuteri populations were reported from many localities in different European countries [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16][17]. Due to difficulties in species identification, the full range of the phenotypic variability in E. greuteri is still unknown. ...
... It is a species mostly occurring in the Balkan Peninsula, extending to Germany, the Czech Republic, and Poland in the north. So far, it has been found in Greece [1,3,4], Bulgaria [5], Romania [6], Czech Republic [1,7], Germany [1,8,9], Italy [1,10,11], Austria [1,12], Slovakia [13,14], Croatia [15], Slovenia [16], and Poland [17], but in most of these countries the populations are rather small and local. ...
Epipactis greuteri is an obligate autogamous orchid species. Due to large differences in the interpretation of the diagnosis of this species, it is often mistakenly identified by botanists, which results in erroneous information provided in the literature about its distribution in Europe. In the present paper we review its description, including flower details, gynostemium features, and papillae morphology and compare it to E. helleborine, with which it is often confused. Based on thorough study of herbarium material (including holotype and isotype) and field research in Greece, Romania, and Poland, we confirm that gynostemium of E. greuteri has strongly reduced clinandrium and does not produce viscidium. We also discuss taxonomic treatment of E. preinensis and E. flaminia, two recently described taxa related to E. greuteri. The results of genetic analyses, as well as the range of phenotypic variability of E. greuteri individuals from various regions of Europe were presented and discussed. The analysis based on the ITS (internal transcribed spacer) nuclear marker showed no differences among E. helleborine, E. purpurata, E. albensis, and E. greuteri, which probably indicates their close relationship. Based on the analysis of plastid regions, six haplotypes were detected in all investigated samples. An exhaustive description of morphological features of E. greuteri is provided.
... The species was described in 1981 from the Pindos Mountains in central Greece (Baumann & Künkele 1981). In the next thirty years E. greuteri was found in Croatia and Slovenia (Robatsch 1988(Robatsch , 1989Nikolić & Topić 2005;Jogan 2007), Italy (Savelli et al. 1989;Bongiorni et al. 2006), Austria (Mrkvicka 1992), Czech Republic (Batoušek 1993), Germany (Feldmann et al. 1996), Slovakia (Mereďa 1999(Mereďa , 2000, Bulgaria (Petrova & Venkova 2008) and Romania (Ardelean 2011). ...
... 1981. Distribution map: Mereďa (2000). ...
Between 1997 and 2010, nine localities of
... In this paper we report data about E. exillis P. Delforge and E. greuteri H. Baumann & Künkele. Both species are described from Greece but latter are also reported from Italy, some countries on the Balkan Peninsula (Delforge 1995(Delforge , 2006Jogan 2001;Flora Croatica Database 2005), and Slovakia (Mereda 2000). ...
Epipactis exilis and E. greuteri are reported for the Bulgarian flora on the basis of the authors' collections and a revision of the specimens of genus Epipactis in the herbaria SOM, SO and SOA. A description of the habitats and data about the size and the spatial structure of the populations is given. According to an evaluation of the species according to the IUCN Red List of Categories and Criteria applied at regional level, E. exilis is classified as Endangered and E. greuteri as Critically Endangered.
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