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Abstract
The implementation of information systems is a lengthy and expensive process. It is estimated that in average between half and two thirds of the total cost for ERP systems has spent on the implementation stage. However, there is no established implementation model for such systems for manufacturing companies. Software vendors only provide "best practice" software package for companies. However, different companies have different manufacturing strategies due to their market positions. These strategies ultimately result in new functional requirements, design parameters and variables for implementation of an enterprise information system. Both researchers and practitioners have recognised that a methodology is needed to assist manufacturing companies to achieve integration goals during information system implementation. This project presents the result of a company-based research project aiming at the above problem. In principle, information system implementation can be viewed as the process of evolving a design and configuration. This process consists of the decomposing of functional requirements and mapping between the functional requirements derived from the manufacturing strategy and software components. The implementation methodology provides a framework for the implementation of enterprise information system to meet the requirements of the company's manufacturing strategy. An integration implementation approach should be adapted to assist manufacturing companies to achieve integration goals during the system implementation.
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This paper presents a database system developed to provide a computerized environment for requirement management during the product definition phase. The scope of this database system is to facilitate and demonstrate a methodology for product definition by recognizing and adopting functional requirement patterns from previous product designs so as to address a broad spectrum of domain-specific customer requirements and organize requirement information for product specifications. The database system improves the product definition process during design and redesign efforts by integrating customer and design information all together and by reusing this information. A prototype requirement management database system is implemented on a PC platform using Microsoft Access.
Manufacturing is one of the most crucial sectors of the economy. Nowadays, more and more countries are realizing that manufacturing brings wealth to their societies. Therefore, development of the manufacturing industry has become one of the key items on the agenda of governments. Not only developing countries, but developed countries also recognize these imperatives. The progress in manufacturing has gone through several major evolutionary stages in recent years, from early process automation to factory automation. However, manufacturing system design still remains mostly in the trial-and-error stage. A manufacturing system is the key to efficient and effective coordination of resources, and is especially critical to the quality of products and services. It can hardly be left to trial-and-error. Since the quality of a system has to be built in through design, the subject of manufacturing system design is realized as one of the most important areas of research. However, due to the dynamics and the complexity of manufacturing systems, it is also recognized as one of the most difficult.
Object-oriented programming (OOP) is now widely used in application software development. OOP has advantages connected with handling complexity, reusability, extendability, modularity and data abstraction, enabling it to handle modern programming requirements more effectively than conventional programming methods. Successful advanced manufacturing systems demand increasing complexity, flexibility and integration between computer applications. An object-oriented approach is particularly promising for the design and development of manufacturing information systems. This paper outlines the concepts of object-oriented methods, and describes an object-oriented application development methodology for manufacturing information systems. A CASE (Computer-Aided Software Engineering) tool is used for system modelling and for direct source-code generation. A case study describing the development of a quality management information system is presented, which was implemented using a C++ development environment. Although the research described here is concerned with quality management information systems, the proposed design methodology is applicable to other areas of manufacturing, and conclusions are drawn concerning the uses of OOP in manufacturing information systems generally.
Since the early 1970s, production planning systems have evolved from material requirements planning (MRP) through manufacturing resource planning (MRPII) into enterprise resource planning (ERP) with simultaneous development of related control systems such as theory of constraints (epitomised by OPT), just-in-time (JIT), etc. One key area for all manufacturing companies is the planning and control function. There is a wide range of generic proprietary software available that aims to meet a company’s planning and scheduling requirements. The difficulty experienced by many companies is not only in examining available software, but also in understanding the match between business needs and the capabilities of that software. This paper first sets out some common manufacturing classification systems, then attempts to map them against accepted paradigms for production planning and control approaches. Analysis confirms the need for a more rigorous approach to software selection, and the need for a complete understanding of the drivers of the production control process before this can be achieved. The paper goes on to discuss a method for mapping these drivers, with the aim being to create a series of reference models for production planning and scheduling.