Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection and Reporting With Black Box

Abstract

As per the World Health Organization (WHO), more than a million individuals on the planet pass on every year on account of vehicle mishaps. Regardless of mindfulness cause, this issue is as yet expanding because of rider's poor practices, for example, drunk driving, speed driving , riding without adequate rest, riding with no cap insurance, and so forth. This paper presents automatic vehicle accident detection and reporting System using black box. The proposed system use ARM controller, black box, LCD, GPS module and GSM modem. This framework is placed in moving vehicle to detect accident and report to In Case of Emergency (ICE). In case of accidentARM controller communicate with GPS module in prefixed terms and sends the vehicle location information such as Latitude and Longitude to first responder over GSM. The proposed system gather position information to manage focus using GPRS by Google Earth. MEMS sensor detect the surplus vibrationin case of accident and activate the above frame work, send the message to specific server and Black box. The Black box records the voice at that instant. The recorded voice in Black box is exceptionally helpful for identifying the cause of accident.

Full text

Automatic Vehicle Accident Detection and Reporting
With Black Box
1Dr.J.L.Mazher Iqbal1(Professor, Dept.of.ECE) 2S.Heena Kousar2(M.Tech, Dept. of ECE)
1Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science, Angallu
2Madanapalle Institute of Technology & Science, Angallu
Mail Id:1mazheriq@gmail.com, 2kousarheena34@gmail.com
Abstract:
As per the World Health Organization (WHO),
more than a million individuals on the planet pass
on every year on account of vehicle mishaps.
Regardless of mindfulness cause, this issue is as
yet expanding because of rider's poor practices,
for example, drunk driving, speed driving , riding
without adequate rest, riding with no cap
insurance, and so forth. This paper presents
automatic vehicle accident detection and reporting
System using black box. The proposed system use
ARM controller, black box, LCD, GPS module
and GSM modem. This framework is placed in
moving vehicle to detect accident and report to In
Case of Emergency (ICE). In case of
accidentARM controller communicate with GPS
module in prefixed terms and sends the vehicle
location information such as Latitude and
Longitude to first responder over GSM. The
proposed system gather position information to
manage focus using GPRS by Google Earth.
MEMS sensor detect the surplus vibrationin case
of accident and activate the above frame work,
send the message to specific server and Black box.
The Black box records the voice at that instant.
The recorded voice in Black box is exceptionally
helpful for identifying the cause of accident.
Keywords:Black Box, ARM, GSM technology,
Microcontroller
I. Introduction
Now-a-days, there is high demand for automobiles,
because of this traffic control becomes hectic and it
leads to road accidents. In case of accident, long
response time to attend the victim may leads to
increase number of death. In literature several paper
discuss accident detection and vehicle tracking. In
[2], an imaginative remote discovery utilizing MEMS
accelerometer and GPS following framework is used
for detection of accident.The framework can
distinguish sort of mishap (direct and nonlinear fall)
from accelerometer sign utilizing limit calculation,
distance in the wake of smashing of GPS ground
speedand cruiser. After mishap is identified, short
alert information (caution back rub and position of
mischance) is sent by means of GSM system. The
framework is tried in certifiable 850 applications
utilizing bikes. The test outcomes demonstrate that it
can distinguish direct fall, non-straight fall and
nominal ride with no false alert, wireless black box
using MEMS accelerometer and GPS tracking for
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accidental monitoring of vehicle. The limitation of
framework proposed in [2] is accident detection for
only two wheelers, and reporting only using GPS
with no black box. The paper [3] titled “The 3-stage
AcuTrac, Motorcycle Tracking System”,Elite
security supplies frame workis limited to two wheeler
because a two wheelers mishaps could have several
cases which cannot totally use for four wheeler
accident detection. The limitations of the above
framework ismaking use of capability of the GPS
system as well as an area sensor to make a very good
spread method to help detect mishaps. Numerous
devices are available for incident detection by
scientists. The actual incident detection methods
ended up by determining realtime targeted vehicles
and examination to help prediction targeted vehicle.
This specific detection approach is known while
Traffic-incident detection-algorithm determined by
nonparametric regression in [3].
The framework in [4] save the message as well as
report with intersection using metadata registry. A
coincidence detection method in road [5], make use
of CCTV which often see movement of auto trace.
However this technique monitors the main targeted
visitors move that are fitted with a lot of loop
openings within it is execution. Due to the loopholes
within preceding is effective a few brand-new
automated incident detection as well as credit
reporting approaches ended up evolved. Most of
these devices are usually majorly focused intended
for some wheeler cars. This specific automated
detection as well as credit reporting approach started
working with GPS UNIT as well as GSM
technological know-how. However these kind of
ended up in particular constructed intended for autos.
The actual automated incident detection approach
which often uses air case sensor as well as
accelerometer to help diagnose an accident ended up
put forward by M. Chuan-Zhietal [6][10]. More
recent devices that have been evolved from this
started working with GPS unit technology intended
for incident detection along with intended for
determining the venue regarding incident. The system
planned by Jerath as well as Jung Lee employs GPS
unit technology to help keep an eye on speed with the
auto as well as microcontroller to help examine speed
with the auto intended for consecutive mere seconds
[7][8]. Quick braking will perhaps result in a false
beneficial while velocity big difference could be the
simply aspect regarded as intended for detecting
incident. Most of these methods ended up created
specifically intended for some wheelers [9].
Most of these devices is not used in a couple
wheelers while they is probably not successful.
Therefore devices ended up designed for both the
cars.This is a platform for emergency rescue which
will operate optimally in order to reduce the golden
time of arrival of rescuers in case of road accidents,
when every microsecond counts. Our paper aims to
present a technology automatically detecting the
accident and a hardware tracking device based on
GSM/GPS technology informing at the occurrence of
accident with sufficient details like exact location and
time at which accident happened and along with that
the voice was recorded for a couple of minutes when
the accident occurs.This paper establish a
communication between the control station and the
unit installed in vehicles. Vehicles will have
GPS/GSM enabled tracking modules and will be
tracked in real time using cellular networks. The
software embedded in the microcontroller will
control the various operations of the device by
monitoring waveform from the vibration sensor. In
case of accident the device will send an alert message
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along with location data from GPS module to control
station using GSM network. It is a comprehensive
and effective solution to the poor rescue response in
case of accident. The accident reporting can
automatically find a traffic accident, search for the
spot and then send the basic information to the rescue
agency covering geographical coordinates and the
time and circumstances in which a traffic accident
took place. At the server end, a control function will
extract relevant data and store it in a database, to
which accident information from prototypes will be
polled in real time. Our system combines advanced
hardware design and sophisticated control technology
into a compact, reliable package.The proposed
method significantly shorten the response time of
accident.
II. Methodology
Fig. 1. Methodology of the system.
Working of proposed system:
The working process of proposed system of accident
detection and reporting with black box is shown in
flowchart. The proposed system consists of ARM,
GPS, GSM and black box. The working process is
explained as follows:
1. Load the message with * to store mobile
number of the first responder to the
automatic accident detection and reporting
with black box.
2. GSM modem Initialized and power up
MEMS sensor to that unit.A text message
will be received after the system is ready to
use.
3. When MEMS sensor, senses the vibration
then GSM sends the information to the first
responder along with latitude and longitude
using GPS.
4. Then the victim voice was recorded for
couple of minutes with the help of black
box.
Fig. 2. General block diagram of the system.
ARM Processor:
ARM is usually a category of teaching set
architectures for laptop or computer processors
determined by a lower teaching set processing
(RISC) architectural mastery produced by British
firm ARM Holdings.Some sort of RISC-based laptop
or computer design and style technique means ARM
processors need considerably much less transistors
than common processors in regular computers. This
ARM7
Power
supply
MEMS
GSM
GPS
APR
9600
module
Speaker
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approach minimizes charges, warm and also
electrical power utilize. They are desirable features
for gentle, lightweight, battery-powered devices—
including smartphones on the market, notebooks,
capsule and also notepad computers), along with
other inserted methods. A simpler design and style
allows for more effective multi-core CPUs and also
better key number at lower cost, delivering better
finalizing electrical power and also improved upon
strength productivity for hosting space and also
supercomputers.
Fig. 3. LPC 2148 Microcontroller
GSM Module:
GSM MODEM, RS232 is constructed with double
band GSM motor SIM900A, takes a shot at 900/1800
MHZ frequencies.The modem is accompanying
“RS232” interface,which permits you unite Personal
Computer (PC) and in addition microcontroller with
RS232 chip (Max232).The Baud rate is configurable
from 9600-115200 through AT summon. The
“GSM/GPRS” modem is having inner TCP/IP stack
to empower you to join with hobby by means of
GPRS.It is suitable for message.Voice and DATA
move application in M2M interface. The locally
available directed power supply permits you to unite
wide range unregulated power supply. Utilizing this
modem, you can make sound calls, SMS, read SMS,
go to the approaching calls and so forth through basic
AT summons.
Fig. 4. GSM Module
GPS Module:
GPS sign handling is clear, yet non-unimportant, and
some GPS collectors are not completely consistent
with all parts of distributed Interface Control
Documents (ICDs). Therefore, such recipients
experience issues when handling GPS satellite signs
under non-routine circumstancesor on the off chance
that they experience signal arrangements or
conditions for which their originators did not
account.
This circumstance can influence both business and
military collectors and establishments, however
business frameworks for the most part experience
issues at a higher rate than do military frameworks.
Be that as it may, all instances of GPS gathering
issues answered to the Air Force Space Command
Center (AFSPC), whether including military or
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business gear, must be rapidly and completely
assessed. This is to first discount issues starting in the
GPS satellite heavenly body or control fragment, and
at exactly that point to home in on the gathering's
wellspring issue at the client end.
Fig. 5. GPS Module
APR9600 IC:
APR9600 is a low-cost high performance sound
record/replay IC incorporating flash analogue storage
technique. Recorded sound is retained even after
power supply is removed from the module. The
replayed sound exhibits high quality with a low noise
level. Sampling rate for a 60 second recording period
is 4.2 kHz that gives a sound record/replay bandwidth
of 20Hz to 2.1 kHz. However, by changing an
oscillation resistor, a sampling rate as high as 8.0 kHz
can be achieved. This shortens the total length of
sound recording to 32 seconds. Total sound recording
time can be varied from 32 seconds to 60 second
changing the value of a single resistor.
Figure6.APR9600 IC
III. Experimental Results
Fig. 6. Flowchart of the proposed system
Start
Automatic
Modem
initialization
Sent Text Message to
Modem to store mobile
no.
The text message
will be received
the system is now
ready to used.
A text message will be
received after the
system is ready to use.
When the accident
will be occurred
the location
automatically sent
to registered
mobile no.
Location
automatically
updated to the
server at the same
time black box
contain voice
data.
End
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Fig. 7. Prototype implementation of the proposed
system.
Fig. 8. Project design and operation
Fig. 9. Output of the proposed system
In case of accident, MEMS sensor recognizes the
vehicle's vibration and sends electric signal to
controller. The controller utilize GPS to locate
specific area where accident happens, and
simultaneously GSM module send message to ICE
e.g.relatives, emergency vehicle, police etc. At that
instant, black box record the voice from inside the
damaged vehicle victim voice for further
investigation. The rescue team reaches at the spot of
accident on time and can rescue the victims.The
police can gathers the recorded confirmation. The
proposed system reduces the time of arrivingrescue
team. Furthermore activity can be cleared effectively.
Fig 6, fig 7, fig 8, and fig 9 show the operation flow,
design, implementation and output of the proposed
system.
IV. CONCLUSION
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144

Automatic vehicle accident detection and
reporting System using black box is proposed in this
paper. The framework in the proposed system is
placed in moving vehicle to detect accident and
report to In Case of Emergency (ICE). The first
responder is getting notice through GSM and in
addition to that the vehicle accident zone longitude
and latitude information is obtained through GPS and
GPRS.The proposed work can save life as the ICE
team reaches the spot on time, take care of the victim
and give medical treatment on time.The black box
will records the voice of victim after the accident
occurs which will be used for further investigation.
V. References
[1] Research Notes, Highlights of 2009 Motor
Vehicle crashes, Traffic Safety Facts,( NHTSA)
National Highway traffic Safety Administration.
[Online]. Accessed on 16 October 2011. Available:
http://wwwnrd.nhtsa.dot.gov/Pubs/811363.PDF
[2]Wireless Black Box using MEMS Accelerometer
and GPS Tracking for Accidental Monitoring of
Vehicles, 978-1-4577-2177- 9/12$25 (c) 2012 IEEE.
[3] “The 3-stage acuTrac Motorcycle Tracking
System”,Elite security supplies,
http://www.gpsfast.com.
[4] "Traffic-incident detection-algorithm basedon
nonparametric regression”,S. M. Tang and H. J. Gao,
IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation
Systems, vol. 6, 2005, pp. 38-42.
[5] Yong-Kul Ki ,Jin-Woo Kim and Doo-Kwon
Baik," A Traffic Accident Detection Model using
Metadata Registry ",Conference on Software
Engineering Research, Management and
Applications, 2006 ppno: 0-7695-2656-X.
[6] “Providing Accident Detection in Vehicular
Networks Through OBD-II Devices and Android-
based Smartphones”Juan Carlos Cano,Jorge Zaldivar,
Carlos T. Calafate, Pietro Manzoni in 5th IEEE
Workshop On User Mobility and Vehicular Networks
2011 pp no : 978-1-61284-928-7.
[7] "Method of Freeway Incident Detection Using
wireless Positioning,"H. Ru-fu,L. Chuan-zhi, Y.E.
Hong-wu, in Proceedings of the IEEE International
Conference on Automation and Logistics, 2008, pp.
2801 -2804.
[8] "GPS-free terrain-based vehicle tracking on road
networks," Jerath, K.; Brennan, S.N., American
Control Conference (ACC), 2012, pp.307, 311, 27-29
June 2012
[9], "An accident detection system on highway
through CCTV with calogero-mosersystem,Jung Lee
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[10] Jog, S.R., Sutaone, M.S,Badawe, V.V.,
"Ruggedisation methodologies for GPS based
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8-10 April 2011.
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