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Does Facebook increase political participation? Evidence from a field experiment

Taylor & Francis
Information, Communication & Society
Authors:

Abstract and Figures

During the last decade, much of political behaviour research has come to be concerned with the impact of the Internet, and more recently social networking sites such as Facebook, on political and civic participation. Although existing research generally finds a modestly positive relationship between social media use and offline and online participation, the majority of contributions rely on cross-sectional data, so the causal impact of social media use remains unclear. The present study examines how Facebook use influences reported political participation using an experiment. We recruited young Greek participants without a Facebook account and randomly assigned a subset to create and maintain a Facebook account for a year. In this paper we examine the effect of having a Facebook account on diverse modes of online and offline participation after six months. We find that maintaining a Facebook account had clearly negative consequences on reports of offline and online forms of political and civic participation.
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1
Does Facebook Increase Political Participation?
Evidence from a Field Experiment
Yannis Theocharis1
Mannheim Centre for European Social Research
Will Lowe2
Princeton University
This is the accepted version of the manuscript published by Taylor & Francis in Information,
Communication & Society on 17 December. The published manuscript is available online and can
be downloaded at http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/1369118X.2015.1119871
Abstract
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1 yannis.theocharis@uni-mannheim.de
2 wlowe@princeton.edu
2
Introduction!
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References!
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Political(Science(Quarterly0'SSUH]OhYMUkYKR;'
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P),%&$%&'b,((*#%-'23'b,#($/$4,($2%;'The(ANNALS(of(the(American(Academy(of(Political(and(
Social(Science0'd]]HSOhIJkUR;'
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5#2,./,-('%*7-;'Annals(of(the(American(Academy(of(Political(and(Social(Science0'Y]dh]KkYK;'
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22
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!*++$'P,#4$%$0'F;',%.'W**(*#0'X;'HSRRMO;'What(Americans(Know(About(Politics(and(Why(it(
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'
'
Acknowledgment: The authors would like to thank the participants of the "Social Media and
Political Participation" panel of the 2014 EPSA General Conference, as well as the participants
of the "Experimental Research" panel of the 110th APSA Annual Meeting for commenting on
earlier versions of this paper. Yannis Theocharis would especially like to thank Jan W. van Deth
for his advice, ideas about the study’s design and his support, as well as to acknowledge the
financial contribution of the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation and the Mannheim Centre for
European Social Research.
Yannis Theocharis is Research Fellow at the Mannheim Centre for European Social Research
(MZES), University of Mannheim. His research interests are in political behaviour, new media,
social networks, and social capital.
Will Lowe is Senior Research Specialist in the Department of Politics at Princeton University.
He is a political methodologist focusing on quantitative political text analysis.
28
Table 1: Models of offline participation modes. For each mode, model 0 is equivalent to a t-test of
difference of means, model 1 is a linear regression, and model 2 is the ATE from a matching analysis
using propensity scores.
29
Table 2: Models for offline and online modes. For each mode, model 0 is equivalent to a t-test of
difference of means, model 1 is a linear regression, and model 2 is the ATE from a matching analysis
using propensity scores. Standard errors are in parentheses.
30
Table 3: Models for all measures combined. For each mode, model 0 is equivalent to a t-test of difference
of means, model 1 is a linear regression, and model 2 is the ATE from a matching analysis using
propensity scores. Standard errors are in parentheses.
31
Table 4: Correlation table of modes with attributes of the treated group.
32
Figure 1: Estimated treatment effects by dependent variable for regression and matching analyses.
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To explore the rapid development of digital technology and its profound impact on human behavior and social functioning and to study the mechanisms by which digital technology and the social environment interact, a new branch of sociology—digital sociology—has emerged and rapidly entered a stage of vigorous development. This article briefly introduces digital sociology and outlines the research progress of digital sociology in six areas: labor economy and production, digital politics and power, social relations and interaction, body and self, social inequality, and methodological innovation. Based on this, the article compares digital sociology research in China and the West. The rapid development of digital technology in China provides a superb opportunity for sociology, and digital sociology has great potential for development in China.
... В первом исследовании авторы также обнаружили, что студенты, имеющие более 5 учетных записей в социальных сетях, проявляют большее участие по сравнению с другими студентами, у которых меньше учетных записей. Теохарис и Лав обнаружили, что социальные сети негативно влияют на участие и предположили, что социальные сети, по-видимому, не оказывают большого влияния на участие в классических формах политической и гражданской жизни и даже могут сделать их менее эффективными [21]. Наши выводы также схожи с выводами Парка и Кей, которые утверждали, что участие может быть негативно затронуто социальными сетями [22]. ...
Article
With the increasing involvement of universities in Kazakhstan in the processes of internationalization, there is a need to adapt educational programs to the changing requirements of the labor market and the national educational environment. An important aspect of these changes is the study of the perception of global citizenship among students of Kazakhstan. In this article, the authors present the results of their two studies on global citizenship. In the first study, the authors set out to study the behavior of university students with participation in democratic processes and their use of social media. In the last decade, many researchers have studied the impact of social media on youth participation in global public life. Many of them noted the positive impact, suggesting that the use of social media would promote democratic participation, especially among the younger generation. Among the students of Kazakhstan, 284 students took part in this study. Participation in global and democratic processes includes five main elements: voting, political activism, consumer participation, protests, and communication with politicians. Our research has shown that university students in Kazakhstan most often express their support or protest within the framework of consumer participation. Students in Kazakhstan demonstrate a low level of participation in political activism, protests and communication with politicians. Regarding the second work of the authors, the study aims to adapt the Scale of Global Citizenship to the context of Kazakhstan, which is a key step in preparing students for active participation in democratic processes. The study used a cross-sectional design using quantitative methods for data collection and analysis. 374 students participated in the study. Based on the results of exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, as well as reliability calculations, it was found that the Global Citizenship Scale has been successfully adapted for use in Kazakhstan, which confirms its applicability in the country.
... For instance, Matthes [43] contends that social media use may constitute a distraction rather than a source of political mobilization, depending on the specific activities such platforms are used for. Similarly, Theocharis and Lowe [61] conclude that "Facebook use not only fails to influence engagement in a number of classic and widely used political and civic participation repertoires, but also affects them negatively" (p. 1479). ...