Article

WOMEN, WORK AND FAMILY IN SPAIN

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Abstract

The aim of this paper is to analyse the changes in the determinants of the decision to participate in the labour market, union formation and non-maternity. We use the European Union Statistics on Income and Living Conditions Survey (2005-2011). The econometric technique is a trivariate probit model, which allows estimating the three dependent variables simultaneously. The results show, among other things, that highly educated women are more likely to participate in the labour market and not to have children and less likely to live in a couple.

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Women who have first births relatively late in life earn higher wages. This papers offers an explanation of this fact based on a simple life-cycle model of human capital investment and timing of first birth. The model yields conditions (that are plausibly satisfied) under which late childbearers will tend to invest more heavily in human capital than early childbearers. The empirical analysis finds results consistent with the higher wages of late childbearers arising primarily through greater measurable human capital investment.
Article
This paper analyses the increase in mothers' employment in Britain over 1974-2000 using the General Household Survey. We isolated those birth cohorts whose mothers experienced significant increases in employment and compared those increases to changes in policies. The results suggest that maternity rights have had a profound effect on employment, but this effect varies by the wage opportunities of mothers. Maternity rights have induced a behaviour change in when mothers return to work. Many who previously would not have gone back to work until their children were age 3-5 are now returning to work within the first year. This effect has been most marked among better educated and higher paid mothers. Copyright (c) The London School of Economics and Political Science 2007.
Fertility Timing, Wages and Human Capital
  • L Benería
  • Globalization
  • Nueva Routledge
  • York
  • M L Blackburn
  • D E Bloom
  • D Neumark
Benería, L. (2003), Gender, Development and Globalization, Routledge, Nueva York. Blackburn, M. L., D. E. Bloom y D. Neumark (1993), "Fertility Timing, Wages and Human Capital", Journal of Population Economics, vol. 6, núm. 1, pp. 1-30.
Familia y participación laboral de la mujer. ¿Presentan las mujeres inmigrantes diferencias en sus modelos de participación laboral?
  • I Cebrián
  • G Moreno
Cebrián, I., y G. Moreno (2009), "Familia y participación laboral de la mujer. ¿Presentan las mujeres inmigrantes diferencias en sus modelos de participación laboral?", Principio: Estudios de Economía Política, núm. 14, pp. 71-91.
Fertility and Employment in Italy, France and the UKLife Cycle Employment and Fertility across Institutional EnvironmentsThe Mismatch between Employment and Child Care in Italy: The Impact of Rationing
  • S Pascua
  • C Pronzato
  • R M Sauer
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The Social Situation in the European Union
European Commission (2002), The Social Situation in the European Union, European Commission, Luxemburgo.
Population Statistics
Eurostat (2006), Population Statistics, Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxemburgo.
Remaining Childless in Affluent Economies: A Comparison of France
  • M J Gónzalez
  • T Jurado-Guerrero
Gónzalez, M. J., y T. Jurado-Guerrero (2006), "Remaining Childless in Affluent Economies: A Comparison of France, West Germany, Italy and Spain, 1994-2001", European Journal of Population, vol. 22, núm. 4, pp. 317-352.
Econometric Analysis, Pearson Education
  • W H Greene
Greene, W. H. (2003), Econometric Analysis, Pearson Education, La India.