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Wound healing activity of Durva ghrita
Abstract
Durva ghrita is herbal formulation containing Cynodon dactylon and Cow's ghee as its main constituents. In the present study Durva ghrita was evaluated for its wound healing property by incision and excision wound models in male Wistar rats. Treatment with Durva ghrita alone promoted wound contraction and reduced the time for closure showing healing potential comparable to framycetin sulphate cream 1% w/w. Histopathological studies shows proliferation of epithelial tissue, angiogenesis and fibrosis due to treatment with Durva ghrita. The present study demonstrates wound healing potential of the test formulation.
... The wound healing property of druva gritha was evaluated by incision and excision wound model in male Wister rat promotes wound contraction and reduces the time for closure showing healing potential comparable to Framycetin sulphate 1% cream [45]. Wounds dressed with Azadirachta indica and C. dactylon extract with honey formulations, as topical application of wounds significantly accelerate the rate of wound healing process. ...
... [7] However, till date, no sufficient systemic and scientific studies have been carried out on the pharmacological and phytocompositions of C. dactylon, except on its in vitro antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity and wound healing property. [5,8,9] ...
Cynodon dactylon (Family: Poaceae) is known to be a tackler in Indian mythology and is offered to Lord Ganesha. It is found everywhere, even on waste land, road side, dry places, and spreads vigorously on cultivated ground. This study was carried out with an objective to test if the constituents of this plant are useful in coping stressinduced sexual In this study, we considered immobilization stress to induce male infertility and the effect of
C. dactylon in restoration of the dysfunction was evaluated by considering sexual behavioral observations, sexual performance, fructose content of the seminal vesicles, epididymal sperm concentration and histopathological examinations as parameters. Treatment of rats under stress with methanolic extract of C. dactylon has shown a
promising effect in overcoming stress-induced sexual dysfunction, sexual performance, fructose content, sperm concentration and its effect on accessory sexual organs and body weight. We conclude that active constituents of C. dactylon present in methanolic extract have a potent aphrodisiac and male fertility activity.
... Finally, there is the remolding phase in which cell production is balanced by cell death, collagen production by degradation and absorption and capillary formation by capillary obliteration. A plethora of cytokines attractant, proteolytic enzymes, fibrin degradation factors, growth factors matrix proteins prostaglandins kinins, autacoids such as histamine, serotonin, and other factors such as oxygen free radicals, nitric oxide, and various trace elements take part in wound healing [4]. ...
The wound healing process consists of four highly integrated and overlapping phases: Hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation, and tissue remodeling. These phases and their biophysiological functions must occur in the proper sequence, at a specific time and continue for a specific duration at an optimal intensity. There are many factors that can affect wound healing which interferes with one or more phases in this process, thus causing improper or impaired tissue repair. This review was aimed to collect data and made a critical analysis. This will provide concise information regarding different models and parameters used for wound healing study. The data related to different wound models are collected using popular search engines as well as relevant science search engines and database including Google Scholar, Science Direct, and PubMed. A new drug substance can be evaluated for wound healing activity using different in vitro models such as cell culture, chick chorioallantoic membrane model, tube formation on metrigel and capillary growth model. The in vivo wound models such as incision, excision, dead space, burn wound, ischemic wound, and diabetic wound models are frequently used. Each model has specific importance. The limitations and advantages of each are described in this review. Although animal wound repair is an imperfect reflection of human wound healing and its clinical challenges, these models can be fundamental tools for the development of new approaches to rational wound therapy.
... [7] However, till date, no sufficient systemic and scientific studies have been carried out on the pharmacological and phytocompositions of C. dactylon, except on its in vitro antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity and wound healing property. [5,8,9] ...
The Aristolochia bracteata is well known for its antiarthritis properties in Indian system of medicine and folk medicine. The objective of the present study was to evaluate its folk claim in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and propose a probable mechanism of action. Anti arthritic activity was evaluated using Freund's complete adjuvant in rats, the course of treatment was followed for over and 4 weeks post inoculation period using health parameters, clinical and behavioral methods of study. Estimation of blood Hb, ESR and change in body weight were considered as health parameters and clinical observations included paw edema volume, thermal hyperalgesia, radiological and histomarphological analysis and exploratory behavior was studied in behavioral observations. The results indicates that, regular treatment of adjuvant in-duced arthritic rats with A. bracteata extracts improves ESR, Hb value and also restores body weight. Significant (P<0.01) inhibitory effect was observed with A. bracteata extract on Freund's complete adjuvant induced paw edema throughout the study (P<0.001). The latency to thermal stimuli and inhibitory effect on xylene induced ear edema was significantly (P<0.05) affected by oral treatment of A. bracteata, irrespective of solvent used for extraction. Treatment of FCA induced rats with A. bracteata extracts shown (P<0.05) increase in pain threshold, weight bearing ability, ambulation and also de-cline in scratching, defecation and urination, were observed as a sign of improvement in behavioral condition. The results obtained in this study showed promising effect on FCA modulated health status, clinical observations and behavioral changes.
... [7] However, till date, no sufficient systemic and scientific studies have been carried out on the pharmacological and phytocompositions of C. dactylon, except on its in vitro antioxidant activity, antimicrobial activity and wound healing property. [5,8,9] ...
Cynodon dactylon (Family: Poaceae) is known to be a tackler in Indian mythology and is offered to Lord Ganesha. It is found everywhere, even on waste land, road side, dry places, and spreads vigorously on cultivated ground. This study was carried out with an objective to test if the constituents of this plant are useful in coping stress-induced sexual In this study, we considered immobilization stress to induce male infertility and the effect of C. dactylon in restoration of the dysfunction was evaluated by considering sexual behavioral observations, sexual performance, fructose content of the seminal vesicles, epididymal sperm concentration and histopathological examinations as parameters. Treatment of rats under stress with methanolic extract of C. dactylon has shown a promising effect in overcoming stress-induced sexual dysfunction, sexual performance, fructose content, sperm concentration and its effect on accessory sexual organs and body weight. We conclude that active constituents of C. dactylon present in methanolic extract have a potent aphrodisiac and male fertility activity.
- According to WHO About 347 million people worldwide have diabetes, and is predicted to become the seventh leading cause of death in the world by the year 2030.According to Diabetes Atlas 2012, released by ‘International Diabetes Federation’ India has 63 million people living with diabetes and is only second to China. By 2030, India's diabetes burden is expected to cross the 100 million mark as against 87 million earlier estimated. Many oral hypoglycemic agents, such as biguanides and sulfonylurea are available along with insulin for the treatment of diabetes mellitus but they have significant side effects and sometimes they are found to be ineffective in chronic diabetic patients. Since ancient times, diabetes has been treated orally with several medicinal plants or their extracts. Phytochemical study shows the presences of flavonoids and sterols in Cynodon dactylon(Doob Grass) which exhibit hypoglycemic activity and are also known for their ability of beta cell regeneration of pancreas. Sterols have also shown to decrease blood sugar in experimental animal models.
The present study was to evaluate the wound healing activity of seed extract of Annona reticulata. It is a well-known plant in Indian traditional medicine. On the basis of traditional use and literature references, this plant was selected for evaluation of wound healing potential. The phytochemcial studies revealed that the presence of alkaloids, phytosterol, fixed oil and fats, phenolic compounds, tannins, proteins, amino acids and flavonoids. The ethanolic extract of seeds of Annona reticulata was examined for the wound healing activity in the form of ointment in two types of wound models on rat; the excision and incision wound model. Test formulations showed considerable response in above said wound models as compared to those of the standard drug nitrofurazone ointment (0.2% w/w NFZ) in terms of wound contracting ability, wound closure time and tensile strength.
The methanolic extract of the whole plant of Trichodesma indicum Linn R.Br. was screened for its in-vitro antioxidant, anti bacterial and wound healing activity. The antioxidant activity was screened by Nitric oxide scavenging and reducing power assay method. The methanolic extract showed good antioxidant potential. The antibacterial and wound healing potency of the extract was screened by preparing an ointment formulation using simple ointment base. It has good antibacterial activity against the tested organisms when compared with control base. It has complete rate of contraction (closure 99.63%) when compared with standard Neosporin treated and control base treated group when studies for wound healing potency.
Cynodon dactylon (L) Pers. (Family: Poaceae) is known to be a sacred tackler in Indian Hindu mythology is offered to Lord Ganesha and one of the 10 auspicious herbs that constitute the group Dasapushpam in Ayurveda. It is an creeping, graceful, enduring grass, abundantly founding in India. The intention of the present study was to investigate the pharmacognostical, preliminary phytochemical studies and anti ulcer activity of n-hexene, chloroform, methanol extracts of cynodon dacyoon in wistar albino rats. Pharmacognostical studies including morphology, microscopy, total ash, acid insoluble ash, water insoluble ash, sulphated ash and loss on drying were determined. The preliminary phytochemical studies were performed to determine the various secondary metabolites. Carbohydrates, proteins, flavonoids, saponins, alkaloids were detected. The cynodon dactylon extracts in dose of 200,400 mg/kg body weight (given orally) were investigated for its potential to protect gastric mucosa against indomethacin induced ulcer model. The common parameter like ulcer index, % protection were used for evaluation of anti ulcer activity. The significant anti ulcer activity was found at the dose of 400 mg/kg of methanolic extract. But 200 mg/kg dose was found to be potent comparable with standard drug Pantoprazole. This study provides scientific evidence that aerial portion of cynodon dactylon extracts have potential anti-ulcer effect which could be either cytoprotective action of the drug.
Azadirachta indica, and Cynodon dactylon are reported to possess wound healing, and anti-bacterial activities. The emulsifying ointment and carbopol -934 gel formulations containing extracts of the above mentioned herbs were formulated and their wound healing activity was studied on experimentally induced open wounds in wrister rats. The individual herbs were evaluated for their standard specification according to the Ayurvedic Pharmacopoeia of India. Extracts were obtained by established procedures. Formulations containing 1%, 2% Azadirachta indica and Cynodon dactylon herbal extracts formulations were prepared and applied topically two times a day to open wounds for 16 days post-operatively and compared with base control. The treated wounds showed a faster rate of wound contraction compared with controls. The wound contraction studies revealed that the wound contractions increase with an increase in the herbal extract concentration. The results obtained were encouraging and honey based formulation produced better healing in all three type wound model compared with the emulsifying ointment and Carbopol gel formulations.
Madhu ghrita is a herbal formulation containing honey and ghee (clarified butterfat) as its constituents. The aim of present study is to verify the wound healing and antiinflammatory claims of Madhu ghrita . Incision and excision wound models were used for evaluation of wound healing activity followed by histopathological study in which healing markers like keratinization, epithelization, fibrosis, neovascularisation and collagenation were evaluated in male Wistar rats. The results of Madhu ghrita were compared with the results of untreated control group and results of framycetine sulphate cream, considered as a positive control. The formulation was also tested for antiinflammatory activity, using carrageenan-induced paw oedema in male Wistar rats. The test formulation Madhu ghrita enhanced the tensile strength, which significantly improved over untreated wounds. The tensile strength of untreated control wound was 281±5.82, while with the Madhu ghrita and framycetine sulphate cream 1% w/w, it was 328±8.9 and 398±6.32, respectively. Treatment with Madhu ghrita alone promoted wound contraction and reduced the wound closure time, so increase in tensile strength and wound contraction shows the wound healing potential of Madhu ghrita . Histopathological study shows that proliferation of epithelial tissue promotes angiogenesis, multiplication of fibrous connective tissue due to treatment with Madhu ghrita . The test formulation Madhu ghrita also shows significant antiinflammatory activity when the results are compared with the activity of ibuprofen gel as reference standard. The present study demonstrates the wound healing and antiinflammatory potential of Madhu ghrita .
The value of supplemental zinc in wound healing in nutritionally normal individuals has remained controversial. Possibly, zinc might have differential action on optimally and sub-optimally healing wounds. This hypothesis was experimentally verified by monitoring wound contraction, epithelization in excised wounds (rabbits); tensile strength in healing incision-wounds (guinea pigs) and weights of cotton pellet granuloma (rats). Wound/pellet bearing animals were divided into control (saline 0.5 ml i.p.) and steroid (dexamethasone 0.17-0.33 mg/kg/day i.m.) groups. Some animals in each group received zinc sulphate topically (1% ointment) or parenterally (25-100 mg/kg) i.p.). In control animals with optimal healing zinc sulphate had no influence. On the other hand, the steroid induced depression of healing was significantly (P<0.001 to <0.05) prevented by zinc sulphate treatment.
In the present study, the vacuum dried ethanolic extract of Glycyrrhiza glabra root was evaluated for its wound healing property by incision and excision wound models. The extract was also investigated for its antioxidant activity by thin layer chromatography using β-Carotene-linoleate oxidation method. The extract exhibited significant wound healing properties and also possess antioxidant activity. The wound healing property may be attributed to the antioxidant activity of the extract.
A phytopharmaceutical product (PPP) containing crude powders from eleven plants. This formulation is found to possess hepatoprotective activity. Its effects on the different parameters of wound healing (period of epithelization, wound contraction and paw edema) were assessed in rats. PPP facilitated epithelization, especially in higher doses (1300 mg/kg) and reversed the epithelization delaying effects of dexamethasone. It failed to show antiinflammatory effect on rat paw edema. Probably this facilitating effect on epithelization can be made use of clinically in patients receiving antiinflammatory and steroid therapy.
